Heme Review@chubbyemu Video: youtu.be/LKNfFm0QDXQ Dr Bora Lim is a breast specialist, Associate Professor of Medicine, Director of Translational Research, and Associate Director for Clinical Science at Baylor College of Medicine
She can be reached on Twitter at twitter.com/naborala Audio version of this episode: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/On-Breast-Malignancy-and-Military-Burn-Pit-Exposure-e136rjc
Timestamps: 0:00 Introduction 0:29 What is Breast Malignancy? 1:39 How does Breast Malignancy develop? 3:45 What are the risk factors for Breast Malignancy? 6:46 Brief on industrial chemicals 7:14 On burning waste 8:05 About burn pits 9:11 Burn pits as a likely health hazard 10:32 Dr Lim's veteran patient with stage 3 disease 11:46 Why is breast malignancy different? 14:51 Survival difference between Stage 2 and Stage 4 17:09 What is HR+ / HER2- disease? 19:18 What is ovarian suppression / ablation? 21:19 Do squamous and basal carcinomas increase Breast Malignancy risk? 21:54 Breast augmentation and risk of malignancy 22:16 What happens when Breast Malignancy mutates? 22:59 What happens when the malignancy spreads? 25:33 What can a veteran do if they've been exposed to burn pits? 26:56 New revelations and research on bone metastases 29:10 What can researchers do to establish a stronger link of burn pit exposure with malignancies?
A Discussion On Breast Malignancy And Military Burn Pit ExposureHeme Review2021-06-21 | @chubbyemu Video: youtu.be/LKNfFm0QDXQ Dr Bora Lim is a breast specialist, Associate Professor of Medicine, Director of Translational Research, and Associate Director for Clinical Science at Baylor College of Medicine
She can be reached on Twitter at twitter.com/naborala Audio version of this episode: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/On-Breast-Malignancy-and-Military-Burn-Pit-Exposure-e136rjc
Timestamps: 0:00 Introduction 0:29 What is Breast Malignancy? 1:39 How does Breast Malignancy develop? 3:45 What are the risk factors for Breast Malignancy? 6:46 Brief on industrial chemicals 7:14 On burning waste 8:05 About burn pits 9:11 Burn pits as a likely health hazard 10:32 Dr Lim's veteran patient with stage 3 disease 11:46 Why is breast malignancy different? 14:51 Survival difference between Stage 2 and Stage 4 17:09 What is HR+ / HER2- disease? 19:18 What is ovarian suppression / ablation? 21:19 Do squamous and basal carcinomas increase Breast Malignancy risk? 21:54 Breast augmentation and risk of malignancy 22:16 What happens when Breast Malignancy mutates? 22:59 What happens when the malignancy spreads? 25:33 What can a veteran do if they've been exposed to burn pits? 26:56 New revelations and research on bone metastases 29:10 What can researchers do to establish a stronger link of burn pit exposure with malignancies?
