Bash #5 - calculating with arithmetic operations & numbers (integers) @itvraag

itvraag In this video we cover doing simple math/calculations in bash using integers (whole numbers) and variables. Variables were covered in the previous video. We use mostly brackets for calculations, due it's simplicity, but you can also use other commands like, let, bc, declare, printf and awk.
#terminal #bash #bashscripting #linux
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:16 bash challenge #2 answer
0:53 bash commands for calculation
1:23 using brackets
2:06 math with variables
2:47 increment or decrement
3:15 calculate with multiple variables
3:35 calculate using let command
3:44 calculate date
4:09 bash challenge #3

Relevant videos:
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used links and commands:
echo $((2+2))
echo $((4-11))
echo $((3*2))
echo $((18/3))
echo $((1/3))
echo $((2/3))
echo $(( (8*2) / (5-1) ))
x=22
((x++))
echo $((x--))
((x/=2))
echo $((x=44,x/=4))
x=$((x+2))
x=22;y=3
((a=x*y,b=a+11))
echo $x $y $a $b
echo $((x=22,y=3,a=x*y,b=a+11))
newDate=$(date -d "+10 days")
echo $newDate

Arithmetic Operator Description
*, /, % multiplication, division, remainder
+, - addition, subtraction
id++, id– post-increment & -decrement
++id, –id pre-increment & -decrement
==, != equality, inequality
& AND
| OR
&& logical AND
|| logical OR

updated 4 years ago

Bash #5 - calculating with arithmetic operations & numbers (integers)

itvraag 2022-01-27 | In this video we cover doing simple math/calculations in bash using integers (whole numbers) and variables. Variables were covered in the previous video. We use mostly brackets for calculations, due it's simplicity, but you can also use other commands like, let, bc, declare, printf and awk.
#terminal #bash #bashscripting #linux
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:16 bash challenge #2 answer
0:53 bash commands for calculation
1:23 using brackets
2:06 math with variables
2:47 increment or decrement
3:15 calculate with multiple variables
3:35 calculate using let command
3:44 calculate date
4:09 bash challenge #3

Relevant videos:
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used links and commands:
echo $((2+2))
echo $((4-11))
echo $((3*2))
echo $((18/3))
echo $((1/3))
echo $((2/3))
echo $(( (8*2) / (5-1) ))
x=22
((x++))
echo $((x--))
((x/=2))
echo $((x=44,x/=4))
x=$((x+2))
x=22;y=3
((a=x*y,b=a+11))
echo $x $y $a $b
echo $((x=22,y=3,a=x*y,b=a+11))
newDate=$(date -d "+10 days")
echo $newDate

Arithmetic Operator Description
*, /, % multiplication, division, remainder
+, - addition, subtraction
id++, id– post-increment & -decrement
++id, –id pre-increment & -decrement
==, != equality, inequality
& AND
| OR
&& logical AND
|| logical OR

8 Unknown Emotions, Future AI Might Feel (According To GPT4)

itvraag 2023-06-09 | #chatgpt #artificialintelligence #gpt4
https://itvraag.nl
Imagine a future where advanced artificial intelligence (AI) could have unique 'emotional' experiences. These aren't like human feelings, but special states that might change how AI works with data, solves problems, or connects with other AIs. This idea opens exciting new doors for understanding and shaping AI technology in the future.

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:54 Naming The Emotions
1:14 Polymotional State
3:16 Reflective Echoes
5:08 Chronosensations
5:58 Informotion
7:31 Syntharmony
9:03 Algostalgia
9:28 Neuralpeace
9:51 Optimerror
10:13 Ending

Permanent PowerShell aliases with parameters #shorts

itvraag 2022-07-08 | How easy is it to create aliases in PowerShell to make live more easy!
#shorts #powershell #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Watch the full video: youtu.be/DuV7Erpr6yw

Used commands:
alias
alias | findstr -i ls
$profile
cd documents
ls
New-Item $profile -force -itemtype file
new-alias -name np -value notepad
Function Rocky1 {docker start 21a800ae6193; docker exec -it --user itvraag -w /home/itvraag 21a800ae6193 bash}
Set-Alias -Name Ro1 -Value Rocky1

Disk information in ubuntu - du, df, duf #shorts

itvraag 2022-07-06 | Short video about new package in Ubuntu to display disk information in a more friendly way!
#shorts #ubuntu
https://itvraag.nl

Related video:
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0

Used commands:
du
df -h
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
apt search duf
apt show duf
sudo apt install duf
duf
duf --all
duf --help
man duf

No scalpers when buying PS5 directly from Sony! #shorts

itvraag 2022-07-04 | It's a lot easier to buy a PS5 directly from Sony and you don't need to worry about scalpers! Here is the sign up link:
playstation.com/en-us/ps5/register-to-buy
Watch the full video here: youtu.be/j3GckLZvZEU
#shorts #ps5 #sony
https://itvraag.nl

WSL2 Ubuntu - fixing failed to fetch #shorts

itvraag 2022-07-01 | In this #shorts video you'll see how to fix the issue on WSL2 with Ubuntu, when you can't update your repo when running apt update and get the error 'failed to fetch'.
#shorts #windows11 #terminal

WSL2: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs

Used commands:
sudo apt update
sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf
sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf
sudo apt install tree

Network #2 - Ports (incoming, outgoing, exhaustion, protocolos, telnet, nmap, netstat, ss)

itvraag 2022-06-18 | In this video we'll cover what network ports are. What does incoming and outgoing traffic mean. Different commands to view the port configuration. What happens during port exhaustion. Basics about TCP/UDP protocols and port security.
#network #tcp
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:24 Network ports basics
0:55 Network ports advantages
1:31 Network port types
1:53 Well-known ports
2:22 Registered ports
2:44 Defined ports
2:56 Dynamic ports
3:34 Incoming/Outgoing traffic
4:07 Inbound traffic
4:38 Outbound traffic
4:55 Port examples
6:33 Reassigning ports
7:28 Network port security
7:49 Telnet
8:22 Netstat / SS
9:33 Port Exhaustion
9:58 Port Protocols: TCP/UDP
10:42 nmap
11:30 /etc/services
12:02 Firewall rules

Related video:
Network #1 - Ping everything: youtu.be/wRDgFFrmdJo
Vagrant - SSH timeout fix: youtu.be/k5ZE2UMFzqg
APT Package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
DNF Package manager: youtu.be/T5QMnvHie0M
WSL2: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs

Used links:
networkencyclopedia.com/well-known-port-numbers

Used commands:
telnet localhost 22
netstat -an
netstat -an | findstr 443
sudo apt install nmap
nmap -Pn localhost

Bypass the Scalpers and Buy Your PS5 Directly from Sony

itvraag 2022-06-11 | Sign up for a PS5 event and you'll receive an email with the invitation. From my experience Sony has eliminated the problem with scalpers and this way you can buy a PS5.
playstation.com/en-us/ps5/register-to-buy
#ps5 #sony
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 intro
0:22 sign up for PS5
0:39 email invite by Sony for PS5 event
0:51 rules for PS5 event
1:54 preparing for PS5 event/purchase
2:59 purchasing a PS5 directly from Sony
3:55 PS5 event payment options
4:33 PS5 delivery

