Uploaded October 2021 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
In the US, call 1-800-222-1222 for State Poison Control poisonhelp.org
International Poison Centers contact https://apps.who.int/poisoncentres/
Patient AC portrayed by Oscar Mansky and thanks to my friends at Nyoka Design Labs for the video suggestion!
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Tweet me: twitter.com/chubbyemu
Search for Chubbyemu on Snapchat, I have videos there 😌
Music by @Lifeformed ► lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Eating 1 Gallon Pickles ► youtu.be/gF69voHU_ys
Medicine (playlist) ► youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
Some images by Getty Images
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet. In context of this video, call the poison center if you have any doubts!!
References:
https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/poison-control-center/glow-sticks
illinoispoisoncenter.org/my-child-ate/glow-stick
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/203843
ncpoisoncontrol.org/types-of-poisons/common-poisons-at-home-and-work/glow-sticks
In the US, call 1-800-222-1222 for State Poison Control poisonhelp.org
International Poison Centers contact https://apps.who.int/poisoncentres/
Patient AC portrayed by Oscar Mansky and thanks to my friends at Nyoka Design Labs for the video suggestion!
Get Chubbyemu Merch: crowdmade.com/collections/chubbyemu
My 2nd, in-depth YouTube Channel 👉 @HemeReview
My Secret Third Channel 👉 @BigEmus
IG me: instagram.com/chubbyemus
Tweet me: twitter.com/chubbyemu
Search for Chubbyemu on Snapchat, I have videos there 😌
Music by @Lifeformed ► lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Eating 1 Gallon Pickles ► youtu.be/gF69voHU_ys
Medicine (playlist) ► youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
Some images by Getty Images
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet. In context of this video, call the poison center if you have any doubts!!
References:
https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/poison-control-center/glow-sticks
illinoispoisoncenter.org/my-child-ate/glow-stick
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/203843
ncpoisoncontrol.org/types-of-poisons/common-poisons-at-home-and-work/glow-sticks
![A TikToker Drank 1 Bottle Nutmeg Spice. This Is What Happened To His Brain.
Chubbyemu Podcast ► @HemeReview
All Chubbyemu Medical Videos (Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
A Woman Drank 1 Liter Soy Sauce. ► https://youtu.be/QiBpKuTrFrw
A Grandpas Heart ► https://youtu.be/bJ_ptg9GnDI
Tweet me: https://www.twitter.com/chubbyemu
ig me: https://www.instagram.com/chubbyemus
Music by @Lifeformed ► https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Music by T4N3 ► https://soundcloud.com/t4n3
A Mom Drank 3 Gallons Water In 2 Hours. This Is What Happened To Her Brain. ► https://youtu.be/J3HivpHP-5I
Nutmegs not funny. Dont do it.
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your own physician in person for that.
References:
[0] Zhu X. et. al. Metabolic Activation of Myristicin and Its Role in Cellular Toxicity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2019, 67, 15, 4328-4336.
[1] Beyer J, Ehlers D, Maurer HH. Studies on the metabolism and the toxicologic detection of its ingredients elemicin, myristicin, and safrole in rat and human urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Ther Dru Monit. 2006 Aug;28(4):568-75.
[2] Ehrenpreis JE. et. al. Nutmeg Poisonings: A Retrospective Review of 10 Years Experience from the Illinois Poison Center, 2001–2011. J Med Toxicol. 2014 Jun; 10(2): 148–151.
[3] Payne RB. Nutmeg. NEJM 1963; 269:36-38.
[4] Weil, AT. Nutmeg. Economic Botany. 19, 194–217(1965).
[5] Cushny, AR. Nutmeg Poisoning. Proc R Soc Med. 1908; 1(Ther Pharmacol Sect): 39–44. A TikToker Drank 1 Bottle Nutmeg Spice. This Is What Happened To His Brain.](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Gl3H23g5kT0/mqdefault.jpg)


![An Athlete Squatted 500 Reps In 20 Minutes. This Is What Happened To His Kidneys.
