Endless Journey
Khao Klang Nok - Si Thep Historical Park - Largest Dvaravati Ruin in Thailand - With Drone Footage
updated
Opened in April 2007 under the patronage of the Emir Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, it spans multiple phases of expansion (completed through Phase IV in 2018), covering themed districts inspired by global cities and Kuwaiti heritage, with over 1,100 stores, restaurants, entertainment options, and hotels like the Waldorf Astoria and Hilton Garden Inn.    
Developed by Mabanee Company and designed with input from Gensler, it features areas like Grand Avenue (a 640-meter promenade evoking Paris’s Champs-Élysées), Prestige (luxury brands), SoKu (youth fashion and tech like New York’s SoHo), The Souk (Kuwaiti heritage with spices and local dishes), and The Mall (international chains like Zara, H&M, and Carrefour).  
It employs around 30,000 people and holds LEED Silver certification for sustainability, plus a Diamond ranking for health-promoting features from Kuwait’s Ministry of Health.

Key Features and Offerings
• Shopping: Over 800–1,100 outlets with global brands (e.g., Tiffany & Co., Pottery Barn, Disney, Marks & Spencer) and first-to-Kuwait/Middle East stores, plus local Kuwaiti products like fabrics, dates, and spices in The Souk. 
 
• Dining and Entertainment: Diverse restaurants (international and Kuwaiti), cinemas (e.g., VOX Cinemas), kids’ zones (e.g., KidZania, Magic Planet), and events in the Grand Plaza. 

• Hotels and Amenities: Integrated luxury stays (Waldorf Astoria opened 2022), spas, and family-friendly facilities like prayer rooms and Wi-Fi.
 
• Location and Access: At Al-Rai, between Fifth Ring Road and Al Ghazali Highway, about 6.7 miles (11 km) from Kuwait International Airport (~15–20 min drive). Free parking available; taxis or rideshares common.
 
• Hours: Typically 10 AM–10 PM (extensions on weekends/holidays; check for Ramadan adjustments).
This is a great place to visit during the heat of the day. The food and shopping options are seemingly endless and there is something for everyone to see.
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This group of three slender towers, designed by Danish architect Malene Bjørn in collaboration with Swedish firm VBB (now Sweco), blends functional water storage with modern architecture inspired by Islamic motifs like minarets and mosque domes.   
Construction began in 1971 by Yugoslavia’s Union Inženjering and was completed in 1976, with public opening on March 1, 1979, following a request from Emir Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah for a distinctive design for the sixth set of water towers in Kuwait’s national system.   They received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1980 and survived the 1990 Iraqi invasion undamaged, symbolizing Kuwaiti resilience.  
The towers store 9,000 cubic meters of water total and are covered in ~41,000 enameled steel discs in blues, greens, and grays for a shimmering effect.  
Tower Details
• Main Tower (187 meters tall): Features two spheres—the lower for water storage and the upper (123 meters up) as a revolving observation deck (360° rotation every 30 minutes) with panoramic views of Kuwait City, the Gulf, and desert, plus a restaurant and café.
  
• Second Tower (147 meters tall): Purely a water reservoir, not publicly accessible.
 
• Third Tower (113 meters tall): Houses technical equipment for lighting the others and electricity control; not open to visitors.  
The towers were closed for renovations from 2012 to 2016, reopening with fireworks.   They’re managed by Kuwait’s Touristic Enterprises Company and are on UNESCO’s tentative World Heritage list for their innovative fusion of engineering and culture.
It’s a great place to see the city and worth an hour of your time if you are in the area.
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Named after Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah, the founder of modern Kuwait who ruled from 1896 to 1915, the souk originated around a small kiosk (“kishk”) in the Qibla district.   
This structure initially functioned as a diwan (office) for addressing community issues and grievances, evolving into Kuwait’s first court, with merchants gathering nearby to trade goods like spices, textiles, dates, and pearls, transforming the area into a bustling marketplace.   
The souk’s design, featuring wooden ceilings, palm-frond roofs, and shaded alleys, was adapted to Kuwait’s harsh climate, providing protection from heat and sandstorms while fostering a communal space for haggling, socializing, and cultural exchange.  
It expanded into specialized sections, including markets for fish, meat, sweets, gold (Souq Ad Dahab Al Markazi), and women’s goods (Souq Al Hareem), reflecting Kuwait’s Bedouin and maritime heritage.   Key historical sites within include the Sheikh Mubarak Kiosk (now a free museum displaying artifacts, documents, and weapons from his era) and Kuwait’s first pharmacy, offering glimpses into pre-oil daily life. 

Throughout its history, the souk has endured challenges, including severe damage during the 1990 Iraqi invasion, when infrastructure was heavily impacted amid the occupation and Gulf War.   
It was renovated post-liberation to restore its traditional character, blending heritage with modern touches like LED lights and play areas in areas such as South Mubarakiya (SOMU) or Thouq Square.  
In March 2022, a massive fire broke out, destroying around 300 shops (particularly in perfume, leather, and arms sections), injuring over a dozen people, and causing millions in losses, fueled by wooden structures and flammable goods; investigations followed, but the souk has since recovered through rebuilding efforts.    
Today, as of 2025, it remains a vibrant cultural landmark near sites like the Kuwait Towers, symbolizing Kuwait’s resilient trade legacy.
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Nakhon Nueang Khet Ancient Market (ตลาดโบราณนครเนื่องเขต), also known as Nakhon Khlong Nueang Khet Old Market, is a picturesque 130-year-old riverside market in Khlong Nakhon Nueang Khet Subdistrict, Chachoengsao Province, central Thailand.
Situated at the scenic intersection of Tha Kai Canal and Nueang Khet Canal, it evokes a bygone era with its wooden shophouses, boat-based trading heritage, and vibrant local scene. It’s a top spot for authentic Thai culture, open weekends and holidays (Sat-Sun, 9 AM–4 PM), making it ideal for a relaxed day trip from Bangkok (~1-hour drive east).
Established over 130 years ago during the late 19th century (Rattanakosin period), the market—originally called Si Yeak Tha Kai—flourished as a vital trading hub where canals met, facilitating boat commerce for rice, fruits, and goods in rural Chachoengsao.
The intersection point was a bustling junction for local farmers and merchants. Today, it’s preserved as a heritage site, highlighting the evolution from water-based trade to a community landmark, with restoration efforts maintaining its wooden architecture and cultural significance.
This is a charming market with a lot to offer. They are trying to preserve the community through this market with limited success so far. If you are looking for an off the beaten path locals experience this market is perfect for that.
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Visitors can explore stalls selling fresh seafood, traditional Thai street food (e.g., grilled river prawns, som tam, Mon-style noodles), handmade crafts, antiques, and local produce.
The market is small and local, so expect a more intimate experience compared to larger tourist markets.
Originally named Sam Khok (“three mounds”), Pathum Thani was established around 1660 by Mon migrants fleeing Burmese rule during the Ayutthaya period. These settlers built thriving riverside communities along the Chao Phraya River, engaging in agriculture and pottery production, as evidenced by archaeological sites like the Tao Ong Ang Kiln Ruins.
In 1815, King Rama II visited the area and renamed it Prathum Thani (“City of Lotuses”) after locals presented him with lotus flowers, reflecting the region’s lush wetlands and natural beauty.
By the 19th century, Pathum Thani became a trading hub due to its strategic river location, attracting Mon, Thai, and Chinese communities. Its Mon heritage is still celebrated through festivals like Tak Bat Phra Roi (100 Monks Alms-Giving) during Loy Krathong. Today, it balances cultural heritage with modern developments, hosting universities (e.g., Thammasat) and tech parks while preserving historic areas like Sam Khok.
A market like this is off the tourist trail so if you’re lucky to be able to visit you will be able to experience the local culture.
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Wander along the canal past traditional wooden houses, cross a graffiti-covered bridge for photo ops, and soak in the retro charm. The market blends daily life with creative spaces like art galleries and quirky shops, with cats adding to the charm.
Enjoy Thai street food like som tam, grilled skewers, and traditional desserts, or sip coffee at canal-side spots like Siyaek Hua Takhe Cafe. Many dishes reflect Mon culinary influences.
Rent a kayak (350 THB/hour; 100 THB with canal cleanup) or take a long-tail boat tour (from 200 THB) to explore the waterways and spot wildlife. It’s great for families and photographers.
Founded during King Rama V’s reign (1876-1910), Hua Takhe began as a trading hub at the canal junction, serving agricultural and transport needs. Its wooden shophouses, over 100 years old, have been preserved, making it a cultural snapshot of Bangkok’s riverside heritage amidst modern growth.
From central Bangkok, take the MRT to Lat Krabang Station, then walk 18 min or grab a taxi (50-100 THB) to Soi Lat Krabang 17. Hua Takhe Railway Station is adjacent for train access.
Weekends for livelier crowds; mornings for cooler weather. Open daily, busiest 9 AM-5 PM.
This is a great market and a nice break from the crowds that you will find at many of the other markets.
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Thai League 1, officially known as the Hilux Revo Thai League (and branded as BYD Sealion 6 for the 2025/26 season), is Thailand’s premier professional football competition, established in 1996 as the Thailand Soccer League.
Evolving from semi-professional roots, it has grown into a vibrant, competitive league featuring 16 teams, blending local talent with international stars from Asia, Europe, and South America.
Clubs like Buriram United, with multiple titles, and Muangthong United have dominated historically, while teams like Port FC and BG Pathum United have risen as modern powerhouses.
The league, governed by the Football Association of Thailand, offers AFC Champions League qualification for top finishers and enforces relegation for underperformers, fostering a dynamic and passionate football culture fueled by fervent fanbases and growing global interest.
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Wat Sing is a temple closely associated with the Sam Kok community and has a longer history than the Mon people's settlement in the Sam Kok village.
The architecture of Wat Sing exhibits various art styles from the Ayutthaya period, which have been preserved and cherished by the Sam Kok community.
The Wihan Noi is a small rear temple constructed with Thai style brickwork and adorned with terracotta tiles. The front facade features a gabled roof, and the base of the temple is in the shape of a curved ship's hull, resembling a semi circular stupa. It retains the characteristics of a semi gable with small openings on the sides of the temple, following the architectural style of the Ayutthaya period.
Inside the temple, there is a revered statue called "Phra Phutthasirimahasam" facing the west. It is a large Buddha image crafted from red sandstone, accompanied by standing attendant figures on both sides.
The ancient monastery of Wat Sing was initially built during the Ayutthaya period and underwent significant renovations during the early Rattanakosin Kingdom. It is enclosed by a surrounding wall with triangular shaped segments, symbolizing the art of the Ayutthaya period. The entrance is a triangular brick archway designed in the Ayutthaya style.
The building itself has a rectangular shaped prang with multiple tiers on the roof and a reduction in roof levels, forming three tiers. The corners of the roofs are adorned with small and tall chofas, representing the typical architecture of the Ayutthaya period.
Inside the ordination hall, there is a statue of "Luang Pho Phuttharattanamuni" as the principal Buddha image facing the east. The interior of the ordination hall features a Sukhothai-style Buddha statue surrounded by an inner gallery.
Another remarkable architectural feature, which is rare to find today, is the Wihan Thong or earthen sanctuary. It is an open rectangular structure with terracotta tiles, and its apex is a three-pointed curved gable-end, showcasing beautiful divine and lotus flower carvings.
The interior of the earthen sanctuary consists of a simple wooden pillar structure painted in red.
Inside, there is the revered statue of "Phra Phuttharoungtho" (also known as Phra Phuttharoungthot), an ancient and venerable Buddha image featuring a Rattanakosin style pagoda.
This art piece originates from the Ayutthaya period and is approximately 400 years old.
Behind the glass frame of the pagoda, there is the enshrined statue of "Luang Pho Phet," positioned on both sides.
