Uploaded December 2015 | Updated September 2026, 4 hours ago

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In this episode, we trace the history of the evolutionist explanations of Neanderthal Man. Supposedly a human ancestor, then an offshoot, and now the same species as modern humans.

References:

Creationist Arguments
icr.org/article/neanderthals-are-still-human
answersingenesis.org/human-evolution/neanderthal/those-enigmatic-neanderthals
creation.com/neandertal-genome-like-ours
creationwiki.org/Neanderthal
500questions.wordpress.com/2011/10/20/23-why-doesnt-the-bible-mention-neanderthals

Engis Finds
nespos.org/display/PublicNesposSpace/Engis+3+-+individuum+En
gis+2

Gibraltar Skull
nature.com/nature/journal/v120/n3028/pdf/120710a0.pdf

Neanderthal 1
boneandstone.com/articles_classics/king_1864.pdf

La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neandertal
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3904471

Shanidar 1
T. D. Stewart, The Restored Shanidar I Skull, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1958, pp. 473-480, 1959

Morphology of Neanderthals
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9850627

William King's Classification
boneandstone.com/articles_classics/king_1864.pdf

MTDNA Comparison Between Homo Sapiens Sapiens and Neanderthals
nature.com/nature/journal/v404/n6777/full/404490a0.html

Nuclear DNA Comparison Between Homo Sapiens Sapiens and Neanderthals
sciencemag.org/content/328/5979/710.full

Mitochondria
nature.com/nature/journal/v426/n6963/full/426127a.html

Maternal Inheritence of Mitochondria
nature.com/nature/journal/v402/n6760/abs/402371a0.html

Paternal Limitations on Mitochondrial Inheritence
nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020350

Mitochondrial Mutation Rate
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC383514

Calculations for the Common Female Ancestor
pnas.org/content/78/4/2432 qabalaHCTMRS