Uploaded November 2023 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
These are early computer simulations of merging severe thunderstorms in Central Oklahoma on May 20, 1977, produced using supercomputer modeling of numerical data sets from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Atmospheric Science Department.
The simulations were in part pulled from datasets gathered during the extremely active "seven days in May" of 1977 across Oklahoma and Texas.
Preserved from an aging 3/4" videotape copy direct from the computer output at NCAR.
Source: Dr. Louis Wicker, NSSL.
These are early computer simulations of merging severe thunderstorms in Central Oklahoma on May 20, 1977, produced using supercomputer modeling of numerical data sets from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Atmospheric Science Department.
The simulations were in part pulled from datasets gathered during the extremely active "seven days in May" of 1977 across Oklahoma and Texas.
Preserved from an aging 3/4" videotape copy direct from the computer output at NCAR.
Source: Dr. Louis Wicker, NSSL.

![Friona to Dimmitt, Texas Tornadoes, June 2, 1995
The first week of June 1995 was a very active one for NOAA research Project VORTEX-95 [VORTEX 1: Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes EXperiment] which kicked off with this tornado event between Friona and Dimmitt, Texas on June 2, 1995. This unedited videotape was recorded by Probe 1 meteorologists, including Bill Gargan and Bob Davies-Jones, as the events unfolded.
The Dimmitt, Texas tornado was historically noteworthy as for the first time, high resolution volumetric radar scans from the prototype Doppler on Wheels mobile radar of a significant tornado in progress were obtained. A full paper on the study can be read here: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/mwre/128/7/1520-0493_2000_128_2135_frootd_2.0.co_2.xml
Edited versions of this tornado video sequence, one of the more dramatic from the June 2-9, 1995 Plains tornado activity, were used by numerous broadcast television, cable and documentary media outlets in the mid-1990s and years to follow. Several other angles of the Dimmitt tornado were recorded, with this being the most close range of the batch.
An excellent detailed write up of the VORTEX chase day by Bill Gargan from 2008 can still be accessed here: https://www.weather.gov/media/top/newsletter/news0508.pdf
Remastered from a Hi8 to VHS videotape copy.
© 1995 NOAA. Video by Bill Gargan, Bob Davies-Jones and the VORTEX Probe 1 crew. Friona to Dimmitt, Texas Tornadoes, June 2, 1995](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/OiAWsRc2zeE/mqdefault.jpg)