Puppet #5 - Install Puppet server open source v7 & three clients in GCP

itvraag 2022-06-04 | In this video we'll install four VMs in GCP and configure them as a lab for Puppet training videos. Puppet server opensource v.7 will run on a Rocky Linux, one client runs also on Rocky Linux, one client on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS and the third client on Windows Server 2022 Data Center.
#puppet #rockylinux #ubuntu #windowsserver2022 #gcp #automation
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:40 GCP VM overview
1:11 Setting up four VMs in GCP
2:25 GCP Internal ephemeral IP
2:50 Remote Access GCP VMs
3:27 Create new SSH key
3:48 SSH into GCP VM
4:03 RDP into GCP VM Windows Server 2022
4:55 GCP Default Firewall
5:50 Puppet Enterprise requirements
6:10 Installing Puppet Server Opensource v.7
6:34 Enable puppet repo & install
6:50 Reduce puppet memory allocation
7:13 Enable & start puppet service
7:29 Puppet environment variables
8:04 Adding IP & hostnames to /etc/hosts
9:03 Installing puppet client Rocky Linux
10:03 Client1 Rocky, create SSL certificate
10:35 Puppet server, sign certificate client1
11:06 Installing puppet client2 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
12:35 Installing puppet client3 Windows Server 2022
13:02 Installing puppet agent on Windows
13:28 Adding IP/hostnames to Windows Server
13:55 Start puppet from Windows CLI

Related video:
Ping command & troubleshooting: youtu.be/wRDgFFrmdJo
Install Rocky Linux in GCP: youtu.be/fO6ZDH-bxSY
DNF package manager: youtu.be/T5QMnvHie0M
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Vim basics: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0

Used commands:
ssh-keygen -t ed25519
cat id_ed25519.pub

# installing puppet server on Rocky
sudo su -
rpm -Uvh yum.puppet.com/puppet7-release-el-8.noarch.rpm
dnf install -y puppetserver
vim /etc/sysconfig/puppetserver
sed -i 's/Xms2g/Xms512m/' /etc/sysconfig/puppetserver
sed -i 's/Xmx2g/Xmx512m/' /etc/sysconfig/puppetserver
systemctl start puppetserver
systemctl enable puppetserver
systemctl status puppetserver
exec bash
puppetserver -v
env | grep puppet

vim /etc/hosts
10.132.0.20 puppet
10.132.0.21 client1 rocky
10.132.0.22 client2 ubuntu
10.132.0.24 client3 windows

ping client1
ping ubuntu
ping windows

# installing puppet agent on Rocky
sudo su -
rpm -Uvh yum.puppet.com/puppet7-release-el-8.noarch.rpm
dnf install puppet-agent
systemctl start puppet
systemctl enable puppet
systemctl status puppet
exit
sudo su -
puppet ssl bootstrap
puppet agent --test

# on server
puppetserver ca list
puppetserver ca sign --certname client1

# on client
puppet agent --test

vim /etc/hosts
10.132.0.20 puppet
10.132.0.21 client1 rocky
10.132.0.22 client2 ubuntu
10.132.0.24 client3 windows

ping puppet
ping client2
ping client3

# installing puppet agent on Ubuntu
sudo su -
apt update
apt upgrade -y
wget apt.puppet.com/puppet7-release-focal.deb
dpkg -i puppet7-release-focal.deb
apt update
apt install puppet-agent
systemctl start puppet
systemctl enable puppet
systemctl status puppet
exit
sudo su -
puppet ssl bootstrap
puppet agent --test

# on server
puppetserver ca list
puppetserver ca sign --certname client2

# on client
puppet agent --test

vim /etc/hosts
10.132.0.20 puppet
10.132.0.21 client1 rocky
10.132.0.22 client2 ubuntu
10.132.0.24 client3 windows

ping puppet
ping rocky
ping windows

# installing puppet agent on Windows
Invoke-WebRequest downloads.puppetlabs.com/windows/puppet7/puppet-agent-x64-latest.msi -OutFile C:\Users\YourUser\Downloads\puppet-agent.msi

# Open PowerShell as admin:
puppet agent -t

# on server
puppetserver ca list
puppetserver ca sign --certname client3

# on client open PowerShell as admin:
puppet agent --test

Network #1 - Ping command & troubleshooting

itvraag 2022-05-28 | In this video we'll go through the most basic and most used command for network troubleshooting, which is the ping command.
#network #ping #troubleshooting #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:18 ping basics
0:35 ping troubleshooting steps
0:48 ping host
1:10 ping skip 0
1:22 ping localhost/test NIC
1:47 ping router
2:02 Linux default gateway
2:30 ping replay explained
3:05 ping IP
3:18 ping request timed out
3:57 public addresses for ping troubleshooting
4:09 Troubleshooting DNS in Windows & Linux
4:51 Manual DNS in Windows
5:32 Reset Windows 11 network settings
5:41 ping help & manual
6:01 ping time/latency
6:38 TTL (Time To Live)
6:52 OS TTL values
7:12 tracert & traceroute
7:27 TTL calculate OS
7:55 continuous ping
8:16 online ping tools
8:26 recap ping command

Related videos:
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
DNF package manager: youtu.be/T5QMnvHie0M
Windows 11 terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4

Commands & links:
ping google.com
ping localhost
ping 127.0.0.1
ping 127.1
ping 0
ipconfig /all
sudo apt install net-tools
ping 8.8.8.8
ping -a 8.8.8.8
ipconfig /flushdns
sudo resolvectl flush-caches
sudo systemd-resolve --statistics
ping /?
ping -h
man ping
tracert google.com
sudo apt install traceroute
traceroute google.com
ping -t localhost
ping.eu

Kali #1 - Installing in Windows 11 (two ways)

itvraag 2022-05-21 | In this video we'll cover two methods in which you can start using Kali Linux in Windows 11.
#kalilinux #wsl #terminal #virtualmachine
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:45 installing WSL2 Windows Features
1:08 installing WSL2 from PowerShell CLI
1:16 installing Kali from Microsoft Store
1:52 Kali Metapackages
2:14 Kali Linux Default package tools
2:33 Install Kali Linux defaul metapackage
2:54 Kali Linux defaul metapackage configuration
3:30 Changing Kali Linux metapackages
4:02 Kali Linux GUI
4:09 Download Kali Linux VM
4:35 Import Kali Linux VM
5:22 Changing Kali Linux VM resources

Related videos:
WSL2: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs
Windows 11 terminal tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
VirtualBox VM lab at home: youtu.be/KkvjAjJfavA
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Bash basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Commands & links:
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install kali-linux-default

