Uploaded November 2024 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
Bob Stein, Atari Research
Bob Stein worked at Atari Research for 18 months beginning in 1981. He was hired by Alan Kay. He worked almost exclusively on an encyclopedia project, a potential collaboration between Atari and Encyclopaedia Britannica that never went anywhere.
I learned about Bob after he uploaded an item called The Atari Drawings to Internet Archive. It's a collection of nine colorful pencil drawings, drawn in 1982 by Disney animator Glen Keane. The drawings depict futuristic scenarios where people use a computerized encyclopedia to get information: for instance, "An earthquake wakes a couple in the middle of the night. The Intelligent Encyclopedia, connected to an online service, informs them of the severity of the earthquake and makes safety tips readily available." and "A mother and her children looking into a tidepool in Laguna ask the Intelligent Encyclopedia about the plants and animals that they see."
Bob described the collection of art in his introduction to the document:
"In 1982 executives from Warner, Inc., Atari's parent company, were scheduled to visit the Research Lab where the Encyclopedia Project was located. Brenda Laurel and I came up with these scenarios to give the execs a sense of what we were working toward. The drawings were made by Disney animator, Glen Keane.
When you look at these, remember they were made 16 years before Google and 12 years before Yahoo, even 8 years before the earliest web-based search engines.
That said, one of the most interesting things about these scenarios as seen today, is that with the exception of the image of the architect and the teacher none of them indicated any inkling that the most important element of the web to come was that it would bring people into contact with each other. What we see here is almost entirely people accessing content from a central server, no sense that we would be communicating with each other or uploading our own contributions to the collective culture. My own explanation for this lapse focuses on the print-era mentality that saw readers purely as consumers of content."
Bob saved and scanned a large number of materials from his time at Atari, and uploaded them to Internet Archive. In addition to the scans of Keane's Atari Drawings, the documents include memos about the encyclopedia project and a transcript of a 1982 seminar for Atari Research featuring Charles Van Doren. Check the show notes for those links.
After Atari, Bob was co-founder of The Criterion Collection, which restores and distributes important classic films; and co-founder of The Voyager Company, the first commercial multimedia CD-ROM publisher. In 2004, he co-founded The Institute for the Future of the Book, a think tank "investigating the evolution of discourse as it shifts from printed pages to networked screens."
This interview took place December 16, 2023.
The Atari Drawings: archive.org/details/atari-drawings-2023-2nd-try
ANTIC Interview 420 - Brenda Laurel, Atari Research: youtu.be/Ru-ev3zhhus
Whither The Encyclopedia Project - Atari Encyclopedia Project memos: archive.org/details/whither-the-encyclopedia-project-31-october-1982
Back to the Future -- In honor of Encyclopedia Britannica giving up its print edition (Wayback machine): web.archive.org/web/20120920075725/https://futureofthebook.org/blog/archives/2012/04/these_drawings_date_from_1982.html
Stein Kay Atari Memos Pt 1:
archive.org/details/stein-kay-atari-memos-pt-1
Stein Kay Atari Memos Pt 2: archive.org/details/stein-kay-atari-memos-pt-2
Exchange With Steve Weyer And J. David Bolter 1983: archive.org/details/exchange-with-steve-weyer-and-j.-david-bolter-1983_202211
Hadley Letter 1980-12-01: archive.org/details/hadley-letter
Atari...Ifugao Question Journal, Michael Naimark: archive.org/details/atari-.-.-.-ifugao-question-journal-michael-naimark
CVD Atari Seminar 20 December 1982: archive.org/details/cvd-atari-seminar-20-december-1982
Encyclopedia And The Intellectual Tools Of The Future . . . November 1981: archive.org/details/encyclopedia-and-the-intellectual-tools-of-the-future-.-.-.-november-1981
Bob Stein Archives at Stanford: paper.dropbox.com/doc/Bob-Stein-Archives-at-Stanford--CFw2duk8rLoTwwKYjz63orIOAg-KrCRlmiKpDVCSLHtgQHmI
The Digital Antiquarian — Bob Stein and Voyager: filfre.net/2021/06/bob-stein-and-voyager
Charles Van Doren in Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Van_Doren
Bob Stein wants to change how people think about the book (2010): latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-dec-29-la-fi-future-reading-institute-20101229-story.html
Support Kay's interviews on Patreon: patreon.com/savetz
Bob Stein, Atari Research
Bob Stein worked at Atari Research for 18 months beginning in 1981. He was hired by Alan Kay. He worked almost exclusively on an encyclopedia project, a potential collaboration between Atari and Encyclopaedia Britannica that never went anywhere.