Adjacent to the earthen sanctuary is the old gabled stupa, which is an ancient building from the Ayutthaya period and had a significant influence from the late Ayutthaya period. In the late period, it transformed into a newly built structure, adopting a two story gabled architectural style. However, it was demolished in 2011.
The temple is a bit out of Bangkok but is worth a visit if you enjoy seeing old temples as much as I do.
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Wat Chang, also known as วัดฉาง in Thai, is a historic Buddhist temple located in Mueang Pathum Thani District, Pathum Thani Province, in the central region of Thailand. It sits along the banks of the Chao Phraya River, making it a serene riverside site steeped in Mon cultural heritage. The temple is situated about 1 km south of Pathum Thani town center and roughly 6 km from Tambon Sam Khok, near the provincial town hall.
History
The temple’s origins trace back to the early 19th century, during the reign of King Rama II (1809–1824) of the Rattanakosin Kingdom. It was founded by Mon (Burman) migrants who fled oppression under Burmese rule in their homeland (modern-day Myanmar). Led by a figure named Samingsodbao, around 40,000 Mon people resettled in the Pathum Thani and Nonthaburi areas. The settlement was named “Ban Chang” (บ้านฉาง), meaning “elephant barn” or more broadly “storage barn,” due to the construction of communal barns for storing agricultural tools and rice—Pathum Thani being a key rice-producing plain along the Chao Phraya.
The Mon community established Wat Chang as a center for merit-making, religious ceremonies, and community gatherings. The temple received official permission to construct its ubosot (ordination hall) on July 13, 1891, marking a significant expansion.
Today, it remains an active wat under the Mahanikaya sect of Thai Buddhism, preserving Mon architectural influences amid the province’s blend of rural traditions and urban growth.
Description and Attractions
Wat Chang features classic Thai-Mon style architecture, with its riverside location offering peaceful views of the Chao Phraya—a vital waterway for trade and irrigation in the region. Key structures include:
• Ubosot (Ordination Hall): The main hall, built in 1891, houses sacred Buddha images and serves as the ritual center. It exemplifies Mon craftsmanship with intricate gables and stucco decorations.
• Vihara and Shrines: Smaller pavilions for worship, often adorned with murals depicting Jataka tales (stories of the Buddha’s past lives).
• Chedis and Relics: Scattered stupas and antique boundary stones (sema) that highlight its historical depth. The temple grounds include permanent antique structures from the Mon migration era.
The temple is modest compared to grander sites like Wat Phra Dhammakaya (also in Pathum Thani), but its authenticity appeals to those interested in ethnic Mon history and lesser-visited cultural gems. It’s dotted with ancient artifacts, reflecting the Mon’s role in shaping central Thailand’s rice-farming communities.
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History and Founding
Established during the early Rattanakosin period (late 18th to early 19th century), shortly after the founding of Bangkok in 1782, Wat Chetawong reflects the era’s blend of Ayutthaya architectural influences and local Mon craftsmanship. The temple likely served a small riverside community in what was then a fertile, irrigation-rich area settled by Mon migrants from Myanmar over 300 years prior. Over time, as Pathum Thani urbanized and the Chao Phraya River shifted, the temple fell into disuse, becoming “abandoned” by the mid-20th century. It’s now under the protection of Thailand’s Fine Arts Department, with ongoing conservation efforts to preserve its structures from weathering and neglect. Artifacts like ancient Buddha images and murals hint at its role in local merit-making and education before abandonment.
Architectural Highlights
The site’s main feature is its small, single-door ubosot (ordination hall), built in a classic “Maha Ut” style typical of early Rattanakosin temples:
• Structure: Brick-and-mortar construction with a gabled roof, three windows per side, and ornate pediments. The hall measures about 10x15 meters, emphasizing simplicity over grandeur.
• Murals: Faded but evocative 19th-century frescoes on the interior walls depict Jataka tales and previous lives of the Buddha (e.g., Buddha with disciples above window frames). These paintings, executed in traditional Thai-Mon style with gold leaf accents, are a rare surviving example of the period’s artistry—though time and humidity have blurred much of the detail.
• Principal Buddha Image: A seated Buddha in the subduing Mara posture (Phra Phuttha Chinarat style) at the altar, surrounded by smaller relics.
• Other Elements: Scattered ruins include boundary markers (sema stones) and remnants of a chedi base, overgrown with vines for an abandoned feel.
The temple grounds are modest, with no active monks or facilities—just the ubosot and surrounding foliage along a quiet soi (alley).
Wat Chetawong embodies Pathum Thani’s layered history: a forgotten whisper amid the province’s lotus-filled temples and modern hum. If you’re into ruins with a spiritual twist, it’s worth the detour—just don’t expect grandeur, but rather quiet reverence.
It is a snapshot of Pathum Thani’s transition from Ayutthaya outpost to modern suburb, showcasing how riverside temples anchored Mon communities.
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Historical Development
1. Dvaravati Origins (6th–8th Centuries):
• Si Mahosot emerged as a key city in the Dvaravati kingdom, a loose network of Mon city-states in central and eastern Thailand.
• It was a hub for trade and cultural exchange, connecting India, China, and other Southeast Asian regions via maritime and overland routes.
• Archaeological evidence shows a fortified city with moats and earthen walls, suggesting defense needs and centralized planning.
• The city thrived on agriculture (rice farming in fertile plains) and craftsmanship, with pottery, beads, and metalwork found in excavations.
2. Khmer Influence (9th–13th Centuries):
• By the 9th century, Si Mahosot came under the expanding Khmer Empire (centered in Angkor, Cambodia).
• The Khmer left architectural and cultural marks, including small shrines and structures like Sa Kaeo, Sa Khwan, and Sa Morakot, built for religious and communal purposes.
• A notable find is an arokaya sala (hospital or rest house), attributed to Khmer King Jayavarman VII (reigned 1181–1218 CE). This reflects his policy of building welfare facilities to strengthen ties with local populations.
• Inscriptions and artifacts, such as a 6th–8th century lingam (Shiva symbol) now in the Prachinburi National Museum, show a blend of Hindu Shaivism and Buddhist practices.
3. Decline and Rediscovery:
• The city declined after the 13th century, likely due to the rise of new Thai kingdoms (e.g., Sukhothai and Ayutthaya) and shifts in trade routes.
• Si Mahosot was abandoned and reclaimed by forests, with sites like Dong Si Mahosot (a forested area) preserving ruins.
• Rediscovered in the 20th century, systematic excavations by Thailand’s Fine Arts Department revealed over 538 archaeological sites, including residential areas, shrines, and infrastructure.
Cultural and Economic Role
• Trade Hub: Si Mahosot’s location near ancient routes made it a nexus for commerce. Excavations uncovered trade goods like beads and ceramics, indicating links with India and China.
• Religion: The city hosted a mix of Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism alongside Hinduism (Shaivism), evident in temple ruins and artifacts like votive tablets and statues.
• Urban Planning: The moated layout and evidence of communal spaces suggest a sophisticated society with administrative control.
Significance Today
• Si Mahosot offers insights into the Dvaravati-Khmer transition, showing how Mon and Khmer cultures shaped early Thai identity.
• Artifacts are displayed at the Prachinburi National Museum, and the site is part of Thailand’s efforts to preserve Dvaravati heritage.
• As of 2025, ongoing restoration and eco-tourism initiatives aim to make Si Mahosot more accessible.
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1. Wat Phra Kaew (Temple of the Emerald Buddha)Located within the Grand Palace, this is Thailand’s holiest temple, housing the sacred Emerald Buddha, a jade statue. The complex is renowned for its ornate architecture, vibrant murals, and golden stupas.
2. Wat Arun (Temple of Dawn)Situated along the Chao Phraya River, Wat Arun is famous for its porcelain-encrusted spires that shimmer at sunrise and sunset. Its central prang symbolizes Mount Meru, the cosmic mountain in Hindu-Buddhist cosmology.
3. Wat Pho (Temple of the Reclining Buddha)Home to a massive 46-meter-long Reclining Buddha, Wat Pho is one of Bangkok’s oldest and largest temples. It’s a center for traditional Thai massage and features intricate chedis and decorations.
4. Wat Saket (Golden Mount)Built on an artificial hill, Wat Saket offers panoramic views of Bangkok. Its golden chedi houses Buddha relics and is a focal point during festivals like Loy Krathong.
5. Wat Chana SongkhramNear Khao San Road, this temple, meaning “Victory in War Temple,” was built to commemorate military victories. It offers a serene atmosphere and holds historical significance from the Rattanakosin era.
6. Wat RakangLocated along the Chao Phraya River, Wat Rakang, or “Temple of the Bell,” is named for its large bronze bell. It features a revered Buddha statue and has historical ties to King Rama I.
7. Wat KalayanamitPositioned along the Chao Phraya River, this temple is known for its massive seated Buddha statue and Chinese-influenced architecture. It is revered for fostering good relationships and harmony.
8. Wat SuthatOne of Bangkok’s oldest temples, Wat Suthat is known for its giant red swing (Sao Ching Cha) and intricate murals depicting Buddhist cosmology. It houses a large bronze Buddha from the Sukhothai period.
9. Wat BowonniwetA royal temple of great importance, Wat Bowonniwet is a center for Buddhist learning. Several Thai kings, including King Rama IV, were ordained here. It features revered Buddha images and a tranquil courtyard.
These nine temples are often visited as part of a traditional merit-making pilgrimage in Bangkok, where devotees pray for blessings and good fortune. Each temple showcases Thailand’s rich Buddhist heritage through its unique history, architecture, and spiritual significance.
There are other temples that people will incorporate into a nine sacred tour. It’s up to the person doing the merit making. These temples are all worth a visit alone or in a group like this.
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Luang Pho Ruai was ordained as a novice at Wat Tako until he reached the age to be ordained to enter the monkshood. After becoming a monk he spent his career developing Wat Tako and helping it grow in the community for over 70 years.
Phrakhru Sunthonthamwinit (Luang Pho Ruai Pasathiko) passed away in 2017, at the age of 95 with 76 years in the monkshood. His disciples kept his body for 100 days after his death . When they opened the coffin they found out that the body had not decayed. After discovering this they kept the body in a glass coffin inside Mahathat Pasathiko Pagoda so that disciples and people can pay homage.
The beautiful Mahathat Pagoda of Tako Temple was began to be constructed in 2014. The area around the pagoda is an open space to for people who come to view the body of Luang Pho Ruai. The pagoda has two stories. The ground floor is the base, which is a huge hall in which the glass coffin that keeps Luang Pho Ruai’s body. The second floor is the pagoda and contains the Buddhist relic. Mahathat Pasathiko Pagoda is very beautiful and worth a look.
In addition to the pagoda the ordination hall filled with murals and a giant statue of the famous monk are additional highlights of the temple.
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Situated on the eastern bank of the Pa Sak River, it served as a royal residence and stopover point during the Ayutthaya Kingdom (14th-18th centuries). The site blends Khmer-influenced architecture with later Thai Buddhist elements, making it a unique example of Siamese royal and religious heritage.
Today, it forms part of Wat Nakhon Luang temple and is a lesser-visited gem among Ayutthaya’s UNESCO-listed ruins, attracting history enthusiasts with its serene lotus ponds and photogenic brick structures.
The structure’s history is tied to the Ayutthaya period, a time when the kingdom exerted influence over Khmer territories. Construction is generally dated to 1631, shortly after King Prasat Thong ascended the throne in 1629, founding a new dynasty after a period of political instability.  King Prasat Thong, seeking to legitimize his rule without direct ties to the previous royal family, drew inspiration from Khmer grand monuments in Angkor Thom (the Khmer capital under Ayutthaya’s control at the time).  He dispatched artists to Cambodia to study and replicate the designs, resulting in a simplified Khmer-style prasat (a tower-like palace-temple).  
Some historical accounts, including those by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab (a prominent Thai scholar), suggest the initial foundations may date to the reign of King Song Tham (1610-1628), possibly linked to the discovery of a revered Buddha’s footprint in Saraburi. 
