Uploaded April 2021 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
Christchurch’s population of endangered tarāpuka/black-billed gulls may have a new home.
The Christchurch City Council is hoping to fashion a new site for the gulls in what was once part of Bexley, now in the city’s red zone.
Christchurch City Council ecologist Andrew Crossland told Frank Film that the existing bank will be reshaped to allow shallow flooding of tidal waters during spring tides, leaving small “islands” to mimic the stony banks and islands of Canterbury’s braided river systems where the gulls naturally live.
The flock of tarāpuka/black-billed gulls, the most endangered gull in the world, first set up camp in the mangled ruins of an earthquake-munted building in central Ōtautahi Christchurch in 2019. The inner city location currently comprises narrow concrete beams and gravelly pillar tops. While safer from introduced mammals, the site, currently shared with a colony of red-billed gulls, also threatened, is not ideal. Chicks are at risk of toppling into flooded foundations; local business owners have to deal with guano-streaked shop frontages; and work is expected to begin this year on the construction of the new cathedral precinct development earmarked for this block of land facing Armagh St.
A part of their Changing South short film series, Frank Film went location-hunting for a new home for Christchurch’s more unexpected arrivals, tracking the efforts of those trying to stop the endangered black-billed gulls from returning to the CBD for the next nesting season.
Andrew Hamlin has been feeding the birds to woo them away from their current location to a more amenable environment. As he says, given the circumstances, “I made the decision to do something, rather than nothing.” Department of Conservation science advisor Kerry Weston is not impressed – she is expecting the gulls to return later this year to a more natural environment, where they will have to survive without food handouts. The Catholic diocese has pumped out the water-logged basement to try and stop chicks drowning in the flooded foundations and is hopeful the onset of construction work will prevent their return. The site will be cleared, says property manager for the new Catholic Cathedral Precinct Tony Sewell, and workers will move in. “It’ll be a hive of activity – the gulls don't like hives of activity.”
But they do like Christchurch. Records show that 120-130 years ago black-billed gulls were roosting in the salt marshes of Canterbury. In the 1990s, a restoration project at the Charlesworth Reserve in Ferrymead succeeded in attracting a new population of black-billed gulls but a scare of some sort pushed them outwards on to the treacherously fast motorway where a number of gulls were killed. The following year, says Crossland, they moved into the CBD.
Now, he is hoping work on the old bank in the red zone will prove a more attractive address for the colony of threatened gulls. The neighbours seem to think so. Already, says Crossland, the surrounding wetlands are home to a huge number of wading bird species.
“People in Christchurch don't really understand this is the central nodal point for wading bird life in the South Island. This is more wildlife here than anywhere else in the hinterland. There are more than 249 species of bird recorded in Christchurch, more than any other part of New Zealand.”
Producer: Gerard Smyth
Director: Oliver Dawe
Christchurch’s population of endangered tarāpuka/black-billed gulls may have a new home.
The Christchurch City Council is hoping to fashion a new site for the gulls in what was once part of Bexley, now in the city’s red zone.
Christchurch City Council ecologist Andrew Crossland told Frank Film that the existing bank will be reshaped to allow shallow flooding of tidal waters during spring tides, leaving small “islands” to mimic the stony banks and islands of Canterbury’s braided river systems where the gulls naturally live.
The flock of tarāpuka/black-billed gulls, the most endangered gull in the world, first set up camp in the mangled ruins of an earthquake-munted building in central Ōtautahi Christchurch in 2019. The inner city location currently comprises narrow concrete beams and gravelly pillar tops. While safer from introduced mammals, the site, currently shared with a colony of red-billed gulls, also threatened, is not ideal. Chicks are at risk of toppling into flooded foundations; local business owners have to deal with guano-streaked shop frontages; and work is expected to begin this year on the construction of the new cathedral precinct development earmarked for this block of land facing Armagh St.
A part of their Changing South short film series, Frank Film went location-hunting for a new home for Christchurch’s more unexpected arrivals, tracking the efforts of those trying to stop the endangered black-billed gulls from returning to the CBD for the next nesting season.
Andrew Hamlin has been feeding the birds to woo them away from their current location to a more amenable environment. As he says, given the circumstances, “I made the decision to do something, rather than nothing.” Department of Conservation science advisor Kerry Weston is not impressed – she is expecting the gulls to return later this year to a more natural environment, where they will have to survive without food handouts. The Catholic diocese has pumped out the water-logged basement to try and stop chicks drowning in the flooded foundations and is hopeful the onset of construction work will prevent their return. The site will be cleared, says property manager for the new Catholic Cathedral Precinct Tony Sewell, and workers will move in. “It’ll be a hive of activity – the gulls don't like hives of activity.”
But they do like Christchurch. Records show that 120-130 years ago black-billed gulls were roosting in the salt marshes of Canterbury. In the 1990s, a restoration project at the Charlesworth Reserve in Ferrymead succeeded in attracting a new population of black-billed gulls but a scare of some sort pushed them outwards on to the treacherously fast motorway where a number of gulls were killed. The following year, says Crossland, they moved into the CBD.
