NationSquid
The Disastrous Fall of AOL
updated
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YouTube estimates around 500 hours of new uploads every single minute, or around 82 years worth of videos every day. Even for a company as large as Google, how on earth are they able to do this? And is this approach to data hoarding even sustainable?
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Co-Edited by: @NickNoir
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Remember all those strange tech fads that were all the rage in the 90s that seemingly just...disappeared? What was their deal, and whatever happened to them?
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Co-Edited by: @NickNoir
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So, what was searching for things on the web like before Google became the technological conglomerate that it is now? Was it that much harder in the 90s?
Well, let's Ask Jeeves and find out!
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The following music was used for this media project:
Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
Free download: filmmusic.io/song/4569-unseen-horrors
License (CC BY 4.0): filmmusic.io/standard-license
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Throughout the 90s and 2000s, there was one program that you could not escape on the internet: Adobe Flash Player. This single application was responsible for the dynamic, vibrant, almost magical websites and games that gave the world wide web it's heartbeat...until it all disappeared.
While Flash technology has shown its age in recent time, a lot of these flash games have become lost to time, with only the memories left of those who experienced them. But what happened? Does it have to be this way?
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Around Christmas of 1998, a company known as Bungie released the sequel to their popular Myth series, Myth II: Soulblighter. However, a devastating bug was found within the game's uninstaller that posed a great risk of deleting the user's entire hard drive if they ever tried removing the game from their machines. The ordeal costed Bungie nearly $800,000 in recalls, but also set the stage for their upcoming business ventures and the security of operating systems as a whole.
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In around 2005, an undisclosed PC manufacturing company discovered that certain models of their laptops would unexpectedly crash if the user played Janet Jackson's 1989 hit "Rhythm Nation" nearby.
What on earth is happening here? Is the song a form of secret malware? How can it be fixed?
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Remember that time in the 2000s where everything on the internet was glossy and shiny? Well, there's a name for it! It's called Frutiger Aero. But why did it exist, and why has it become such a core part of 2000s online nostalgia?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
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On September 11, 2001, the World Wide Web experienced unforeseen traffic amid the attacks that had just occurred in New York City, temporarily shutting down many websites due to traffic overload. The events of 9/11 did not just change the world, it also changed how we use internet.
This video does not discuss the events of 9/11, but instead focuses on how it changed the technological structure of the World Wide Web, as well as the customs of online culture that existed afterwards.
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In 1976, a computer hobbyist from Menlo Park, California decided to finally take on a project he had been holding off: to build his dream computer.
After facing rejections from his job at Hewlett-Packard, Steve Wozniak took his new machine to the Homebrew Computer Club and was met with much praise. One attendee, his old friend Steve Jobs, was so enamored by it, he convinced Wozniak to team up with him as business partners in hopes to sell it. Their company would be called Apple, and this machine, the Apple 1, would be their very first computer. They had no idea that they were about to change history forever.
Although only 200 were produced and only around 20 are confirmed to now exist in working condition, the Apple 1's place in history cannot be understated. It's simple, yet direct approach to computing would be the steppingstone in starting a new wave in the Information Age.
Auction for Apple 1: rrauction.com/auctions/lot-detail/348973406984025-apple-1-computer-from-apple-employee-dana-redington-from-the-trade-in-pile-in-steve-jobs-office-gifted-by-jobs-and-woz-to-apples-first-applications-engineer
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
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In the 1990s, Microsoft shocked the entire world with its revolutionary, easy to use web-browser called Internet Explorer. It was proving to be well on its way to developing just as much support and capability as other competing browsers of the time, like Netscape Navigator. The release of Internet Explorer also coincided with the release of Windows 95.
However, the story behind this browser got ugly quite fast, and eventually everything would come tumbling down.
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On July 19, 2024, millions of people around the world discovered that they could no longer turn on their Windows machines. It was later discovered that this was a global outage caused by a faulty update pushed by CrowdStrike, one of the top cybersecurity companies in the world, and their software known as Falcon. The outage affected over 8.5 million computers and is still ongoing, with IT professionals calling it "the modern Y2K" and one of the greatest outages in history.
So what exactly happened, and how can we prevent it from occurring again in the future?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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In early 2004, a handful of employees in office buildings around the world were recipients to a strange email containing an attachment. Little did they know that they were about to become patient zero to what is still considered the fastest growing computer virus in history. The worm has simply been referred to as MyDoom, (or Novarg) and it infected over 250,000 computers in just one day, and caused over $38 billion in damage, even shutting down several websites for as long as a whole month.
So what is the full story?
