Do your own Gamma Spectroscopy with the Radiacode 103 @NurdRage

NurdRage | Do your own Gamma Spectroscopy with the Radiacode 103 @NurdRage | Uploaded 7 months ago | Updated 2 minutes ago
Buy the RadiaCode here: 102.radiacode.com/NurdRage

In this video we review the radiacode 103, a handheld gamma ray spectrometer. We also as explore basic aspects of gamma ray spectroscopy.

Geiger counters measure radiation, and they're easy to buy online. But all they do is measure how much radiation there is. The Radiacode is a gamma spectrometer and can measure the energy of each individual gamma photon hitting it. When plotted on a histogram this gives a spectrum of gamma ray energy. This is tremendously useful because each radioisotope has a characteristic gamma ray spectrum that can be used to identify it.

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$Make Alkyl Halides Bromoethane and Bromohexane In this video we make the alkyl halides bromoethane and bromohexane by nucleophilic substitution of alcohol under acidic conditions. the highest yielding method is to use alcohol with hydrobromic acid and sulfuric acid. To make bromoethane 350g of 48% hydrobromic acid, 120mL of ethanol and 145mL of sulfuric acid were combined in a flask cooled in ice with plenty of time between additions to allow full cooling. The mixture was then gently heated to 40 degrees Celsius and slowly ramped to 70 Celsius to distill off the bromoethane that forms. Whats happening is the classic Sn2 nucleophilic substitution reaction taught in basic organic chemistry. The alcohol is protonated by the acid conditions and essentially forms water still attached to the carbon backbone. Bromide ions come in and attack the carbon and the water leaves. This forms bromoethane. The bromohexane is washed with water and 5% sodium bicarbonate solutions before being dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Bromohexane is made in a similar fashion. 1 mole of 1-hexanol is mixed with 1.5 moles of sodium bromide and 2 moles of sulfuric acid. the mixture is refluxed for six hours and the bromohexane is recovered using a separatory funnel. it is then distilled and washed. Then fractionally distilled to remove water. Related videos: Make hydrobromic acid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3n4Xqfb9qk Make Chloroform: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvkuqLxQd2c Make chlororobenzyl chloride: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DQuv6LjB80 Donate to NurdRage! Through Patreon (preferred): https://www.patreon.com/NurdRage Through Bitcoin: 1NurdRAge7PNR4ULrbrpcYvc9RC4LDp9pS Glassware generously provided by http://www.alchemylabsupply.com/ Use the discount code nurdrage for a 5% discount. Social media links: Twitter: https://twitter.com/NurdRage Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NurdRageYoutube/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nurdrageyoutube/$

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