Uploaded October 2025 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
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Sources:
Basil, Papas N. “The Unseen Athonites and the Battle for Macedonia.” Pemptousia, November 23, 2015.
Clark, Christopher. The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914. London: Penguin Books, 2013.
Erickson, Edward J. Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.
Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: A History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1923. New York: Basic Books, 2006.
Fotakis, Zisis. Greek Naval Strategy and Policy, 1910–1919. London: Routledge, 2005.
Hall, Richard C. The Balkan Wars 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2002.
Howard, Douglas A. A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Kemal, Mustafa. Conversation with Officers and Commanders. Originally published 1918; republished 2017.
McMeekin, Sean. The Ottoman Endgame. London: Penguin, 2015.
Üngör, Uğur Ümit. “Mass Violence Against Civilians During the Balkan Wars.” In The Wars Before the Great War, edited by William Mulligan, Andreas Rose, and Dominik Geppert, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Zafirov, D., and E. Alexandrov. 2007. History of the Bulgarians: Military History. Sofia: Trud.
Armchair Team Credits:
docs.google.com/document/d/1sYjrtdKP67bvEH4UWOv-24_dwJGxZ395ZuczyKOUFNw/edit?usp=sharing
Thank you to Merlin AI for sponsoring this video. If you need an AI-powered tool for your projects and want access to multiple models at a fraction of the cost, use our link and enter code AH5 at checkout to sign up for Merlin AI today before this discount disappears! getmerlin.in/pricing
Sign up for Armchair History TV today! armchairhistory.tv/supporters/videos
Merchandise available at armchairhistory.tv/collections/all
Android App: play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fourthwall.wla.armchairhistory
IOS App: apps.apple.com/us/app/armchair-history-tv/id6471108801
Wishlist our next video game! store.steampowered.com/app/2878450/Master_of_Command_Seven_Years_War
Discord: discord.gg/thearmchairhistorian
Twitter: twitter.com/ArmchairHist
Instagram: instagram.com/armchairhistorianshow
Sources:
Basil, Papas N. “The Unseen Athonites and the Battle for Macedonia.” Pemptousia, November 23, 2015.
Clark, Christopher. The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914. London: Penguin Books, 2013.
Erickson, Edward J. Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.
Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: A History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1923. New York: Basic Books, 2006.
Fotakis, Zisis. Greek Naval Strategy and Policy, 1910–1919. London: Routledge, 2005.
Hall, Richard C. The Balkan Wars 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2002.
Howard, Douglas A. A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Kemal, Mustafa. Conversation with Officers and Commanders. Originally published 1918; republished 2017.
McMeekin, Sean. The Ottoman Endgame. London: Penguin, 2015.
Üngör, Uğur Ümit. “Mass Violence Against Civilians During the Balkan Wars.” In The Wars Before the Great War, edited by William Mulligan, Andreas Rose, and Dominik Geppert, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Zafirov, D., and E. Alexandrov. 2007. History of the Bulgarians: Military History. Sofia: Trud.
Armchair Team Credits:
docs.google.com/document/d/1sYjrtdKP67bvEH4UWOv-24_dwJGxZ395ZuczyKOUFNw/edit?usp=sharing
