Uploaded December 2021 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago

---

Featuring Cliff Stoll - bit.ly/Cliff_Videos
More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓

Cliff's website: kleinbottle.com

Numberphile is supported by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI): bit.ly/MSRINumberphile

We are also supported by Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation initiative dedicated to engaging everyone with the process of science. simonsfoundation.org/outreach/science-sandbox

And support from The Akamai Foundation - dedicated to encouraging the next generation of technology innovators and equitable access to STEM education - akamai.com/company/corporate-responsibility/akamai-foundation

NUMBERPHILE
Website: numberphile.com
Numberphile on Facebook: facebook.com/numberphile
Numberphile tweets: twitter.com/numberphile
Subscribe: bit.ly/Numberphile_Sub

Video by Brady Haran and Pete McPartlan

Patreon: patreon.com/numberphile

Numberphile T-Shirts and Merch: teespring.com/stores/numberphile

Brady's videos subreddit: reddit.com/r/BradyHaran

Brady's latest videos across all channels: bradyharanblog.com

Sign up for (occasional) emails: eepurl.com/YdjL9