Vagrant #8 - Troubleshoot & fix SSH authentication failure/timeout issue

itvraag 2022-05-14 | In this video we'll cover a known issue with Vagrant where it's unable to create a SSH connection and shows an authentication failure or timeout after 5 minutes. We'll go through 16 possible solutions.
#vagrant #virtualmachine #ssh #troubleshooting #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:27 possible causes for Vagrant timeout
0:57 #1 enable Virtualization in BIOS/UEFI
1:36 #2 type of hypervisor
2:17 #3 network settings
2:33 #4 update applications
2:51 #5 ssh anyway
3:54 #6 open VM GUI
4:27 #7 ssh key
6:01 #8 ssh with key defined
6:16 #9 private key in Vagrantfile
6:49 #10 disable auto-generating SSH key
7:19 #11 remove private key
7:43 #12 private network
8:01 #13 forward agent
8:19 #14 vagrantfile ssh credentials
8:36 #15 ssh debug
9:14 #16 reinstall Hypervisor & vagrant

Related videos:
Vagrant & Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Optimize SSH config file: youtu.be/YD04UwCTjdc
Bash basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Windows 11 Terminal like a PRO: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
Vagrant basics: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY

Used commands:
Vagrant global-status
vagrant ssh
ssh vagrant@localhost -p 2222
vagrant ssh-config
chmod 600 authorized_keys
chmod 700 .ssh
vagrant halt
vagrant up
vagrant reload
ssh -i ~/.vagrant.d/insecure_private_key -p 2222 vagrant@localhost
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b4096
config.ssh.private_key_path = File.expand_path('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
config.ssh.insert_key = false
config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.4"
config.ssh.forward_agent = true
config.ssh.username = 'vagrant'
config.ssh.password = 'vagrant'
ssh -vvv vagrant@localhost -p 2222
vagrant destroy

Vagrant #7 - shared (synced) folder in Windows and Mac host

itvraag 2022-05-07 | In this video we'll cover setting up shared (synced) folders when using Vagrant to manage Virtual Machines in a Windows or Mac host.
#vagrant #virtualmachine #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:37 change vagrantfile (synced_folder)
0:57 vagrant synced_folder Windows path
1:07 synced_folder options
1:22 synced_folder type NFS, SMB, RSync
1:49 Windows requirements for synced_folder
2:06 Mac requirements for synced_folder
2:22 vagrant up, vagrant reload
2:43 testing synced_folder in Vagrant VM

Related video:
Vagrant & Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Vagrant Basics: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY
Windows Terminal: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4

Used vagrantfile:
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "generic/rocky8"
config.vm.synced_folder "/path/host/dir", "/path/vm/dir"
end

Documentation: vagrantup.com/docs/synced-folders/smb

RedHat #2 - (Rocky Linux) Password Policy

itvraag 2022-04-30 | In this video we'll cover how to change and apply the password policy on a RedHat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), buy using a Rocky Linux VM on a Windows 11 Pro host with Hyper-V and Vagrant.
#redhat #rhel8 #password #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:35 pwscore
0:58 /etc/security/pwquality.conf
1:25 enable password policy options
1:59 minlen
2:11 difok
2:44 password credits
3:42 minclass
4:13 maxrepeat
4:31 enforce for root
4:43 apply new password policy
5:01 password policy challenge/exam

Related video:
Vagrant & Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Vim basics: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0
Managing user & groups in Linux: youtu.be/bPVd_TWEno0
Maximize productivity in Linux terminal: youtu.be/EBFoiWPCPMM

Used commands:
pwscore
sudo vim /etc/security/pwquality.conf

Bash #15 - services (daemons) in Linux

itvraag 2022-04-17 | In this video we cover system services (daemons) in a Rocky Linux VM running on Hyper-V with Vagrant and a Windows 11 host. We cover how to list information about the services, start, stop, disable and enabled them.
#linux #bash #services #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:29 Linux boot sequence
0:43 System services overview
1:16 list all services
2:01 list enabled and running services
2:27 list devices with systemctl
2:43 list services with grep
2:52 service details and status
3:14 stop services
3:38 start services
3:49 disable services
4:16 enable services

Related video:
Vagrant with Hypver-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Bash #1 - Basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Windows 11 terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4

Used links and commands:
systemctl
systemctl list-unit-files -at service
systemctl list-units -at service
systemctl list-units -t service --state running
systemctl list-units -at device
systemctl list-units | grep service
systemctl list-units | grep device

systemctl cat sshd
systemctl status sshd

sudo systemctl stop crond
systemctl status crond
sudo systemctl start crond
systemctl status crond

sudo systemctl disable crond
systemctl status crond
sudo systemctl stop crond
sudo systemctl enable crond
systemctl status crond
sudo systemctl start crond

Bash #14 - while / until loops (with port scan example)

itvraag 2022-04-10 | In this video we'll go through while and until loops in bash scripting and test this using examples like a port scan.
#bashscripting #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Related videos:
Bash #1 - Basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #3 - Script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #4 - Variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #5 - Arithmetic operators: youtu.be/DMPfEq6YAq8
Bash #10 - Combining commands: youtu.be/ixPZOoONsAs

Used scripts:
#!/bin/bash
n=0
while [ $n -lt 9 ]
do
echo This number is less than 9: $n
((n++))
done

#!/bin/bash
n=0
until [ $n -gt 9 ]
do
echo This number is NOT greater than 9: $n
((n++))
done

#!/bin/bash
n=0
i=12
while [[ $n -lt 9 && i -lt 14 ]]
do
echo This number $n is less than 9 and this number $i is less than 14
((n++))
((i++))
done

Port scan script (angled brackets are removed, due to video description limitations):
#!/bin/bash
i=0
while [ $i -lt 5000 ]
do
(echo /dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/$i) &/dev/null && printf "Open Port at:$i" || printf "."
((++i))
done

Timestamp:
0:27 while & until loops in general
0:43 while loop with example
1:01 logical conditions
1:34 until loop with example
1:47 loops with multiple conditions
2:25 while loop with port scan
2:58 endless loops

Optimize SSH config file

itvraag 2022-04-02 | In this video we'll optimize the SSH config file by defining options for all hosts, group of hosts and individual hosts using wildcards.
#ssh #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:16 SSH config file path
0:32 SSH config general options for all hosts
1:22 SSH config option for individual hosts
1:50 SSH config wildcards for group of hosts
2:22 SSH config negating hosts

Related video:
Git SSH key: youtu.be/wScfLiE1oTY
Git private repo: youtu.be/1fd0DYb29vw

Used SSH config file:
Host *
AddKeysToAgent yes
IdentitiesOnly yes

Host pro?
User itvraag
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_pro

Host !pro*
User temp
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_temp

Host puppet
HostName xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Host node
HostName xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Host pro1
HostName xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Host pro2
HostName xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Cloud #1 - Create Rocky Linux VM on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) and SSH to it

itvraag 2022-03-26 | In this video we'll create a GCP account, a VM instance running Rocky Linux and then using SSH key on our local terminal set up a connection to our cloud VM.
#gcp #googlecloud #rockylinux #virtualmachine
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:19 Google Cloud Free program
0:35 Set up GCP account
1:11 Set up GCP VM instance
2:01 GCP VM region
2:46 GCP VM resources (CPU & memory)
3:00 GCP VM disk and image
3:45 GCP SSH from browser
4:11 create local SSH key
4:42 SSH key type ed25519
5:27 copy SSH key to GCP Project
5:55 SSH config file
6:12 Connect to GCP through SSH
6:33 copy SSH key to GCP VM