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Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
Free download: filmmusic.io/song/4569-unseen-horrors
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Anyone remember back in 2007-2008, when YouTube was filled with those "ghost caught on tape" type videos that would go viral and...part of us just believed it was real? Sometimes they would even make the news? And then they just...disappeared?
What was the deal with that?
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Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
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In 1999, a program called Napster swept the internet with a revolutionary idea: find any song that you want and download it, for free. Despite the legal battles it faced, the program effectively changed the playing field for how media entertainment would be consumed for the next few decades.
And now, physical media is dead. Perhaps Napster is to blame?
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Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
Free download: filmmusic.io/song/4569-unseen-horrors
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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Toto? I have a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore.
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All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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Since 2007, millions of people around the world have been pranking each other with false links that redirect to a 1980s music video. The phenomenon has become known as the "Rick Roll," and has become an integral part of internet pop culture. The question is, where did it come from, and why did it become so popular?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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Stock Media provided by TheArchivalCollection / Pond5
Stock Media provided by avgeeks / Pond5
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Flappy Bird accidentally became the biggest game of 2014 and was on its way to becoming one of the most successful games of all time. Until one day, it all just disappeared, leaving many people scratching their heads, demanding an explanation.
The thing is, they never really got one.
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Creative Commons License Used:
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0
All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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On April Fools Day of 1996, a group of Microsoft employees played a practical joke on their hometown of Seattle. They decided to create boxes for a fictitious product called "Microsoft Coffee" and placed them on store shelves all around the city. The incident sparked tons of confusion and even lead to angry reactions from Microsoft and Bill Gates, who placed a ban on any future pranks from the company that did not get approved through them first.
However, no archives or records of this story ever occurring currently exist, outside of a Medium article written by one of the pranksters allegedly involved. But all the evidence that this article provides seems to show that this may be much more than just some silly internet hoax. What is the true and full story to the mysterious tale to Microsoft Coffee?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Creative Commons License Used:
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0
All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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So, whatever happened to that Skype program? Since its creation in 2003, it quickly became the top video chatting service in the entire world. Its easy-to-use and creative user-interface and convenient tools even allowed it to be ingrained into contemporary pop-culture. It became a plot-device in movies and even became its own verb, much like how the world “google” is used today. “I’m gonna go skype my friend.” Skype was everywhere and you could not avoid it. Until one day, it kind of just disappeared, pretty much overnight, and alternatives just took over. But the weird thing is that…none of us really cared? When Skype moved on, so did we. No one has really looked back, despite Skype providing things that, I think, are now missing within the online space. And this is where I would typically ask “So, what exactly happened to Skype?” but its situation is part of a very interesting and unique phenomenon.
Was Skype the one that changed, or was it us? And how did it ever get to that point?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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Microsoft Bob was an addon for Windows released in 1995, intended to make the computer easier to use. However, the product's attempts completely went south, and Bob has since earned a strange, almost forgotten reputation within the tech space.
Despite this legacy, Microsoft Bob has proven to be, indirectly, quite influential. Not only has it provided us many Windows features that we still take for granted today (Rover the Dog, Comic Sans, just to name a few!), but it even foreshadowed and predicted many aspects of a very prominent part of the industry that is still rapidly growing today.
So, what's the full story to this strange product?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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If YouTube disappeared tomorrow, where would you go? Yeah, there’s TikTok, Dailymotion, Twitch, Vimeo, and all kinds of other sites, but it’s just quite not the same, is it? Not only do they host different types of content, the culture, and communities they’ve created are just different from what we experienced with YouTube. And it certainly is something you’ve noticed. Any other video sharing sites that have tried to compete with the platform, haven’t come close.
But, why? How are there no competitors to YouTube? Could you be the first to create one?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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and start browsing the web with no ads and full privacy!
This video covers the systemic issues of piracy, and how its history as a practice has allowed it to persist, particularly during the advent of the World Wide Web.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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The year 1998 was one of many turning points in the machine age. With the launch of Windows 95 bringing computers to millions of households around the world, people were more familiar with them than they had ever been prior. They were aware of the advantages, the disadvantages, the customs that were to be expected when dealing with a computer…well, for the most part. With the homogenization of the tech industry and a glooming Y2K, things were due for a change. And seemingly beyond the grave, Apple was here to bring that change. (SHOW) Within just twelve weeks, the iMac had become the number one selling computer in America. It was an instant hit among consumers and even prevented Apple from going out of business. In just a few years, iMac would become one of the highest selling computers of all time.
