Uploaded November 2025 | Updated September 2026, 13 hours ago

---

▶️ Session Five: Future of Democracy and Pluralism: How can we reverse illiberal trends?

Nothing is inevitable until it happens, and predicting democracy’s future is no exception. In 2024, more than one-third of the world’s population lived under authoritarian rule. Sixty countries are now classified as “authoritarian regimes”, and the trends that underpin this reality show little immediate sign of being reversed. The global competition between democratic and illiberal and authoritarian societies is central to current geopolitical shifts and seems likely only to intensify. We are seeing trust in democratic institutions being eroded, social media fuelling polarisation within our societies, social and economic inequalities are on the rise, and people are demanding more effective responses by governments.

These trends will be further reinforced by the technological revolution, particularly if its benefits are not open to all. Why will strengthening democracy and pluralism matter in the coming decades, and where should we look for answers to democratic backsliding? Some proffer technology as a means of re-connecting citizens with their elected representatives, while others seek to promote a more participatory, 'grassroots' version of democracy. Strengthening resilience and reducing inequalities in societies is also championed. Addressing disinformation will remain a key challenge, with advances in technology making it virtually impossible for citizens to distinguish fake content from truth. How could Europe lead the way in building a new global alliance for advancing democracy?

Opening remarks:
Henna Virkkunen, Executive Vice-President, Tech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy, European Commission

Speakers:
Oleksandra Matviichuk, Head of the Ukrainian Centre for Civil Liberties
Dr Kevin Casas Zamora, Secretary-General, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA)
Bart M.J. Szewczyk, Public Policy, Covington & Burling LLP and Nonresident Senior Fellow, German Marshall Fund

Moderator:
Paul Adamson, Founder and publisher of Encompass