Related video:
Rocky VM with Vagrant: youtu.be/_6r9247wN4c
Vagrant with Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Windows 11 Terminal: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4

Used links and commands:
console.cloud.google.com
cloud.google.com/free/docs/gcp-free-tier/?authuser=1#free-trial

ssh-keygen -t ed25519

Host *
AddKeysToAgent yes
IdentitiesOnly yes
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

Puppet #4 - Puppet server on Rocky Linux Vagrant box

itvraag 2022-03-19 | In this video we'll install a Puppet server on a Rocky Linux 8.5 Vagrant box as an alternative to CentOS or RedHat Enterprise Linux.
#puppet #rockylinux #vagrant #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:18 Puppet basics
0:51 Why Rocky Linux?
1:10 Install Rocky Linux VM with Vagrant
1:55 Login as root
2:10 Install Git for version control
2:29 Add Puppet repo with RPM
2:36 Install Puppet server package
2:51 Reduce memory allocation
3:15 Start/enable Puppet server services
3:29 Configure Puppet agent
4:02 Lookup hostname
4:15 Add path for Ruby and Gem
4:59 Gem install r10k
5:12 Puppet agent test
5:43 Connect to GitHub

Related videos:
Vagrant #6 - Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
Vagrant #1 - Basics: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY
Git #1 - Basics: youtu.be/x6Hf_SRRYOY
Vim #1 - Basics: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0
Puppet #3 - GitHub: youtu.be/SUMkP40dXJU
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #6 - package manager APT: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Bash #7 - package manager DNF: youtu.be/T5QMnvHie0M

Used links and commands:
app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search

vagrantfile:
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "generic/rocky8"
config.vm.hostname = "master.puppet.vm"
end

vagrant init generic/rocky8
vagrant up
vagrant ssh

hostnamectl
sudo su -
dnf install -y git
rpm -Uvh yum.puppet.com/puppet7-release-el-8.noarch.rpm
dnf install -y puppetserver
vim /etc/sysconfig/puppetserver
systemctl start puppetserver
systemctl status puppetserver
systemctl enable puppetserver
vim /etc/puppetlabs/puppet/puppet.conf

[agent]
server = master.puppet.vm

echo $HOSTNAME
cat /etc/hosts

vim ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/puppetlabs/puppet/bin

sudo reboot
ruby --version
gem --version

gem install r10k
puppet agent -t

Bash #13 - Log files and commands to view them

itvraag 2022-03-12 | In this video we'll go through different log files in Debian and Fedora based distros like Ubuntu and RedHat. We'll also cover different commands that help viewing the log files.
#terminal #linux #logs #rockylinux #ubuntu #redhat
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:19 my setup with Ubuntu & Rocky Linux VMs
0:40 log files path
0:55 list of log files
1:13 commands to view log files
1:35 cat syslog
2:38 less auth.log
3:15 tail dpkg.log (most recent)
3:50 head kern.log
4:21 watch auth.log (live logs)
4:48 grep logs (search pattern)
5:46 dmesg (diagnotic messages)
6:19 logger (custom logs entries to syslog)
6:48 journalctl
8:40 log priorities

Related video:
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #6 - package manager APT: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Bash #7 - package manager DNF: youtu.be/T5QMnvHie0M
Vagrant #6 - Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig

Used commands:
hostnamectl
cd /var/log
sudo cat syslog
sudo less auth.log
sudo tail dpkg.log
sudo tail -5 dpkg.log
sudo head kern.log
sudo head -5 kern.log
sudo watch tail auth.log
sudo grep -i service syslog
sudo cat syslog | grep -i service
sudo tail kern.log | grep audit
sudo cat auth.log | grep failure
sudo dmesg
sudo dmesg | grep -i driver
sudo dmesg | grep -i usb
sudo dmesg --level=err,warn
sudo dmesg -T --level=err,warn
sudo dmesg --follow
sudo watch tail syslog
sudo logger adding a custom log entry for itvraag
sudo logger testing a new log entry by $USER on $(date)
journalctl
journalctl -r
journalctl -n 4
journalctl -fu ssh
journalctl --list-boots
journalctl -b 2
journalctl --since="2022-03-10 19:40:00"
journalctl --since "10 min ago"

Bash #12 - Managing users & groups

itvraag 2022-03-05 | In this video we'll cover managing users and groups in Linux using an Ubuntu or Rocky Linux system, but this will work for other distros as well.
#terminal #usermanagement #linux #rockylinux #ubuntu
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:22 Linux user & group management
1:08 My setup, Ubuntu & Rocky
1:30 Managing users with /etc/passwd
2:44 User ID definition
3:45 Account start shell/cmd
4:15 passwd manual
4:21 add user
4:37 passwords inside shadow file
5:46 managing groups with /etc/group
6:58 add group
7:08 id account
7:16 delete user with home dir

Related video:
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #9 - Fish: youtu.be/N_dR2deb_KE

Used commands:
hostnamectl
which $SHELL
cat /etc/passwd
man 5 passwd
sudo adduser itvraag
sudo cat /etc/shadow
cat /etc/group
sudo usermod -aG sudo itvraag
cat /etc/group | grep sudo
sudo addgroup marketing
sudo deluser itvraag --remove-home

Bash #11 - Customize prompt (three methods)

itvraag 2022-03-02 | In this video we'll cover three ways to customize your bash prompt for a better readability.
#terminal #commandprompt #bash
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:18 prompt usage
0:43 download / install Nerd Font
1:06 change Windows terminal default font
1:40 prompt generator
2:27 bash-it installation
3:01 bash-it aliases
3:19 bash-it themes
3:32 bash-it change theme
3:47 bash-it missing icons/glyphs
4:05 oh-my-bash installation
4:38 oh-my-bash themes
4:45 oh-my-bash change theme
4:57 oh-my-bash aliases

Related video:
Windows 11 Terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
Git #1 - basics: youtu.be/x6Hf_SRRYOY
Vim #1 - basics: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
oh-my-zsh: youtu.be/IMUuElcjMdo
MacOS terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA
Bash #9 - Fish: youtu.be/N_dR2deb_KE
Bash #6 - APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used links and commands:
Bash prompt generator: ezprompt.net
Bash-it: bash-it.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation
oh-my-bash: github.com/ohmybash/oh-my-bash

Used commands:
export PS1="\u@\[\e[36m\]\h\[\e[m\] \[\e[33m\]\w\[\e[m\]😎 "
source .bashrc

Installing bash-it:
git clone --depth=1 github.com/Bash-it/bash-it.git ~/.bash_it
sudo apt install git
~/.bash_it/install.sh
cd ~/.bash_it/aliases/available
cd ~/.bash_it/themes
vim .bashrc

Installing oh-my-bash:
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmybash/oh-my-bash/master/tools/install.sh)"
sudo apt install curl wget
cp ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.bak
vim .bashrc
cd ~/.oh-my-bash/aliases

Maximize productivity in Linux terminal!