This patient presented to an emergency room in Illinois, 2010
Dr. Pavlos Msaouel, MD, PhD is a leading physician-scientist researching this space. See his publications in references below.
Music by @Lifeformed ► https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com/
A Student Ate Gas Station Sushi For Breakfast. This Is What Happened To His Stomach. ► https://youtu.be/HtZi7nj-WYw
Spanish Translation and dub by Cenzontle Voices Inc CDMX
Dr Bernard Spanish voice Jerry Meza
Dr Msaouel Spanish voice Manuel Pérez
Spanish Medical Advisor Dr. Araceli Morga Vera
Individuals with sickle cell disease are homozygotes of the sickle gene. This is a genetic mutation that developed on the beta chain of red blood cell hemoglobin, that is protective of malaria, endemic in equatorial Africa, where the mutation is currently known to have originated from. It follows Mendelian inheritance. Sickling will cause pain, anemia, chronic tiredness, and kidney damage, among others.
Sickle cell trait refers to heterozygosity. In trait, the RBCs dont typically sickle in the body, but they will in places that are particularly hypertonic and hypoxic. The foremost example of that type of environment, is the kidney medulla. Hypertonicity and hypoxia are favored in this tissue because of its function in water reabsorption in the Loop of Henle. The descending loop into the inner medulla is permeable to water only. As more water flows out into the medulla, it becomes dilute. In the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle, ions can be pumped out of the filtrate and in to the medulla, maintaining hypertonicity of the tissue, allowing more water to be reabsorbed.
In the vasa recta, the RBCs will sickle into the medulla, causing vaso-occlusion. Meaning the mechanisms of maintaining medulla hypertonicity will be compromised, turning hypoxia to become anoxia (pO2 = 0). This damage will force all filtrate to become urine, so water loss will ensue.
In extreme exercise, this will cause hemoconcentration, hypoxemia, worsening lactic acidosis, and increased sickling.
Images are used with license
- Ultrasonography of the Kidney Diagnostics 6 (1): 2.
- RMC CT Case Rep Oncol Med. 2014;2014:615895.
- CT courtesy A.Prof Frank Gaillard, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 10650
References:
[0] Msaouel, P, et. al. A Model Linking Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathies and SMARCB1 Loss in Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 May 1;24(9):2044-2049. PMID 29440190
[1] Msaouel, P, et. al. Updated Recommendations on the Diagnosis, Management, and Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria for Patients With Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 Feb;17(1):1-6.
[2] Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. UpToDate.
[3] Clinical features and diagnosis of heme pigment-induced acute kidney injury. UpToDate.
[4] Errors in ultrasonographic measurements of the kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000;15:549–50.
[5] The variant renal and suprarenal blood supply with data on the interior phrenic, ureteral and gonadal arteries: a statistical analysis based on 185 dissections and a review of the literature. J Int Coll Surg 1958;29:41–76.
[6] Bird, Stewart, Lightfoot. Transport Phenomena. 2007.
[7] G Hagen, Ann Phys Chem, 46, 423-442. (1839).
[8] E Hagenbach, Pogg. Annalen der Physik u. Chemie, 108, 385-426 (1860).
[9] Lancet. 2010;376(9757):2018. PMID: 21131035
[10] Mortality and morbidity in Jamaican adults with sickle-cell trait and with normal haemoglobin followed up for twelve years. Lancet. 1976;2(7989):784. PMID: 61453
[11] Age and prevalence of sickle-cell trait in a large ambulatory population. Genet Epidemiol. 1987;4(4):307. PMID: 3666437
[12] Vander’s Renal Physiology, 9e
[13] Hypoxia of the renal medulla its implications for disease. N Engl J Med 1995;332:647–55.