From it's design, this really isn’t a surprise. The computer quite literally brought the color into an otherwise boring and dull PC world. Not only did consumers have the excitement of getting to choose their own color from a variety of fun names, (this coined the nickname “gumdrop” Mac) but it also opened a whole new world for those who were just getting to learn about computers for the first time. It introduced the personal computer to them in a way that wasn’t intimidating and hard to understand, but instead fun and exhilarating. The iMac wasn’t just a computer; it was your friend, and it made itself very clear that this was the role technology must have going forward.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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Microsoft Windows has had a tremendous impact on our lives. It’s everywhere we go and incorporated in places we wouldn’t even expect. But of course, it all has to start somewhere, and the very first ever version, Windows 1.0, blessed computer screens around the world in 1985. Especially nowadays, all these features it boasted in its marketing and product design, are let’s be honest, quite boring and really not remarkable, showcasing just how far we’ve gone and how much we take for granted today. But funnily enough, these features weren’t even that remarkable back in 1985! We often like to think of Windows as the pioneers of the computing sector, but at its launch, the product actually faced immense criticism for being nothing more than just a blatant rip-off of other operating systems at the time, particularly System 1 on the newly released Apple Macintosh. A rip-off that wasn’t even as good, as it would also ridiculed for its lackluster and at times unstable performance. But despite encountering all these bumps, Microsoft knew that they had something here and that their value proposition for Windows was something truly special, way too special to give up on right away. And today we are going to tell that story.
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
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Since the dawn of time, the world has been filled with threats and those who try to understand them. And this applies to the digital world as well, and there was certainly a time, not too long ago in fact, where most people didn’t understand these threats at all. So, throughout the 1990s, on the NEW worldwide web, you end up having these mass panics of computer viruses with alleged capabilities that go beyond the screen, almost supernatural. And of course, many people rode on these fears either in jest or to obtain some kind of control on those who are gullible. Just like how the satirical tabloid “Weekly World News” once published a story about a computer virus that can spread to humans. Because that’s ridiculous! We all know how a computer virus works, it’s a malicious piece of code that is able to replicate itself and infect other computers on the same network, whether it’s the internet or some kind of local network, where it can then do whatever it is programmed TO do. And that’s the key, you need SOME kind of connection to another computer. It’s not a real virus in the literal sense; it can’t spread through the air, right?
Well in October of 2010, something very unnerving allegedly happened. A man named Dragos Ruiu, the main developer behind the annual Pwn2Own hacking competition. He had just installed a new copy of Mac OS X on his MacBook Air, and it was then that he started to notice the computer suddenly had a mind of its own. For starters, his CD drive was no longer working, he couldn’t boot from any CD placed into his system. He thought okay, maybe this was just a hardware issue, but then noticed that all of his system configurations kept undoing themselves. His system data then started getting deleted. He was starting to think that this wasn’t a hardware issue, but instead some kind of malware. So he went ahead and completely wiped the hard drive and reinstalled the operating system, but sure enough, the problem still persisted. As it turned out, this issue wasn’t coming from the hard drive, but the BIOS, the motherboard of the computer, meaning that even a full system restore couldn’t fix it. But it doesn’t even stop there. He noticed that this malware was now spreading across other computers on his network, even ones with different operating systems. He quickly disconnected them from his network, but it just kept going. And so, as a last resort, he disabled his Wi-Fi and Bluetooth and even unplugged the power from his wall, relying only on the battery. This is a technique called “air-gapping,” as these computers were now completely independent from one another, in their own separate worlds…yet the virus was still spreading, even to computers who were never connected to the internet in the first place.
The malware became known as “BadBIOS,” which was capable of infecting Mac, Windows, Linux, and BSD systems, and word quickly started getting around the internet that it may just be the very first instance of a computer virus spreading through the air, quite literally. Through its strange, completely unknown engineering, it was somehow able to bypass these “air gaps.” Surprisingly, it gets even weirder…actual word of the virus seems to have spread faster than the virus itself, and that’s because we...don’t even know if it exists. BadBIOS has become an incredibly controversial, divisive subject within niche parts of the tech community, with some people swearing by it, others scoffing at how ridiculous it is, and then those who believe it to be nothing more than an elaborate hoax. And today, we are going to talk about this strange origin story. This is BadBIOS, the world’s most mysterious computer virus.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
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One of the downsides to doing something incredible is that it can often be pretty difficult to live up to. The bar is now so high, and if you want to continue that level of success, it’s going to have to get higher and higher going forward, and you need to be ready for that. And you could very well say that this was a problem for Microsoft when they released Windows 98 back in…well…1998. Upon its launch, the OS did receive praise from the public. It not only introduced some great features we still take for granted in Windows today, but it was built around facilitating the use of a domain that was now rapidly growing in popularity: the internet. But that’s not to say that things were all perfect. In fact, the OS faced many challenges during its development that would somewhat affect its public appearance building up to its release, and some of these problems even persisted among users following its launch, and this all coincided with the growing legal troubles that Microsoft was facing at the time. Needless to say, things were a bit turbulent, and that was indirectly reflected in the OS’s design.