Under Prasat Thong, the building was reinforced with brick and plaster, transforming it from a simple royal camp into a more elaborate residence.   The Pa Sak River’s strategic location made it an ideal stopover for kings traveling from Ayutthaya to worship the Buddha’s footprint in Saraburi or to the secondary capital of Lopburi. 
 
The original design featured towering brick structures with Khmer motifs, including lintels and pediments, evoking the grandeur of Angkor Wat—though on a smaller scale.   It functioned dually as a palace (prasat meaning both “palace” and “temple” in Khmer) and a temporary camp, reflecting the era’s fusion of royal pomp and religious devotion. 
Like much of Ayutthaya’s architecture, Prasat Nakhon Luang fell into disuse and ruin following the Burmese invasion of 1767, which sacked the capital and ended the kingdom.  Historical records indicate the construction was never fully completed, possibly due to shifting royal priorities or resource constraints during Prasat Thong’s reign.  The site was largely abandoned by the late 18th century, its brick towers crumbling amid overgrown vegetation along the riverbank.
In the early 19th century, during the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809) of the newly established Rattanakosin Kingdom (modern Bangkok era), a local figure known as “Tapakhao Pin” (Mr. Pin in white robes) revived the site.  He completed the palace and transformed it into Wat Nakhon Luang, a Buddhist temple. Pin added a Thai-style square hall (mondop) on the ruins’ open porch, enshrining four replicas of the Buddha’s footprint—a nod to the site’s original purpose.   This created a rare architectural hybrid: Khmer base with Thai overlays.
The temple complex expanded over time, incorporating elements like a Ganesha shrine (housing a 300-year-old statue) and the “Prachan Loy Sarn” (Floating Moon Pavilion), which displays a moon-shaped stone retrieved from the Pa Sak River.  
In 1987, the Fine Arts Department of Thailand registered it as a national ancient monument.  Royal patronage continued; in 1994, Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn presided over a restoration ceremony, emphasizing its role in preserving Thai-Khmer heritage. 
Today, Prasat Nakhon Luang remains an active temple, open daily from 6 AM to 6 PM with free entry. Visitors can climb steep stairs (not wheelchair-accessible) to explore the ruins, pray at the Buddha footprints, and enjoy surrounding lotus ponds.   It’s about 1-1.5 hours from Bangkok by car or bus, offering a peaceful contrast to Ayutthaya’s busier sites.
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Origins and Construction
The temple’s founding is rooted in the Ayutthaya era, though precise dates are elusive due to the destruction of records during the Burmese sack of Ayutthaya in 1767. Based on architectural analysis and historical maps, it likely dates to the mid- to late Ayutthaya period (16th–17th centuries), a time of temple proliferation under royal patronage.
Local chronicles and the 1926 map by Phraya Boran Rajathanin (a key source for Ayutthaya topography) place it amid a network of contemporaneous temples: Wat Phisua to the north, Wat Raeng to the south, and across the canal to the west, Wat Sri Pho and Wat Phrom Kalayaram. These neighbors indicate Wat Klang was part of a monastic community supporting the kingdom’s spiritual and agricultural life in the fertile Thung Kaeo plain, bordered by canals and fields. The canal itself holds historical significance; its confluence with Khlong Pla Mo was the site of a pivotal 1548 rebellion against the usurper King Khun Worawongsathirat, where nobles assassinated him during a royal procession and installed Prince Thianracha as King Maha Chakkraphat. This event underscores the area’s role in Ayutthaya’s political upheavals.
The temple endured the 1767 Burmese invasion, which razed much of Ayutthaya, but survived in partial ruin. Like many sites, it benefited from Rattanakosin-period restorations under King Rama I (1782–1809) and later monarchs, who rebuilt Ayutthaya’s religious landscape.
Architectural Features and Restoration
Wat Klang exemplifies classic Ayutthaya monastic architecture:
• Ubosot (Ordination Hall): The current structure, rebuilt in the mid-20th century, blends early and late Ayutthaya styles with Rattanakosin (Bangkok period) influences—characterized by a tiered roof, gilded gables, and ornate bargeboard motifs. It houses principal Buddha images in the Maravijaya (subduing Mara) posture.
• Chedis: Several old satellite chedis, likely 16th–17th century originals, surround the ubosot. These bell-shaped stupas, some restored, contain relics and feature indented bases typical of the period.
• Viharn (Sermon Hall): Modest remnants include boundary markers (sema stones) and a wiharn with faded murals depicting Jataka tales, though these are less preserved than those in nearby temples.
Major restorations occurred in the 19th century under King Rama V (Chulalongkorn, r. 1868–1910) as part of broader heritage preservation, and again in the 1960s–1970s by the Fine Arts Department of Thailand. The temple was officially recognized as a protected historic site in the late 20th century, with coordinates at 14° 22’ N, 100° 33’ E. Today, it remains an active community hub for merit-making ceremonies, though its structures show weathering from seasonal flooding.
Cultural and Local Significance
In local folklore, Wat Klang is linked to the “three wishes” tradition shared with nearby Wat Mai Chumpol and Prasat Nakhon Luang: Devotees pray at all three sites for desires to be granted, returning to offer thanks if fulfilled. This reflects Ayutthaya’s enduring blend of history and spirituality. The temple’s serene riverside setting, amid lotus-filled canals, draws fewer tourists than central ruins, offering a peaceful glimpse into everyday Ayutthaya life.
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The temple’s origins trace back to the Ayutthaya Kingdom with construction estimated around 1610–1629. Local legends and historical accounts vary slightly: one tradition holds that it was built during the reign of King Song Tham (1610–1628) to accommodate the royal entourage during a river journey to worship the Buddha’s footprint at Phra Phutthabat in Saraburi Province, as the Pa Sak River served as a key travel route at the time.
The temple complex was significantly restored in 1893 during the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), reflecting efforts to preserve Ayutthaya heritage after the kingdom’s fall in 1767. It was officially registered as a National Ancient Monument on April 9, 1999, recognizing its cultural and architectural value. Today, it remains an active temple used by the local community for prayers and ceremonies.
• The Main Chedi (Stupa): A 25-meter-tall structure with a 15-meter-wide square base and twelve indented corners, typical of late Ayutthaya design. It houses relics and features a wooden ceiling in its crypt.
• Ubosot (Ordination Hall): Renovated in 1969 (Buddhist Era 2512) on its original base.
• Viharn (Sermon Hall): Houses Buddha images in subduing Mara (Maravijaya) and meditation postures, with the interior walls adorned by the temple’s famed murals.
The temple’s modest size belies its historical depth, making it a serene spot for reflection amid Ayutthaya’s broader legacy as a UNESCO World Heritage region.
Wat Mai Chumpol is particularly renowned for its 17th-century mural paintings (จิตรกรรมฝาผนัง), which adorn the interior walls of the viharn. These artworks, dating to the reign of King Narai the Great 1656–1688, represent a rare surviving example of early Ayutthaya-period temple art, showcasing the kingdom’s artistic sophistication before its destruction by Burmese forces in 1767.
The murals primarily depict scenes from the life of the Lord Buddha (ชาดก or Jataka tales and biographical episodes), including a notable cremation ceremony, rendered in a narrative style that unfolds across the walls. Floral motifs dominate the decorative borders, featuring intricate patterns of falling petals and geometric frames (such as interlocking diamond shapes) in gold and vibrant hues. What sets these apart is their incorporation of non-native Thai flora—possibly inspired by Persian or early European influences during King Narai’s era of diplomatic exchanges with the West and Persia—adding an exotic flair uncommon in strictly traditional Thai temple art.
Unfortunately, time and environmental factors have taken a toll: groundwater seepage, flaking pigments, and incidental touching by visitors have caused significant fading, with some sections now barely discernible. Despite this, the murals retain a mesmerizing quality, described by visitors as “stunningly beautiful” and worthy of prolonged contemplation for their blend of religious storytelling and ornamental elegance. They exemplify Ayutthaya’s mural tradition, where art served both devotional and didactic purposes, educating the faithful on Buddhist teachings.
Restoration efforts during Rama V’s time included retouching the paintings, which had endured for about a generation prior.
For those exploring Ayutthaya’s lesser-known gems, Wat Mai Chumpol pairs well with nearby sites like Prasat Nakhon Luang (a 17th-century royal palace ruin) and Wat Klang, where local beliefs suggest praying at all three fulfills wishes. The temple offers a peaceful immersion into Thailand’s artistic and spiritual heritage, far from the tourist throngs.
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These carvings mark the spread of Theravada Buddhism from Sri Lanka to Thailand during the decline of Khmer influence. Discovered in modern times (post-20th century) in Dong Si Mahasot, they reflect a shift from Mahayana to Theravada traditions, symbolizing the Buddha’s presence in an aniconic form.
The Khmer hospital temple (likely part of the Noen Phra or nearby ruins) is a laterite and sandstone structure typical of Khmer architecture. It was one of the 102 arogayasala (hospital temples) built by King Jayavarman VII (1181–1218) across the Khmer Empire to provide medical care and spiritual healing.
Constructed in the 12th–13th centuries, the temple reflects the Khmer Empire’s Buddhist-influenced healthcare system. It likely included a central sanctuary, library, and medicinal facilities, with carvings and statues (e.g., Bodhisattvas) indicating Mahayana Buddhist practices. Excavations reveal its integration into Si Mahosot’s religious landscape.
Si Mahosot hosts Thailand’s oldest offshoot of the Phra Sri Maha Bodhi tree from Bodh Gaya, India, where the Buddha attained enlightenment. Spanning 30 meters high and 20 meters wide, its roots intertwine with Dvaravati-era bricks, and it remains a focal point for worship.
Brought from Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, by order of King Thawanampayadit (likely 14th century), this tree is 900–1,300 years old, as confirmed by the Fine Arts Department. It symbolizes enlightenment and is a registered national heritage site, venerated during festivals like Makha Bucha.
The baray is a large, rectangular water reservoir typical of Khmer urban planning, used for irrigation, water management, and religious purposes. Si Mahosot’s baray, part of the town’s moated layout, is smaller than Angkor’s but integral to the site’s infrastructure.
Built during the Khmer period (9th–13th centuries), the baray supported agriculture and symbolized cosmic order in Khmer cosmology. It complemented the town’s temples and moats, reflecting Si Mahosot’s role as a trade and religious hub under Khmer influence.
Si Mahosot, a Dvaravati-era Mon settlement, flourished as a trade and religious center, blending Hindu and Buddhist elements. Under Khmer rule, it adopted Mahayana Buddhism and Khmer architecture, seen in the hospital temple and baray. By the 14th century, the Buddha footprints and bodhi tree marked the rise of Theravada Buddhism, aligning with Thai kingdoms like Sukhothai. Today, the Si Mahosot Historical Park preserves these relics and drawing pilgrims as well as historians, especially during Makha Bucha.
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Rebranded as Thai League 1 in 2017, it has grown into a competitive 16-team division sponsored by BYD Auto (BYD Sealion 6 League I). Highlights include Buriram United’s dominant “Buriram Era” (2013-2015, with two unbeaten seasons) and Chiangrai United’s surprise 2019 title. Matches typically occur weekends, with promotion/relegation to Thai League 2, fostering growing international interest.
This Thai League 1 fixture pits Bangkok-based Port FC (known as “The Lions” for their fierce home support) against Chonburi FC (“The Sharks”) at PAT Stadium in Bangkok. It’s a mid-season clash in the 2025/26 campaign, with Port FC hosting as the more established side—currently sitting around 11th in recent form analyses, boasting a solid home record.
As always it’s a great crowd at home for Port. We were treated to a nice game with lots of effort and chances at both ends.
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Wat Phanom Yong or the Monastery of Wet nurse Yong is an active monastery located off the city island in the northern area in Tha Wasukri sub-district. It is situated on the north bank of Khlong Mueang, the old Lopburi River.
The history of this monastery is rather vague (as most of the ancient monasteries in Ayutthaya). The monastery was likely built in the reign of King Narai (1656-1688).