A Marine Inhaled Burning Garbage Fumes While Deployed. This Is What Happened To Her Organs.The More Data You Have, The Further You Are From The TruthHeme Review2023-05-10 | Dr Pavlos Msaouel: faculty.mdanderson.org/profiles/pavlos_msaouel.html Produced by @chubbyemu Audio only version: https://spotifyanchor-web.app.link/e/C3WPkgNWZzb 0:00 Pretext and context MD Anderson Cancer Center 1:42 The Early Experiences That Shaped Dr Msaouel 3:39 The System of Cancer Research In the United States 5:25 FDA Drug Approvals and Special Designations For Oncology 11:09 A trade-off in our current system 12:35 Whoops 😞 I misspoke 14:35 Randomized trials are not supposed to be representative of a population 18:10 Inference for the treatment of Katie Coleman (metastatic oncocytoma) 25:12 It is much more valuable to refute hypotheses than to confirm them 28:05 All Models Are Wrong, But Some Are Useful 30:05 Recasting the Bias-Variance Trade-off as the Patient Relevance-Robustness Trade-off 33:38 High Relevance, Low Robustness: Subjective Bayes 34:46 High Robustness, Low Relevance: Pure Randomization 41:47 Signal To Noise Ratio 45:49 The Big Data Paradox 53:41 How the Big Data Paradox fits in with Katie Coleman's case 54:33 How the Big Data Paradox fits in with other branches of medicine 57:54 How do we rectify subjectivity in The Truth? 01:00:43 How do we address the problems introduced by the Big Data Paradox? 01:04:21 Duality in nature and a Twitter argument re: the Evidence-Based Deep Medicine Iceberg 01:07:03 Why the ideas coming from MD Anderson are coming from MD Anderson 01:09:39 Where you can find Dr Msaouel
Causal Inference: What If. Miguel A Hernán and James M. Robins. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/miguel-hernan/wp-content/uploads/sites/1268/2023/04/hernanrobins_WhatIf_31mar23.pdf
Timestamps: 0:00 Pretext 0:29 I Used To Self-Mix Supplements 2:25 Mixing The Wrong Supplements Causes Accidents 2:54 Caffeine Mechanism of Action 4:12 Caffeine and Sleep 5:09 Why Caffeine Isn't As "Strong" As Other Stimulants 5:52 How Caffeine Dependency Develops 7:09 Chubbyemu's Caffeine Withdrawal 11:15 Caffeine Withdrawal Pharmacobiology
References:
The Signaling Pathways Involved in the Anticonvulsive Effects of the Adenosine A1 Receptor. mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/1/320
A critical review of caffeine withdrawal: empirical validation of symptoms and signs, incidence, severity, and associated features. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15448977
Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) in foods: a comprehensive review on consumption, functionality, safety, and regulatory matters. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20492310
Loxosceles intermedia spider envenomation induces activation of an endogenous metalloproteinase, resulting in cleavage of glycophorins from the erythrocyte surface and facilitating complement-mediated lysis. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000649712036568X?via%3Dihub
An Infestation of 2,055 Brown Recluse Spiders (Araneae: Sicariidae) and No Envenomations in a Kansas Home: Implications for Bite Diagnoses in Nonendemic Areas. academic.oup.com/jme/article/39/6/948/862215The Boy Who Rubbed 1 Tube Of Pain Relief Cream Between His LegsHeme Review2022-05-16 | @chubbyemu video of this case: youtu.be/Le-IKCLGT9A A Toddler Drank His Mom's Essential Oils: youtu.be/TZr0nt2hxbs Audio-podcast version of this video: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu Interview With a DNP Accident Survivor: youtu.be/o15HCjtSkug
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10(13):2835
Risk Factors for Cerebral Edema in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:264-269. Risk Factors for Cerebral Edema in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Role of the mitochondrial permeability transition in salicylate toxicity to cultured rat hepatocytes: implications for the pathogenesis of Reye's syndrome. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol . 1997 Dec;147(2):431-41. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9439738The Student Who Ate 5-Day Old Pasta And His Liver Shut DownHeme Review2022-04-18 | @chubbyemu video: youtu.be/5ujTYLV2Qo4 Audio only version: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/The-Student-Who-Ate-5-Day-Old-Pasta-And-His-Liver-Shut-Down-e1hb47q Tweet me: twitter.com/hemereview IG me: instagram.com/hemereview
Main channel: @chubbyemu Behind the scenes channel: @BigEmus
A Student Ate 5 Day Old Pasta For Lunch. This Is How His Liver Shut Down.
Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies 11th ed.The Woman Who Ate 23 Bananas After Fasting 7 Days And Had Refeeding SyndromeHeme Review2021-11-09 | @chubbyemu A Woman Ate 23 Bananas: youtu.be/nQC_GDTNkQQ A Mom Tried Keto Diet: youtu.be/W74jOR9V6UA The Weird Time When Energy Drinks Fixed My Insomnia: youtu.be/d_qKA6KTvs8 Audio Podcast: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurologic problems. It's stored in the liver and isn't made in humans. It needs to be sourced via diet.Interview With A Renal Medullary Carcinoma SurvivorHeme Review2021-08-21 | @chubbyemu video: youtube.com/watch?v=3E75UvmY9GA A Brief Discussion On Renal Medullary Carcinoma: youtu.be/j7WGP6sJBLk Audio version of this video: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/Interview-With-A-Rare-Renal-Medullary-Carcinoma-Survivor-e167o99 Sickle Cell means Sickle Hemoglobinopathy, including Sickle Cell Disease, Sickle Cell Trait, Beta Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Hemoglobin-C
Thank you Dr Nizar Tannir, Dr Pavlos Msaouel, Cora and Herman Connor, and Dr Loren Stagg Production Assistant: Nick Brown
Renal Medullary Carcinoma is a sickle cell related kidney malignancy that is usually diagnosed in young patients (median age at diagnosis 28 years old). It is considered a rare malignancy but likely afflicts more people than prior literature suggests given that review of that literature shows patients more in line with Renal Medullary Carcinoma rather than Collecting Duct Carcinoma. 3 year overall survival of RMC is 3%. Upfront chemotherapy then surgery is the suggested treatment. Response rate to platinum based chemotherapies, gemcitabine, doxorubicin is 29%.A Drepanocyte Caused Vasoocclusion. This Is What Happened To The Renal Medulla.Heme Review2021-08-18 | @chubbyemu video: youtu.be/3E75UvmY9GA Interview with Herman Connor: youtu.be/w5zLOZE-Goc Audio version of this podcast available at https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/A-Sickle-Cell-Caused-Vasoocclusion--This-Is-What-Happened-To-The-Kidney-Medulla-e1646ln Tweet Dr Msaouel: twitter.com/pavlosmsaouel
Renal Medullary Carcinoma is a sickle cell related kidney malignancy that is usually diagnosed in young patients (median age at diagnosis 28 years old). It is considered a rare malignancy but likely afflicts more people than prior literature suggests given that review of that literature shows patients more in line with Renal Medullary Carcinoma rather than Collecting Duct Carcinoma. 3 year overall survival of RMC is 3%. Upfront chemotherapy then surgery is the suggested treatment. Response rate to platinum based chemotherapies, gemcitabine, doxorubicin is 29%.
References:
Renal medullary carcinoma. The seventh sickle cell nephropathy. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995 Jan;19(1):1-11. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7528470
A Model Linking Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathies and SMARCB1 Loss in Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 May 1;24(9):2044-2049. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29440190
Updated Recommendations on the Diagnosis, Management, and Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria for Patients With Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 Feb;17(1):1-6. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30287223
Five decades of urologic pathology: the accelerating expansion of knowledge in renal cell neoplasia. Hum Pathol. 2020 Jan;95:24-45. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31655169
GG Malouf, NM Tannir, P Rao, P Msaouel. Renal Medullary Carcinoma in Rare Kidney Tumors.
Comprehensive Molecular Characterization Identifies Distinct Genomic and Immune Hallmarks of Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Cancer Cell. 2020 May 11;37(5):720-734.e13. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32359397
High-intensity exercise is a risk factor for renal medullary carcinoma in individuals with sickle cell trait. Preprint.
