Uploaded November 2020 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago

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The bible acknowledges multiple Gods, but for centuries apologists have tried to explain this fact away. Let's take a look at the evidence, shall we?



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Sources:


N. Wyatt, “The Seventy Sons of Athirat,” in Robert Rezetko, Timothy Lim, and W. Brian Aucker (eds), Reflection and Refraction (Leiden: Brill, 2007), pp. 547-556
Mark S. Smith, The Early History of God, 2nd Edition (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001), pp. 32-33
Emmanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Third Edition (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012), p. 248-249
David Frankel, “El as the Speaking Voice in Psalm 82:6-8,” Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 10 (2010), online journal, p. 4, jhsonline.org/Articles/article_144.pdf
Heath Dewrell, Review: “Ellen White, Yahweh’s Council: Its Structure and Membership. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014. Pp. xv + 223,” Biblical Interpretation 24 (2016), pp. 118-120
Min Suc Kee, “The Heavenly Council and its Type-Scene,” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 31.3 (2007), 259-273
David Tsumura, Creation and Destruction: A Reappraisal of the Chaoskampf Theory in the Old Testament (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2005)
charlotteawake.com/talkingnotes/isaiah/handouts/God_and_Leviathan_in_Isaiah_27_1_Day.pdf