I learned about Bob after he uploaded an item called The Atari Drawings to Internet Archive. It's a collection of nine colorful pencil drawings, drawn in 1982 by Disney animator Glen Keane. The drawings depict futuristic scenarios where people use a computerized encyclopedia to get information: for instance, "An earthquake wakes a couple in the middle of the night. The Intelligent Encyclopedia, connected to an online service, informs them of the severity of the earthquake and makes safety tips readily available." and "A mother and her children looking into a tidepool in Laguna ask the Intelligent Encyclopedia about the plants and animals that they see."
Bob described the collection of art in his introduction to the document:
"In 1982 executives from Warner, Inc., Atari's parent company, were scheduled to visit the Research Lab where the Encyclopedia Project was located. Brenda Laurel and I came up with these scenarios to give the execs a sense of what we were working toward. The drawings were made by Disney animator, Glen Keane.
When you look at these, remember they were made 16 years before Google and 12 years before Yahoo, even 8 years before the earliest web-based search engines.
That said, one of the most interesting things about these scenarios as seen today, is that with the exception of the image of the architect and the teacher none of them indicated any inkling that the most important element of the web to come was that it would bring people into contact with each other. What we see here is almost entirely people accessing content from a central server, no sense that we would be communicating with each other or uploading our own contributions to the collective culture. My own explanation for this lapse focuses on the print-era mentality that saw readers purely as consumers of content."
Bob saved and scanned a large number of materials from his time at Atari, and uploaded them to Internet Archive. In addition to the scans of Keane's Atari Drawings, the documents include memos about the encyclopedia project and a transcript of a 1982 seminar for Atari Research featuring Charles Van Doren. Check the show notes for those links.
After Atari, Bob was co-founder of The Criterion Collection, which restores and distributes important classic films; and co-founder of The Voyager Company, the first commercial multimedia CD-ROM publisher. In 2004, he co-founded The Institute for the Future of the Book, a think tank "investigating the evolution of discourse as it shifts from printed pages to networked screens."
This interview took place December 16, 2023.
The Atari Drawings: archive.org/details/atari-drawings-2023-2nd-try
ANTIC Interview 420 - Brenda Laurel, Atari Research: youtu.be/Ru-ev3zhhus
Whither The Encyclopedia Project - Atari Encyclopedia Project memos: archive.org/details/whither-the-encyclopedia-project-31-october-1982
Back to the Future -- In honor of Encyclopedia Britannica giving up its print edition (Wayback machine): web.archive.org/web/20120920075725/https://futureofthebook.org/blog/archives/2012/04/these_drawings_date_from_1982.html
Stein Kay Atari Memos Pt 1:
archive.org/details/stein-kay-atari-memos-pt-1
Stein Kay Atari Memos Pt 2: archive.org/details/stein-kay-atari-memos-pt-2
Exchange With Steve Weyer And J. David Bolter 1983: archive.org/details/exchange-with-steve-weyer-and-j.-david-bolter-1983_202211
Hadley Letter 1980-12-01: archive.org/details/hadley-letter
Atari...Ifugao Question Journal, Michael Naimark: archive.org/details/atari-.-.-.-ifugao-question-journal-michael-naimark
CVD Atari Seminar 20 December 1982: archive.org/details/cvd-atari-seminar-20-december-1982
Encyclopedia And The Intellectual Tools Of The Future . . . November 1981: archive.org/details/encyclopedia-and-the-intellectual-tools-of-the-future-.-.-.-november-1981
Bob Stein Archives at Stanford: paper.dropbox.com/doc/Bob-Stein-Archives-at-Stanford--CFw2duk8rLoTwwKYjz63orIOAg-KrCRlmiKpDVCSLHtgQHmI
The Digital Antiquarian — Bob Stein and Voyager: filfre.net/2021/06/bob-stein-and-voyager
Charles Van Doren in Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Van_Doren
Bob Stein wants to change how people think about the book (2010): latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-dec-29-la-fi-future-reading-institute-20101229-story.html
Support Kay's interviews on Patreon: patreon.com/savetz