The story goes that the area once was a garden owned by a wet nurse of King Narai. This wet nurse (Phra Nom) was named Phrayong. Upon her death a monastery was built and named in her honor. Its initial name was Wat Phranom Yong an aggregation of Phranom and Yong. Around 1923, someone spelled the name of the temple slightly
differently, deviating the original meaning of its original name - local people tended not to pronounce the letter "r" and the temple became known as Phanom Yong. The temple was deserted after the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767.
Wat Phanom Yong was rebuilt by King Chulalongkorn (1868-1910). The Phanomyong
family still takes care of this temple. The old Phanomyong residency, which is now a memorial, is located on the opposite bank of the city canal and can be reached by a bridge.
The ubosot has a double tiered roof. The elevated front porch has three entries, while
the roof is supported by four columns. The base of the hall is curved (junk shaped) indicative of a construction of the Late Ayutthaya (1629 - 1767) and Early Ratanakosin (1782 - 1851) period. The ubosot is surrounded by a wall, separating the sacred world within from the secular world outside.
On site stands a vihara containing a large reclining Buddha image.
The ancient Dock of the Royal Barges was located between Wat Phanom Yong and Wat Choeng Tha, but nothing is left as the dock and barges were burned during the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767.
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Wat Thammaram prior called Wat Thamma or the Monastery of the Dharma (the teachings of the Buddha) is located off the city island in the western area of Ayutthaya north of Wat Kasatrathirat.
In situ are monastic structures of modern construction. Remains of the old outer wall, the crystal wall, and the lower part of the old gates still can still be seen.
It is related in the Royal Chronicles of Ayutthaya that on this spot during the siege of Ayutthaya in 1569 Phraya Thamma had set up his stockade to defend the west side of the city of Ayutthaya against the Burmese; an important strategical position because it lies across from Sop Sawan Monastery and was in front of the Rear Palace.
The King of Hongsawadi, Bhureng Noung, planned to launch a decisive attack to seize
Ayutthaya, although Prince Thammaracha of Phitsanulok feared that an attack on the city
would cost dearly in soldiers. He decided to use a ruse instead. He summoned Phraya Chakri, who was one of the hostages sent to Burma with Prince Ramesuen after the second Burmese invasion in 1563. After having him swear an oath of allegiance, the Prince held a secret discussion and proposed Phraya Chakri to gain the favor of the Burmese King.
Prince Thammaracha informed the King of Hongsawadi of a stratagem and the latter as
part of the plan, had Phraya Chakri sentenced and imprisoned. Thirty Burmese, Mon and Lao were to guard him. After a few days Prince Thammaracha sent men to release Phraya Chakri secretly. Phraya Thamma entered at Phraya Thamma’s position in the middle of the night, pretending that he had escaped from
confinement.
The next morning the King of Hongsawadi made a pretense of having a searched for Phraya Chakri throughout the army. He was not found of course, the King had the thirty guards taken and paraded around the army. They were then immediately executed and impaled in front of the stockade of Phraya Thamma.
Phraya Thamma escorted Phraya Chakri for an audience with King Mahin of Ayutthaya. The king, assuming that Phraya Chakri really escaped, placed him in charge of the defense of the city. Over the weeks Phraya Chakri succeeded in reducing the strength of the Ayutthayan army, where after he informed the Burmese King to launch his final attack. Ayutthaya fell to the Burmese for the first time on 30 August 1569, a victim to the treachery of one of his own sons.
In addition to the story of treachery this temple has important ties to Sri Lanka. Missionaries were sent from here to help restore Buddhism to the island. On site there is a small museum dedicated to these missionaries.
The temple is an important part of the history of the region and worth a visit if you are in the area.
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The temple’s exact construction date remains unknown due to limited historical records, but its architecture and features suggest origins in the Late Ayutthaya period (roughly 16th-18th centuries), reflecting the kingdom’s architectural evolution during its prosperous middle and late eras.
The temple remains active today, serving as a place of worship and community gathering, contrasting with the ruined state of more famous sites like Wat Mahathat or Wat Phra Si Sanphet.
Wat Sala Pun exemplifies Late Ayutthaya architectural style, characterized by refined details and influences from earlier periods, including Khmer and Sri Lankan elements adapted over centuries. The complex is oriented northwest-southeast and enclosed by a surrounding wall, with key structures including:
• Ubosot (Ordination Hall): The central building features a three-tiered roof with two porches. The front porch has three doorways (two small flanking a larger central one), while the rear has two. It incorporates west-European decorative elements between the doors, possibly from Ayutthaya’s era of international trade. The roof is supported by two columns on the porches, and the hall’s long sides have three rectangular windows each. Inside, rows of pillars support the structure, topped with lotus petal decorations—a hallmark of 17th-century Ayutthaya design.
• Chedi (Stupa): A bell-shaped chedi stands behind the ubosot, encircled by a low inner wall, symbolizing Buddhist relics and the temple’s spiritual core.
• Ho Trai (Scripture Library): A restored building for storing Buddhist scriptures, it boasts well-preserved stucco work in floral patterns on its pediment. The highlight is a beautifully hand-carved wooden Tripitaka cabinet made of black lacquer with mother-of-pearl inlay or gold-painted carvings. This cabinet holds large, thick mulberry paper books (librettos) depicting Jataka tales (stories of the Buddha’s previous lives), the Phra Malai legend (a monk’s journey to heavens and hells), and scenes from the Buddha’s life. These artifacts underscore the temple’s role in preserving Buddhist intellectual traditions.
The temple’s layout and features reflect Ayutthaya’s architectural progression: from prang towers in the early period (14th-15th centuries, influenced by Khmer styles) to prominent chedis in the middle period (Sri Lankan rounded stupas), and larger ubosots with ornate details in the late period. Wat Sala Pun’s survival and preservation make it a “hidden gem” among Ayutthaya’s over 400 temple sites, offering a glimpse into the kingdom’s blend of indigenous and foreign influences.
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It is situated in the Ban Pom Sub-district (ตำบลบ้านป้อม), along the west bank of the Chao Phraya River, approximately 5-6 km southwest of the Ayutthaya Historical Park’s core ruins. This places it in a quieter, riverside area amid lush greenery and local communities, away from the major tourist crowds. The temple is affiliated with the Maha Nikaya sect of Thai Theravada Buddhism and serves as a local place of worship rather than a prominent archaeological site. Its name translates to “Temple of the Victory Field,” evoking themes of triumph and prosperity, which aligns with Ayutthaya’s royal and military heritage.
History
The origins of Wat Sanam Chai are rooted in the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767 CE), a period when Ayutthaya was the thriving capital of Siam (modern Thailand), known for its grand temples, palaces, and extensive canal systems. According to the Temple Registration System maintained by Thailand’s National Office of Buddhism, the temple was established around 1557 CE during the reign of King Chakkraphat (1548–1569), a time of internal strife and external threats from the Burmese and Khmer empires. It received its official consecration (Wisung Kham Sima, the boundary for ordination ceremonies) in 1567, solidifying its status as an Ayutthaya-era temple.
The temple does not appear in the official Royal Chronicles of Ayutthaya, suggesting it was likely a modest community monastery rather than a royal or major state-sponsored site. Historical records indicate it was probably founded by or primarily served the Mon community—a group of Buddhist immigrants from present-day Myanmar and central Thailand who settled in Ayutthaya during the late Ayutthaya period. The Mons brought their cultural and architectural influences, contributing to the region’s Theravada Buddhist traditions.
The temple’s location near the Chao Phraya River (historically part of the Lopburi River system) made it strategically important for riverine trade, transportation, and flood control, as Ayutthaya was an island city surrounded by waterways.
Local legends and oral histories add a layer of folklore: Originally, the temple may have been called “Wat Khai Kai” (วัดขี้ไก่, meaning “Chicken Droppings Temple”), a humble name possibly reflecting its rural beginnings. It was later renamed Wat Sanam Chai to sound more auspicious and to match the sub-district’s name, emphasizing victory and good fortune. Some traditions link it to King Naresuan the Great (r1590–1605), the famous warrior-king who broke Ayutthaya’s vassalage to Burma. Devotees believe the temple houses spiritual connections to him, particularly for blessings related to career stability, education, and success—stories of Naresuan seeking merit here circulate among locals, though these are not substantiated by written chronicles.
The temple survived the catastrophic fall of Ayutthaya in 1767, when Burmese forces sacked the city, destroying many grander sites. Unlike major ruins like Wat Chaiwatthanaram (a nearby but distinct temple built in 1630), Wat Sanam Chai remained active, likely due to its peripheral location and community use. In the post-Ayutthaya era, under the Rattanakosin Kingdom (founded 1782 in Bangkok), it continued as a local wat, with renovations in the 20th century, including structures rebuilt in the 1980s.
Today, it is preserved as part of Ayutthaya’s broader cultural heritage, though not formally inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site (which covers the main historical park). Archaeological interest has grown due to its ties to the ancient canal systems, such as the nearby Khlong Lat (a man-made shortcut canal dug in the mid-1700s to ease river navigation).
Unlike flashier sites, it lacks elaborate prangs (Khmer-style towers) but retains authentic Ayutthaya-era simplicity.
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This fixture in the 2025–26 Thai League 1 season featured high-flying Ratchaburi, sitting comfortably in 2nd place with strong attacking form (averaging 1.63 goals per match), against a mid-table Port FC in 7th position, known for their solid defense but recent inconsistencies (1.67 goals per match on average).   
Historically, Port FC holds the edge in head-to-head encounters, winning 11 of 24 meetings against Ratchaburi’s 4, with 9 draws and an average of 2.60 goals per game—suggesting a potentially open, entertaining affair.  
Port’s recent form shows resilience, with a 60% win probability in their last five outings (3 wins, 1 draw, 1 loss), while Ratchaburi has been more mixed (2 wins, 1 draw, 2 losses) but thrives at home. 
This match may be pivotal for both sides for end of season standings.
The game outcome was disappointing for Port and they are showing that adjustments need to be made to be competitive.
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Wat Arun, the Temple of Dawn, dazzles with its riverside porcelain-clad towers, rooted in the Ayutthaya era and revered since King Taksin’s reign. Wat Pho, home to the majestic 46-meter Reclining Buddha, blends spiritual serenity with its legacy as Thailand’s first center for traditional learning, established in the 16th century and expanded by King Rama III. The Grand Palace, built in 1782 by King Rama I, houses Wat Phra Kaew, the sacred Temple of the Emerald Buddha, Thailand’s holiest site, symbolizing the nation’s cultural and royal heritage. Together, these temples offer a vibrant glimpse into Thailand’s rich history, artistry, and devotion.
1. Wat Arun (Temple of Dawn)
• Origins: Named after the Hindu god Aruna (god of dawn), Wat Arun dates back to the Ayutthaya period (1350–1767). It was a significant temple before Bangkok became the capital.
• Historical Role: During the Thonburi period (1767–1782), King Taksin chose it as a royal temple, housing the Emerald Buddha before it was moved to Wat Phra Kaew.
• Development: Under King Rama II (r. 1809–1824), the iconic central prang (tower) was expanded, and King Rama IV (r. 1851–1868) added the intricate porcelain and seashell decorations.
• Significance: Known for its riverside location and stunning architecture, Wat Arun symbolizes Thai craftsmanship and is especially breathtaking at sunrise and sunset.
2. Wat Pho (Temple of the Reclining Buddha)
• Origins: Established in the 16th century during the Ayutthaya period, Wat Pho was renovated by King Rama I (r. 1782–1809) when Bangkok became the capital.
• Key Development: King Rama III (r. 1824–1851) expanded the temple, adding the famous 46-meter-long Reclining Buddha, symbolizing the Buddha’s final moments before entering nirvana.
• Cultural Importance: Wat Pho is a center for traditional Thai massage and medicine, housing Thailand’s first “university” for traditional learning. It also contains over 1,000 Buddha images and intricate murals.