Now, this is not to say that Windows 98 was bad or poorly made, but if you were an average Joe back in the 1990s who was already doing just fine browsing the net with Windows 95, you may not exactly have seen a reason to upgrade. In fact, John Montgomery of Byte Magazine stated exactly that in June of 1998, claiming that the new OS “[offered] little, except support for some new hardware that really [wasn’t] making a big impact on corporations yet.” And it is with this distinction that Windows 98 was seen, more or less, by the public as just a rerelease of Windows 95. The two versions even looked identical, so to the superficial eye, things really just looked more of the same. But I believe that Windows 98 was much more than that, and despite its flaws and not particularly exciting features at face value, its development serves an integral role in Microsoft’s story as well as demonstrates a lot of growth that occurred within the company, and that is just something that cannot be ignored.
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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So, what should be considered the greatest operating system of all time? There is a lot of ongoing debate surrounding this question, and you’ll get different answers from every person. But arguably the most popular consensus is that it was Windows XP, the version of Windows released by Microsoft in 2001. It was flexible, versatile, and..just nostalgic. And then you have another vocal crowd saying it was Windows 7, with its slick design, fast and stable environment, and its popularization of the “search bar,” a tool most of us take for granted today. And then you have those *really* bold people who will claim it was Windows 8.1, which further built on to all these things: The last Windows that “valued privacy.”
And these are all valid opinions to have: but what if it goes deeper than that? What about the OS that directly made all their respective great achievements possible? The OS that everyone seems to forget about? Of course, I am talking about Windows 2000. Although primarily marketed as the “business” version of Windows, it was also a clear indicator that things were changing, and that Microsoft was ready for the future. A new millennium, a new Windows. The OS was quite well received and experienced some success during the first two years of its reign, eventually even holding majority market share. And as great and ambitious as this all sounds, the tale of Windows 2000 is a bit tragic in that another similarly named, Windows Millennium Edition, was released at around the same time. Having the “greatest OS of all time” juxtaposed with the “worst OS of all time” certainly hasn’t helped its presence in the spotlight. Although this distinction may not have confused as many people at the time, it certainly does now in retrospect. This has caused Windows 2000’s achievements to be overshadowed, which was further accelerated by the release of Windows XP two years later. But today, we are going to make this distinction crystal clear by highlighting its development, the incredible features it introduced and influenced, and give Windows 2000 the reputation it deserves.
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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There has never been a time like right now. A time where you’ve been given the ability to directly connect with millions of people, not face-to-face, but at an almost transcendental level, and it’s all thanks to the personal computer. But with this great privilege comes a price, the slow realization that maybe things just aren’t what they seem to be. It is up to the user to discover the truth by utilizing this new form of collectivism at their disposal.
And Microsoft Windows has made this possible in both a spiritual and physical sense. But as you look deeper into the beloved OS, you may come across some unsettling things that you did not notice before.
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The following music was used for this media project:
Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
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License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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Does anyone remember Cable? That shared experience of just turning on the TV and going on a whole new adventure? Whatever happened to that?
It seems that broadcast television has definitely seen better days. According to a study from the website nScreenMedia, US households with cable, satellite, or telco TV went from 100 million in 2014 down to 60 million in 2023. That’s a 40% drop, and the lowest its been since the 1980s. I mean, this is no surprise because of streaming; the privilege of being able to choose what you want, whenever you want, without any ads, and at a much more affordable price. A whole new movement known as “cord cutting” is now on the rise.
There’s no denouncing the incredible convenience and flexibility of on-demand content, but it does lack that very unique autonomy that its predecessors had, that feeling of just turning on the TV, flipping through the channels, not having to give it any thought, especially after a long day of work or school, and then just eventually discovering something. And with that, comes that feeling of togetherness, watching a live broadcast with thousands of other people, something that, by the nature of how Cable TV is designed, has yet to be replicated. And now, we are seeing the aftereffects of that. So how did Cable TV, as an artform, start? What went wrong? And how do we go back?
This is a deep-dive into the history of network and cable television in the United States and the shape it has had on the entertainment media of today.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
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Creepypasta: the Internet’s take on spooky campfire stories, spawning unforgettable works such as Ben Drowned, Candle Cove, Jeff the Killer, and the Slender Man.