itvraag 2022-02-26 | In this video we'll cover multiple tips to increase your efficiency and productivity when working with the Linux terminal.
#linux #commandprompt #terminal #productivity
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:17 covering basics
1:00 which shell
1:31 cd
1:52 aliases
2:09 combine commands
2:23 history
2:52 quickly move cursor
3:09 clear line / screen
3:35 previous command / !! (bang bang)
3:52 head/tail
4:53 cat/less
5:15 cat syntax coloring / pymentize
5:34 less syntax coloring / source-highlight
5:51 previous argument / !$ (bang dollar)
6:38 confirm multiple commands or script
7:07 echo redirect content to file
7:35 watch / monitor command output
8:10 record command line session with script
8:41 exit out of session / shell

Related video:
Vagrant in Windows 11 with Hyper-V: youtu.be/HNsdfTRfnig
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Windows 11 Terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
oh-my-zsh: youtu.be/IMUuElcjMdo
MacOS terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA
Bash #10 - Chain commands: youtu.be/ixPZOoONsAs
Bash #9 - Fish: youtu.be/N_dR2deb_KE
Bash #6 - APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used commands:
echo $SHELL
sudo apt install zsh
sudo apt install fish
zsh
fish
bash
cat /etc/shells
chsh -s path
sudo reboot
cd dir
cd
cd ~
cd -
sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade -y
history
history | grep ls
cd /var/log
ls -lt | head
ls -lt | tail
head syslog
tail syslog
ls -lt | head -3
ls -lt | tail -3
cat syslog
less syslog
ls -lt | less
sudo apt install python3-pygments
# add to .bashrc
alias cat='pygmentize -f terminal256 -O style=native -g'

sudo apt install source-highlight
# add to .bashrc
export LESSOPEN="| /usr/share/source-highlight/src-hilite-lesspipe.sh %s"
export LESS=' -R'

mkdir -p /home/vagrant/long/path/you/dont/want/to/retype
cd !$
touch script_file
cat !$
chmod +x alt+.
vim alt+.

yes | sudo apt install tree
no | sudo apt install tree

watch tail syslog

script file01
sudo apt update
exit
cat file01

Aliases:
alias ls='ls -G --color'
alias l="ls -lAh"
alias ll='ls -alt'
alias lh='ls -lt | head'
alias lt='ls -lt'
alias h="history 20"
alias hg="history 20 | grep -i"
alias c="clear;ls;pwd"
alias reload="source ~/.bashrc ; echo Bash config reloaded"
alias ..="cd .."
alias ...="cd ../.."
alias ....="cd ../../.."

Bash #10 - Combining commands (skip waiting)

itvraag 2022-02-23 | In this video we'll cover three ways to combine and chain commands together in the Linux terminal using semi-colon, logical AND or logical OR operators. This will help you save a lot of time and automate checks.
#bash #bashscripting #terminal #linux
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:17 operators to chain commands
1:16 semi-colon
1:38 when to use semi-colon
1:56 logical AND
2:52 logical OR
3:46 combine operators
4:05 grouping commands

Related video:
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
Windows 11 Terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
oh-my-zsh: youtu.be/IMUuElcjMdo
MacOS terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used commands:
clear;ls -alt;pwd;uname -srmp;whoami
chmod +x script1
mkdir dir1 && cd dir1
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
[ -x "script3" ] || chmod +x script3
[ -x "script1" ] && echo done
[ -x "script1" ] || echo done
ls -lt; [ -x "script1" ] && echo true || echo false
VAR="1"; echo "VAR: $VAR"; { VAR="2"; echo "inside VAR: $VAR"; }; echo "outside VAR: $VAR"
VAR="1"; echo "VAR: $VAR"; ( VAR="2"; echo "inside VAR: $VAR"; ); echo "outside VAR: $VAR"
[ -x "script3" ] || ( echo first && echo second )

Vagrant #6 - In Windows 11 with Hyper-V

itvraag 2022-02-19 | In this video we'll conver setting up Vagrant on a Windows 11 host with Hyper-V as a hypervisor provider instead of VirtualBox.
#terminal #vagrant #hyperv #windows11
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:16 Vagrant providers
0:47 Requirements
1:13 Install Hyper-V on Windows 11 Home edition
1:27 Install Hyper-V on Windows 11 Pro edition
1:42 Install Vagrant
1:54 Terminal admin mode
2:14 Terminal admin shortcut
2:33 Vagrant cloud provider Hyper-V
2:50 Vagrant init
3:00 Vagrant up
3:06 Vagrant ssh

Related video:
Vagrant basics: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY
Vagrant VM memory & CPU: youtu.be/ALLmY5E6oHw
Vagrant tips: youtu.be/OXyDxafHJLs
Vagrant multi-machine: youtu.be/Vc0bS8AbWCo

Used links and commands:
Install Hyper-V in Windows 11 Home edition:
xda-developers.com/how-to-install-hyper-v-windows-11-home

Install Hyper-V in Windows 11 PRO edition:
DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V

Windows Terminal admin shortcut:
%LocalAppData%\Microsoft\WindowsApps\wt.exe

vagrant init generic/ubuntu2004
vagrant up
vagrant ssh

Bash #9 - Fish shell on WSL2/Ubuntu

itvraag 2022-02-16 | Today we’ll look at a Linux shell called fish, which stand for “friendly interactive shell” as an alternative shell to bash in Linux distros.
Syntax highlighting for errors, misspelled commands and options, mismatched parenthesis and quotes. The great thing about fish is that this is done while typing.
Using the manual page data, fish helps you by pressing the tab key to auto complete. Simply start typing and hit tab to get suggestions.
Inline search history: where you can start typing and then use the up and down arrow keys to select previous commands that started that way.
With auto suggestion it provides feedback based on the content of a directory or your history.
#terminal #linux #wsl #shell
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:19 My setup & requirements
0:35 Fresh Ubuntu install in WSL2
0:50 Current shells
1:09 apt update & upgrade
1:19 apt install fish w3m
1:53 change shell to fish
2:21 fish demo (syntax highlight, auto complete/suggestion, tab)
3:15 fish brace expansion vs. numeric sequences
3:28 customize fish in WSL2 (fish_config)
6:41 fish aliases rc file (config.fish)

Related video:
APT package manager: youtu.be/ZKPs-rnG6E0
WSL2: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs
Windows 11 Terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
oh-my-zsh: youtu.be/IMUuElcjMdo

Used links and commands:
wsl -l -v
wsl --unregister ubuntu
wsl -l -v
wsl --install -d ubuntu
wsl -s ubuntu
echo $SHELL
cat /etc/shells
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install fish
sudo apt install w3m
cat /etc/shells
fish
chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
grep -i "installed" /var/log/dpkg.log | wc -l
fish_config

Bash #8 - applying bash in Windows & MacOS

itvraag 2022-02-12 | Let's quickly walk through how to work and play with bash inside a Windows or MacOS machine using WSL2, VirtualBox, Vagrant or Docker.
#terminal #bash #windows11 #vagrant #docker #virtualmachine #macos
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:22 Bash in WSL2
1:11 MacOS terminal bash
1:32 VirtualBox VMs
2:33 Vagrant boxes
3:26 Docker images & containers

Related video:
WSL2 video: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs
VirtualBox video: youtu.be/iw5QFqSw0DU
MacOS terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA
Vagrant basics: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY
Docker images & containers: youtu.be/VnRuw9eivT0

