Uploaded March 2025 | Updated September 2026, 1 day ago

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Epictetus was a Greek stoic philosopher of 1st and early 2nd centuries C.E., and an exponent of Stoic ethics notable for the consistency and power of his ethical thought and for effective methods of teaching. Epictetus’s chief concerns are with integrity, self-management, and personal freedom.

“All philosophy lies in two words, sustain and abstain.”

Performed by Peter Baker

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