Now, he is hoping work on the old bank in the red zone will prove a more attractive address for the colony of threatened gulls. The neighbours seem to think so. Already, says Crossland, the surrounding wetlands are home to a huge number of wading bird species.
“People in Christchurch don't really understand this is the central nodal point for wading bird life in the South Island. This is more wildlife here than anywhere else in the hinterland. There are more than 249 species of bird recorded in Christchurch, more than any other part of New Zealand.”
Producer: Gerard Smyth
Director: Oliver Dawe







![Can strong wool make a comeback?
Once upon a time, strong wool was a moneymaker for New Zealand. It was the golden fleece, with farmers rumoured to have paid off their mortgages in one wool clip during the boom of the ‘50s. Retired fourth generation sheep farmer Murray Urquhart remembers family tales from the notorious boom. “My uncle was the biggest single tax payer in Canterbury for three years in a row,” Murray tells Frank Film, and explains that this was mostly because of the US Army needing to keep their soldiers warm during the Korean War.
These days, though, it’s costing many farmers more to shear their strong wool sheep than they can get back for the wool itself. As Highfield Station farmer Michael Northcote points out, wool has almost become a by-product of meat - a nuisance, even. “Because there’s just no money in it,” Michael says. “It costs us $9.30 per sheep to shear them, and we’d probably end up getting about $8 to $9 worth of wool.”
Today, it’s only the wool from our Merino sheep and other finer wool breeds which are fetching farmers a decent price. These breeds, with their thinner, softer fibres, make up only a small percentage of the national flock, but contribute to a large part of the market. More on that later, though. The wool Michael is talking about is strong wool - also known as coarse wool, for its thick fibres. Of the 26 million odd sheep in New Zealand, 80% are strong wool sheep. They’re well-suited to most of the country’s climate, and are bred more for their meat than their fleece.
So what happened to the market for strong wool? In short, synthetics. As Hadleigh Smith from The NZ Merino Company explains, plastics took over everything. Strong wool, which is warm, fire resistant, water-repellent and naturally sourced, was squeezed out by a cheaper counterpart. “After the glory days of the 50’s and 60’s, there was a boom in synthetic production, and that material has been used everywhere, from flooring through to fabrics and in clothing,” says Hadleigh, whose role as market development manager for strong wool necessitates an intimate knowledge of its history.
So all this has put strong wool in dire straits. But with demand for natural fibres on the rise, there’s a movement to save it. NZ Merino, among other organisations, is turning its attention to strong wool. This renaissance, as Hadleigh says, may well be similar to the merino success story. “Our Merino growers were really struggling [20 years ago],” he tells Frank Film, explaining that the industry came together to create a higher market value for their product and give farmers more certainty. This was mainly through the production, branding and marketing of high end outdoor clothing, with brands like Icebreaker.
According to Hadleigh, the future of strong wool depends on the same kind of innovation - and it’s a future he firmly believes in. He’s not the only one. Bremworth carpets have switched from synthetics back to 100% wool, which CEO Greg Smith says is in response to increasing consumer demand. “The synthetic carpet that we made doesn’t go away, it just ends up in landfill. That is a problem,” Greg says. ‘Wool’s the best fibre for carpet, it’s as simple as that.”
Others are pushing it further. Inventor and entrepreneur Logan Williams is on a mission to replace plastic with wool. Through his development of strong wool polymers, Logan has been working with NZ Merino to create woollen kayaks, chilly bins and knives. Starting with the humble beginnings of a toastie machine, Logan melted down wool with PLA, a bio-plastic made from cornstarch.
“It looked like a piece of naan bread,” he confesses, but this rough start quickly evolved into the pellets of industrially compostable plastic-like material which he now sells to manufacturers under his company Shear Edge. Meanwhile, Wool Source, a subsidiary of Wool Research NZ, is busy breaking wool down into fine pigments which can be used in lipsticks, shampoos and other cosmetics.
So while the price is still low, there’s no shortage of believers. Michael at Highfield Station is one of many loyal farmers with wool in their blood, and he says he has every confidence that strong wool will come back. “We will stick with it,” Michael says. “It’s a hell of a good product and it’s totally undervalued.”
Join us as we explore what’s to become of New Zealand’s golden fleece. Watch the film at frankfilm.co.nz.
Accreditations
Images:
Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand (1/2-049602-F. )
Video:
Archives New Zealand Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga
Material preserved and made available by Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision.
Credits:
Director/Series Producer: Gerard Smyth
Editor: Tracey Jury
Story Producer/Researcher: Georgia Merton
Cameraman: Gerard Smyth & Romah Chorley
Production Manager: Jo Ffitch
Sound Mix: Chris Sinclair
Colour grade: Andrew Todd Can strong wool make a comeback?](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/bhBUZPC1NRM/mqdefault.jpg)