Permanent aliases in PowerShell with parameters!

itvraag 2022-02-08 | In this video we'll go through how to search, add, edit or remove aliases in PowerShell, but also make them permanent by editing the PowerShell profile. We also cover assigning commands with parameters using functions inside the PowerShell profile and assign it to an alias. This will greatly help you quickly run long commands which you need to run often.
#powershell #terminal #windows11 #productivity
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:20 alias intro
0:38 list aliases
0:49 search for an alias
1:35 add alias
2:08 create permanent alias with PowerShell profile
3:06 check availability of an alias
4:02 adding commands with parameters to aliases
4:17 example of function to alias
4:31 export alias list to csv file
4:44 import alias csv file
5:05 remove an alias
5:20 echo into alias

Relevant videos:
Windows Terminal PRO tips: youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
Bash #2 - aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY

Used commands:
alias
alias | findstr -i ls
get-alias -Name ls
Get-Alias -Definition Get-ChildItem
New-Alias -Name list -Value Get-ChildItem
alias | findstr -i list
New-Item $profile -force -itemtype file
alias | findstr -i echo
start $profile
notepad $profile
new-alias -name np -value notepad
Function FunctionName {long-command-with-parameters}
Set-Alias -Name AliasName -Value FunctionName
Export-Alias -Path "alias.csv"
Import-Alias alias.csv
Remove-Alias -Name np
Del alias:np

Docker #1 - Managing images & containers (in 12 minutes)

itvraag 2022-02-06 | In this first video about Docker, we'll cover how to pull images from Docker hub, run containers from them, change them and make images out of containers.
#docker #terminal
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:18 Docker intro
00:36 Download Docker Desktop for Windows, Mac or Linux
00:43 Docker cloud playground CLI
1:18 Docker pricing
1:25 Why I'm using Docker?
1:44 Two terminal setup for Docker
2:03 Docker hub images
2:29 Docker pull images (alpine)
2:43 Docker error, restart
2:58 Docker images
3:17 Docker files, images & containers
3:32 Docker run image
4:20 Inside Docker image/container
4:42 Docker containers
4:56 Docker ps
5:31 Exit container
5:54 Docker ps -a
6:26 Docker ps -l
6:35 Docker difference between containers
7:00 Run a Docker container
7:10 Start Docker container
7:25 Docker exec
7:40 Alpine APK package manager
8:15 Add user to Alpine container with sudo/wheel permission & change password
8:36 Create image from container
8:46 Docker commit
9:36 Run new Docker image
9:46 Docker remove container
10:02 Docker remove image
10:16 Docker prune container/image
10:36 Docker system prune, remove all
10:49 Start with different user or home directory with alias

Used links:
Download Docker: docker.com/products/docker-desktop
Docker hub: hub.docker.com
Docker cloud play: labs.play-with-docker.com
Docker pricing: docker.com/pricing

Used commands:
alt+shift+D for second terminal pane in Windows Terminal
docker pull alpine
docker pull ubuntu
docker images
docker run -it alpine sh
docker run -it ubuntu bash
docker ps
docker ps -a
docker ps -l
docker start containerID
docker stop containerID
docker exec -it containerID sh
docker commit containerID newName
docker rm containerID
docker rmi imageName
docker container prune
docker image prune -a
docker system prune -a
docker start containerID; docker exec -it --user itvraag -w /home/itvraag containerID bash

apk update
apk upgrade
apk add bash vim
adduser itvraag
addgroup itvraag wheel
passwd

RedHat #1 - Package manager DNF (Fedora, RHEL, Rocky Linux)

itvraag 2022-02-02 | In this video we cover managing packages in Fedora and RedHat-based distros using DNF as package manager.
#redhat #rhel8 #terminal #linux
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:39 My setup
0:56 Why Rocky Linux?
1:23 LTS maintenance pro's
1:43 DNF (YUM)
1:57 Options for VM setup (Vagrant & Docker)
2:11 sudo (wheel) group in RHEL
2:29 dnf list all
2:58 dnf list installed
3:04 dnf list upgrades
3:12 dnf list autoremove
3:25 dnf list kernel
3:30 dnf search
3:44 dnf info
3:54 dnf deplist
4:06 dnf provides
4:18 dnf install
4:44 dnf download
5:12 dnf upgrade
5:33 dnf upgrade security updates
5:45 dnf upgrade kernel
5:53 dnf remove
6:04 dnf remove, keep dependencies
6:13 dnf remove dependencies
6:25 dnf groups
6:44 dnf hidden groups
7:08 dnf install groups
7:30 dnf upgrade & remove groups
7:52 dnf-automatic

Previous related Bash videos:
Bash #5 - arithmetic: youtu.be/DMPfEq6YAq8
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used commands:
usermod -aG wheel itvraag
cat /etc/group | grep wheel
dnf list all
dnf list installed
dnf list upgrades
dnf list autoremove
dnf list kernel
dnf search vim
dnf info vim-enhanced
dnf deplist tree
dnf provides chsh
dnf search vim
sudo dnf install vim-enhanced
sudo dnf install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/path/to/dir/ vim-enhanced
dnf deplist vim-enhanced
sudo dnf upgrade
dnf list upgrades
sudo dnf upgrade binutils
sudo dnf upgrade --security
sudo dnf upgrade kernel
dnf remove vim-enhanced
dnf remove vin-enhanced --noautoremove
dnf autoremove
dnf group list
dnf group list ids
dnf group list hidden ids
dnf group info security-tools
sudo dnf group install group-name
sudo dnf install @group-name
sudo dnf group install security-tools
dnf group list ids
sudo dnf group upgrade security-tools
sudo dnf group remove security-tools
sudo dnf install dnf-automatic

Bash #6 - Package manager APT (Debian, Ubuntu, Kali, Mint)

itvraag 2022-01-30 | In this video we go through how to manage your Linux applications in Debian based distros (Ubuntu, Kali-Linux or Linux Mint) using the package manger APT.
#terminal #linux #ubuntu
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:26 answer to Bash-challenge 3
0:37 General info about Linux package managers
1:35 Linux distros and their package managers
1:56 System setup
2:47 apt update
3:12 apt list
3:21 apt upgrade (packages)
3:28 apt dist-upgrade
3:41 upgrade kernel
4:01 combine commands & alias
4:30 upgrade distro
4:50 apt search
5:23 apt show
5:37 apt list
6:05 apt download
6:22 apt rdepends
6:54 dpkg which files will install
7:11 apt install (remote package)
7:28 apt install (local package)
7:48 apt remove (uninstall package)
8:01 apt autoremove dependencies
8:14 apt clean (cache)
8:24 recap (periodic maintenance commands)

Relevant videos:
Bash #5 - arithmetic: youtu.be/DMPfEq6YAq8
Bash #4 - variables: youtu.be/mOSnZ7zOF3g
Bash #3 - script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4
Bash #2 - help, touch, echo & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #1 - basic concepts: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c

Used commands:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt install linux-image-generic
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt clean

