Michael BronsteinGeometric Deep Learning: The Erlangen Programme of ML - ICLR 2021 Keynote by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College London / IDSIA / Twitter)
“Symmetry, as wide or as narrow as you may define its meaning, is one idea by which man through the ages has tried to comprehend and create order, beauty, and perfection.” This poetic definition comes from the great mathematician Hermann Weyl, credited with laying the foundation of our modern theory of the universe. Another great physicist, Philip Anderson, said that "it is only slightly overstating the case to say that physics is the study of symmetry."
In mathematics, symmetry was crucial in the foundation of geometry as we know it in the 19th century. Now it could have a similar impact on another emerging field. Deep Learning success in recent decades is significant – from revolutionising data science to landmark achievements in computer vision, board games, and protein folding. At the same time, a lack of unifying principles makes it is difficult to understand the relations between different neural network architectures resulting in the reinvention and re-branding of the same concepts.
Michael Bronstein is a professor at Imperial College London and Head of Graph ML Research at Twitter, who is working to bring geometric unification of deep learning through the lens of symmetry. In his ICLR 2021 keynote lecture, he presents a common mathematical framework to study the most successful network architectures, giving a constructive procedure to build future machine learning in a principled way that could be applied in new domains such as social science, biology, and drug design.
Based on M. M. Bronstein, J. Bruna, T. Cohen, P. Veličković, Geometric Deep Learning: Grids, Groups, Graphs, Geodesics, and Gauges, arXiv:2104.13478, 2021 (arxiv.org/abs/2104.13478)
ICLR 2021 Keynote - Geometric Deep Learning: The Erlangen Programme of ML - M BronsteinMichael Bronstein2021-06-08 | Geometric Deep Learning: The Erlangen Programme of ML - ICLR 2021 Keynote by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College London / IDSIA / Twitter)
“Symmetry, as wide or as narrow as you may define its meaning, is one idea by which man through the ages has tried to comprehend and create order, beauty, and perfection.” This poetic definition comes from the great mathematician Hermann Weyl, credited with laying the foundation of our modern theory of the universe. Another great physicist, Philip Anderson, said that "it is only slightly overstating the case to say that physics is the study of symmetry."
In mathematics, symmetry was crucial in the foundation of geometry as we know it in the 19th century. Now it could have a similar impact on another emerging field. Deep Learning success in recent decades is significant – from revolutionising data science to landmark achievements in computer vision, board games, and protein folding. At the same time, a lack of unifying principles makes it is difficult to understand the relations between different neural network architectures resulting in the reinvention and re-branding of the same concepts.
Michael Bronstein is a professor at Imperial College London and Head of Graph ML Research at Twitter, who is working to bring geometric unification of deep learning through the lens of symmetry. In his ICLR 2021 keynote lecture, he presents a common mathematical framework to study the most successful network architectures, giving a constructive procedure to build future machine learning in a principled way that could be applied in new domains such as social science, biology, and drug design.
Based on M. M. Bronstein, J. Bruna, T. Cohen, P. Veličković, Geometric Deep Learning: Grids, Groups, Graphs, Geodesics, and Gauges, arXiv:2104.13478, 2021 (arxiv.org/abs/2104.13478)
Animation: Jakub MakowskiLecture 3: Sheaf Neural Networks - Cristian BodnarMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian Summer School on Geometric Deep Learning, which took place in July 2022 in Pescara.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/GDL_SummerSchool_Part0.pdfLecture 6: Gauge-equivariant Mesh CNN - Pim de HaanMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slide: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/2022-07-27%20Mesh%20-%20First%20Italian%20GDL%20School.pdfLecture 7: From Equivariance to Naturality - Pim de HaanMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/2022-07-27%20Naturality%20@%20First%20Italian%20GDL%20Summer%20School.pdfLecture 5: Equivariant CNNs II (Riemannian manifolds) - Maurice WeilerMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/CoordinateIndependentCNNs.pdfPrerequisites IV: Category Theory - Pim de HaanMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian Summer School on Geometric Deep Learning, which took place in July 2022 in Pescara.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/2022-07-25%20Intro%20to%20categories.pptxPrerequisites III: Manifolds & Fiber Bundles - Maurice WeilerMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian Summer School on Geometric Deep Learning, which took place in July 2022 in Pescara.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/Manifolds_and_Fiber_Bundles.pdfLecture 4: Equivariant CNNs I (Euclidean Spaces) - Maurice WeilerMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/GroupEquivariantConvolutionalNetworksOnEuclideanSpaces.pdfLecture 8: Curvature & Oversquashing in GNNs - Francesco Di GiovanniMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/Groups_Representations_and_Equivariance.pdfLecture 9: GNNs as Dynamic Systems - Francesco Di GiovanniMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/GRAFF_presentation%20(17).pdfLecture 10: Whats Next? - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian School on Geometric Deep Learning held in Pescara in July 2022.