![Matt Biddles MODERATE RISK Chase Highlights | 1994-1995-1996
Matt Biddles MODERATE RISK Chase Highlights | 1994-1995-1996: In the spirit of Hollywood summer blockbusters that involve storm chasers, tornadoes and severe weather both past and present, this original storm chase video highlight production came about a few months after the 1996 action adventure film Twister was in the mainstream.
Produced and conceived mostly by Matt Biddle and Charles Edwards, both participants with the NOAA Project VORTEX field projects in 1994 and 1996, combined with the assistance of many other friends and organizations, MODERATE RISK is a fun, intentionally low-budget storm chase highlight video that was traded and sold in very small numbers via Matt Biddles now defunct MODERATE RISK homepage. It incorporates on-camera opinions and original interviews with Matt and Charles, along with a running 1996 Twister Parody. Matt along with Mark Herndon [also featured reading to his young son] were also hired on as uncredited professional storm chasers that aided the Twister production. Actor Cary Elwes even managed to get in a few actual storm treks with Matt and Mark, despite the overwhelming discouragement of the director, however those moments are not part of this production.
MODERATE RISK and Some Fear [a play on the popular No Fear t-shirts of the 1990s era] were fun brands that Biddle created including t-shirts, bumper stickers, iron on logos, hats and a few annual video productions on VHS or SVHS videotape. This one was one of the better attempts and combines several top tornado intercepts during Project VORTEX 1994-95, along with a Doppler On Wheels intercept of Hurricane Fran [near Wilmington] that made landfall at Cape Fear, North Carolina.While the VHS tape copy has degraded in parts, its still enjoyable to watch. Most viewers of this channel will recognize the close-range June 8, 1995 Allison, Texas VORTEX Probe 3 tornado encounter, of which was a direct inspiration for the big wedge tornado at the end of Twister [1996]. Storm chaser highlight videotapes on a grand scale from the 1990s often had a lot of creativity and video editing experimentation mixed in. This fun and eccentric video is a classic example. Its entirely edited linear style, deck to deck and comes from a second generation VHS tape copy.
Dr. Matt Biddle, originally from the Toledo, Ohio area, was a scientist and storm chaser who earned his PhD in geography with a specialization in natural hazards and specifically tornado ecology. Despite many health setbacks through his life, he was always a very determined, friendly, knowledgable and often highly opinionated individual. He loved the Red Wings! Along with assisting the production of Twister he also aided Tom and Doris Grazulis and The Tornado Project with their Tornado Video Classics III production in 1995 along with other mainstream US and international weather video productions. He passed away on April 10, 2018.
An excellent tribute to Matt about his life written by Dr. Chuck Doswell can be read here: http://cadiiitalk.blogspot.com/2018/04/a-tribute-to-matt-biddle-my-friend-and.html
Matts original video productions and raw material from VORTEX 1994-1995 are preserved along with other items from his MODERATE RISK storm chaser website era at Texas Tech University within the Southwest Special Collections Library in Lubbock, Texas.
Video produced and edited by Matt Biddle and friends. ©1996, All Rights Reserved.
Enjoy! Matt Biddles MODERATE RISK Chase Highlights | 1994-1995-1996](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/PJMvf36DeQE/mqdefault.jpg)
![April 30, 1967 Southern Minnesota Tornadoes
Late April into early May in the Midwest was extremely active for tornadoes. April 30, 1967 in Northern Iowa and Southern Minnesota was yet another significant tornado outbreak occurrence only a week after a separate devastating outbreak transpired over Northern Illinois into West Michigan.
This Universal Newsreel chronicles only a small portion of the aftermath by the April 30, 1967 tornado outbreak. A gross over-estimate of tornado windspeed [i.e. 500 miles per hour] common to this era is mentioned by the narrator.
An excellent retrospective of the events on this day can be accessed here: https://www.weather.gov/media/mpx/April30-1967-MN-Tornadoes.pdf
Film © Universal Newsreel, 1967. April 30, 1967 Southern Minnesota Tornadoes](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/PsIAOwj1MR4/mqdefault.jpg)

![Tornado Life Cycle at Perrin AFB, Texas, April 18, 1957
This color 16mm film taken by airman Jon Gardey on Perrin Air Force Base in North Texas on April 19, 1957 documents a near-complete life cycle of a tornado and was one of the earliest films to showcase such. Other tornado life cycles also documented on film at Dallas and Fargo, North Dakota in 1957 aided early understanding on tornado development, but was not formally published into scientific literature until the Union City, Oklahoma tornado of May 23, 1973.
Despite the high quality [for the era] documentation of this tornado, it is not listed in any official NOAA/NWS database. The film would be repurposed in dozens of educational films and documentary programs about tornadoes for the next four decades of the 20th century.
16mm film to video, color, silent.
Photographer: Jon Gardey, Perrin AFB, Texas.
Additional history on Perrin Air Force Base can be located here:
http://northtexasregionalairport.com/history-perrin-afb/ Tornado Life Cycle at Perrin AFB, Texas, April 18, 1957](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/QBb3_Fa19YM/mqdefault.jpg)

![Tornado: Another Look, 1980 KTWU
This local public television program by KTWU 11 in Topeka, Kansas from 1980 presented some early scenes of the NSSL research Doppler radar in Norman, Oklahoma, along with topics about spotter training, the tornado warning dissemination process [of the 1970s] and disaster psychology. Intermixed is assorted tornado film clips frequently utilized in news programs and documentaries. Interviews with notable tornado forecasters and research meteorologists of the time, Fred Ostby and Les Lemon are also featured. Remastered from a 3/4 videotape and presented for historical posterity.
Video © 1980 KTVU. Tornado: Another Look, 1980 KTWU](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/QdCBIcC97NA/mqdefault.jpg)