[14] Renal medullary circulation: hormonal control. Kidney Int. 1990 Jan;37(1):1-13. PMID 2137185
[15] Compartment syndrome and fatal rhabdomyolysis in sickle cell trait.
WMJ. 2005 Aug;104(6):67-71. PMID 16218320
[16] Acute compartment syndrome of the extremities. UpToDate.
[17] Myoglobinuria, rhabdomyolysis and marathon running. Q J Med. 1978;47(188):463. PMID 751088
[18] DNA damage and osmotic regulation in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005 Jul;289(1):F2-7. PMID 15951478
[19] Chromosomal translocations and palindromic AT-rich repeats. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2012 Jun; 22(3): 221–228.
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your own physician in person for that.
#medicine #science An Athlete Squatted 500 Reps In 20 Minutes. This Is What Happened To His Kidneys.](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Hnxqc4sT85I/mqdefault.jpg)
![A Man Ate Garbage-Picked Gas-Station Sushi. This Is What Happened To His Stomach.
🍣🍣🍣All Medicine Videos (Full Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
Check out the music by Lifeformed ► https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Sushi Chef Reviews Cheap Sushi ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPY91NNt3ys
A Day In The Life Of A Sushi Master, Tasty ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wAQxJeyyXo
Infectious Disease (Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qdT7Af oItR9-jg3agW1Uo
Is Meat Bad for You? Is Meat Unhealthy? ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouAccsTzlGU
Toxicology (Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qe9SS_dttfWVHL8boBWxJGp
A Boy Ate Only Chips And French Fries For 10 Years. This Is What Happened To His Eyes. ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VINtwoyaF_8
A Grandma Ate Cookie Dough For Lunch Every Week. This Is What Happened To Her Bones. ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cwa8PdtWapE
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I am a licensed provider educated and trained in the United States. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your doctor in person for that.
References:
[0] Hochberg NS, Hamer DH. Anisakidosis: Perils of the deep. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(7):806.
[1] Audicana MT, Kennedy MW. Anisakis simplex: from obscure ... to inducer of immune hypersensitivity. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008;21(2):360.
[2] Adams AA, Beeh JL, Wekell MM. Health risks of salmon sushi, Lancet , 1990, vol. 336 (8726)pg. 1328
[3] Nawa Y, Hatz C, Blum J. Sushi delights in Asia. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(9):1297.
[4] Van Thiel PH. A nematode ... causing acute abdominal syndromes in man, Trop Geogr Med , 1960, vol. 2 (pg. 97-113).
[5] Kita R, et. al. Hepatic anisakiasis mimicking metastatic liver... Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019; 60: 209–212.
#medical #science #sushi A Man Ate Garbage-Picked Gas-Station Sushi. This Is What Happened To His Stomach.](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/HtZi7nj-WYw/mqdefault.jpg)

![What (Hydroxy)chloroquine Does To The Body
@HemeReview Hydroxychloroquine ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=smI60BngTns
Doctor Mike Interview With Dr. Anthony Fauci ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfcJecd6jtE
Medcram Chloroquine and Zinc video ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7F1cnWup9M
Vitamin D and Immunity by Dr. John Campbell ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5yVGmfivAk
Chubbyemu COVID-19 Playlist ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcOqYV6-5ZB9xleo_PaHxi4
A Grandpa Set His Clock Forward 1 Hour. This Is What Happened To His Heart. ► https://youtu.be/bJ_ptg9GnDI
A Dad Drank 50 Beers Everyday For 6 Weeks. This Is What Happened To His Brain. ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mfrdKXEdPFU
Music by Lifeformed ► https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Medicine (playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your own physician in person for that.
References:
[0] Treatment of Severe Chloroquine Poisoning. New England Journal Of Medicine 1988; 318:1-6.
[1] Hydroxychloroquine is much less active than chloroquine against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, in agreement with its physicochemical properties. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;52(2):188.
