Uploaded November 2018 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Ahmad ibn Rustah Isfahani, better known as Ibn Rusta was a 10th-century Persian explorer and geographer born in Rosta district, Isfahan, Persia. He wrote a geographical compendium known as Book of Precious Records, based on first hand accounts and his own travels. His information on the non-Islamic peoples of Europe and Inner Asia makes him a useful source for these obscure regions and for the prehistory of the Turks and other steppe peoples.
This is a direct quote from Ibn Rusta, written between 903 and 913.
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Ahmad ibn Rustah Isfahani, better known as Ibn Rusta was a 10th-century Persian explorer and geographer born in Rosta district, Isfahan, Persia. He wrote a geographical compendium known as Book of Precious Records, based on first hand accounts and his own travels. His information on the non-Islamic peoples of Europe and Inner Asia makes him a useful source for these obscure regions and for the prehistory of the Turks and other steppe peoples.
This is a direct quote from Ibn Rusta, written between 903 and 913.
History Time is now a podcast. You can find us on iTunes.
Become a patron for as little as a dollar a month to vote on upcoming videos & help keep the channel going:-
patreon.com/historytimeUK
—Join the History Time community on social media:-
Facebook Page:-
https://www.facebook.com/HistoryTimeO...
Facebook Group:-
https://www.facebook.com/groups/41022...
Instagram:-
https://www.instagram.com/historytime...
Twitter:-
twitter.com/HistoryTimePete
Are you a budding artist, illustrator, cartographer, or music producer? Send me a message! No matter how professional you are or even if you’re just starting out, I can always use new music and images in my videos. Get in touch! I’d love to hear from you.
I try to use copyright free images at all times. However if I have used any of your artwork or maps then please don't hesitate to contact me and I’ll be more than happy to give the appropriate credit.
![Roman Scholar Describes Ancient Africa // Pliny on Source of The Nile and Aethiopia - 1st century AD
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A land containing not only powerful imperial dynasties and massive historical armies, but also tribes of dog-headed men, hungry cannibals and looming giants...
Here we have Pliny The Elders description of the lands south of Egypt - as far south into Ancient Africa as Rome had ventured at the time. Whether searching for the source of the Nile, or in attempts to conquer the ancient Kingdom of Kush, Romes knowledge of the region was surprisingly detailed - and unsurprisingly outlandish.
Translated by John Bostock and HT Riley.
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— Music courtesy of:-
- Epidemic Sound
— Voice actor & editor:-
David Kelly
We try to use copyright free images at all times. However if we have used any of your artwork or maps then please dont hesitate to contact me and we’ll be more than happy to give the appropriate credit.
Thanks to:
Fabrizio Demartis
Dbxsoul [CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)]
Valerian Guillot
Bardo National Museum [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]
Sven-Steffen Arndt [CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)]
Rod Waddington Roman Scholar Describes Ancient Africa // Pliny on Source of The Nile and Aethiopia - 1st century AD](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/YHQt2wOzusw/mqdefault.jpg)




![Three Terrifying First-Hand Accounts of Mongol Invasions // Genghis Khan, Khwarezmia, Baghdad
Here we have three chilling first-hand accounts of Mongol attacks, and the tactics they used when they had a civilization in their grasp.
Huge thanks to Jackmeister: Mongol History for their help in producing this video:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQEYhWVV3V-ItwJE-kgRd9w
Taken from:
Genghis Khan: the history of the world conqueror.
Juvaini, Ata Malik, Boyle, J.A. [translator]
A Literary History of Persia, Edward G Browne
Robert Bedrosian - Armenian Historical Sources (attalus.org)
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— Music courtesy of:-
- Epidemic Sound
— Voice actor & editor:-
David Kelly
We try to use copyright free images at all times. However if we have used any of your artwork or maps then please dont hesitate to contact me and we’ll be more than happy to give the appropriate credit.
Thanks to:
derivative work Bkkbrad / *File:Gengis Khan empire-fr.svg: historicair 17:01, 8 October 2007 (UTC) / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5)
By Stomac - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.0 fr, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11911497
KoizumiBS / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)This map has been uploaded by Electionworld from en.wikipedia.org to enable the Wikimedia Atlas of the World . Original uploader to en.wikipedia.org was Briangotts, known as Briangotts at en.wikipedia.org. Electionworld is not the creator of this map. Licensing information is below
AutorKoizumiBS
By Taisir Mahdi - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=62564761 Three Terrifying First-Hand Accounts of Mongol Invasions // Genghis Khan, Khwarezmia, Baghdad](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ZYtALkrxHl4/mqdefault.jpg)
![Caesar on the Gauls // Roman Primary Source (58 - 49 BC)
Here we have Julius Caesars views on the peoples he crushed in his campaigns to the west through which he made his name - the Gauls. Foreign and backwards to Caesar, modern archaeological evidence has shown that they were actually a city building culture far more advanced than he gave them credit for.
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— Music courtesy of:-
- Epidemic Sound
— Voice actor & editor:-
David Kelly
We try to use copyright free images at all times. However if we have used any of your artwork or maps then please dont hesitate to contact me and we’ll be more than happy to give the appropriate credit.
Thanks to:
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Caesar/Gallic_War/home.html
William R. Shepherd; William Shepherd
By User:Feitscherg - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42753
Siren-Com [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)]
Alyssa Bivins [CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]
Caesar_campaigns_gaul-fr.svg: historicair 14:51, 8 July 2007 (UTC)
derivative work: Sémhur (talk) Caesar on the Gauls // Roman Primary Source (58 - 49 BC)](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ZdXRnLHL65k/mqdefault.jpg)



![5 Bizarre Accounts From History of UFO Sightings (74 BC - 1896) // Primary Sources
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Extracts taken from:
Plutarch on Lucullus
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0046
Illustrated news notice of Nuremberg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1561_celestial_phenomenon_over_Nuremberg
History of New England by John Winthrop
https://archive.org/details/winthropsjourna05hosmgoog
Toen shōsetsu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utsuro-bune
The San Francisco call. [volume], November 22, 1896, Page 13, Image 13
https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1896-11-22/ed-1/seq-13/
Art by Bilalerlangga.
Music from Epidemic Sound and Artlist
Stock footage from Videoblocks
Image Credits:
Skull By Wapondaponda - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6944772
00:00 74 BC The Mithridatic Wars
02:02 1561 Nuremberg
04:30 1639 Massachusetts
05:26 1803 Edo Japan
09:08 1896 Oakland, California 5 Bizarre Accounts From History of UFO Sightings (74 BC - 1896) // Primary Sources](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/_PaQmnq_nAc/mqdefault.jpg)