But unlike campfire stories which remain timeless, Creepypasta seemed to have a pretty short lifespan, reaching its peak in the early 2010s and then sort of just slowly fading away, and becoming a shadow of what it once was. “Oh, Creepypasta. I remember that.”
But how did this happen? With the seemingly endless possibilities that the internet provides, you would think that a horror-based community like Creepypasta would be flourishing, especially for longer than just a few years. But you just don’t really hear these stories anymore.
There were several factors which contributed to the downfall of Creepypasta, including the over-saturation of similar stories, bad writing, some violence within the community, and even the very aging of the internet itself. It could even be argued that this has not just affected the Creepypasta community, but online horror storytelling altogether.
So now, we take a look at what has since been left behind.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
The following music was used for this media project:
Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
Free download: filmmusic.io/song/4569-unseen-horrors
License (CC BY 4.0): filmmusic.io/standard-license
Artwork shown in Jenny Nicholson Excerpt:
Jeff the Killer by ReizDrawing deviantart.com/reizdrawing/art/Jeff-The-Killer-642975570
Jeff The Killer vs jane the killer part 1 by lasky111 deviantart.com/lasky111/art/Jeff-The-Killer-vs-jane-the-killer-part-1-642737264
Jeff the Killer Headshot by STRAY-KAGE deviantart.com/kageniec/art/Jeff-the-Killer-Headshot-590167277
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The 1990s were a magical, optimistic time for technology. The Cold War was over, economic opportunity was booming, and it appeared as if we were finally on track to achieving world peace. “The future” was finally here. Although these were factors that primarily applied to the United States, their effects were also felt worldwide, thanks to a new technology which quite literally connected all of us together and manifested an attitude which hadn’t really existed prior at such a large scale: the ambition to change the world. This technology was called the Internet.
You may have been born too late to explore the earth, and too early to explore the universe, but don’t fret, there was now a whole, new world out there that remained largely untouched: the Cyberspace. Travel would now be for pleasure rather than necessity; you could meet whoever you want, be whoever you want, instantly and with just the click of a button. Much like the vast, unending space to the internet itself, people felt there was no limits to what their capabilities were. And naturally, hundreds, then thousands of websites would pop up, providing services for just about anything. Venture capitalists were ALL over it, throwing money at just about anything that ended in (dot)com, taking the already flourishing economy to limits that were beyond comprehension. For the first time, anything was possible, and any opportunity was good opportunity. But what happens when you take this too far?
What followed would be an economic disaster of global proportions. As much as $5 trillion lost, thousands of businesses now bankrupt with very few survivors left over, and a recession has formed. The once flourishing, seemingly unstoppable force of the World Wide Web, now returning to the valuations it had before its commercialization in 1995. Perhaps this wasn’t a new medium for achieving the American Dream, but instead just an economic bubble: “the Dot-Com Bubble” as it would soon be coined. The entire ordeal showcased that this new cyberspace was really just a continuation of the real world and its very real problems, rather than some utopian escape from it. It was the illusion of success and a false pursuit of happiness that led to such devastation which left people no other choice than to lose most of their trust in this new digital realm, instead of, you know, looking inward.
But what do these things entail? In retrospect, avoiding the catastrophic results of the dot-com bubble seems very obvious. How could some of the brightest investors in the world make such ridiculous decisions? Did people really not learn from the mistakes of the past? What’s interesting about the dot-com bubble is that, it does share many parallels to the economic crises that have surfaced throughout history, but just like the internet itself at the time, was something new and faced problems that hadn’t existed before. And these problems were intensified by a sensationalized yet uncertain outlook on the future. So, what was the strange tale of the dot-com bubble, and how do we prevent something like it from ever happening again?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
All images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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YouTube was in a very unique position by the time 2006 came around. As a byproduct of its popularity, YouTube set a precedent for what kind of challenges and customs video-sharing sites would have to confront moving forward, something that wasn’t really taken into account beforehand. It highlighted just how expensive video-hosting was, and as YouTube’s traffic increased, so did their expenses and demand for infrastructure. The site’s growing recognition as the seemingly boundless powerhouse of video content eventually caught the attention of the higher-ups, the corporations, and they too wanted a piece of the pie.
Legal issues, rising costs, and limited capital were now in the picture, and it was because of these key problems that YouTube’s days were now looking numbered. Was a website like this just too good to be true? The whole venture was just becoming unrealistic, and YouTube could no longer operate as some grass-root, independent company. It needed to become something more official. If you can’t beat the system, then become it. Give the industry something they now could not live without. Give them the future. And naturally, one company would step forward to wipe the slate clean and give YouTube the everlasting online presence that it deserved: a company called Google.
