Uploaded September 2022 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago

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00:00 Introduction

01:57 How did you get interested in the topic of atonement?

05:59 Retributive vs Non-Retributive punishment

07:23 Retributive punishment: two types

18:07 Non-Retributive punishment

22:57 Penal substitution

55:59 Non-Retributive penal substitution

57:52 Restorative penal substitution

01:11:20 Objections to the Restorative Penal Substitution model

01:30:14 How is it just that Christ was punished even though He was innocent?

Link to Dr. Rutledge's book:
taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780367754778/forgiveness-atonement-jonathan-rutledge

Linke to Dr. Rutledge's website:
jonathanrutledge.com

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