Uploaded December 2021 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Donations very much appreciated:
paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=64QMBRBXQSV6G
Or, if you prefer "Cash App" you can use: cash.me/$Lifeprint
Or use Patreon at patreon.com/ASLU
Want to order a USB drive with four semesters worth of ASL video instruction? (ASL 1, ASL 2, ASL 3, and ASL 4) for $79.95?
See "SuperUSB" in the ASLUniversity bookstore at:
lifeprint.com/bookstore/bookstore.htm
For free ASL lessons check out:
lifeprint.com/asl101/lessons/lessons.htm
For a great “100 First ASL Signs” resource, see:
lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/concepts.htm
To learn basic fingerspelling see youtu.be/va1aAXpVr2w
Instructor Bio, see:
lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/instructor.htm
Take care and love to you all.
- Dr. Bill
:)
==========================
ASL American Sign Language Questions Series (005)
Dr. Bill Vicars with Cäsar Jacobson
Intended audience: Students who have who have completed Level 2 or higher of the ASL University curriculum at Lifeprint.com.
youtu.be/tVKo8KhOvgA
=============================
A phrase is a group of words or signs that express a concept and is used as a unit within a sentence.
PHRASE-(fs) MEANING SENTENCE WORD++ IX-they FUNCTION SAME 1 CONCEPT
Phrase example: EAT FINISH
Phrase example: RUN-out-of FOOD (no facial grammar)
Sentence: FOOD (brows up) RUN-out-of (nod head) = a whole sentence
Review: What do we call a group of signs that express a concept and are used as a unit within a sentence?
Answer: a phrase
For example ...
RUN-out-of FOOD (no facial grammar) = a phrase: "run out of food"
We can add a subject to form to form a complete sentence. For example...
WE RUN-out FOOD.
Or we can add facial grammar and a “nod” to form a complete sentence. For example...
FOOD (brows up) RUN-out (nod head) = a whole sentence
Both of the following are correct ways to sign ...
WE RUN-out FOOD.
FOOD (brows up) RUN-out (nod)
Compare:
We ran out of food.
The food? It ran out.
If you know how to sign something but don't know how to spell it a good way to ask how to spell something is to ...
1. Sign the concept with your eyebrows up
then ...
2. Sign: HOW SPELL with your eyebrows down.
APPLE (brows up), HOW SPELL? (brows down)
HOW SPELL vs SPELL HOW
Despite what your ASL 1 teacher may have told you don’t need to put HOW to the right of SPELL.
HOW SPELL forms a “WH phrase”
You can even replace the concept of “how” by signing SPELL with your brows down:
APPLE (brows up) SPELL? (brows down)
FLOWER
ROSE
vs
RESTAURANT
DRAW art
design
illustrate
sketch
Ask me the following question ...
ROSE? (brows up) DRAW HOW? (brows down)
There are many signs for PIZZA
Today let’s do the ZZA version of pizza.
DOUGH version 1 spell it: fs-DOUGH
DOUGH version 2: In high context situations you can depict it
CHEESE
TOMATO version 1 version 2
SAUCE = pour on
OVEN version 1 spell it
OVEN version 2 depict it
BAKE = put in oven
OLIVE OIL spell it
General sign for: gravy, oil drippings etc.
Use your facial expression to create meaning of = GREASE or greasy
Can use either the middle or the index finger (and thumb) for both gravy or greasy.
Ask me the following question ...
PIZZA, HOW MAKE?
BED (for sleep) vs FLOWER fs-BED
BUG insect critter
bed bug = fs-BED BUG
VACUUM
WASH-in-machine = washing machine or laundry
HOT WATER
DISH-WASHER (machine)
(clothes) DRYER version 1: DRY spin around
DRYER version 2: DRY DRY (needs context)
DELETE can mean: get rid of
Ask me the following question ...
fs-BED BUG HOW RID-of?
_
Snapchat version 1: spell “SC”
You might see many different (weird) versions like: SNAP + CHAT
you might see: take picture of self + chat
Recommend you spell Snapchat on 1st use then spell SC after that
DISAPPEAR
DISSOLVE melt solve
fade
MESSAGE
CHAT chatting
PICTURE version 1 version 2
send back and forth electronically
Ask me the following question:
SC WHAT THAT?
_
Review
BAKE = put in oven
bed bug
chat
CHEESE
DISAPPEAR
DISSOLVE melt solve
fade
DRAW art
design
sketch
dryer version 1
DRY spin around
dryer version 2
DRY DRY (needs context)
FLOWER fs-BED
fs-DOUGH
get rid of
delete
edit
gravy
oil drippings
HOW SPELL?
vs
(how)-SPELL?
MESSAGE
PICTURE
version 1 &
version 2
pizza version:
ZZA
pour on
sauce
RESTAU-RANT non-initialized version
ROSE
send back and forth electron-ically
Snapchat
TOMATO version 1 version 2
VACUUM
WASH-in-machine
=
washing machine
Ask me how to spell APPLE.
Ask me ...
How to draw a rose?
How to make pizza?
How to get rid of bed bugs
What is Snapchat?