• Significance: A major pilgrimage site, it’s revered for its spiritual and educational legacy, drawing visitors for its serene beauty and cultural depth.
3. Grand Palace & Wat Phra Kaew (Temple of the Emerald Buddha)
• Origins: The Grand Palace was established in 1782 by King Rama I as the royal residence and administrative center of the Rattanakosin Kingdom. Wat Phra Kaew, within the palace grounds, was built to house the Emerald Buddha, Thailand’s most sacred relic.
• Historical Role: The Emerald Buddha, a jade statue with origins possibly in the 14th century, was brought to Bangkok from Vientiane in 1779. The temple and palace served as the spiritual and political heart of Thailand.
• Development: Successive kings, especially Rama IV and Rama V, embellished the palace with ornate halls and Wat Phra Kaew with golden stupas, mythical statues, and intricate murals.
• Significance: Wat Phra Kaew remains Thailand’s holiest temple, and the Grand Palace, though no longer a royal residence, is a symbol of Thai monarchy and culture, hosting ceremonies and attracting global visitors.
These temples collectively showcase Bangkok’s rich history, from its roots in the Ayutthaya and Thonburi eras to its role as a cultural and spiritual hub in modern Thailand, making them must-visit landmarks for any temple tour.
A self guided tour is easy and the best value. It can be done for 1,010 Baht for a foreign visitor.
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It is renowned for its preserved antique wooden shophouses and traditional Sino-Thai architecture, offering a glimpse into Thailand’s early 20th-century community life. The market features over 120 wooden shophouses and stalls, many of which are two-story structures built facing the river, creating a labyrinthine layout that evokes the charm of a bygone era.
It is particularly famous for its waterfront setting, where visitors can enjoy riverside dining, boat rides, and a vibrant atmosphere filled with local vendors selling souvenirs, handicrafts, fresh produce, and street food. The market is open primarily on weekends and public holidays, making it a popular day-trip destination from Bangkok. It has become a hub for cultural tourism, attracting history enthusiasts, foodies, and filmmakers due to its authentic, unaltered appearance.
  
The old-style homes and shophouses date back to the reign of King Rama V (late 19th to early 20th century), with a unique traditional way of life influenced by Chinese settlers. The area feels like a living museum, with narrow alleys, wooden row houses, and a serene riverside vibe. It has been used as a filming location for Thai period dramas and movies, such as Yu Kab Kong (Life with Grandpa), Nang Nak, and Chao Sua Siam, enhancing its nostalgic appeal.  
Stalls offer a mix of everyday items like Thai kitchen utensils, clothing, cheap plastic toys, local snacks, and souvenirs such as “Ban Mai” T-shirts and homemade soaps. While not always unique for Western visitors, it emphasizes local produce and handicrafts, supporting small enterprises.  
The market shines as a street food paradise. Popular spots line the riverbank, serving affordable Thai specialties from local vendors.
Easily combined with visits to Wat Sothon Wararam Worawihan (a famous temple with the revered Luang Phor Sothon statue), Khlong Khuean Ganesh International Park (known for its elephant-shaped island and Ganesh statue), and other Chachoengsao sites like the City Pillar Shrine or floating markets.
The market’s origins trace back over a century to the early 1900s, during the reign of King Rama V (Chulalongkorn, 1868–1910), when it was established as a bustling Sino-Thai settlement at the confluence of the Klong Ban Mai canal and the Bang Pakong River—a vital waterway for trade leading to the Gulf of Thailand. Chinese immigrant groups, including Hokkien, Chaozhou (Teochew), and Hakka communities, played a key role in its development, settling here for commerce via rowing boats, gondolas, and passenger ferries that dominated transportation at the time. King Rama V himself visited the area on January 25, 1907, underscoring its early significance as a prosperous trading hub for local produce, goods, and waterborne commerce.  
By the mid-20th century (1904–1974), the market evolved as a core community center in Chachoengsao, adapting to changing times while retaining its wooden structures and riverside layout. However, as modern transportation grew, its prominence waned. In 2004, the Baan Mai Conservation Club was formed by local residents to preserve the site’s heritage, leading to a revival. With support from the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) and government funding for small and medium enterprises, original shophouses were restored and reopened. This effort transformed the market from a fading local spot into a self-sustaining cultural attraction, emphasizing tourism while maintaining trade in local goods. Today, it stands as one of Chachoengsao’s oldest communities, celebrated for its “living history” and distinct antique allure that sets it apart from more modern Thai markets.
This market offers an enriching, affordable escape into Thailand’s cultural past, blending history, food, and community in a picturesque riverside setting.
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It is also famous for housing the Phra Sri Sakyamuni Buddha, a massive bronze statue from the Sukhothai period (13th century), one of Thailand’s largest and most revered Buddha images. The temple’s spacious courtyard, adorned with Chinese stone statues and the iconic Giant Swing (Sao Ching Cha), adds to its historical and cultural allure, making it a must-visit for tourists and devotees alike.
Construction of Wat Suthat began in 1807 under King Rama I, the founder of the Chakri Dynasty, to serve as a royal temple of the first grade and a center for Buddhist learning.
It was envisioned as a counterpart to Ayutthaya’s grand temples, with the Phra Sri Sakyamuni Buddha relocated from Sukhothai to enshrine the temple’s spiritual significance.
The temple’s completion spanned several reigns, with major contributions under King Rama II, who designed the Giant Swing, and King Rama III, who oversaw the intricate interior decorations and final construction in 1847.
The Giant Swing was historically used for a Brahmin ceremony until it was discontinued in the 1930s due to safety concerns, but it remains a symbol of the temple’s historical prominence.
Wat Suthat holds a pivotal place in Thai Buddhist culture, hosting royal ceremonies and serving as a venue for the annual Royal Ploughing Ceremony, which marks the start of the rice-planting season.
Its well-preserved murals and artifacts offer a glimpse into Thailand’s religious and artistic heritage, drawing scholars, monks, and visitors. The temple remains an active religious site, with daily rituals and festivals, while its proximity to other landmarks like the Grand Palace makes it a key stop on Bangkok’s cultural trail.
Despite its grandeur, Wat Suthat retains a serene atmosphere, offering a tranquil escape from the bustling capital.
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The park features serene gardens, shrines, a local history museum, and a riverside coffee shop, with free entry for Thai nationals (100 Baht for foreigners) and daily hours from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM.
The park’s centerpiece is the world’s tallest standing Ganesha statue, a 39-meter (128-foot) bronze figure crafted from 854 pieces. Depicting Ganesha with four arms holding jackfruit, sugarcane, banana, and mango—symbolizing prosperity, joy, nourishment, and wisdom—it stands on a lotus base with a rat (his vehicle) and smaller Ganesha figures. Illuminated at night, it’s a striking symbol of protection over the river and community.
In Hindu mythology, Ganesha, the elephant-headed god, is the son of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. According to a popular tale, Parvati created Ganesha from sandalwood paste to guard her while bathing. When Shiva, unaware of Ganesha’s identity, was denied entry, he beheaded Ganesha in anger. To console Parvati, Shiva replaced Ganesha’s head with that of an elephant and blessed him as the remover of obstacles and lord of beginnings, revered for wisdom and success.
The park is outside of Chachoengsao about 20 minutes but worth the time to go see it if you are in the area. It can be combined with visits to other sites in the area.
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This temple blends spiritual tranquility with a unique natural spectacle, making it a hidden gem for visitors seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience away from Thailand’s more crowded tourist sites.
Built during the late 18th century (around 1767–1807), the temple dates back to the era of King Taksin the Great, who reportedly passed through the area with his army after the fall of Ayutthaya to the Burmese in 1767. It was constructed to commemorate this historical moment, serving as a reminder of Thailand’s resilience during that turbulent period.
The architecture fuses Ayutthaya and early Rattanakosin styles, featuring intricate brickwork, vibrant murals depicting the life of Buddha, and a charming, understated charm with exposed bricks and shaded pavilions.
The temple grounds span about 49,600 square meters (roughly 12 acres), including a large viharn (prayer hall) that houses statues of revered monks and important Buddha images from across Thailand.
It’s also home to sacred amulets, including the “Five Benjapake” (five grand amulets): Phra Lod Muang Lamphun, Phra Somdej Wat Rakhang, Phra Nang Phaya Phitsanulok, Phra Chum Ko, and Phra Phong Suphan. In front of the temple stands a century-old hall enshrining “Luang Pho To,” a revered Buddha statue. A small, rustic mondop (tower-like structure) from King Taksin’s time adds to the historical allure, with interior paintings illustrating Buddhist tales.
What truly sets Wat Pho Bang Khla apart is its massive colony of Lyle’s flying foxes (Pteropus lylei), a species of fruit bat native to Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. These mega-bats, with wingspans up to nearly 1 meter (3 feet), number in the hundreds of thousands and roost in the temple’s ancient trees during the day. They hang upside down, preening and occasionally squabbling, creating a furry canopy that’s both mesmerizing and slightly eerie. Visitors often describe it as a “living spectacle” or “flying fox sanctuary.”
Arrive in the late afternoon (around 4–6 PM) to watch them take flight at dusk, silhouetted against the sky as they head out to feed on fruits (curiously, they avoid local Bang Khla fruits and fly toward the Thai-Cambodian border). Early morning returns can also yield sightings.
A small observation tower near the entrance lets you climb up for eye-level views—perfect for photos. The temple’s peaceful riverside setting enhances the experience, with the bats’ flights often visible from the river steps.
The colony has made the site a point of interest for researchers studying bat ecology and even emerging pandemics, due to the high density of these fruit-eaters.
Whether you’re a history buff, nature lover, or just want a quiet escape, Wat Pho Bang Khla offers a rare blend of Thai culture and wildlife that’s well worth the trip.
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Unlike touristy floating markets, this one is a traditional land-based affair along the canal banks, with wooden shophouses in Sino-Thai style perched precariously on stilts. It spans both sides of the canal, connected by the Atsawanit Bridge, and reflects a harmonious multicultural community of Thai Buddhists, Chinese, and Muslims who’ve coexisted here for generations—evident in nearby temples, a mosque (Masjid Al Wawatoniya), and a Chinese vegetarian canteen.  
The market straddles the border of Samut Prakan and Chachoengsao provinces, about 20-30 km east of Bangkok’s Suvarnabhumi Airport and 50 km from central Bangkok.
• Open daily from around 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM, but weekends (especially Saturday/Sunday) and public holidays feature more stalls and livelier crowds (9:00 AM–4:00 PM peak). Weekdays are quieter, with some shops closed.  
Wander the 400-meter stretch of weathered wooden walkways and shophouses for an immersive experience in old Siam.
A tiny exhibit of vintage items like antique shampoos, candies, medicines, and household goods from the early 20th century—perfect for history buffs. 
Old-school barber shops and kopi tiam (coffee shops) where locals chat over news and politics. The famous O-Liang (Thai iced coffee) is brewed traditionally in cloth bags—try it at a spot like the late Mr. Lee’s shop (now run by his family), a local celebrity until his death in 2013.  
Not a shopper’s paradise for souvenirs, but great for everyday Thai items like kitchen utensils, fishing gear, traditional toys, dried fruits, rice-based snacks, and bamboo crafts. Prices are low and authentic—no heavy tourist traps.  
Food and Drinks
Expect affordable prices (50-100 THB per dish) and a warm, unhurried atmosphere—far from the rush of modern malls. It’s best as a half-day trip, combining nostalgia, culture, and casual dining. If you’re near Bangkok, it’s a refreshing escape from the urban grind.
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Originally established as a meditation center by wandering monks, it was officially declared a temple on June 3, 1999, under the Mahanikaya sect. The temple received permission to be built on October 11, 1994 on land donated to the temple.
The first abbot, Phra Athikarn Bancha Siriwichayo, was appointed as Phra Khru Phawanasitkun Wi.
The temple serves as the 27th meditation center in Chachoengsao Province.
