Uploaded October 2025 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Often compared to ocean shipping lanes, Earth’s orbital layers act as channels to almost 14,000 satellites moving at around 7 km/second. These orbital pathways are becoming increasingly congested as a rapidly growing number of commercial actors enter what was once a predominantly state-run domain. Can the 1967 Outer Space Treaty hold up against this space revolution? Can international structures quickly modernize and work together to ensure all players in the space race are committed to a safe and sustainable future?
Join hosts Vass Bednar and Paul Samson as they speak with guests Esther Brimmer and Jessica West about a comprehensive and collaborative approach to space governance. Esther is a senior fellow at the US Council on Foreign Relations, a former US assistant secretary of state and an expert in international institutions. Jessica is a CIGI senior fellow and a senior researcher at Project Ploughshares, a Canadian peace and security research institute, where she focuses on technology, security and governance in outer space.
In-Show Clips:
• 00:29:04: Universal Studios: “New Moon. Reds Launch First Space Satellite” (archive.org/details/1957-10-07_New_Moon) (Internet Archive, October 7, 1957)
Mentioned:
• UN Outer Space Treaty: unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties/introouterspacetreaty.html
• International Maritime Organization Polar Code:
imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/polar-code.aspx (imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/polar-code.aspx)
• Geostationary orbit:
wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit (wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit)
• United Arab Emirates future space planning:
space.gov.ae/en/media-center/blogs/2/3/2020/uae-shaping-future-of-earth-observation-satellites-and-space-exploration (http://space.gov.ae/en/media-center/blogs/2/3/2020/uae-shaping-future-of-earth-observation-satellites-and-space-exploration)
• UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space:
unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/copuos/current.html
• Philippine National Statements during the 68th Session of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space:
philsa.gov.ph/news/philippine-national-statements-during-the-68th-session-of-the-united-nations-committee-on-the-peaceful-uses-of-outer-space-un-copuos/ (http://philsa.gov.ph/news/philippine-national-statements-during-the-68th-session-of-the-united-nations-committee-on-the-peaceful-uses-of-outer-space-un-copuos/)
• Canada’s statement to the First Committee of the 79th Session of the United Nations, Thematic Debate: Outer Space:
international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/peace_security-paix_securite/weapon-armes-control-documents/thematic-debat6.aspx?lang=eng (international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/peace_security-paix_securite/weapon-armes-control-documents/thematic-debat6.aspx?lang=eng)
Further Reading:
• Jessica West, CIGI senior fellow and senior researcher at Project Ploughshares. Find her CIGI bio and works here: cigionline.org/people/jessica-west/ (cigionline.org/people/jessica-west/)
• Esther Brimmer, James H. Binger senior fellow in global governance and former assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs. Find her Council on Foreign Relations bio and works here: cfr.org/expert/esther-brimmer (cfr.org/expert/esther-brimmer)
Credits:
Policy Prompt is produced by Vass Bednar and Paul Samson. Our supervising producer is Tim Lewis, with technical production by Henry Daemen and Luke McKee. Show notes are prepared by Lynn Schellenberg, social media engagement by Isabel Neufeld, brand design and episode artwork by Abhilasha Dewan and Sami Chouhdary, with creative direction from Som Tsoi.
Original music by Joshua Snethlage.
Sound mix and mastering by François Goudreault.
Be sure to follow us on social media.
• X: @_policyprompt (https://x.com/_policyprompt)
• IG: @cigionline (instagram.com/cigionline/?hl=en)
Listen to new episodes of Policy Prompt on all major podcast platforms. Questions, comments or suggestions? Reach out to CIGI’s Policy Prompt team at info@policyprompt.io (mailto:info@policyprompt.io)
CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE INNOVATION
Often compared to ocean shipping lanes, Earth’s orbital layers act as channels to almost 14,000 satellites moving at around 7 km/second. These orbital pathways are becoming increasingly congested as a rapidly growing number of commercial actors enter what was once a predominantly state-run domain. Can the 1967 Outer Space Treaty hold up against this space revolution? Can international structures quickly modernize and work together to ensure all players in the space race are committed to a safe and sustainable future?
Join hosts Vass Bednar and Paul Samson as they speak with guests Esther Brimmer and Jessica West about a comprehensive and collaborative approach to space governance. Esther is a senior fellow at the US Council on Foreign Relations, a former US assistant secretary of state and an expert in international institutions. Jessica is a CIGI senior fellow and a senior researcher at Project Ploughshares, a Canadian peace and security research institute, where she focuses on technology, security and governance in outer space.
In-Show Clips:
• 00:29:04: Universal Studios: “New Moon. Reds Launch First Space Satellite” (archive.org/details/1957-10-07_New_Moon) (Internet Archive, October 7, 1957)
Mentioned:
• UN Outer Space Treaty: unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties/introouterspacetreaty.html
• International Maritime Organization Polar Code:
imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/polar-code.aspx (imo.org/en/ourwork/safety/pages/polar-code.aspx)
• Geostationary orbit:
wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit (wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit)
• United Arab Emirates future space planning:
space.gov.ae/en/media-center/blogs/2/3/2020/uae-shaping-future-of-earth-observation-satellites-and-space-exploration (http://space.gov.ae/en/media-center/blogs/2/3/2020/uae-shaping-future-of-earth-observation-satellites-and-space-exploration)
• UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space:
unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/copuos/current.html
• Philippine National Statements during the 68th Session of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space:
philsa.gov.ph/news/philippine-national-statements-during-the-68th-session-of-the-united-nations-committee-on-the-peaceful-uses-of-outer-space-un-copuos/ (http://philsa.gov.ph/news/philippine-national-statements-during-the-68th-session-of-the-united-nations-committee-on-the-peaceful-uses-of-outer-space-un-copuos/)
• Canada’s statement to the First Committee of the 79th Session of the United Nations, Thematic Debate: Outer Space:
international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/peace_security-paix_securite/weapon-armes-control-documents/thematic-debat6.aspx?lang=eng (international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/peace_security-paix_securite/weapon-armes-control-documents/thematic-debat6.aspx?lang=eng)
Further Reading:
• Jessica West, CIGI senior fellow and senior researcher at Project Ploughshares. Find her CIGI bio and works here: cigionline.org/people/jessica-west/ (cigionline.org/people/jessica-west/)
• Esther Brimmer, James H. Binger senior fellow in global governance and former assistant secretary of state for international organization affairs. Find her Council on Foreign Relations bio and works here: cfr.org/expert/esther-brimmer (cfr.org/expert/esther-brimmer)
Credits:
Policy Prompt is produced by Vass Bednar and Paul Samson. Our supervising producer is Tim Lewis, with technical production by Henry Daemen and Luke McKee. Show notes are prepared by Lynn Schellenberg, social media engagement by Isabel Neufeld, brand design and episode artwork by Abhilasha Dewan and Sami Chouhdary, with creative direction from Som Tsoi.
Original music by Joshua Snethlage.
Sound mix and mastering by François Goudreault.
Be sure to follow us on social media.
• X: @_policyprompt (https://x.com/_policyprompt)
• IG: @cigionline (instagram.com/cigionline/?hl=en)
Listen to new episodes of Policy Prompt on all major podcast platforms. Questions, comments or suggestions? Reach out to CIGI’s Policy Prompt team at info@policyprompt.io (mailto:info@policyprompt.io)
CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE INNOVATION
