Uploaded September 2021 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
A surveyor’s auto level establishes a local horizontal across a 2,552-foot lake, while benchmarks tied to the water surface provide equal-height reference points on both shores. The experiment quantifies instrument precision, operator uncertainty and atmospheric refraction, then compares the observed vertical offset with the curvature predicted for Earth.
A surveyor’s auto level establishes a local horizontal across a 2,552-foot lake, while benchmarks tied to the water surface provide equal-height reference points on both shores. The experiment quantifies instrument precision, operator uncertainty and atmospheric refraction, then compares the observed vertical offset with the curvature predicted for Earth.