Atypical carcinoma of kidney originating from collecting duct epithelium. Urology. 1982 Jan;19(1):89-92. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7058597
Genes affecting the regulation of SUC2 gene expression by glucose repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1984 Dec;108(4):845-58. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6392017
Purification and biochemical heterogeneity of the mammalian SWI-SNF complex. EMBO J. 1996 Oct 1; 15(19): 5370–5382. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC452280A Discussion On Over-The-Counter Cough Syrup MisuseHeme Review2021-05-24 | See @chubbyemu video youtu.be/WPxb2IG9MOk Featuring: Dr Sonal Jagasia Patient GG depicted by @MerryRoseHowley Additional patient depictions by @JustinWhangYt
On March 13, the FDA was alerted to five cases of acute non-viral hepatitis (resulting in acute liver failure) in infants and children that occurred in November 2020 with an unknown cause reported to the Southern Nevada Health District. All five patients had been hospitalized but have since recovered. All patients were reported to have consumed “Real Water” brand alkaline water. These patients came from four different households. Five additional people, two adults and three children, from two of the four households were reported to have experienced other symptoms as well. Less severe symptoms included fever, vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite, and fatigue.Why You Should Be Careful With Psyllium Husk Fiber SupplementHeme Review2021-04-05 | @chubbyemu video about Fiber Supplement: youtube.com/watch?v=1MggKIfEld4 @HemeReview Audio-only episode A Grandma Collapsed From Abdominal Pain. This Is What Happened To Her Colon: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/A-Grandma-Collapsed-From-Abdominal-Pain--This-Is-What-Happened-To-Her-Colon-eu9rol
Psyllium husk fiber supplement can be part of a healthy diet, but it must be taken correctly. It has been shown to lower cholesterol levels to an extent, but is best in combination with a proper diet. Always take care to mix psyllium husk with more than enough water. It can become thick and cause problems if it isn't.
Long-term cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium as an adjunct to diet therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/71/6/1433/4729388Interview With A Stage 4 Lung Cancer Survivor (Jill Hamer-Wilson)Heme Review2021-03-30 | Audio-only Podcast version: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu/episodes/Interview-With-A-Stage-4-Lung-Cancer-Survivor-Jill-Hamer-Wilson-etthjn Jill's Blog: throughthevalley.ca The White Ribbon Project: twitter.com/TheWRP4LC LUNGevity Foundation: lungevity.org GO2 Foundation: go2foundation.org Lung Cancer Canada: lungcancercanada.ca Lung Foundation Australia: https://lungfoundation.com.au Lung Cancer Europe (LUCe): https://www.lungcancereurope.eu
Main channel: @chubbyemuA Discussion Of Dinitrophenol In Weight LossHeme Review2021-03-03 | @East-Bound's personal recount of case: youtu.be/7BpymtR2vpA @East-Bound Interview: youtu.be/o15HCjtSkug @chubbyemu video on this case: youtu.be/ChPeG19qKUo @HemeReview Podcast version: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a chemical that is not approved for weight loss in the United States. It is a classic case of efficacy, but without safety in the setting of weight loss. This setting of weight loss can be prone to chemical misuse, further exacerbating understanding in human systems. Christopher is one of 2 - 3 cases documented in literature to have survived an accident with DNP for weight loss. As of 2021, one organization has permission from the US FDA to investigate DNP in some neurodegenerative disorders. These are rare diseases with limited standards of care, therefore extenuating circumstances to find anything that could potentially improve patient outcomes.
Dantrolene is not the answer to 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning: more heated debate. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Dec 19;11(1):e225323. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30573533
The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on adipose-tissue metabolism. Biochem J. 1969 Feb;111(4):431-44. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4388239
The mechanism of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by 2,4-dinitrophenol. J Biol Chem. 1967 Oct 25;242(20):4577-83. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4964808
MECHANISMS OF DINITROPHENOL TOXICITY. Simon E.W. Biological Reviews. Vol 28. (4). Nov 1953.
Mitochondrial uncoupling as a target for drug development for the treatment of obesity. Obes Rev. 2001 Nov;2(4):255-65. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12119996
LC-MS-MS analysis of 2,4-dinitrophenol and its phase I and II metabolites. J Ana Toxicol. Jan-Feb 2007;31(1):55-61. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17389084
Timestamps: 0:00 - Introduction 0:30 - Can you tell me about yourself? 1:21 - How did you get into lifting weights? 3:14 - Bernard talking about his high school experience 4:12 - What was your relationship like with the gym? 5:48 - How did things change in Christopher's life at the end of high school? 8:17 - Other people's perception of weight 9:24 - Christopher describing long time girlfriend cheating on him 10:32 - People judging others based on weight 14:45 - How did you get back in to fitness during college? 17:54 - Weight loss plateau 20:54 - Weight loss supplements 24:46 - Transition from supplements to harder weight loss chemicals 31:04 - What is clenbuterol like? 33:40 - How did you come across DNP? 35:41 - What is being on DNP like? 40:00 - How long did you take DNP for? 44:58 - What do you remember from day of accident? 50:19 - Tales from the emergency room, September 3 2015 51:10 - Waking up in the ICU 55:25 - How did the accident change your relationship with the gym? 57:54 - What would you tell someone thinking of taking DNP today?
