Uploaded July 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Grand Canyon is one of the few places on Earth where nearly **1 billion years of Earth's history** is exposed in towering rock layers. While our planet is about **4.5 billion years old**, most of that ancient record has been erased by erosion, mountain building, and plate tectonics.
In this video, we'll travel back through deep time to explore what this region looked like during the **Rodinia supercontinent**, when shallow seas covered the land that would eventually become the Grand Canyon. Discover how continents drifted, oceans advanced and retreated, and layer upon layer of rock preserved an extraordinary record of Earth's changing environments.
If you want to witness almost a billion years of geological history in one place, the Grand Canyon is one of the best natural archives on our planet.
Grand Canyon is one of the few places on Earth where nearly **1 billion years of Earth's history** is exposed in towering rock layers. While our planet is about **4.5 billion years old**, most of that ancient record has been erased by erosion, mountain building, and plate tectonics.
In this video, we'll travel back through deep time to explore what this region looked like during the **Rodinia supercontinent**, when shallow seas covered the land that would eventually become the Grand Canyon. Discover how continents drifted, oceans advanced and retreated, and layer upon layer of rock preserved an extraordinary record of Earth's changing environments.
If you want to witness almost a billion years of geological history in one place, the Grand Canyon is one of the best natural archives on our planet.










![Weapon manufacturers and Artemis II | Mr. Universe
When Space Exploration Meets World Events…
Excitement is building for humanity’s return to the Moon with Artemis II.
But global conflicts and headlines cast a long shadow over that excitement.
00:00 Introduction
01:17 Artemis II: Back to the Moon!
08:37 Opposition to the Vietnam War during the Apollo Program
10:26 Weapons to destroy Universities and Schools in Iran
18:31 Can Artemis Astronauts speak against War?
How do we hold on to the inspiration of space exploration while living through deeply troubling times on Earth?
🎙️ In This Episode:
Monte and Salman reflect on the anticipation around NASA’s Artemis II and discuss the uncomfortable parallels with the 1960s, when the wonder of the Apollo program unfolded against the backdrop of the Vietnam War.
They explore how public emotion, ethics, and hope intersect with major space milestones, and ask:
Can space exploration still inspire us during morally complex times?
🌍 Why This Matters:
Space programs do not exist in isolation. They are shaped by politics, economics, and history.
Yet, missions to the Moon have often served as symbols of human possibility, reminders that cooperation, curiosity, and long-term vision can exist even when the world feels fractured.
This episode explores how to reconcile discomfort with hope.
🧠 What You’ll Learn:
🌕 What Artemis II aims to achieve
🕰️ Historical parallels between Artemis and the Apollo program era
🧭 How public opinion shaped reactions to space missions in the past
⚖️ The ethical tension between inspiration and world events
✨ Why space exploration can still offer perspective and cautious hope
🌍 Perfect For:
🚀 Space enthusiasts following the Artemis missions
🎓 Students of history, politics, and science
🌌 Viewers seeking thoughtful, balanced discussions
🧑🏫 Educators connecting science with real-world context
📺 Urdu + English audiences looking for reflective edutainment
Also airing on The Fabulous 413 (NPR/NEPM)
https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1155727495/the-fabulous-413
🔔 Join the Conversation
If you value thoughtful conversations about astronomy, humanity, and perspective, subscribe to Mr. Universe.
📚 References & Related Media:
1. https://quincyinst.org/research/profits-of-war-top-beneficiaries-of-pentagon-spending-2020-2024/#h-top-contractors-and-new-military-tech
Source: Quincy Brief #79, Profits of War: Top Beneficiaries of Pentagon Spending, 2020 – 2024, William D. Hartung and Stephen Semler, July 8, 2025]
2. https://responsiblestatecraft.org/iran-war-weapons-stocks/
Source: Weapons makers cash in on Trumps Iran war Responsible Statecraft, Ben Freeman and Janet Abou-Elias Mar, 03, 2026]
3. Lisa Grossman Article:
On Moonshots and Minneapolis
4. NYT Article:
Who Made the Artemis Rocket and Space Capsule?
5. Abarnathy led protest before the Launch of Apollo 11:
https://www.history.com/articles/apollo-11-moon-landing-launch-protests
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Salman Hameed has a PhD in astronomy and is Charles Taylor Chair and Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, and a member of the Five College Astronomy Department (FCAD) in Massachusetts, USA. He is also the CEO of the non-profit Kainaat Studios
Credits:
Hosts: Monte Belmonte & Salman Hameed
Editor: Shehryar Shaikh
Music: Gates of Gagashah by Zohaib Kazi
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Thank you to all our other monthly donors as well!
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