Donations very much appreciated:
paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=64QMBRBXQSV6G
Or, if you prefer "Cash App" you can use: cash.me/$Lifeprint
Or use Patreon at patreon.com/ASLU
Want to order a USB drive with four semesters worth of ASL video instruction? (ASL 1, ASL 2, ASL 3, and ASL 4) for $79.95?
See "SuperUSB" in the ASLUniversity bookstore at:
lifeprint.com/bookstore/bookstore.htm
For free ASL lessons check out:
lifeprint.com/asl101/lessons/lessons.htm
For a great “100 First ASL Signs” resource, see:
lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/concepts.htm
To learn basic fingerspelling see youtu.be/va1aAXpVr2w
Instructor Bio, see:
lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/instructor.htm
Take care and love to you all.
- Dr. Bill
:)
==========================
ASL American Sign Language Questions Series (005)
Dr. Bill Vicars with Cäsar Jacobson
Intended audience: Students who have who have completed Level 2 or higher of the ASL University curriculum at Lifeprint.com.
youtu.be/tVKo8KhOvgA
=============================
A phrase is a group of words or signs that express a concept and is used as a unit within a sentence.
PHRASE-(fs) MEANING SENTENCE WORD++ IX-they FUNCTION SAME 1 CONCEPT
Phrase example: EAT FINISH
Phrase example: RUN-out-of FOOD (no facial grammar)
Sentence: FOOD (brows up) RUN-out-of (nod head) = a whole sentence
Review: What do we call a group of signs that express a concept and are used as a unit within a sentence?
Answer: a phrase
For example ...
RUN-out-of FOOD (no facial grammar) = a phrase: "run out of food"
We can add a subject to form to form a complete sentence. For example...
WE RUN-out FOOD.
Or we can add facial grammar and a “nod” to form a complete sentence. For example...
FOOD (brows up) RUN-out (nod head) = a whole sentence
Both of the following are correct ways to sign ...
WE RUN-out FOOD.
FOOD (brows up) RUN-out (nod)
Compare:
We ran out of food.
The food? It ran out.
If you know how to sign something but don't know how to spell it a good way to ask how to spell something is to ...
1. Sign the concept with your eyebrows up
then ...
2. Sign: HOW SPELL with your eyebrows down.
APPLE (brows up), HOW SPELL? (brows down)
HOW SPELL vs SPELL HOW
Despite what your ASL 1 teacher may have told you don’t need to put HOW to the right of SPELL.
HOW SPELL forms a “WH phrase”
You can even replace the concept of “how” by signing SPELL with your brows down:
APPLE (brows up) SPELL? (brows down)
FLOWER
ROSE
vs
RESTAURANT
DRAW art
design
illustrate
sketch
Ask me the following question ...
ROSE? (brows up) DRAW HOW? (brows down)
There are many signs for PIZZA
Today let’s do the ZZA version of pizza.
DOUGH version 1 spell it: fs-DOUGH
DOUGH version 2: In high context situations you can depict it
CHEESE
TOMATO version 1 version 2
SAUCE = pour on
OVEN version 1 spell it
OVEN version 2 depict it
BAKE = put in oven
OLIVE OIL spell it
General sign for: gravy, oil drippings etc.
Use your facial expression to create meaning of = GREASE or greasy
Can use either the middle or the index finger (and thumb) for both gravy or greasy.
Ask me the following question ...
PIZZA, HOW MAKE?
BED (for sleep) vs FLOWER fs-BED
BUG insect critter
bed bug = fs-BED BUG
VACUUM
WASH-in-machine = washing machine or laundry
HOT WATER
DISH-WASHER (machine)
(clothes) DRYER version 1: DRY spin around
DRYER version 2: DRY DRY (needs context)
DELETE can mean: get rid of
Ask me the following question ...
fs-BED BUG HOW RID-of?
_
Snapchat version 1: spell “SC”
You might see many different (weird) versions like: SNAP + CHAT
you might see: take picture of self + chat
Recommend you spell Snapchat on 1st use then spell SC after that
DISAPPEAR
DISSOLVE melt solve
fade
MESSAGE
CHAT chatting
PICTURE version 1 version 2
send back and forth electronically
Ask me the following question:
SC WHAT THAT?
_
Review
BAKE = put in oven
bed bug
chat
CHEESE
DISAPPEAR
DISSOLVE melt solve
fade
DRAW art
design
sketch
dryer version 1
DRY spin around
dryer version 2
DRY DRY (needs context)
FLOWER fs-BED
fs-DOUGH
get rid of
delete
edit
gravy
oil drippings
HOW SPELL?
vs
(how)-SPELL?
MESSAGE
PICTURE
version 1 &
version 2
pizza version:
ZZA
pour on
sauce
RESTAU-RANT non-initialized version
ROSE
send back and forth electron-ically
Snapchat
TOMATO version 1 version 2
VACUUM
WASH-in-machine
=
washing machine
Ask me how to spell APPLE.
Ask me ...
How to draw a rose?
How to make pizza?
How to get rid of bed bugs
What is Snapchat?

