Uploaded March 2009 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770-1827)
Sonata for piano No. 23 in F minor "Appassionata" Op. 57
1. Allegro assai
Performed by Melvyn Tan, fortepiano
*Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 23 in F minor, opus 57, colloquially known as the Appassionata, is considered one of the three great piano sonatas of his middle period (the others being the Waldstein sonata, opus 53 and Les Adieux, Opus 81a). It was composed during 1803, 1804, 1805, and perhaps 1806, and is dedicated to Count Franz von Brunswick. The first edition was published in February 1807 in Vienna.
Like the early Sonata No. 8, "Pathétique", the Appassionata was not named by the composer, but was so labeled in 1838 by the publisher of a four-hand arrangement of the work.
The Appassionata was considered by Beethoven to be his stormiest piano sonata until the Hammerklavier, being described as a "brilliantly executed display of emotion and music". 1803 was the year Beethoven came to grips with his complete deafness, and the Appassionata clearly reflects the emotional turmoil he felt during its composition.
**Maxim Gorky recorded that Vladimir Lenin once said, I know the Appassionata inside out and yet I am willing to listen to it every day. It is wonderful, ethereal music. On hearing it I proudly, maybe somewhat naively, think: See! people are able to produce such marvels! He then winked, laughed and added sadly: Im often unable to listen to music, it gets on my nerves, I would like to stroke my fellow beings and whisper sweet nothings in their ears for being able to produce such beautiful things in spite of the abominable hell they are living in." Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck, writer-director of the 2006 film "The Lives of Others", has said that his movie was inspired by the aforementioned anecdote. (The film tells the story of a Stasi agent who has a moral awakening when coming into contact with music and art.) The characters in the movie even discuss the Appassionata/Lenin story. In the book "The Vampire Armand" by Anne Rice, it is often played by Sybelle, a young girl who with her friend saves Armand after his failed suicide. The second movement of the Appassionata (along with excerpts from other Beethoven piano sonatas) features in the soundtrack of the Coen brothers movie "The Man Who Wasn't There". The third movement of the Appasionata is featured in Season 1 of The Smurfs, episode 2: "Smurfette's Dancing Shoes" The third movement is also played by the fictional character Emil Fouchon in the 1993 John Woo movie Hard Target.
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770-1827)
Sonata for piano No. 23 in F minor "Appassionata" Op. 57
1. Allegro assai
Performed by Melvyn Tan, fortepiano
*Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 23 in F minor, opus 57, colloquially known as the Appassionata, is considered one of the three great piano sonatas of his middle period (the others being the Waldstein sonata, opus 53 and Les Adieux, Opus 81a). It was composed during 1803, 1804, 1805, and perhaps 1806, and is dedicated to Count Franz von Brunswick. The first edition was published in February 1807 in Vienna.
Like the early Sonata No. 8, "Pathétique", the Appassionata was not named by the composer, but was so labeled in 1838 by the publisher of a four-hand arrangement of the work.
The Appassionata was considered by Beethoven to be his stormiest piano sonata until the Hammerklavier, being described as a "brilliantly executed display of emotion and music". 1803 was the year Beethoven came to grips with his complete deafness, and the Appassionata clearly reflects the emotional turmoil he felt during its composition.
**Maxim Gorky recorded that Vladimir Lenin once said, I know the Appassionata inside out and yet I am willing to listen to it every day. It is wonderful, ethereal music. On hearing it I proudly, maybe somewhat naively, think: See! people are able to produce such marvels! He then winked, laughed and added sadly: Im often unable to listen to music, it gets on my nerves, I would like to stroke my fellow beings and whisper sweet nothings in their ears for being able to produce such beautiful things in spite of the abominable hell they are living in." Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck, writer-director of the 2006 film "The Lives of Others", has said that his movie was inspired by the aforementioned anecdote. (The film tells the story of a Stasi agent who has a moral awakening when coming into contact with music and art.) The characters in the movie even discuss the Appassionata/Lenin story. In the book "The Vampire Armand" by Anne Rice, it is often played by Sybelle, a young girl who with her friend saves Armand after his failed suicide. The second movement of the Appassionata (along with excerpts from other Beethoven piano sonatas) features in the soundtrack of the Coen brothers movie "The Man Who Wasn't There". The third movement of the Appasionata is featured in Season 1 of The Smurfs, episode 2: "Smurfette's Dancing Shoes" The third movement is also played by the fictional character Emil Fouchon in the 1993 John Woo movie Hard Target.




![Abel - Arpeggio for Solo Viola da Gamba WKO194
CARL FRIEDRICH ABEL (1723 - 1797)
[Arpeggio] for solo viola da gamba WKO 194
Performed by Susanne Heinrich
*Carl Friedrich Abel was a German composer of the Classical era. He was a fine player on the viola da gamba, and composed important music for that instrument.