And then on October 9, 2006, history was made. What followed would arguably become one of the most controversial and influential business transactions in history: Google buying YouTube. This was a decision that is still felt today in a lot of areas, not even just on YouTube, but even in the digital realm outside of it.
Zackary Smigel is helping me on this series. Check out his channel here!
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
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All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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In 1997, Microsoft released its latest version of Office with a new feature! Now, if you ever had any questions, your new assistant was there to help. His name? Clippit, or commonly known as Clippy.
Originally intended as a way to capitalize on the findings of a research paper published at Stanford University, Clippy instead ended up creating even more issues than before. Rather than helping people with their problems, he often just took up space, asked the same questions repeatedly, never took the user's responses into account, and distracted focused users, even leaving many infuriated.
Clippy has since cemented himself in history as one of Microsoft's most embarrassing projects, as well as one of the worst AI tools in history, leaving behind a very mixed legacy. Some people love him, others hate him
...and even some are thinking of bringing him back?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeodLink:
incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
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All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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However, through a series of unrelated historical events, the introduction of new online technologies, and the synergy of three knowledgeable and creative PayPal employees, Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim were able to find the solution in 2005 with their new website: YouTube.
Initially a failed dating website, the development of YouTube was by no means a cakewalk, but rather a journey filled with trial and error, competition, legal battles that would manifest later down the line, and even some tension between the creators themselves.
This is the first installment of a new series covering the history of YouTube.
Zackary Smigel is helping me on this series. Check out his channel here!
youtube.com/@ZackarySmigel
Check out the YouTube History playlist here! (Watch in chronological order for the ultimate experience): youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPZWyxJeZ4Lucgh8Lo3A6PNBcm5UtnkiH
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en
All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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In early 2006, Vanity Fair columnist, Nick Tosches, was bored at his computer shuffling through the wallpapers that came with his new Windows XP machine, until he came across one with a very simple title: Autumn. Encapsulated by its warm colors and tender leaves, Nick needed an escape from his monotonous work environment and to instead visit this dreamlike place in real life.
This would prove to be extremely difficult, however, as his research would back him into a corner at every turn. Nick's journey would lead to an online scavenger hunt that would continue across multiple communities throughout the next two decades.
3D rendering of Windows XP's Bliss Wallpaper created by my friend, Nick, over at Found & Explained. Check out his channel here!
youtube.com/@FoundAndExplained
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en
All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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What initially started as just an art project ended up becoming so much more. In February of 2008, YouTube user Nana825763 (also called "PiroPito") uploaded a video titled "Username666," showcasing an alleged page filled with malware and computer viruses that caused digital and even paranormal distress to any user that visited it.
Despite PiroPito himself claiming that the video was just a work of art, many online users are still convinced that Username666 was a real page that infiltrated YouTube, including their own testimonials and even screenshots of their experiences with it.
Regardless of the truth behind these claims, the legend continues to leave an imprint on internet culture, becoming one of the many examples that would help shape the way we fact-check and perceive information online today.
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The following music was used for this media project:
Music: Unseen Horrors by Kevin MacLeod
Free download: filmmusic.io/song/4569-unseen-horrors
License (CC BY 4.0): filmmusic.io/standard-license
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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Thank you to Factor 75 for sponsoring this video!
During Christmas of 2021, a YouTube channel by the name of NationSquid uploaded a video titled "How One Typo Destroyed Thousands of Computers," which focused on the story of a website known as "goggle, "a typosquatting computer virus that infiltrated the web in the early 2000s, targeting users that misspelled the word "Google." To everybody's surprise, a strange glitch appeared in the middle of the video. Viewers were left scratching their heads and with several details missing.
So, what was the full story?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
Vector Creative Commons Attribution: vectorportal.com/vector/musician-bob-dylan/23066
All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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On July 22, 2009, Microsoft released what many critics would consider to be the greatest operating system ever made: Windows 7. Many critics praised the OS for its slick design, easy to use desktop interface, and its implementation of features that made it much more similar to other competing systems of the time such as Apple’s Mac OS X. However, Windows 7 looks and operates practically identical to Windows Vista, which has been considered one of the worst versions of Windows to ever be released. So, what makes Windows 7 stand out and how has Windows 7 continued to preserve its positive legacy even today?
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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But what's the full story?
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Stock Media provided by TheArchivalCollection / Pond5
Stock Media provided by avgeeks / Pond5
All other images, sounds, and clips are either created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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On Christmas Day of 2009, the largest channels on YouTube were hit with a strange online prank. Several of their video thumbnails were replaced with random photos, ranging from musicians to snapshots of cartoon characters. Those responsible for the hack remain a mystery today, and how the hack was executed has yet to become conclusive.