The temple is primarily a place for meditation and Buddhist practice, with daily activities from 5:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. It is known for its tranquil environment, making it a spiritual destination for worship and blessings.
The temple is renowned for its stunning golden chapel, which houses the revered Phra Buddha Pathom Maha Anantabarami Sriviriya (Somdej Ong Pathom), a beautiful Buddha statue adorned in imperial regalia. The statue is surrounded by 10,000 smaller Buddha statues, adding to its grandeur.
The chapel, built between 2008 and 2010, has a 1.5-meter-high base, is 9.40 meters wide, and 30.50 meters long. Its interior features marble-covered walls and floors, while the exterior is made of brick with white-washed sand plaster. The east gable displays 100 aluminum bas-relief images of the Lord Buddha, and the west gable has 101 images of Phra Mongkhon Thepmuni (Sod Chanthasaro). The chapel is surrounded by a glass wall measuring 33.75 meters wide and 54.85 meters long.
A meditation room beneath the main Buddha statue for walking meditation with candles. A statue of Luang Por Sod for worship is on the ground floor.
Wat Mongkol Thep is a place for practicing Dhamma and is less touristy compared to other temples in Chachoengsao, such as Wat Saman Rattanaram (known for its giant pink Ganesha statue). It attracts devotees for its serene atmosphere and opportunities for meditation and prayer. Visitors can pay respects to the Buddha statue and seek blessings at the hands of Luang Por on both sides of the statue.
The temple is part of Chachoengsao’s rich Buddhist heritage, alongside other notable temples like Wat Sothon Wararam Worawihan and Wat Pho Bang Khla. It is worth a visit to see if you are in the area.
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• Origins (16th Century): The temple’s history traces back to the Ayutthaya period, with evidence suggesting it existed before Bangkok became the capital in 1782. It was initially a modest temple named Wat Photharam.
• Reconstruction (1782–1809): After establishing Bangkok as the capital, King Rama I rebuilt and expanded the temple, renaming it Wat Phra Chetuphon. This marked its rise as a major royal temple, housing sacred relics and Buddha images.
• Major Expansion (1824–1851): Under King Rama III, Wat Pho underwent significant renovations, including the construction of the iconic 46-meter-long Reclining Buddha statue, symbolizing the Buddha’s entry into Nirvana. The temple was further developed as a center for traditional Thai knowledge, earning the title “Thailand’s first university.”
• Cultural Legacy: Wat Pho became a hub for traditional Thai massage, with inscriptions and teachings preserved on stone tablets. It remains a key site for Theravada Buddhist worship and education, housing over 1,000 Buddha images and four chedis dedicated to the early Chakri kings.
• Modern Era: Designated a first-class royal temple, Wat Pho continues to attract global visitors for its historical, architectural, and spiritual significance. It was registered as a national heritage site and is a UNESCO Memory of the World site for its inscriptions.
This is one of the 23 1st class royal temples in Thailand as well as one of the 9 sacred temples in Bangkok that people visit to make merit for health and prosperity. It’s also one of the must see things in Bangkok and well worth a visit.
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The name “Saket” is said to derive from a legend that King Rama I stopped to bathe and wash his hair at the temple before entering the city after a war.
Key Historical Points:
1. Ayutthaya Era Origins: Established during the Ayutthaya period, Wat Saket is one of Bangkok’s oldest temples. It initially served as a crematorium for the poor, reflecting its early role in community welfare.
2. Cholera Outbreak and Dark Past: During the reign of King Rama II (r. 1809–1824), a cholera epidemic struck Bangkok, leading to the cremation of tens of thousands of bodies at Wat Saket. The temple couldn’t keep up, and bodies were left in the open, attracting vultures, earning the area the grim nickname “Ghost Gate.” A cemetery at the base of the Golden Mount, now overgrown, holds the ashes of plague victims.
3. The Golden Mount Construction: King Rama III (r. 1824–1851) initiated the construction of a massive chedi (stupa) on an artificial hill, but the soft soil of Bangkok caused it to collapse. The abandoned structure became overgrown, forming a natural hill. Later, King Rama IV (r. 1851–1868) began constructing a smaller chedi, which was completed by King Rama V (r. 1868–1910). This chedi, gilded in gold, houses relics of the Buddha, believed to include his teeth, brought from Sri Lanka. Concrete walls and stairs were added in the 1940s to prevent erosion.
4. Cultural and Religious Significance: Wat Saket is a second-class royal temple, housing an important pagoda built by the royal family. It remains a key pilgrimage site, especially during the Loy Krathong festival in November, when a candlelit procession ascends the mount, and the chedi is draped in red cloth. The temple’s 344 steps lead to panoramic views of Bangkok, making it a spiritual and tourist landmark.
5. Modern Role: Today, Wat Saket is a serene escape from Bangkok’s bustle, offering a mix of history, spirituality, and stunning views. Its grounds include prayer halls, an ordination hall, and a library, with the climb featuring bells and shrines that enhance the spiritual experience.
The Golden Mount’s history reflects both triumph and tragedy, from its role as a crematorium to its transformation into a symbol of resilience and reverence, crowned by the iconic golden chedi that defines Bangkok’s skyline.
This is one of the most popular temples in the city for tourists and locals alike. It is worth a visit to see.
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• History: Presumed to have been built during the Ayutthaya era (approximately 400 years ago), possibly during the reign of King Maha Chakkraphat.
King Maha Chakkraphat (also spelled Maha Chakraphat, Thai: สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ) was a significant ruler of the Ayutthaya Kingdom in Thailand, reigning from 1548 to 1569. His reign was marked by intense military conflicts, particularly with the Burmese, and internal political challenges.
It was registered as a national ancient monument by the Fine Arts Department on September 27, 1936. During King Rama V’s reign, it was named Wat Yai Sakorn Buri and elevated to a royal temple.
• Architectural Features:
• The temple showcases a blend of historical and renovated elements. The Viharn (sermon hall) retains its original Ayutthaya-era brick structure, left undecorated, giving it a rustic charm. The Ubosot (ordination hall) has been reconstructed, featuring a curved base and two eastern-facing doors with prominent lambrequins.
• Intricately carved doors and windows with floral designs, some incorporating Chinese artistic influences, are a highlight of both the old and new chapels.
• Cultural Significance: Once an important temple, it remains a significant historical site in Samut Sakhon, reflecting a fusion of Thai and Chinese artistic styles due to the region’s historical Chinese population. It is part of the Theravada Buddhist tradition practiced locally.
• Recent News: In 2025, the temple was involved in a financial controversy where the former abbot, Phra Maha Thiwakon, was arrested for embezzling over 1 million baht, transferred to a laywoman. An investigation into the temple’s financial management was conducted by the Anti-Corruption Division and the Public Sector Anti-Corruption Commission.
This is a hidden gem about an hour outside of Bangkok. It’s a great example of Ayutthaya architecture and worth a visit to see.
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At its heart lies Wat Phra Kaew, also known as the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, which is Thailand’s most sacred Buddhist temple and houses the revered Emerald Buddha statue—a small figurine carved from a single block of green jade (often mistaken for emerald). 
The entire complex covers about 218,000 square meters and attracts millions of visitors annually, functioning today primarily as a tourist site and venue for royal ceremonies, though it no longer serves as the king’s primary residence. 
Wat Phra Kaew is unique among Thai temples as it lacks living quarters for monks, emphasizing its role as a royal chapel dedicated to the Emerald Buddha. 
The history of the Grand Palace dates back to 1782, when King Rama I (Phutthayotfa Chulalok), the founder of the Chakri Dynasty, decided to relocate the capital of Siam (now Thailand) from Thonburi across the Chao Phraya River to Bangkok for strategic and defensive reasons.
  Construction began on May 6, 1782, with the aim of creating a palace grander than those of previous capitals like Ayutthaya and Thonburi.   Materials from the ruined temples of Ayutthaya were repurposed, and the complex initially included fortifications, royal residences, and government offices.  It became the official residence of Siamese kings, hosting royal courts, administrative functions, and private family quarters.  
Wat Phra Kaew was constructed within the palace grounds starting in 1783, under Rama I’s orders, to enshrine the Emerald Buddha, which he had brought from Laos in 1779 after capturing it during military campaigns.   The statue, believed to date back to the 15th century or earlier with origins possibly in India or Sri Lanka, is considered a palladium of the Thai kingdom, symbolizing prosperity and legitimacy.  The temple’s full name is Wat Phra Si Rattana Satsadaram, but it is commonly called Wat Phra Kaew, with “Kaew” meaning jewel in Thai, referring to the statue. 
Successive Chakri kings expanded and embellished the complex. King Rama II (1809–1824) and Rama III (1824–1851) added structures like the Phra Asada Maha Chedi (a group of eight prangs or spires) and halls to house important Buddha images, reflecting the dynasty’s devotion to Buddhism.   Rama IV (Mongkut, 1851–1868), who had been a monk before ascending the throne, introduced Western influences, such as European-style buildings within the palace.  Rama V (Chulalongkorn, 1868–1910) further modernized the site while preserving its Thai essence.  Each king personally contributed to the temple’s development, commissioning murals, statues, and renovations that depict scenes from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana) and Buddhist cosmology. 
By the early 20th century, the palace’s role shifted. King Rama VII (1925–1935) was the last to reside there full-time, as the monarchy moved to other residences like Chitralada Palace.  Following the 1932 revolution that transitioned Siam to a constitutional monarchy, parts of the complex were opened to the public, though it remains used for state occasions, coronations, and religious ceremonies.  
Today, under King Rama X (since 2016), the Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew continue as vital cultural and spiritual sites, with ongoing preservation efforts to maintain their historical integrity amid Bangkok’s modernization.
This is a site that is a must visit if in Bangkok.
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The origins of Wat Arun date back to the Ayutthaya period (1351–1767), when it was a modest temple known as Wat Makok (Temple of the Olive), named after the tamarind trees in the area. It served as a local place of worship in what was then the village of Bang Makok, before Bangkok became the capital. The temple’s early history is tied to the broader religious and cultural landscape of the region, which was under the influence of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
Wat Arun gained significant prominence during the Thonburi period (1767–1782) when King Taksin the Great, after the fall of Ayutthaya to the Burmese in 1767, established his new capital in Thonburi. King Taksin chose the temple to house the Emerald Buddha, Thailand’s most sacred relic, which was brought from Vientiane, Laos, in 1779. During this time, the temple was renamed Wat Chaeng (meaning “Temple of Dawn”) and served as the royal temple within the grounds of the Thonburi Palace.
When King Rama I founded the Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1782 and moved the capital across the river to Bangkok, the Emerald Buddha was relocated to Wat Phra Kaew in the new Grand Palace. Wat Arun lost its status as the royal temple but remained significant. It was during the reigns of King Rama II (r. 1809–1824) and King Rama III (r. 1824–1851) that the temple was extensively renovated and expanded, shaping its current iconic form.
The temple was renamed Wat Arun Ratchatharam and later Wat Arun Ratchawararam under King Rama IV (r. 1851–1868), reflecting its royal patronage. The name “Arun” is derived from Aruna, the Hindu god of dawn, symbolizing the temple’s radiant beauty at sunrise.
Throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, Wat Arun has undergone periodic restorations to preserve its delicate structures. Major renovations occurred in the 1980s and again between 2013 and 2017, addressing issues like weathering and structural instability in the prang. These efforts restored the temple’s intricate details, including its ceramic decorations, while maintaining its historical authenticity.
The defining feature of Wat Arun is its central prang, a Khmer-style tower standing approximately 67–86 meters tall (estimates vary). This monumental structure is designed to represent Mount Meru, the center of the universe in Buddhist and Hindu cosmology. The prang is characterized by:
• Stepped design: The tower has a square base with multiple tiers, narrowing as it rises, with steep staircases leading to upper terraces.
