Uploaded December 2017 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
How can we get the maximum thrust from a nozzle? What exit pressure condition needs to met? In this video, we will go through a quick derivation showing that the ideal operating condition for a nozzle is when the exit pressure (at the exit plane of the nozzle) is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere that the nozzle is expanding into (also called the back pressure).
This result is pretty interesting when doing some quick back-of-the-envelope calculations about different rocket nozzles, because we can deduce what their optimum operating altitude is. In one of my future videos, I'll be going through how to find the ideal operating altitude of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (RS-25).
===== RELEVANT BLOG POSTS =====
→ Turbojet Thrust Equation
joshtheengineer.com/2017/04/08/turbojet-thrust-equation
→ Quasi-1D Mass Conservation in Differential Form
joshtheengineer.com/2017/02/26/differential-form-quasi-1d-mass-conservation
===== RELEVANT VIDEOS =====
→ Converging-Diverging Nozzles
goo.gl/sqj2qu
→ Sonic State (Critical, Star)
goo.gl/qsDv3Y
→ Turbojet Thrust Equation Derivation
goo.gl/434UST
===== REFERENCES =====
►Gas Dynamics, Volume 1, Zucrow and Hoffman, ISBN-10: 047198440X
How can we get the maximum thrust from a nozzle? What exit pressure condition needs to met? In this video, we will go through a quick derivation showing that the ideal operating condition for a nozzle is when the exit pressure (at the exit plane of the nozzle) is equal to the pressure of the atmosphere that the nozzle is expanding into (also called the back pressure).
This result is pretty interesting when doing some quick back-of-the-envelope calculations about different rocket nozzles, because we can deduce what their optimum operating altitude is. In one of my future videos, I'll be going through how to find the ideal operating altitude of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (RS-25).
===== RELEVANT BLOG POSTS =====
→ Turbojet Thrust Equation
joshtheengineer.com/2017/04/08/turbojet-thrust-equation
→ Quasi-1D Mass Conservation in Differential Form
joshtheengineer.com/2017/02/26/differential-form-quasi-1d-mass-conservation
===== RELEVANT VIDEOS =====
→ Converging-Diverging Nozzles
goo.gl/sqj2qu
→ Sonic State (Critical, Star)
goo.gl/qsDv3Y
→ Turbojet Thrust Equation Derivation
goo.gl/434UST
===== REFERENCES =====
►Gas Dynamics, Volume 1, Zucrow and Hoffman, ISBN-10: 047198440X

![Explained: Angle of Attack [Airplanes]
The angle of attack (AoA) is one of the most important parameters when studying how planes fly. By definition, it is the angle between some reference line of the plane (in our case the chord line of the wing) and the relative wind. The AoA will be vital when talking about lift curves and how wings generate lift.
Chord Line: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eh5W61iswSY Explained: Angle of Attack [Airplanes]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Fm2Az-PgPUU/mqdefault.jpg)




![Explained: Edit Text Box GUI [MATLAB]
Edit text boxes can be used to input numbers or strings in your GUI. This video explains how create an edit text box and retrieve both string data and double data from it. Explained: Edit Text Box GUI [MATLAB]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/GfsClzG-fls/mqdefault.jpg)
![How To: Find Mach Number from a Picture (Part 2)
Want to look at a picture of a bullet/plane/etc. and be able to approximate the Mach number? In the previous video on this topic (linked to below), I showed three different methods of approximating the Mach number from angles measured in a Schlieren image.
https://goo.gl/50saau
When using the Taylor-Maccoll code, I used the shock wave angle and the Mach number guess as inputs to return a cone angle. The cone angle was then compared to the cone angle measured in GIMP using the Measure Tool. In this video, Ive updated the code so that it plots a contour plot of the Mach number (cone plotted in black). I am able to overlay that image onto the actual Schlieren image, adjust the opacity of the overlay, and compare the solution from Taylor-Maccoll theory to the actual shock seen in testing.
Photo Credit:
By NASA Glenn Research Center [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons How To: Find Mach Number from a Picture (Part 2)](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/H25svaGf9-Y/mqdefault.jpg)

![Explained: Assumptions for Axisymmetric Conical Flow [Taylor-Maccoll]
Its extremely important to understand the assumptions used to derive an equation. This video goes over the assumptions we will be using for the Taylor-Maccoll conical flow problem, and the impact each assumption will have later on in the derivation. Explained: Assumptions for Axisymmetric Conical Flow [Taylor-Maccoll]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/HIDeIZO0z-8/mqdefault.jpg)
