Uploaded September 2020 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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Totient of p^a: youtu.be/NgZ33qr5WHM?t=210
Product formula: youtu.be/qpYqvNBQZ4g

Euler's totient function involves counting how many numbers are coprime to n. In fact, we can calculate this value directly as long as we know the prime factors! This makes many theorems in number theory much more useful.

Modular Arithmetic playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLug5ZIRrShJHPX-OyMNLLCQfKXchdZKpE

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Music: OcularNebula - The Lopez