• Decorative elements: The prang is encrusted with colorful porcelain, ceramic tiles, and seashells, many of which were sourced from Chinese trading ships’ ballast during the 19th century. These materials create a mosaic-like effect that sparkles in the sunlight, particularly at dawn and dusk.
• Sculptures: The prang is adorned with figures of mythical creatures, such as kinaree (half-human, half-bird beings) and garudas, as well as floral motifs and deities from Buddhist and Hindu traditions.
The central prang is flanked by four smaller satellite prangs, creating a symmetrical quincunx layout, a common feature in Khmer-inspired architecture.
Located to the east of the prang, the ubosot houses the temple’s principal Buddha image, a seated Buddha crafted during the reign of King Rama II. The hall features murals depicting Buddhist narratives and is used for religious ceremonies.
The temple grounds feature statues of mythical guardians, such as yaksha demons and Chinese-style stone figures, reflecting the blend of Thai, Khmer, and Chinese artistic influences.
This is one of the 1st class royal temples and 9 sacred temples in Bangkok. It is a must see for anyone visiting the city.
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Wat Raeng is located south of Wat Sanam Chai in Suphan Buri, Thailand. It is an abandoned temple (wat raang) with no active monastic community, and its primary surviving structure is a single, ancient chedi.
The chedi is a round stupa, characteristic of the early Ayutthaya architectural style. Its base may have originally been octagonal, though severe deterioration makes this uncertain. The chedi’s bell-shaped body (anda) is relatively large compared to earlier U Thong-style stupas, with a throne (baldachin) and ringed spire elements. The topmost part, likely a harmika or finial (the “dewdrop” or jewel), has been lost due to damage over time. The surrounding area is open, surrounded by water, with scattered brick fragments indicating its antiquity.
There are no definitive records indicating who built Wat Raeng or the exact date of its construction. It is believed to date back to the early Ayutthaya period, possibly predating the full establishment of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767). Unlike the more famous Wat Raeng in Ayutthaya (associated with historical events like the execution of Khun Worawongsathirat and Thao Si Suda Chan), the Wat Raeng in Suphan Buri lacks detailed mentions in royal chronicles or historical texts.
The chedi is a rare surviving example of early Ayutthaya craftsmanship in Suphan Buri, a region known for its pre-Ayutthaya U Thong culture. The scattered bricks and the chedi’s isolated state suggest it was once part of a larger temple complex, now lost to time. Its preservation as a ruin highlights its importance as a local archaeological site.
The chedi stands in a dilapidated condition, with no active worship or maintenance, typical of Thailand’s abandoned temple sites. The surrounding water and open space add to its serene yet neglected atmosphere.
It’s one of the unknown temples that are over looked but still fun to explore.
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Origins and Early History
The temple’s origins are believed to trace back to the Khmer period (approximately 11th-13th centuries), during the height of Khmer influence in the region. The central prang (a tower-like stupa) is thought to have been originally constructed as a gopura (gateway tower) during this era, reflecting Khmer architectural styles similar to those seen in Angkor. This structure, made entirely of clay bricks with a plastered exterior, symbolizes Mount Meru in Buddhist cosmology and was designed to house relics of the Buddha. The prang features a square base with an entrance niche and solid niches on other sides, topped with tiers resembling Garuda figures.
The temple gained prominence during the early Ayutthaya period (14th century onward). It is associated with the reign of King U Thong (Ramathibodi I, r. 1351–1369), the founder of the Ayutthaya dynasty, who is credited with establishing or significantly developing the site, making it a royal temple of the first class. Its size and ruins are comparable to those in Ayutthaya Historical Park, underscoring its importance in the kingdom’s religious and cultural landscape.
Subsequent renovations occurred under several Ayutthaya kings:
• King Ramesuan (r. 1369–1370 and 1388–1395), who oversaw expansions.
• King Maha Chakkraphat (r. 1548–1569), during whose reign further modifications were made.
• King Prasat Thong (r. 1629–1656), who contributed to structural enhancements.
These efforts transformed the temple into a major religious center, with additions like two octagonal chedis to the east of the prang, an ubosot (ordination hall), a small viharn (assembly hall), and smaller chedis to the west. The site also includes sandstone Buddha images and a standing Buddha statue known as Phra Attharot.
Decline and Rediscovery
Over time, the temple fell into disrepair. The main stupa, which once enshrined Buddha relics, was raided for treasures, leading to its neglect and partial ruin by the late 19th or early 20th century. In 1913, the governor of Suphan Buri initiated a formal excavation to uncover buried artifacts. This effort revealed numerous Phra Phong Suphan amulets—small votive tablets made from baked clay, renowned for their protective qualities in Thai Buddhist tradition. These amulets are considered among the most sacred and valuable in Thailand, forming part of the “Benjapakhee” set (the five most prestigious amulets). The discovery boosted the temple’s fame and spiritual significance.
Modern Renovations and Significance
The temple was rebuilt and restored in the 20th century, largely through the efforts of the late abbot Luang Pho Po (LP Po), a revered monk from Suphan Buri who contributed significantly to its reconstruction and modernization. A small shrine within the temple honors him today. More recent developments include ongoing excavations revealing additional Buddha statues, the addition of a reclining Buddha statue (with involvement from former Thai Prime Minister Banharn Silpa-archa), and the donation of crystal chandeliers from Russia in recent years.
Today, the temple remains an active place of worship and a key cultural site, over 600 years old. It attracts visitors for its historical architecture, spiritual aura, and association with the Phra Phong Suphan amulets, which are still venerated for blessings of safety, popularity, and loving-kindness. The complex includes modern elements alongside ancient ruins, such as corridors with golden Buddhas and chapels, though some areas have faced criticism for maintenance issues like dirt and stagnant water in pools.
The temple’s history reflects Suphan Buri’s role as an ancient town (formerly known as Suphannaphum) and its ties to broader Thai historical narratives, from Khmer dominance to Ayutthaya’s golden age.
This is one of the most important temples in the region and is well worth a stop to explore.
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The temple’s name, “Wat Phra Loi,” translates to “Temple of the Floating Buddha” and originates from a legendary event. According to local tradition, a white sandstone Buddha statue in the Naga Prok posture, believed to date back to the Lopburi period (11th–13th centuries), was discovered floating down the Tha Chin River (also known as the Suphan River). Villagers retrieved the statue and conducted a ritual to enshrine it, subsequently building the temple to house this sacred image, named Phra Phutthanawaramonghjorn. Initially, the temple was called “Wat Chalo,” but it was later renamed Wat Phra Loi to commemorate the miraculous floating Buddha.
Situated along Sompalakon Road in the northern part of Suphan Buri city, Wat Phra Loi is part of a historical corridor that includes other significant temples like Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat and Wat Khae, all believed to have been constructed around the same period during the Ayutthaya Dynasty. The temple’s location along the Tha Chin River highlights its historical and spiritual significance, as rivers were vital for transportation and trade in ancient Thailand.
In addition to the revered Phra Loi Buddha image, the temple houses the preserved remains of Luang Pu Taem, a highly respected monk who is still venerated by locals and Buddhists across Thailand. His spiritual legacy adds to the temple’s importance as a place of pilgrimage. The temple grounds also feature other notable elements, such as a fish sanctuary in the Tha Chin River, where visitors can feed fish as an act of merit-making, a common practice in Thai Buddhism.
The temple is described as a calming and peaceful place, with interesting artifacts and a serene atmosphere, making it a significant cultural and religious site in Suphan Buri.
In recent years, tourism development in the area has been minimal, but a market has been established on the temple grounds, primarily catering to worshippers and visitors. This reflects the temple’s ongoing role as a community and spiritual hub. Wat Phra Loi remains a testament to Suphan Buri’s rich historical connection to the Ayutthaya period and its enduring Buddhist traditions.
The history and the story of how the Buddha was found is interesting. It’s a fun place to visit and see what it has to offer.
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It is believed that this royal temple was built during the glory days of the town. King Katae assigned a young Mon to renovate the temple in the year 1181. A huge Buddha image known as ‘Luangpho To’ in the elegant image hall or Wihan is the center of faith for Buddhist people.
With a height of 23.46 metres, the Buddha image is seated in the European style in the posture known as Palilayaka, accepting offerings from an elephant and a monkey, the art from U-Thong Suphannaphum period.
Experts said the Buddha image must have formerly been in the gesture of giving the first sermon and was built outdoors to be seen from a great distance. This style was widely found in the pre and early Ayutthaya periods. The huge Buddha image houses 36 relics of the Lord Buddha. The temple holds big celebrations for the Buddha image twice annually during the 7 th -9 th days of the waxing moon of the 5 th and 12 th lunar months.
Behind the temple buildings is a traditional Thai house known as ‘Khum Khun Chang’. It is a large group of traditional Thai houses on stilts made of teak, which was built as described in Thai literature ‘Khun Chang-Khun Phaen’. The house exhibits pictures depicting scenes from the literature, as well as old-fashioned equipment, ceramics and furniture.
The temple also features some amazing murals depicting scenes from Thai literature. The whole complex is a treat to visit and I would recommend a visit to anyone in the area.
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Wat Sanam Chai is an ancient temple in Suphan Buri, Thailand, located in the Mueang Suphan Buri District. It is part of the province’s historical temple ruins, alongside Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat and Wat Phra That Sala Khao, offering a glimpse into Suphan Buri’s rich past. The temple’s history is tied to the Dvaravati period (877–882 ), when Suphan Buri was known as Mueang Thawarawadi Si Suphannaphumi, a significant settlement possibly linked to the legendary Suvarnabhumi mentioned in ancient Buddhist texts.
According to the Northern Chronicle, King Katae commissioned his brother to construct Wat Sanam Chai concurrently with the renovation of Wat Pa Lelai, indicating its historical importance. The temple features a large, ruined octagonal pagoda, surrounded by a wall with smaller pagodas at the four cardinal points, a distinctive architectural element reflecting its antiquity. This structure suggests it was a significant religious site, likely used for ceremonial purposes during its peak.
Wat Sanam Chai is recognized for its archaeological value, offering insights into the region’s cultural and religious heritage during the Dvaravati and subsequent Ayutthaya periods. Its ruins are part of Suphan Buri’s broader historical narrative, which includes its role as a frontier town involved in battles between Siam and Burmese forces, notably during the 16th century under King Naresuan. While specific details about the temple’s founding or subsequent developments are sparse, its inclusion in the “temple ruin trilogy” underscores its significance as a cultural and historical landmark.
The “Chedi of the Unknown Warrior,” is the Chedi Thahan Niranam เจดีย์ทหารนิรนาม, at Wat Sanam Chai in Suphan Buri.
The Chedi Thahan Niranam is a memorial stupa within the Wat Sanam Chai complex, believed to honor unknown soldiers who fought in battles defending the region, particularly during the Ayutthaya period (14th–18th centuries) when Suphan Buri was a strategic frontier town. Suphan Buri’s history is marked by frequent conflicts with Burmese forces, most notably during the reign of King Naresuan the Great (1590–1605), who secured a decisive victory over the Burmese at the Battle of Nong Sarai in 1593. While the nearby Don Chedi Monument specifically commemorates King Naresuan’s elephant-back duel, the Chedi Thahan Niranam likely serves as a tribute to the unnamed warriors who perished in similar conflicts, reflecting Thailand’s reverence for its fallen soldiers.
The exact date of the chedi’s construction is not well-documented, but its architectural style and the temple’s historical context suggest it was built or renovated during the Ayutthaya period, possibly after significant battles. The term “Niranam” (anonymous) indicates it memorializes soldiers whose identities were not recorded, a common practice in Thai Buddhist tradition to honor collective sacrifice through stupas or chedis. The chedi may have been erected to enshrine relics, ashes, or symbolic items associated with these warriors, aligning with Buddhist practices of memorializing the deceased.
The temple is a nice bit of the regions history. There are a few other ruins in the area that show how important this temple was at one point. It’s worth a visit if you are in the area.