Abel was born in Cöthen, the son of Christian Ferdinand Abel, the principal viola da gamba and cello player in the court orchestra of Johann Sebastian Bach (there is a possiblity that Bachs sonatas for viola da gamba and obbligato harpsichord were written for him). There is no proof that Abel studied at Thomasschule Leipzig, but it was on Bachs recommendation that in 1748 he was able to join Johann Adolph Hasses court orchestra at Dresden where he remained for ten years. In 1759 he went to England and became chamber-musician to Queen Charlotte. He gave a concert of his own compositions in London, performing on various instruments, one of which was a five-string cello known as a pentachord, which had been recently invented by John Joseph Merlin.
In 1762, Johann Christian Bach, the eleventh son of Johann Sebastian Bach, joined him in London, and the friendship between him and Abel led, in 1764 or 1765, to the establishment of the famous Bach-Abel concerts, Englands first subscription concerts. In those concerts, many celebrated guest artists appeared, and the works of Haydn received their first English performance.
For ten years the concerts were organized by Mrs. Teresa Cornelys, a retired Venetian opera singer who owned a concert hall at Carlisle House in Soho Square, then the height of fashionable events. In 1775 the concerts became independent of her, to be continued by Abel and Bach until Bachs death in 1782. Abel still remained in great demand as a player on various instruments new and old. He traveled to Germany and France between 1782 and 1785, and upon his return to London, became a leading member of the Grand Professional Concerts at the Hanover Square Rooms in Soho. Throughout his life he had enjoyed excessive living, and his drinking probably hastened his death, which occurred in London on June 20, 1787.
One of the most widely known works of Abel became famous due to a misattribution: in the 19th century, a manuscript symphony in the hand of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, was catalogued as his Symphony no. 3 in E flat, K. 18, and was published as such in the first complete edition of Mozarts works by Breitkopf & Härtel. Later, it was discovered that this symphony was actually the work of Abel, copied by the boy Mozart evidently for study purposes while he was visiting London in 1764. That symphony was originally published as the concluding work in Abels Six Symphonies, Op. 7. Abel - Arpeggio for Solo Viola da Gamba WKO194](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/fElrE7D7tr0/mqdefault.jpg)



![Galuppi - Nisi Dominus in C Minor - Mov 1-3/7
BALDASSARRE GALUPPI (1706-1785)
Nisi Dominus for choir, soloists, strings, and basso continuo
1. Coro: Nisi Dominus [coro]
2. Duetto e Coro: Vanum est vobis [soprano II, contralto, coro]
3. Duetto: Cum dederit [soprano I & II]
Performed by the Kornerscher Sing-Verein Dresden and the Dresdner Instrumental-Concert
Featuring Roberta Invernizzi, soprano I
Lucia Cirillo, soprano II
Sara Mingardo, contralto
Paul Agnew, tenor I
Sergio Foresti, bass I
Directed by Peter Kopp
*Baldassare Galuppi was an Italian composer from Venice, noted for his operas, and particularly opera buffa.
He was born on the island of Burano in the Venetian Lagoon, and as a result, he became known as Il Buranello. His first attempt at opera, La fede nellincostanza ossia gli amici rivali (1722), was a spectacular failure, having been hissed off the stage. He subsequently studied music with Antonio Lotti, and after a brief period in Florence working as a harpsichordist, returned to Venice for another attempt at opera. This time, his opera seria Dorinda (1729) was a success and launched his theatrical career.
In 1740, he was appointed music director of the Ospedale dei Mendicanti, and he worked at St. Marks in Venice from 1748, being appointed maestro di cappella (considered Venices top musical post) there in 1762. He lived and worked for most of his life in Venice, though from 1741 to 1743 he worked in London, and from 1765 to 1768 he worked for Catherine the Great in St. Petersburg.
His first opera buffa was LArcadia in Brenta (1749). This was also his first collaboration with librettist Carlo Goldoni, with whom he produced a number of operas. These works were very popular, with Il filosofo di campagna (1754) a particular success. Goldonis libretto Il mondo della luna, first set by Galuppi, was later used by a number of other composers, including Joseph Haydn and Giovanni Paisiello. Subsequent operas include Lamante di tutte (1760) and I tre amanti ridicoli (1761), written on libretti by the composers son Antonio Galuppi, who wrote under the name A. Liteo.
In his later years, his operatic output decreased somewhat. Among his nonoperatic works are a large number of pieces for harpsichord and several oratorios. By the time of his death, in Venice, Galuppi was one of the best-known and most respected figures in the Venetian musical establishment. A requiem mass was held in his memory at St Marks.
At least two sacred choral works by Antonio Vivaldi have been attributed to Galuppi, a Beatus Vir and a Nisi Dominus.; musicologist Janice Stockigt believes that a Dixit Dominus might be another such work.
Robert Brownings poem A Toccata of Galuppis refers to Galuppi and his work, although no such Toccata exists.
The English pianist Peter Seivewright is currently recording all of Galuppis 90 keyboard sonatas in what will be a projected ten-CD set for The Divine Art record label; he is also publishing them. Galuppi - Nisi Dominus in C Minor - Mov 1-3/7](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ffRe1V7LH_o/mqdefault.jpg)

