Uploaded July 2026 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
Antenna Design playlist. Watch these video to understand more on Antenna Design.
youtube.com/watch?v=RTtCxtSaG8w&list=PLFxhgwM1F4ywAyke2KC22BLBl1V4vV9Jt
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In antenna engineering, the radiation pattern is one of the most important characteristics because it directly describes the spatial distribution of transmitted power and the directions from which signals can be effectively received.
Radiation plots provide a visual representation of the RF energy radiated by or received by an antenna. These measurements are conducted in a specialized test facility designed to isolate the antenna from external radio-frequency interference. Although factors such as cable type, cable length, and the number of cable joints or connectors can influence signal performance, they are not considered in these measurements.
The diagrams are in relation to a perfect antenna - called an isotropic antenna. This is where an antenna emits energy around a sphere equally. In reality no antenna can do that and in fact we would not want that as it would waste energy.
Typically, 2 or 3 views / cross sections are shown. Looking down from the top of the antenna or from the front / side.
The XY or E planes are looking from the top down.
The XZ, YZ or H Planes are looking at the front or side view of the antenna.
The scale on the diagram is the key point to look at. The scale indicates at what point and what direction the signals are strongest or weakest:
A signal below a 3dB line will have 50% less power than at the input
A signal below a 5dB line will have 68% less power than at the input
A signal below a 6dB line will have 75% less power than at the input
A signal below a 10dB line will have 90% less power than at the input
A signal below a 20dB line will have 99% less power than at the input
The diagrams are a useful guide to antenna performance and show the direction of where the energy is emitted the most. It also shows how much energy is emitted compared to the input power and what signal directions are weakest. When the diagrams contain multiple frequencies, each ‘loop’ on the diagram is normally a different colour and represents a particular frequency.
Sometimes the diagrams show a gain; in this case the 0dB point on the diagram is not the outer edge and anything above that point is gain through directivity. In other words, at the expense of power in another direction.
Antenna Design playlist. Watch these video to understand more on Antenna Design.
youtube.com/watch?v=RTtCxtSaG8w&list=PLFxhgwM1F4ywAyke2KC22BLBl1V4vV9Jt
For access to this presentation materials, membership is required: I need the Material PPT
Sent me an email to Technologies.Discussion@gmail.com
If you need the whole playlist material, send me email and we discuss.
Give me some time to response. Thanks.
In antenna engineering, the radiation pattern is one of the most important characteristics because it directly describes the spatial distribution of transmitted power and the directions from which signals can be effectively received.
Radiation plots provide a visual representation of the RF energy radiated by or received by an antenna. These measurements are conducted in a specialized test facility designed to isolate the antenna from external radio-frequency interference. Although factors such as cable type, cable length, and the number of cable joints or connectors can influence signal performance, they are not considered in these measurements.
The diagrams are in relation to a perfect antenna - called an isotropic antenna. This is where an antenna emits energy around a sphere equally. In reality no antenna can do that and in fact we would not want that as it would waste energy.
Typically, 2 or 3 views / cross sections are shown. Looking down from the top of the antenna or from the front / side.
The XY or E planes are looking from the top down.
The XZ, YZ or H Planes are looking at the front or side view of the antenna.
The scale on the diagram is the key point to look at. The scale indicates at what point and what direction the signals are strongest or weakest:
A signal below a 3dB line will have 50% less power than at the input
A signal below a 5dB line will have 68% less power than at the input
A signal below a 6dB line will have 75% less power than at the input
A signal below a 10dB line will have 90% less power than at the input
A signal below a 20dB line will have 99% less power than at the input
The diagrams are a useful guide to antenna performance and show the direction of where the energy is emitted the most. It also shows how much energy is emitted compared to the input power and what signal directions are weakest. When the diagrams contain multiple frequencies, each ‘loop’ on the diagram is normally a different colour and represents a particular frequency.
Sometimes the diagrams show a gain; in this case the 0dB point on the diagram is not the outer edge and anything above that point is gain through directivity. In other words, at the expense of power in another direction.