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a chemical that is not approved for weight loss. It is a classic case of efficacy, but without safety in the setting of weight loss. This setting of weight loss can be prone to chemical misuse, further exacerbating understanding in human systems. Christopher is one of 2 - 3 cases documented in literature to have survived an accident with DNP for weight loss. As of 2021, one organization has permission from the US FDA to investigate DNP in some neurodegenerative disorders. These are rare diseases with limited standards of care, therefore extenuating circumstances to find anything that could potentially improve patient outcomes.
References:
Role of dantrolene in dinitrophenol (DNP) : A continuing question? Am J Emerg Med. 2019 Jun;37(6):1216.e1-1216.e2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30948257
2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP): a weight loss agent with significant acute toxicity . J Med Toxicol. 2011 Sep;7(3):205-12. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21739343
Dantrolene is not the answer to 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning: more heated debate. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Dec 19;11(1):e225323. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30573533
The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on adipose-tissue metabolism. Biochem J. 1969 Feb;111(4):431-44. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4388239
The mechanism of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by 2,4-dinitrophenol. J Biol Chem. 1967 Oct 25;242(20):4577-83. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4964808
MECHANISMS OF DINITROPHENOL TOXICITY. Simon E.W. Biological Reviews. Vol 28. (4). Nov 1953.
Mitochondrial uncoupling as a target for drug development for the treatment of obesity. Obes Rev. 2001 Nov;2(4):255-65. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12119996
LC-MS-MS analysis of 2,4-dinitrophenol and its phase I and II metabolites. J Ana Toxicol. Jan-Feb 2007;31(1):55-61. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17389084
Licorice candy has glycyrrhizin which increases cortisol (stress hormone) levels in the body. This causes hypokalemia. Hypo- low. Kal- kalium (potassium). emia- presence in blood. Potassium signals muscle relaxation. Low potassium, low relaxation. Heart can't relax, then it stops.
Real licorice candy is not easy to get in the United States. It's not at big chain grocery stores. Most of what you can buy from the big brands is licorice flavored, and won't do this.
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet.
The Pharmacological Activities of Glycyrrhizinic Acid (“Glycyrrhizin”) and Glycyrrhetinic Acid. Sweeteners. 2018 : 245–261. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123798
The Pharmacology and Use of H1-Receptor-Antagonist. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:1663-1670
Advances in H1-Antihistamines. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:2203-2217
Cardiac arrest caused by diphenhydramine overdose. Acute Med Surg. 2018 Oct; 5(4): 380–383.
IV Lipid Emulsion Infusion in the Treatment of Severe Diphenhydramine. Am J Case Rep. 2019 May 29;20:758-763.
Diphenhydramine with Intraventricular Conduction Delay Treated with Hypertonic Sodium Bicarbonate and IV Lipid Emulsion. West J Emerg Med. 2014 Nov; 15(7): 855–858.
Diphenhydramine in a 26-year-old Woman. J Emerg Nurs. 2008 Dec;34(6):543-4.A Brief Discussion of HeatstrokeHeme Review2020-08-15 | Listen to this episode in podcast format ▶️ https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu @chubbyemu video of this case ▶️ youtu.be/fr8bp8a2QS4 The Body After Drinking A Snowglobe ▶️ youtu.be/elzijduKNS8 The Body After 2 Gallons Coffee In 3 Hours ▶️ youtu.be/rn-WLpa_nyQ
Heatstroke is a serious problem and the heatwaves that cause it, claim more lives on average than any other weather event in USA. While generally thought to affect the elderly and the very young, it can affect people of all ages, not just because of the heat in the environment (classic heatstroke) but also because of activity (exertional heatstroke). The problems caused by heatstroke sometimes happen but don't appear clinically, like GI ischemia.