What circumstances could have possibly caused such a strange incident to occur, and why has the story itself remained in hiding for over a decade?
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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https://playwt.link/nationsquid
War Thunder is a highly detailed vehicle combat game containing over 2000 playable tanks, aircraft, and ships spanning over 100 years of development. Immerse yourself completely in dynamic battles with an unparalleled combination of realism and approachability.
On October 4, 2005, 19-year-old Samy Kamkar wanted to pull a practical joke on his new MySpace page to get a laugh out of his friends. Unbeknownst to him, he accidentally created a computer virus (JS.Spacehero), and in less than 24 hours, over one million users on MySpace would be infected with it. Not too long after, the computer worm shut the website down entirely. Did Samy just take brief control of the world's most popular social media? By using only his mouse and his keyboard?
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Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
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Sources:
web.archive.org/web/20060101001237/http://namb.la/popular/tech.html
it.slashdot.org/story/05/10/14/126233/cross-site-scripting-worm-floods-myspace
innotechtoday.com/looking-back-samy-worm-rampage-myspace
https://samy.pl/myspace/tech.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samy_Kamkar
seon.io/resources/dictionary/evercookie
forums.majorgeeks.com/threads/hilarious-myspace-hack-puts-geek-on-everybodys-hero-list.74893
niallleah.medium.com/the-tale-of-samy-the-worm-9ade840e7fda
dbpedia.org/page/Samy_(computer_worm)
youtube.com/watch?v=DtnuaHl378M
pro-motivate.com/speaker/samy-kamkar
darknetdiaries.com/transcript/61
zdnet.com/article/this-supermarket-doesnt-trust-self-checkout-shoppers-so-it-installed-oh-this
http://vsb2006001.pbworks.com/w/page/23221389/%22Samy%22%20Myspace%20Worm
http://blogoscoped.com/archive/2005-10-14-n81.html
https://playwt.link/nationsquid
War Thunder is a highly detailed vehicle combat game containing over 2000 playable tanks, aircraft, and ships spanning over 100 years of development. Immerse yourself completely in dynamic battles with an unparalleled combination of realism and approachability.
On August 9, 1969, the Haunted Mansion opened its creaky doors to visitors at Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California. The cold, forbidding, estate had remained untouched for nearly six years, causing nothing but intrigue for passersby, even leading to some strange and unsettling rumors about its presence within the park.
The stories only continued to grow, and Disney’s strange mansion became a subject of great mystique throughout the whole park, with thousands of guests wondering what was inside. Well, their questions were answered when the attraction officially opened and what was inside was so much more magical than anything they could have imagined. Real ghosts? Moving head busts? Picture frames that changed before your very eyes? What on earth was going on here? At the time of its opening, an attraction like this completely blew tourists away.
Given the technological limitations of 1969, this was something people quite literally had never seen before. As far as they were concerned, this was the true magic of Disney finally manifesting. But how did it actually work? What is it about Disneyland’s Haunted Mansion that really gives it the aura that it continues to capture over 50 years later?
Much like the attraction’s façade which remained untouched for several years, this question is answered to those who truly go inside to find out themselves. Everything you have seen and come to know about the Haunted Mansion is surprisingly so simple, a byproduct of some brilliant planning and engineering, and in a strange way, the more you learn about how it’s done, the more enchanting it becomes.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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guard.io/NationSquid
You may be noticing something a bit off going on around YouTube right now, a problem that is only getting bigger every day and getting more sophisticated, more difficult to stop, the longer it remains unresolved. Yes, I am talking about the current epidemic of spam flooding the YouTube comment section. If you’ve read the comments of any popular video that has been recently uploaded, then you’ve definitely come across these in some way, shape, or form. “Finally it’s here!” “Thanks for your support!” “I have a surprise for you!” really any form of enticing language accompanied by strange text and a shortened URL. The account typically impersonates a well-known YouTube channel, boasting the same name and profile picture.
But it doesn’t stop there. These bots have evolved from impersonating notable creators to now impersonating everyday people; the types of comments that you would never even suspect. They don’t contain links, calls to action, or any visible incentive to attract users. And the longer they stay around, the more convincing they become, and the more they continue to fool people. Some of them are even full-on conversations, but it’s all fake. Why? Where is this strange infestation of bot channels coming from, what exact purpose does it serve, and what can be done to combat it? And most importantly, what is YouTube doing to stop it?
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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See you in battle!