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To travel from Don Mueang Airport (DMK) to BTS Mo Chit Station by the A1 bus, you can board the service at the designated pickup point in the Service Hall Building next to the International Passenger Terminal (Terminal 1), on the north side of the terminal building, starting from 1 March 2025.
The A1 bus is a direct, high-frequency service that runs via the expressway, making it a quick and convenient option, with a typical travel time of 30 to 45 minutes. Buses depart from the airport from 05 to midnight.
The fare is 30 THB (around $1) per person, payable on board. The bus stops at BTS Mo Chit Station, providing a direct connection to the BTS Skytrain network.
This is a very fast and easy way from the airport to the city. There are other ways but the bus takes you directly to the BTS and MRT near Chatuchak Park.
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The current iteration was established in 1887 with its boundaries officially recognized in 2015, this public temple belongs to the Mahayana sect of Thai Buddhism. It holds historical significance, believed to have been a prosperous site during the Ayutthaya period, reflecting the region’s rich Buddhist heritage.
The temple’s original forested area, which contributed to its alternate name, Wat Suan Pa Patthana Tham, was divided by Highway 340 (Suphan Buri–Bang Bua Thong–Lat Lum Kaeo), separating the Suan Pa (forest garden) from the main temple grounds. Spanning approximately 4.5 acres, Wat Klang remains a cultural and religious landmark in Suphan Buri.
Its sacred objects include ancient Buddha statues carved from red sandstone and green mortar stone, a chedi containing holy relics with murals depicting the Buddha’s life in its interior hall and hell scenes with annotated punishments on its balcony, and a brass Buddha statue in the Maravijaya pose (subduing Mara) housed in the ubosot.
Additional murals illustrating the Buddha’s story and other religious themes adorn the sermon hall and the chedi in the Suan Pa. The Uthayan Phutthachariya, a Buddhist park within the grounds, offers a serene space with trees and clean areas for relaxation and learning about Buddhism.
Wat Klang serves as an educational and community hub, operating a Dhamma School and Phra Abhidhamma School, recognized as a center for studying Buddhist scriptures. It engages in community initiatives like the Village Morality Project, which promotes adherence to the Five Precepts, and a Senior Care Center focused on improving elderly quality of life. The temple hosts annual merit-making ceremonies, such as the Kathin festival, which gained attention in 2023 when Thai actress Bella Ranee Campen, star of Prom Likhit, led a Kathin ceremony to raise funds for restoration, drawing significant crowds.
Visitors can access Wat Klang via Highway 340, with the main structures on one side and the Suan Pa across the road. As a religious site, respectful clothing covering shoulders and knees is required.
It’s a small temple with a bit of history. The old style buildings are the highlight and worth a short visit to see if you like these off the beaten path sites away from the crowds.
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The temple was built during the Ayutthaya Kingdom, before the founding of Bangkok. It was originally called Wat Kok Khwai (วัดคอกควาย) because the community of Dawei people in the area bought and sold buffalo; later, it was renamed as Wat Kok Krabue (วัดคอกกระบือ).
During the reigh of King Rama I, the temple gained royal status and the ubosot was built. During the reign of King Rama III, a viharn was built in the shape of a Chinese junk. The temple was renamed as Wat Yannawa, which translates as "the boat temple".
The two chedis on the deck represent masts and the altar at the back represents the wheelhouse. Because of this unique structure, locals call the temple “sampao chedi” ("the Chinese junk with chedis").
King Rama III chose the shape of a junk as a means of historical preservation; he believed the junk was becoming obsolete due to new ship types, and wanted to preserve its image.
The highlight of the temple is the unique boat shaped chedi. There is also an old Ayutthaya era hall next to the river that has been extensively restored and is now open to be viewed. There are 2 small museums with many artifacts and important items to see as well.
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The league typically runs from August to May, with teams battling for the championship, AFC Champions League qualification, and to avoid relegation to Thai League 2.
Muang Thong United vs. Ayutthaya United Matchup
The matchup between Muang Thong United and Ayutthaya United pits two clubs with contrasting histories and ambitions.
Muang Thong United, based in Nonthaburi, is one of Thailand’s most successful and well-supported clubs, known for its storied past, multiple league titles, and consistent presence in Asian competitions. The team, nicknamed the Kirins, boasts a reputation for attacking flair and a strong home atmosphere at the Thunderdome Stadium.
Ayutthaya United, hailing from the historic city of Ayutthaya, is a newer face in Thai League 1, having earned promotion from Thai League 2. The club represents a region rich in cultural heritage and is building its identity in the top flight with a focus on grit, local pride, and developing young talent. Playing at Ayutthaya Stadium, they aim to establish themselves as a competitive force.
This clash highlights a classic David vs. Goliath narrative: Muang Thong’s experience and pedigree against Ayutthaya’s hunger and underdog spirit. Expect Muang Thong to push for dominance with their attacking style, while Ayutthaya will rely on home support and tactical discipline to challenge their more illustrious opponents. The match promises an intriguing battle of contrasting footballing philosophies.
The game was a tale of 2 halves on the field and weather wise. The crowd was amazing and we were treated with an entertaining game.
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Wat Suwannawat is located on the city island. This renovated temple ruin can be seen directly opposite Wat Racha Praditsathan temple on the north part of the island.
There is no record of this temple’s construction date or its role in history. It was built where some Royal elephant stables once stood. This monastery may have been used by the mahouts that worked with elephants in the stables.
Wat Suwannawat was restored by King Mongkut (King Rama IV) during the Ratanakosin period. Excavations at this site uncovered a Chinese-style image of Buddha preaching. It dates to the Ming Dynasty (16th-17th). The Chao Sam Phraya Museum presently has this marble image on display.
Wat Suwannawat was aligned to an east/west axis facing toward Khlong Pratu Khao Pluak (now buried). In situ is a small sermon hall with its front entrance wall still intact. Its basic foundation has been reconstructed by the Fine Arts Department, but the remaining three walls are missing. The altar of the sermon hall has a large, armless, Buddha image with most of his face still visible. Behind this ubosot is a large bell-shaped chedi with an octagonal base.
Several smaller bell-shaped chedi in various states of erosion are also on site. In addition, there is a two-tiered bell tower with arched windows in each of the cardinal directions. The style of this architecture at Wat Suwannawat suggests the Middle and Late Ayutthaya Period.
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The mosque is known for its peaceful environment and traditional Islamic architecture. It offers prayer facilities and is actively used by locals and Muslim visitors.
Haroon Mosque has been the center of Muslims hearts in Bangrak. It was built in 1828 in the early King Rama III reign.
Haroon Mosque was built by 'Sheikh
Haroon Bafaden' (โต๊ะฮารูณ บาฟาเดน),
a merchant who migrated from Indonesia to Thailand. He built it for the rituals of the Muslims in Ton Samrong Village where he lived.
Formerly, Haroon Mosque had only one floor and was situated next to the Chao Phraya River. It was rebuilt and relocated to the current location due to its decayed condition and to pave way to build a maritime custom house on the former mosque's area.
The community took old wood from the original mosque to make the pillars and the floor of the new mosque.
In 1947 all Mosques were required to be registered by the thai government. The mosque was renamed after Muang-Kae (ม่วงแค) community nearby as 'Muang Kae Mosque' (มัสยิดม่วงแค). The name was changed to
'Haroon Mosque' in the memorial of Sheikh Haroon Bafaden the founder of Haroon Mosque.
In the alleys around the mosque is the local community that sets up food stalls to sell local foods. It’s in the Bangrak district of the city and near the river and can be accessed easily by boat.
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Later in the early Rattanakosin period was also called "Lao Temple or Wat Lao" because this area was the location for the Lao community that immigrated to Bangkok. The temple received the Royal Wisungkhamsima in 1881 during the reign of King Chulalongkorn.
It is assumed that it was built in the Thonburi period. It is considered a family temple in Songkhla.
Today, the temple has looks much different than when it was abandoned. Wat Sutthiwararam has renovated the chapel to make it more beautiful.
Behind the chapel is a large Buddha image named "Phra Phutthasiri Sutthisawat", often referred to as "Luang Pho Phra Yai" which beside this Luang Pho Phra Yai also has the image of Thao Wessuwan the Great and Thao Kuvera the Great Phraya Yak that resides at the left and right side of Luang Pho Phra Yai.
The area around the chapel which has delicate stucco work is clean and white. It is a series of sculptures of the Eightfold Path, "The Path to the Path" and "The Great Merit of the Land," combined with images of imaginary Himmapan animals.
This marble chapel is divided into two floors.
Inside the ground floor is a white marble Buddha image. With a background highlighted in red and gold, there are bas-relief images of angels and disciples of Lord Buddha.
The second floor of the chapel houses the original Buddha image that was brought from Wat Phraya Krai during the reign of King Rama V. What makes the Buddha image stand out is the Dhamma mystery mural series "Buddha's Eye, the Eye of Awakening" by contemporary artist Songdet Thipthong, from Chiang Rai.
The temple is not well known which is a shame because it is very well maintained with interesting art. There won’t be the crowds of tourists making it a great spot to explore and take pictures if you want to see some beautiful works of art.
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This deserted temple is located on U-Thong Road, west of the Hua Ror market. Its present day boundary extends right to the base of the road. One of its chedi stops right before the pavement begins and card have curve around it.
As a restored ruin, Wat Khun Saen has many of its structures remaining. Its highlight is that It has been expanded over the years, which creates the unique appearance of a small chedi being consumed by a larger one. The view from the chedi’s western side shows how these temples were sometimes expanded over preexisting structures. On site there is the basic foundation of a sermon hall, which includes pieces of Buddha images and some sema stones. Portions of a wall can be seen surrounding the monastery.
Traces of several small chedi can also be seen on the premises, including the one located right next to U-Thong Road. There are a number of large and interesting Bodhi trees that provide shade as well as an interesting site growni g into the structures.
There isn’t a clear record of this temple’s construction date, but King Maha Thammaracha (r. 1569-1590) persuaded two Mon aristocrats and their families to settle in this area around 1584. This honor was in reward for their participation in Prince Naresuan’s declaration of independence from the Burmese. The two Mon warriors were named Phraya Kiat and Phraya Ram.
Royal Chronicles describe this story in great detail. While still technically allied with the
King Honsawadi of Burma, Prince Naresuan marched his troops to the City of Khraeng,
where they encamped near the monastery of the Great Holy Tera Khan Chong. King Honsawadi came up with a plan to betray Prince Narasuaen by sending out an army of 10,000 to ambush and kill him. Phraya Kiat and Phraya Ram were told by the Burmese King Hongsawadi to make a flanking attack from the rear. Their orders were to attack Prince Naresuan, seize his troops and execute him.
However, the Great Holy Tera Khan Chong was informed of this treachery and took pity on Prince Naresuan. He arranged a meeting between Phraya Kiat, Phraya Ram, and Prince Naresuan in which all was revealed. As a result, he declared revenge and announced that the two kingdoms “shall be totally divorced from each other from this day to the end of kalpa.” He promised to escort the two Mon leaders and the Holy reverent to the safety of Ayutthaya, fighting together against the Burmese along the way.
While leading the Great Holy Thera Khan Chong and his relatives, along with the families of Phraya Kiat and Phraya Ram, back to Ayutthaya, Prince Naresuan defeated the Burmese in battle and Ayutthaya became independent once again.
King Maha Thammaracha, the father of Prince Naresuan, rewarded the Mon families in gratitude. Phraya Kiat and Phraya Phra Ram were directed to reside in the vicinity of the Khamin Village and Wat Khun Saen. The relatives of Tera Khan Chong
were sent to live in a village behind Wat Nok.
In more recent times, King Rama IV (1851-1868) ordered Phraya Rajasongkram to restore Wat Khun Saen and enlarge its central bell-shaped chedi. However, the King died before this project could be finished. As a result, the restoration of Wat Khun Saen was permanently halted and the monastery has remained inactive ever since.
The history of this temple and the partial restoration are very interesting and something unique to the area. It’s worth a short visit if you are in the area.
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