Uploaded April 2020 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
The Republic of Singapore is a sovereign city-state and island country located in maritime Southeast Asia. Singapore lies about one degree of latitude (137 kilometers or 85 miles) north of the equator, and is situated off the southern tip of the Malay peninsula, and, by extension, the southernmost extremity of continental Eurasia.
Throughout its millennia-long history, Singapore—historically known by the names Pulau Ujong, Temasek, and subsequently Singapura—was a maritime emporium that fell under the suzerainty of several successive Indianised and Islamicate Malay polities: initially a series of ancient to medieval Hindu-Buddhist thalassocracy empires, subsequently a medieval localized Hindu-Buddhist kingdom, and ultimately two medieval to early modern Islamic sultanates.
Singapore is one of the five founding members of ASEAN, is the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat and Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, is a member of the United Nations, World Trade Organization, East Asia Summit, Non-Aligned Movement, and the Commonwealth of Nations, and is a recurrent guest invitee to the annual G20 summit;
Capital Singapore
Official languages
English
Malay
Chinese
Tamil
Recognized national languages Malay
Ethnic groups (2015)
Ethnic composition
Religion (2015)
Religious affiliations
Demonym Singaporean
Government Unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Halimah Yacob
• Prime Minister
Lee Hsien Loong
• Parliament Speaker
Tan Chuan-Jin
• Chief Justice
Sundaresh Menon
Legislature-Parliament
Formation of the modern Republic
• Singapore Treaty
6 February 1819
• Anglo-Dutch Treaty
17 March 1824
• Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
2 August 1824
• Straits Settlements
14 August 1826
• Fall of Singapore
15 February 1942
• Surrender of Japan
2 September 1945
• Crown Colony
1 April 1946
• Self-governance
3 June 1959
• Independence from the United Kingdom
31 August 1963
• Malaysia Agreement
16 September 1963
• Proclamation of Singapore
9 August 1965
• Current constitution
22 December 1965
• ASEAN Declaration
8 August 1967
Area
• Total
725.7 km2 (280.2 sq mi)
Population
• 2018 estimate
Increase 5,638,700
• Density
7,804/km2 (20,212.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $589.187 billion
• Per capita
Increase $105,689
GDP (nominal) 2019 estimate
• Total
Increase $372.807 billion
Currency Singapore dollar (S$) (SGD)
Time zone UTC+8 (Singapore Standard Time)
Mains electricity 230 V–50 Hz
Driving side left
Calling code +65
Internet TLD .sg
Subscribe the channel for more updates.
The Republic of Singapore is a sovereign city-state and island country located in maritime Southeast Asia. Singapore lies about one degree of latitude (137 kilometers or 85 miles) north of the equator, and is situated off the southern tip of the Malay peninsula, and, by extension, the southernmost extremity of continental Eurasia.
Throughout its millennia-long history, Singapore—historically known by the names Pulau Ujong, Temasek, and subsequently Singapura—was a maritime emporium that fell under the suzerainty of several successive Indianised and Islamicate Malay polities: initially a series of ancient to medieval Hindu-Buddhist thalassocracy empires, subsequently a medieval localized Hindu-Buddhist kingdom, and ultimately two medieval to early modern Islamic sultanates.
Singapore is one of the five founding members of ASEAN, is the headquarters of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat and Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC) Secretariat, is a member of the United Nations, World Trade Organization, East Asia Summit, Non-Aligned Movement, and the Commonwealth of Nations, and is a recurrent guest invitee to the annual G20 summit;
Capital Singapore
Official languages
English
Malay
Chinese
Tamil
Recognized national languages Malay
Ethnic groups (2015)
Ethnic composition
Religion (2015)
Religious affiliations
Demonym Singaporean
Government Unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Halimah Yacob
• Prime Minister
Lee Hsien Loong
• Parliament Speaker
Tan Chuan-Jin
• Chief Justice
Sundaresh Menon
Legislature-Parliament
Formation of the modern Republic
• Singapore Treaty
6 February 1819
• Anglo-Dutch Treaty
17 March 1824
• Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
2 August 1824
• Straits Settlements
14 August 1826
• Fall of Singapore
15 February 1942
• Surrender of Japan
2 September 1945
• Crown Colony
1 April 1946
• Self-governance
3 June 1959
• Independence from the United Kingdom
31 August 1963
• Malaysia Agreement
16 September 1963
• Proclamation of Singapore
9 August 1965
• Current constitution
22 December 1965
• ASEAN Declaration
8 August 1967
Area
• Total
725.7 km2 (280.2 sq mi)
Population
• 2018 estimate
Increase 5,638,700
• Density
7,804/km2 (20,212.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $589.187 billion
• Per capita
Increase $105,689
GDP (nominal) 2019 estimate
• Total
Increase $372.807 billion
Currency Singapore dollar (S$) (SGD)
Time zone UTC+8 (Singapore Standard Time)
Mains electricity 230 V–50 Hz
Driving side left
Calling code +65
Internet TLD .sg
Subscribe the channel for more updates.
