Uploaded August 2024 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
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The Celtic Origins of Portugal and Spain…
Chapters:
0:00 The Celtic Origins of Portugal and Spain…
1:19 Gallaeci
2:12 Castro Culture
2:48 Astures and Cantabrians
3:28 Celtiberians
4:07 Origins of Celts in Iberia
5:11 Lusitanians & The Roman Conquest of Iberia
The lands we call Portugal and Spain today have had various influences on them down through history, from the Romans to the Visigoths, but one element that is often overlooked is the Celtic influence on the Iberian peninsula.
Now we actually often speak these Celtic origins without even thinking about it, whenever we use the word Portugal. The word Portugal derives from the combined Roman-Celtic place name Portus Cale. We know that Portus is the Latin word for port; Cale however is thought to be of Celtic origin, although the meaning is debated.
One popular theory is that Cale could come from the Callaeci, also known as the Gallaeci, who were a Celtic tribal complex who inhabited the north-west corner of the Iberian Peninsula. So Portus Cale could mean Port of the Callaeci, which would make sense. Galicia in north-west Spain actually takes its name from the Gallaeci, with this Celtic legacy also exemplified by the people of Galicia and parts of northern Portugal playing their version of the bagpipes, the gaita, with the people of Asturias and Cantabria in northern Spain also having a similar tradition.
Sources:
Cantabri | Cantabrian Mountains, Pre-Roman, Iberian | Britannica
Iñigo Olalde et al. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years.Science363,1230-1234(2019).DOI:10.1126/science.aav4040
Celtiberians - Wikipedia
Lorrio, Alberto J. and Zapatero, Gonzalo Ruiz (2005) "The Celts in Iberia: An Overview," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6, Article 4.
Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/4
Gallaeci - Wikipedia
Astures - Oxford Reference
Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula - Wikipedia
Siege of Numantia - Wikipedia
Numantia | Roman Siege, Celtiberian War, Battle of Numantia | Britannica
Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula - Wikipedia
Ancient Rome | History, Government, Religion, Maps, & Facts | Britannica
Lusitani | Iberian Peninsula, Pre-Roman Tribes, Celtic Culture | Britannica
Celtici - Wikipedia
Portugal - The World Factbook (cia.gov)
Lusitanian War - Wikipedia
Spain | History, Map, Flag, Population, Currency, Climate, & Facts | Britannica
Gallaeci - Wikipedia
Numantia - Wikipedia
#portugal #spain #history
Creative Commons Imagery:
Vitor Oliveira from Torres Vedras, PORTUGAL File:Guerreiro Galaico-Lusitano de Boticas - Portugal (8476453733).jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Shadowgate from Novara, ITALY File:MuseuNacArqu-GuerreirosLusitanos.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Dario Alvarez File:Gaiteiros em romaria galega.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Year of the Dragon File:Spain.Santander.Estatua.Monumento.al.Cantabro.jpeg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic - Creative Commons
Guriezous File:Europe and the Near East at 476 AD.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
The Ogre File:Ethnographic Iberia 200 BCE.PNG - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Henrique Pereira File:Castro en santa trega.jpg - Wikimedia Commons GNU Free Documentation License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
I, HansenBCN File:Conquista Hispania.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
Subscribe to Celtic History Decoded: youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA?sub_confirmation=1
Watch Next: Spanish DNA: What is the Genetic History of Spain? youtube.com/watch?v=r8zYbqVo_Vc&t=13s
Please Buy Me a Coffee - buymeacoffee.com/celtichistory
Please support this channel on Patreon and get ad-free videos and other benefits: patreon.com/historydecoded
Check out my merch store and please help support this channel - celtic-history-decoded.creator-spring.com - Full terms and conditions can be found on Spring’s website.
The Celtic Origins of Portugal and Spain…
Chapters:
0:00 The Celtic Origins of Portugal and Spain…
1:19 Gallaeci
2:12 Castro Culture
2:48 Astures and Cantabrians
3:28 Celtiberians
4:07 Origins of Celts in Iberia
5:11 Lusitanians & The Roman Conquest of Iberia
The lands we call Portugal and Spain today have had various influences on them down through history, from the Romans to the Visigoths, but one element that is often overlooked is the Celtic influence on the Iberian peninsula.
Now we actually often speak these Celtic origins without even thinking about it, whenever we use the word Portugal. The word Portugal derives from the combined Roman-Celtic place name Portus Cale. We know that Portus is the Latin word for port; Cale however is thought to be of Celtic origin, although the meaning is debated.
One popular theory is that Cale could come from the Callaeci, also known as the Gallaeci, who were a Celtic tribal complex who inhabited the north-west corner of the Iberian Peninsula. So Portus Cale could mean Port of the Callaeci, which would make sense. Galicia in north-west Spain actually takes its name from the Gallaeci, with this Celtic legacy also exemplified by the people of Galicia and parts of northern Portugal playing their version of the bagpipes, the gaita, with the people of Asturias and Cantabria in northern Spain also having a similar tradition.
Sources:
Cantabri | Cantabrian Mountains, Pre-Roman, Iberian | Britannica
Iñigo Olalde et al. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years.Science363,1230-1234(2019).DOI:10.1126/science.aav4040
Celtiberians - Wikipedia
Lorrio, Alberto J. and Zapatero, Gonzalo Ruiz (2005) "The Celts in Iberia: An Overview," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6, Article 4.
Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/4
Gallaeci - Wikipedia
Astures - Oxford Reference
Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula - Wikipedia
Siege of Numantia - Wikipedia
Numantia | Roman Siege, Celtiberian War, Battle of Numantia | Britannica
Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula - Wikipedia
Ancient Rome | History, Government, Religion, Maps, & Facts | Britannica
Lusitani | Iberian Peninsula, Pre-Roman Tribes, Celtic Culture | Britannica
Celtici - Wikipedia
Portugal - The World Factbook (cia.gov)
Lusitanian War - Wikipedia
Spain | History, Map, Flag, Population, Currency, Climate, & Facts | Britannica
Gallaeci - Wikipedia
Numantia - Wikipedia
#portugal #spain #history
Creative Commons Imagery:
Vitor Oliveira from Torres Vedras, PORTUGAL File:Guerreiro Galaico-Lusitano de Boticas - Portugal (8476453733).jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Shadowgate from Novara, ITALY File:MuseuNacArqu-GuerreirosLusitanos.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Dario Alvarez File:Gaiteiros em romaria galega.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution 2.0 Generic - Creative Commons
Year of the Dragon File:Spain.Santander.Estatua.Monumento.al.Cantabro.jpeg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic - Creative Commons
Guriezous File:Europe and the Near East at 476 AD.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
The Ogre File:Ethnographic Iberia 200 BCE.PNG - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Henrique Pereira File:Castro en santa trega.jpg - Wikimedia Commons GNU Free Documentation License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
I, HansenBCN File:Conquista Hispania.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
