Uploaded July 2025 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
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Differences Between English & Welsh DNA…
Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:52 Differences Between English & Welsh DNA
4:48 Get Member-Only Videos
5:18 Internal DNA Divisions in Wales & England
6:28 DNA Haplogroups Compared England v Wales
What are the DNA differences and similarities between England and Wales, and how different are they? Now in ancient times, the land we call Wales today was inhabited by tribes of Celtic Britons, such as the Silures. Ancient England was home to similar tribes who belonged to the same broad people. This dramatically changed of course after the Anglo-Saxons arrived, following the Roman withdrawal in the 5th century.
The Normans then invaded both regions in the 11th century. And by 1283, Wales was largely under English control, after King Edward I conquered the independent Welsh principalities. In the mid-16th century, Wales was formally annexed into the Kingdom of England, integrating its legal system and governance. Despite this, Wales retained a distinct cultural and linguistic identity up until now, and Welsh is one of the 6 Celtic languages still spoken today. Yet what are the DNA differences between England and Wales?
Well both peoples descend from 3 ancient sources: post-Ice Age hunter-gatherers, Neolithic farmers, and Bronze Age migrants, largely connected to the spread of the Bell Beaker culture. So both counties ancient genetic history is similar, with England and Wales also both seeing a large scale migration between around 1000 and 875 BC. This was what a 2021 study published in Nature found. And this increased EEF ancestry in both countries, with this migration only effecting southern Britain, and not Scotland which is quite interesting.
This similarity continued through the Iron Age, as the Romans had a very limited genetic impact on Britain in general. It was during the medieval period that we start to see real differences in English and Welsh DNA, including the Vikings.
Sources:
Leslie, S., Winney, B., Hellenthal, G. et al. The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population. Nature 519, 309–314 (2015). doi.org/10.1038/nature14230
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04287-4
Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature 610, 112–119 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
Welsh people - Wikipedia
English DNA 'one-third' Anglo-Saxon - BBC News
BBC News, Welsh people could be most ancient in UK, DNA suggests bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-18489735
English people - Wikipedia
Who do you think you really are? A genetic map of the British Isles | University of Oxford
Celtic History Decoded: English DNA: What is the Genetic History of England?
New Genetic Insights into the Anglo-Saxon Transition in Britain | UCL Division of Biosciences - UCL – University College London
Creative Commons Imagery:
Notuncurious File:Wales.pre-Roman.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons GNU Free Documentation License
Notuncurious File:Britain.south.peoples.Ptolemy.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
Rob984 File:Location map of England in 1700.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Miguel Hermoso Cuesta File:Campaniforme M.A.N. 04.JPG - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Ziko-C File:2004 sutton hoo 01.JPG - Wikipedia Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic - Creative Commons
SKIBLY101 File:DF13 EUROPE.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
שמואל יצחק יעקב File:E1b1b.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Welsh DNA – English DNA – Haplogroups – Genetics – Genetic History – R1b – R1b-L21 – R1b-U106 – Celtic Ancestry – Germanic Ancestry – Welsh Ancestry – English Ancestry – Bell Beaker Britain
#welsh #english #ancestry
Join This Channel on YouTube to Get Access to Perks: youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA/join
Subscribe to Celtic History Decoded - youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA?sub_confirmation=1
Differences Between English & Welsh DNA…
Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:52 Differences Between English & Welsh DNA
4:48 Get Member-Only Videos
5:18 Internal DNA Divisions in Wales & England
6:28 DNA Haplogroups Compared England v Wales
What are the DNA differences and similarities between England and Wales, and how different are they? Now in ancient times, the land we call Wales today was inhabited by tribes of Celtic Britons, such as the Silures. Ancient England was home to similar tribes who belonged to the same broad people. This dramatically changed of course after the Anglo-Saxons arrived, following the Roman withdrawal in the 5th century.
The Normans then invaded both regions in the 11th century. And by 1283, Wales was largely under English control, after King Edward I conquered the independent Welsh principalities. In the mid-16th century, Wales was formally annexed into the Kingdom of England, integrating its legal system and governance. Despite this, Wales retained a distinct cultural and linguistic identity up until now, and Welsh is one of the 6 Celtic languages still spoken today. Yet what are the DNA differences between England and Wales?
Well both peoples descend from 3 ancient sources: post-Ice Age hunter-gatherers, Neolithic farmers, and Bronze Age migrants, largely connected to the spread of the Bell Beaker culture. So both counties ancient genetic history is similar, with England and Wales also both seeing a large scale migration between around 1000 and 875 BC. This was what a 2021 study published in Nature found. And this increased EEF ancestry in both countries, with this migration only effecting southern Britain, and not Scotland which is quite interesting.
This similarity continued through the Iron Age, as the Romans had a very limited genetic impact on Britain in general. It was during the medieval period that we start to see real differences in English and Welsh DNA, including the Vikings.
Sources:
Leslie, S., Winney, B., Hellenthal, G. et al. The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population. Nature 519, 309–314 (2015). doi.org/10.1038/nature14230
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04287-4
Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool. Nature 610, 112–119 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
Welsh people - Wikipedia
English DNA 'one-third' Anglo-Saxon - BBC News
BBC News, Welsh people could be most ancient in UK, DNA suggests bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-18489735
English people - Wikipedia
Who do you think you really are? A genetic map of the British Isles | University of Oxford
Celtic History Decoded: English DNA: What is the Genetic History of England?
New Genetic Insights into the Anglo-Saxon Transition in Britain | UCL Division of Biosciences - UCL – University College London
Creative Commons Imagery:
Notuncurious File:Wales.pre-Roman.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons GNU Free Documentation License
Notuncurious File:Britain.south.peoples.Ptolemy.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons
Rob984 File:Location map of England in 1700.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Miguel Hermoso Cuesta File:Campaniforme M.A.N. 04.JPG - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Ziko-C File:2004 sutton hoo 01.JPG - Wikipedia Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic - Creative Commons
SKIBLY101 File:DF13 EUROPE.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
שמואל יצחק יעקב File:E1b1b.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons
Welsh DNA – English DNA – Haplogroups – Genetics – Genetic History – R1b – R1b-L21 – R1b-U106 – Celtic Ancestry – Germanic Ancestry – Welsh Ancestry – English Ancestry – Bell Beaker Britain
#welsh #english #ancestry