Bitcoin is a decentralized cryptocurrency that's used in peer to peer transactions. This happened in 2011 when individual people could still mine coins, but now, miners are usually pools or in large facilities in places that have cheap electricity and cool climate to save on computer cooling costs.
References: 0 Heat Stroke. Compr Physiol 5:611-647, 2015. 1 Heatstroke N Engl J Med 2019; 380:2449-2459. 2 Mechanisms of circulatory and intestinal barrier dysfunction during whole body hyperthermia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280: H509–H521, 2001. 3 The Impact of Mild Heat Stress During Prolonged Running On Gastrointestinal Integrity, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Systemic Endotoxin and Cytokine Profiles. Int J Sports Med 2018; 39: 255–263. 4 Heat stroke: Role of the systemic inflammatory response. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Dec;109(6):1980-8. 5 Endotoxaemia in exhausted runners after a long-distance race. S Afr Med J. 1988 May 7;73(9):533-6. 6 Pathogenesis of nonocclusive ischemic colitis. Ann Surg. 1986 Jun;203(6):590-9.The Body After Drinking A SnowglobeHeme Review2020-07-20 | A Dad Mistakenly Drank A Snowglobe. This Is What Happened To His Kidneys: youtu.be/UrbylXMU8Mw A Man Drank 2 Liters Moonshine In 2 Hours. This Is what Happened To His Brain: youtu.be/4DQUrg0Yhu4 The Body After Drinking 2 Gallons Coffee In 3 Hours: youtube.com/watch?v=rn-WLpa_nyQ&list=PLAHeV2H_YiGUYhHOF4wRMCuqBIJvrnWqS&index=6&t=1s All Heme Review episodes (playlist): youtube.com/playlist?list=PLAHeV2H_YiGUYhHOF4wRMCuqBIJvrnWqS
Additional photos courtesy Radiopaedia.org, and Wellcome Collection. Pathology slides courtesy BMJ Case Reports, September 12 2019
Most snowglobes are just made of water, but some can contain ethylene glycol. Most of those usually don't contain enough ethylene glycol to cause damage, but keep the word "usually" in mind. A homemade snowglobe can contain concentrations of anything, which is what happened in this case.
Ethylene glycol can cause a profound high anion gap metabolic acidosis, and we'll explain the science, chemistry and physiology behind that in this episode.
References: Delayed ethylene glycol presenting with abdominal pain and multiple cranial and peripheral neuropathies: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports volume 4, Article number: 220 (2010).
Multiple Cranial Nerve Deficits After Ethylene Glycol. Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Feb;20(2):208-10. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1996809
Some caffeine is OK. 1-2 cups of coffee can generally be ok. Unreasonably large amounts of caffeine NOT OK.
References: [0] Hensher C, Vogel J. Insulin Euglycemic Therapy in the Treatment of Caffeine. Chest. 2020 May;157(5):e145-e149. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32386647
[1] Multi-modal contributions to detoxification of acute pharmacotoxicity by a triglyceride micro-emulsion. J Control Release. 2015 Jan 28; 198: 62–70.
[2] Rall TW, Sutherland EW. Formation of a Cyclic Adenine Ribonucleotide By Tissue Particles. J Biol Chem 1958, 232:1065-1076.
[3] A Case of Exercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis Associated With A Weight Loss Dietary Supplement. Military Medicine, 172, 6:656, 2007.
[4] Yamada Y, et. al. The mode of action of caffeine on catecholamine release from perfused adrenal glands of cat. Br. J. Pharmacol. (1989), 98, 351-356.
[5] Effects of Caffeine on Plasma Renin Activity, Catecholamines and Blood Pressure. N Engl J Med 1978; 298:181-186.
[6] Caffeine resulting in severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. American Journal of Emergency Med 32 (2014) 111.e3-111.e4.