[2] Antimalarial toxicity: a review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=14720085
[3] Single IV delivery of chloroquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria: toxicity and immediate therapeutic effects in 110 cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1950;30(4):503.
[4] Taking the idio out of idiosyncratic: predicting torsades de pointes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21(5):1029.
[5] The IKr drug response is modulated by KCR1 in transfected cardiac and noncardiac cell lines. FASEB J. 2003;17(15):2263.
[6] Extracellular potassium modulation of drug block of IKr. Implications for torsade de pointes and reverse use-dependence. Circulation. 1996;93(3):407.
[7] Erythromycin blocks the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current and lengthens repolarization of guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Circulation. 1995;91(12):3010.
[8] The mechanism of toxicity from quinidine and a method of resuscitation: an experimental study . J Clin Invest 1925; 1:497–517.
[9] Chloroquine toxicity. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1983; 15:502–3.
[10] Chloroquine intoxication: two case reports . Forensic Sci Int 1978; 11:177–9.
[11] Experimental assessment of the protecting activity of diazepam on the acute toxicity of chloroquine . J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1983; 20:271–9.
[12] Treatment of chloroquine poisoning with diazepam: preliminary results of an experimental study. Intensive Care Med 1986.
#coronavirus #COVID19 #sarscov2 What (Hydroxy)chloroquine Does To The Body](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ILowf7Tw7QY/mqdefault.jpg)


![A Chef Ate Gas Station Nachos For Dinner. This Is What Happened To His Limbs.
Related case was published as Cureus 2017 Sep; 9(9): e1666. See references below.
All Medicine Videos (Full Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qcMQB6CrU6QRzEi9tt9l1FI
Music by Lifeformed ► https://lifeformed.bandcamp.com
Infectious Disease (Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qdT7Af oItR9-jg3agW1Uo
Good video about a day in the life of a doctor ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gPn7HAPtxhs
Toxicology (Playlist) ► https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL26HeTCO57qe9SS_dttfWVHL8boBWxJGp
A Boy Ate Only Chips And French Fries For 10 Years. This Is What Happened To His Eyes. ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VINtwoyaF_8
A Grandma Ate Cookie Dough For Lunch Every Week. This Is What Happened To Her Bones. ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cwa8PdtWapE
Additional Imagery:
Brain MRI courtesy Dr Bruno Di Munzio: https://radiopaedia.org/cases/normal-brain-mri-4
Descartes. Diagram of the brain and nerves by Wellcome
Brain and Spinal Cord Illustration by Wellcome
These cases are patients who I, or my colleagues have seen. They are de-identified and many instances have been presented in more depth in an academic setting. These videos are not individual medical advice and are for general educational purposes only. I do not give medical advice over the internet, see your own physician in person for that.
This video was recorded with a Canon C200, Sony A7R3, and iPhone 11 Pro. All writing, narration, editing, and animations are by the presenter.
References:
[0] Choudhry SA. et. al. Cureus. 2017 Sep; 9(9): e1666.
[1] Baumert M, Maycox PR, Navone F, De Camilli P, Jahn R. EMBO J. 1989 Feb; 8(2): 379–384.
[2] Ciottone GR. Toxidrome Recognition. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1611-1620.
[3] Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 15; 66(Suppl 1): S43–S56.
[4] Schantz EJ. et. al. Microbiol Rev. 1992 Mar;56(1):80-99. 1579114
[5] Blasi, J. et. al. Nature, 1993, Vol.365(6442), p.160
[6] Drachman DB. et. al. N Engl J Med. 1982 Sep 23;307(13):769-75.
[7] Conti-Fine BM. et. al. J Clin Invest. 2006 Nov;116(11):2843-54.
Please see the great PDF by Lewis S Nelson and Lauren K Shawn published in 2012 on this topic.
#medicine #food #science A Chef Ate Gas Station Nachos For Dinner. This Is What Happened To His Limbs.](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/KNb_MoqxA5o/mqdefault.jpg)