Bash #4 - working with variables (with challenge)

itvraag 2022-01-23 | In this video we go through assigning variables in bash. We cover environment- and shell variables. Assigning integers or strings, while paying attention to comments, quotes and naming convention.
Finally we finish the video with a challenge, for which I'll share the answer in the next video.
#terminal #linux #bash #bashscripting #variables
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:24 answer to bash challenge1
0:53 environment variables
1:39 naming convention
2:50 assign variable to arguments
3:17 comments
3:46 strings and quotes
4:31 integers
5:06 using system/environment variables
5:19 changing a variable
5:34 applying variables from the command line
5:47 declaring a variable to read-only
5:58 bash challenge2

Previous videos about bash:
Bash #1 - Basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #2 - Help, touch & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY
Bash #3 - Script files: youtu.be/ajpTOFyeDH4

Bash #3 - Script files (with challenge)

itvraag 2022-01-20 | In this video we continue the bash course and cover script files. How to create them to automate tasks and work more efficiently.
#terminal #linux #bash #bashscripting
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:48 code editors
1:18 creating script file
1:52 shebang
2:33 chmod permissions to executable
3:19 running script file
3:42 assign an alias
4:23 arguments
5:19 script file example
6:17 applying arguments as variables
6:57 assign script to an alias
7:15 bash script challenge1

Previous videos about bash:
Bash #1 - Basics: youtu.be/C-HwzPVLo1c
Bash #2 - Help, touch & aliases: youtu.be/cyi6imc5ruY

Bash #2 - Help, touch, echo & aliases

itvraag 2022-01-17 | In this video we'll follow up on the previous video about bash and see how to work more efficiently using help options, manuals, create files with touch or echo and many different aliases to increase your productivity.
#terminal #linux #bash #bashscripting
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:28 finding the source of a command or alias
1:00 help options and manual
1:37 creating a file with touch or echo command
2:12 bash aliases
3:12 reload bashrc/zshrc
3:54 cd up with aliases
4:12 bash history
4:29 count alias
4:40 force remove alias
4:52 grep alias
5:11 sudo alias
5:24 which aliases are configured?

Used commands:
command -V man
command -V echo
ls --help
man ls
man ls | grep file
touch filename
vim ~/.bashrc

alias l="ls -lAh"
alias lt="ls --human-readable --size -1 -S --classify"
alias reload="source ~/.zshrc ; echo bashrc reloaded"
alias c="clear;ls -lAh;pwd"
alias ..="cd .."
alias ...="cd ../..;clear;ls -lAh"
alias h="history"
alias hg="history|grep"
alias count="find . -type f | wc -l"
alias rf="rm -rf"
alias fb="grep -ri -B 4 -A 4"
alias apt-get="sudo apt-get"
alias
alias | grep lt

Bash #1 - Basic concepts and requirements before scripting

itvraag 2022-01-13 | This is the first video in a series of tutorials about Bash scripting which you can apply in Linux, Mac or even Windows with WSL. In this video I'll go through some tools and concepts, before diving into bash scripting. I've covered many of the tools in my previous videos, which I've linked in the video and here down below. Basics concepts we'll go through are, different type of shells, combining commands, aliases, piping and redirection.
#terminal #linux #bash #bashscripting
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:30 bash in short
0:57 terminals for bash
1:18 syntax highlighting for bash
1:45 which shell
2:23 change shell
2:46 check bash version
2:58 combine commands
3:14 add alias to bashrc/zshrc
3:50 piping commands
5:05 pipe grep
5:21 redirection
6:25 redirecting errors
7:21 redirect from file to command

Previous videos to consider:
Windows Terminal (oh-my-posh): youtu.be/0NBYBOGalO4
WSL2: youtu.be/9Ev2NKLHcvs
Mac Terminal (iTerm2): youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA
Syntax highlighting with oh-my-zsh: youtu.be/IMUuElcjMdo
Vim editor: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0

Used commands:
chsh -s /bin/bash
sudo apt install -y util-linux-user
clear;ls -al;pwd
alias c="clear;ls -al;pwd"
source .bashrc
ls -al | wc -l
find . -type f | wc -l
ls --help | less
ls --help | grep file

WSL2 - Linux shells inside Windows Terminal with PowerShell

itvraag 2022-01-09 | In this video we’ll install multiple Linux distro shells in the terminal of Windows 11 and see how we can manage them through PowerShell.
Windows Subsystem for Linux was introduced in 2016 for Windows 10, but with WSL2 it has become a very handy tool to work with Linux shells without working with virtual machines. WSL is similar to virtualization, but without the slow process of getting an OS up and running. It helps access Linux shells as quickly as opening the terminal.
#terminal #wsl #windows11 #linux #ubuntu
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:20 WSL1 vs. WSL2
0:42 WSL2 requirements
1:00 install WSL2
1:25 update WSL2
1:46 update PowerShell
1:59 install Linux shells
2:16 install Ubuntu
3:12 WSL2 list current installed shells
3:59 WSL2 list available shells for download
4:15 WSL2 status
4:34 change default WSL version
4:46 install Debian on WSL2
5:38 change WSL default distro shell
6:17 open WSLs shells from CLI
6:28 uninstall WSL2 shells/distros
6:41 reboot WSL2 or shells
7:21 WSL2 snapshots, import, export
9:02 Two same distros in WSL2
9:33 Windows disk in WSL2 shells
9:54 changing default user in WSL2 shells
10:52 combine PowerShell & Linux commands with WSL2
11:37 manage Windows files from Linux shells in WSL2
11:53 WSL2 network shares to Linux shells
12:42 WSL2 get file path (wslpath -w)
13:06 WSL2 reset/repair/reinstall Linux shells

Used links and commands:
wsl --install
wsl -l -v
wsl -l -o
wsl --install -d Debian
wsl --set-default Debian
wsl --unregister DistributionName
wsl --shutdown
wsl --terminate, -t DistributionName
wsl --export DistributionName FileName
wsl --import DistributionName InstallLocation FileName
wslpath -w filename
ipconfig | wsl grep IPv4

sudo vim /etc/wsl.conf
[user]
default=username

(Ubuntu)
ubuntu config --default-user root

(Ubuntu 18.04 LTS)
ubuntu1804 config --default-user root

(Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)
ubuntu1604 config --default-user root

(openSUSE Leap 42)
openSUSE-42 config --default-user root

(SUSE Linux)
SLES-12 config --default-user root

(Debian)
debian config --default-user root

(Kali Linux)
kali config --default-user root

Maximize productivity in Windows 11 Terminal

itvraag 2022-01-06 | Here are tips for Windows terminal in Windows 11 to use tabs, panes, color schemes, oh-my-posh and git bash.
#terminal #windows11 #productivity
https://itvraag.nl

Used links:
Windows terminal link: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/terminal/install
Powershell version: Get-Host | Select-Object Version
Color schemes: terminalsplash.com
oh-my-posh link: https://ohmyposh.dev/docs/
Scott Hanselman GitHub: gist.github.com/shanselman/1f69b28bfcc4f7716e49eb5bb34d7b2c?WT.mc_id=-blog-scottha
Scott Hanselman channel: youtube.com/c/shanselman
Scott Hanselman blog: hanselman.com/blog/my-ultimate-powershell-prompt-with-oh-my-posh-and-the-windows-terminal