![ASL Lexicographer Field Notes (001)
Donations very much appreciated:
https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd s-xclick&hosted_button_id=64QMBRBXQSV6G
Or, if you prefer Cash App you can use: https://cash.me/$Lifeprint
Or use Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/ASLU
Special thanks to student Assistant: Cassie
William G. Vicars, Ed.D., (a.k.a. Dr. Bill of ASL University) is a former full-time, tenured, full-professor, and researcher at Sacramento State University where he served as coordinator of the American Sign Language and Deaf Studies bachelor degree program. He is Deaf. He holds an earned doctorate in Deaf Studies / Deaf Education from Lamar University in Texas, and has over 30 years of experience instructing and providing workshops in a wide variety of settings including internationally (Singapore, Guyana, etc.) in-person and online. He is the director of Lifeprint.com one of the worlds most popular web destinations for learning about sign language and Deaf people. Through his YouTube channel at https://YouTube.com/@sign-language he shares ASL instruction with over 500,000 subscribers. He is married to Deaf culture researcher and pundit Bee Vicars, MFA, who is also Deaf.
Want to order a USB drive with four semesters worth of ASL video instruction? (ASL 1, ASL 2, ASL 3, and ASL 4) for $79.95?
See SuperUSB in the ASLUniversity bookstore at:
https://lifeprint.com/bookstore/bookstore.htm
For free ASL lessons check out:
https://lifeprint.com/asl101/lessons/lessons.htm
For a great “100 First ASL Signs” resource, see:
http://lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/concepts.htm
To learn basic fingerspelling see https://youtu.be/va1aAXpVr2w
Instructor Bio, see:
http://www.lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-layout/instructor.htm
Take care and love to you all.
- Dr. Bill
:)
Lexicographer-001 PPT Summary:
ASK (request) vs. ASK-to Nuance: = little differences in meaning
Im not asking you. vs Im not asking anything of you.
How do you sign the concept of AUTHOR?
How do you sign the concept of EDITOR? EDITOR (version 1) spell it
EDITOR (version 2) CHANGE (adjust version) + PERSON (non-initialized)
EDITOR (version 3) OMIT (flick thumb version) + PERSON (non-initialized)
VIDEO EDITOR (version 1) MOVIE + CLIP + PERSON (non-initialized)
(video) EDITOR (version 2) IX-(me) + CLIP [shift] CLIP + (context)
Occasionally VIDEO EDITOR = MOVIE + fsEDITOR (or sign) ADJUST or OMIT + PERSON
What is a lexicographer?
A lexicographer is an author or editor of a dictionary. In my case: Lifeprint.com and YouTube.com/@aslu
What are some of the various meanings of this sign? [main, major, career, field of work, profession, discipline (as in a branch of knowledge), etc. ]
What common sign can we use in context to mean produce?
*1. PERSON THEMSELF WRITE, EDIT, OR MAKE DICTIONARY, THAT CAREER NAME WHAT? We could have signed that as: PERSON WHO WRITE, EDIT, OR MAKE DICTIONARY THEIR CAREER WHAT?
IMPACT effect hit (Often uses NMM of Pow!)
to FOOL con fraud trick prank
betray DECEIVE trick
* APRIL to-FOOL fs-DAY, YOU LIKE DECEIVE PEOPLE?
ASSERTIVE and AGGRESSIVE use the same location, handshape, and orientation. The movement of AGGRESSIVE can be a bit more aggressive (ha) but yah, the main difference is the facial expression.
KIND as in kindness, benevolence
KIND as in the type of.
* YOU THINK YOU ASSERTIVE TYPE PERSON YOU?
[Context dependent sign: Bury, burial, cemetery, grave, an elongated hill or mound, etc.]
CL-V: Interment as in the placing of a human corpse in a grave.
CREMATE (human or bipedal)
Show me how to inflect DEAD to mean dying
* HAPPEN YOU DIE YOU PREFER BURY OR CREMATE?
How do you sign the in ASL? Version 1: Use the IX (index) sign.
How do you sign the? Version 2: Use the one-handed sign: THAT-one
Signing Exact English (SEE) has a sign that maps to the English word the. Do you know it?
ASL doesnt use the sign THE but if you are an interpreter you need to be able to recognize it if it shows up on your clients hands.
Multiple meaning sign: city, community, town
During high speed, fluent signing you may see one of the contact points of DEAF dropped when signing DEAF COMMUNITY
If you dont believe me, see 13:43 of (See this video on YouTube)
GREECE international version: index finger taps other index finger. Memory aid: crossroads
GREECE (ASL version) G slides off the nose.
THAI
GREECE (nose version) vs THAI
You should sign the version of GREECE that the Deaf people around you sign. (Recognize both.)
Note that a version of the sign for Rome looks like the ASL sign for NAME.
CRAZY (version 1) Index finger (version 2) Loose hand
LONDON (L-hand version)
* YOU PREFER VISIT LONDON OR GREECE YOU?
ASL Lexicographer Field Notes (001)
ASL University at Lifeprint(dot)com
https://youtu.be/uimPICSSYD8 ASL Lexicographer Field Notes (001)](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/uimPICSSYD8/mqdefault.jpg)