[7] Eteng, MU, et. al. Recent advanced in caffeine and theobromine toxicities: a review. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 51: 231-243, 1997.
[8] Jabbar SB, et. al. Caffeine: A case report and review of literature. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. Vol 34, N4, Dec 2013.
[9] Bioh G. et. al. Survival of caffeine. BMJ Case Rep 2013. bcr-2012-007454.A Future Of MedicineHeme Review2020-05-04 | When I say future, I mean many hundreds of years. The Farmer Who Removed His Melanoma With A Pocket Knife ▶️youtu.be/bxGS07U-B98 The Truth About The Hydroxychloroquine Study ▶️ youtu.be/smI60BngTns Chinese Doctors Explain▶️youtu.be/b4zely3ofBk
Audio version of Heme👏Review👏Podcast ▶️https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu
References: [0] Chapman PB et. al. Vemurafenib in patients with BRAFV600 mutation-positive metastatic melanoma: final overall survival results of the randomized BRIM-3 study.Ann Oncol. 2017 Oct 1;28(10):2581-2587. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28961848
[1] Chapman PB. Improved Survival with Vemurafenib in Melanoma with BRAF V600E Mutation. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2507-2516. nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1103782
[2] Amy Harmon. New Drugs Stir Debate on Rules of Clinical Trials. New York Times, September 19, 2010. nytimes.com/2010/09/19/health/research/19trial.htmlThe Farmer Who Removed His Skin Cancer With A Pocket KnifeHeme Review2020-04-13 | Original Video about the Farmer KC ▶️youtube.com/watch?v=KKaJhQBusH8 Audio version of Heme👏Review👏Podcast ▶️https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu Some music by @Lifeformed check out his music at his Bandcamp ▶️lifeformed.bandcamp.com Other music inspired by Bobby Prince
References: [0] Melanoma brain metastases: current areas of investigation and future directions. Cancer J. 2017 Jan-Feb; 23(1): 68–74. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5300745
[1] The metastatic cycle: metastatic niches and cancer cell dissemination. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2014 Nov;12(11):1012-9. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25307562
[2] BRAF Targets in Melanoma: Biological Mechanisms, Resistance, and Drug Discovery. Humana Press. 2015.
[5] Transport Phenomena. Bird, Stewart, Lightfoot, 2nd Ed.
#melanoma #oncologyA Brief Discussion of Hydroxychloroquine In COVID-19 (March 2020)Heme Review2020-04-09 | This episode was recorded on and is current up to Friday March 27 2020 Heme Review Podcast (full audio) ▶️https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu Understanding COVID-19 From Cases Described By Doctors In China ▶️youtube.com/watch?v=b4zely3ofBk
- Statistical review of Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. zenodo.org/record/3724167#.Xn7LRy2ZPAy
- White NJ. The treatment of malaria. N Engl J Med. 1996;335(11):800.
- Warhurst DC et. al. Hydroxychloroquine is much less active than chloroquine against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, in agreement with its physicochemical properties. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;52(2):188. Epub 2003 Jul 1.
#coronavirus #COVID19 #sarscov2Understanding COVID-19 From Cases Described By Doctors In ChinaHeme Review2020-03-15 | This episode is current up to Friday March 6 To hear the audio as a podcast: https://anchor.fm/chubbyemu Guest Appearance: Dr. Joe Akin, PhD, Immunologist alumnus from Harvard Medical school, of refigure.org Please check out refigure.org/: Save and organize journal figures in one-click. (not sponsored) Cross-reactivity of anti-SARS coronavirus antibodies to 2019 coronavirus: refigure.org/collections/item/47e25c50-51e1-11ea-80e3-85045318a762 Music by Lifeformed. Please check out his music at his Bandcamp: lifeformed.bandcamp.com Additional music inspired by Robert Prince
Papers described in show: Clinical Course And Outcomes Of Critically Ill Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia In Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet. doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5 Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. New England Journal Of Medicine. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032 Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, Of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. New England Journal Of Medicine. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316 A Novel Coronavirus from Patients With Pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal Of Medicine. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017