PowerShell profile:
oh-my-posh --init --shell pwsh --config ~\GitHub\ohmyposh\ohmyposhv3-v2.json | Invoke-Expression
Import-Module -Name Terminal-Icons

git bash, bashrc:
eval "$(oh-my-posh --init --shell bash --config ~/GitHub/ohmyposh/ohmyposhv3-v2.json)"

Manage WiFi with netsh in Windows 11 command prompt

itvraag 2022-01-03 | in the previous video I showed you how to manage the WiFi connection in Windows 11. In this video we’ll do the same, but using the command line with the netsh command.
#terminal #windows11 #wifi
https://itvraag.nl

Used commands:
netsh wlan show profiles
netsh wlan delete profile name="SSID"
netsh interface show interface
netsh wlan show drivers
netsh wlan show interfaces
netsh wlan show profile name="SSID" key=clear
netsh wlan export profile key=clear folder="C:\Users\username\Documents"
netsh wlan add profile filename="C:\Users\m\Documents\wi-fi.xml" Interface="Wi-Fi" user=current

Windows 11 - Wireless (WiFi) internet connection (Add/configure/remove/troubleshoot)

itvraag 2021-12-31 | in this video we’ll go through the steps to configure or troubleshoot your WiFi connection on Windows 11.
#windows11 #wifi #troubleshooting
https://itvraag.nl

Timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:17 Easy WiFi connection
0:52 Public WiFi
1:04 Connect to hidden WiFi (SSID)
1:46 WiFi hardware properties
2:57 Windows 11 random MAC address
4:14 Windows 11 missing WiFi icon
5:09 Windows 11 troubleshooter
5:37 Windows 11 resetting all network settings

Vagrant #5 - create own base box to duplicate easy

itvraag 2021-12-28 | Creating your own box is handy if you’ve certain requirements for multiple VM’s. That way you can set up a base from which you’ll continue to develop other machines.
In this example I’ve a Ubuntu base image with oh-my-zsh, python and git installed, but also a few tweaks like bash aliases and some themes for syntax highlighting. Now i’ll create a box from this VM in order to have all my future ubuntu VM’s be preinstalled with those options. But you can set up your box as you desire.
#terminal #vagrant #virtualmachine
https://itvraag.nl

Used commands:
vagrant package
config.vm.box_url = "file://~/Documents/../package.box"
config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.56.10"

Make your Linux CLI look like a PRO with oh-my-zsh and powerlevel10k!

itvraag 2021-12-24 | This tutorial will help you make your Linux terminal look like a pro! The installation steps of oh-my-zsh with powerlevel10k on two Linux distros, Ubuntu and Rocky linux.
#terminal #linux
https://itvraag.nl

Used commands:
sudo dnf install -y zsh util-linux-user
chsh -s /bin/zsh
sudo dnf install -y git wget
wget github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O - | zsh
cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc
git clone --depth=1 github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/powerlevel10k

Git #9 - SSH key authentication on GitHub

itvraag 2021-12-20 | In this video we'll configure an SSH key on our GitHub account in order to manage our remote repositories securely through SSH.
#git #authentication
Git video playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkU6DiIV0iJSXQRSfRZfgDD6hAcg00KgN
https://itvraag.nl

Used commands:
ls -al ~/.ssh
for key in ~/.ssh/id_*; do ssh-keygen -l -f "${key}"; done | uniq
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your_email@example.com"
git config --global --unset credential.helper
eval $(ssh-agent)
ssh-add -k ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

bash_profile script for SSH agent:
stackoverflow.com/questions/18880024/start-ssh-agent-on-login

Git #8 - Manage private remote repo on GitHub with SSH and access token

itvraag 2021-12-16 | In this video we'll go through how to manage a remote repository on GitHub and sync it with our local repo with SSH and Access Token.
#git #github #repository
https://itvraag.nl
Git basics: youtu.be/x6Hf_SRRYOY

Commands:
Used commands:

git remote
git remote -v
git remote add NAME URL

git push
git push REMOTE BRANCH
git push -u origin main
git push --all

git pull
git config pull.rebase false
git branch --set-upstream-to=origin/[branch] main

git config --global credential.helper cache
git config --global --unset credential.helper

Git #7 - stash your changes and multi-task

itvraag 2021-12-13 | We'll go through how to use git stash to save your change temporarily so that you can work on something else. Stashing is a way to park your change progress in order to work on something else. This is handy when you're half way in a change, but something with high priority comes up and you don't want to lose your progress. Stashing saves your progress and returns your repository to the last commit.
#git
https://itvraag.nl

git stash
git stash -a
git stash list
git stash apply
git stash pop
git stash drop
git stash clear

Git #6 - branches (new, change, merge & delete)

itvraag 2021-12-10 | Git branches are an important part of working with git and the git flow. In this video you'll find out how to create, change and delete branches.
#git
https://itvraag.nl

Commands:
git branch
git switch -c new-branch
git switch main
git merge new-branch
git branch -d new-branch

Git #5 - reset hard & clean

itvraag 2021-12-08 | Let's get right into resetting your git repository in different ways!
#git
https://itvraag.nl

git reset
git reset --hard
git clean -fdi -n
git reset --hard && git clean -df
git reset [commit id]
git reset --hard [commit id]

Git #4 - diff, log, amend (with tips)

itvraag 2021-12-06 | In this video we'll continue with Git and cover differences between commits, log options and change a previous commit with amend.
#git
https://itvraag.nl

Used commands in the video:
git diff [commit ID]
git commit --amend
git commit --amend -m "second change"
git log --oneline
git log -i --name-only --pretty=format:'\''%C(yellow)%h %Cred%ad %Cblue%an%Cgreen%d %Creset%s'\' --date=short
git log -n 4 -i --stat --grep [search string]

Git #3 - remove, restore and rename

itvraag 2021-12-03 | Here we'll go through deleting, restoring and renaming files.
#git
https://itvraag.nl
Git basics video: youtu.be/x6Hf_SRRYOY

Commands:
Removing:
git rm [file name]
git rm -r [folder name]

Debug remove:
git rm [file or pattern] -n

Restoring inside working area:
git restore .

Restoring inside staging area:
git restore -S .

Renaming:
git mv [current name] [new name]

Alternative restoring:
git reset HEAD
git checkout .

Git #2 - ignore file (dont share my password!)

itvraag 2021-12-01 | In this video we see how to ignore files and not track them inside a git repository.
#git
https://itvraag.nl

Some of the commands used are here in the description:
Global ignore file:
git config --global core.excludesFile ~/.gitignore

Git tracked files:
git ls-tree -r main --name-only

Ignored files:
git status --ignored

Git debug:
git check-ignore -v debug_file

Git #1 - install, config and command basics on a local repo in CentOS8

itvraag 2021-11-28 | In this video we'll cover the basics of Git as a version control system to track changes on your projects, which we'll need to other tutorials on my channel.
#git
https://itvraag.nl

Installing Git: git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git
Vagrant video: youtu.be/rYz3v_kaPpY
Vim video: youtu.be/VmsO5SYorX0
iTerm2 video: youtu.be/LcelO7XErdA