On February 13, 2006, word was getting around (literally) that a supposed screenshot of Apple's upcoming Mac OS X Leopard had leaked through the instant messaging program iChat. However, those who opened the attached "latestpics.jpg" were not met with images. They were met with trouble.
What initially seemed like your typical, somewhat interesting Mac rumor, ended up becoming a story that hit the news. The Apple Mac had just experienced what was considered its first ever computer virus, a worm nicknamed Leap.A (Oompa Loompa), and now this "safe" PC community was at a crossroads.
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All images, sounds, and clips are created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):
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All images, sounds, and clips are created by me, properly licensed, in the public domain, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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nationsquid.com/appmysite
to build your own phone app!
In March of 1999, hundreds of thousands of people around the world received a strange email in their inbox that, unbeknownst to them, would shut down all their online communication for several hours. This new email worm, called "Melissa," would become the worst computer virus in history at that time. Melissa may have been such a strange event in online history, but it was also a lesson for how we should behave on the internet.
The story of Melissa all begins with a man named David Lee Smith, a 31-year-old programmer from Aberdeen, New Jersey. Though Smith wasn’t your typical programmer. On top of his advanced computer literacy, he had quite the sense of humor and audacious personality. He was a people person and consequently, leagues ahead of most people in predicting where the internet was heading, and it was reflected in his code. Back in the 90s, the internet was still new to the general public and the many personalities it inhibits today were only just forming. Of course, you had your popular corners of the internet that served their own functions and catered to certain communities, but since this generally new, life-changing technology was still undergoing its growing pains, its primary goal really was to just keep people in constant contact with one another. The privilege of being able to order a pizza with just the single click of a mouse was more than enough. But as people found more uses for the internet, it became not just a place for communicating, but also a place for recreation, fun activities, and for some, an escape to a whole new life. But just like regular life, when there is a lot of good, there is also a lot of bad. The World Wide Web was growing, at a rapid rate, faster than most people could comprehend. The idea of sending a computer virus through email sounds ridiculous…until it actually happens. And from Smith’s understanding of all this, he created “Melissa” to serve as a warning for this impending doom in the hopes that online users could circumvent it.
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Wholesome by Kevin MacLeod
Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5050-wholesome
License: filmmusic.io/standard-license
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Ridiculous. Did Al Gore really just claim that he created the internet? Well, not exactly. What he had meant to say was that he was an integral part of putting forward legislation that made the internet so easily accessible and as powerful as it was in the 1990s. But because of his poor choice of words, naturally they were stripped of their context and even completely changed altogether. That answer wouldn’t be as interesting as telling everybody that Gore was bold enough to claim that he sat down, designed, and built the internet as a technology, all by himself. Gore’s lack of forethought with his remarks lead to an influx of embellishment and misinformation.
But what started off as mass media shenanigans ended up becoming a valid burning question: If Al Gore can’t take credit for creating the internet, then who can? Who Invented the Internet? Well, that’s a ridiculous question. I mean, obviously it’s Tim Burners Lee, the man who created the World Wide Web in 1989 and finally made it public in 1991. Clearly, he is the Founding Father of what we recognize today as the internet…right? Actually, no. There are so many things that we are taught in school as being “absolute truths”: Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, Ben Franklin discovered electricity, Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. But when it comes to a relatively recent technology like the internet, the answer is unclear. Who is our “guy” for the internet? Or “gal” even? As there are many women out there who could just as easily take the credit.
Deciding who is responsible for the internet has become a discussion of great debate. Depending on who you ask, the answer will be different but the reasons still just as valid. Perhaps the story behind who’s responsible is just as complicated as the invention itself, filled with so many moving parts that are only visible when seeing the big picture, and that includes a lot of US government intervention. If that’s the case, was Mr. Gore’s comment really that unreasonable? Could he unironically take credit for inventing the internet?
The reason why a question like this is so open-ended is because the internet itself is an open-ended technology. It wasn’t something that just appeared overnight. It was gradual and took literal generations to master. The internet is so complicated, that even we don’t fully understand it ourselves. We often use the terms “internet” and “world wide web” interchangeably, but they are very different things. In its simplest form, the “internet” is just a bunch of computers talking to each other, and the “World Wide Web” is the software we use to understand what those computers are saying. Now this may seem like some arbitrary distinction to make, I mean when someone says they “bought something on the internet,” we all know what they mean. But knowing the difference is crucial to understanding the internet and its history.
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Beauty Flow by Kevin MacLeodLink:
incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5025-beauty-flow
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Link for images licensed under Creative Commons (CC):creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en
All images and clips are created by me, in the public domain, licensed, under a Creative Commons license with attribution provided, or protected under Fair Use.
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