Slides: https://www.sci.unich.it/geodeep2022/slides/Pescara%202022%20-%20Intro.pdfLecture 2: Topological Message Passing - Cristian BodnarMichael Bronstein2022-08-09 | Video recording of the First Italian Summer School on Geometric Deep Learning, which took place in July 2022 in Pescara.
Related papers: papers.nips.cc/paper/2021/file/157792e4abb490f99dbd738483e0d2d4-Paper.pdf http://proceedings.mlr.press/v139/bodnar21a/bodnar21a.pdfAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Seminar 1 (Physics-based GNNs) - Francesco Di GiovanniMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022
Seminar 1 - Graph neural networks through the lens of multi-particle dynamics and gradient flows - Francesco Di Giovanni (Twitter)
Seminar 5 - Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold - Russ Bates (DeepMind)
Slides: dropbox.com/s/lgu6658b7kv2s9w/AIMS%202022%20-%20Seminar%205%20-%20AlphaFold.pdf?dl=0AMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 4 (Geometric Priors II) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 4: Invariant function classes • Learning under invariance • Compositionality • Multiresolution analysis • Scale separation • Combining invariance and Scale separation
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 6 (Graphs & Sets II) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 7 (Grids) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 1: Symmetry through the centuries • First neural networks and the “Perceptron affair” • The curse of dimensionality • First geometric architectures: neocognitron and CNNs • Chemical precursors of GNNs • Geometric deep learning blueprint • The "5G" of Geometric deep learning • Course outline
Slides: Lecture 7: Grids and Translations • Translation group • Shift operator • Linear invariants and equivariants • Fourier transform • Convolution • Fourier invariants • Deformation stability • Multiscale representations • Wavelets • Scattering • CNNs
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Seminar 2 (Subgraph GNNs) - Fabrizio FrascaMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022
Seminar 2 - Subgraphs for more powerful GNNs - Fabrizio Frasca (Twitter)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Seminar 4 (Neural Sheaf Diffusion) - Cristian BodnarMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 2 (Learning in High Dimensions) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 2: Basic notions in learning • Challenges of learning in high dimension • Learning Lipschitz functions • Universal approximation
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 12 (Applications & Trends) - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 12: What's next? • Beyond traditional Message Passing • Algorithmic Reasoning • Causal inferences • Knowledge Graphs • Data vs Computational graphs • Dynamic graphs • Generative models • Standardised benchmarks • Applications • Hardware beyond GPUs • Recommender systems • Fake news detection • Self-driving cars • 3D avatars • High-energy physics • Structural biology and protein science • Chemistry and drug design • Drug repositioning • Hyperfoods • Physics-inspired learning on graphs • Neural diffusion equations • Graph Beltrami flow • Ricci curvature & Bottlenecks • Graph rewiring • Sheaf diffusion • Graph coupled oscillators
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 5 (Graphs & Sets) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 5: Learning on sets • Permutations • Permutation invariance • DeepSets • Permutation equivariance • General blueprint of learning on sets • Learning on graphs • Locality • General blueprint of learning on graphs • Three flavors of GNNs • Convolutional GNNs • Attentional GNNs • Message Passing GNNs
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 11 (Beyond Groups) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 11: Category Theory • Set category • Functors • Natural transformations • Natural graph networks
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 10 (Gauges) - Taco CohenMichael Bronstein2022-07-27 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI 2022 Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 1 (Introduction) - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2022-07-23 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July 2022 by Michael Bronstein (Oxford), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 1: Symmetry through the centuries • First neural networks and the “Perceptron affair” • The curse of dimensionality • First geometric architectures: neocognitron and CNNs • Chemical precursors of GNNs • Geometric deep learning blueprint • The "5G" of Geometric deep learning • Course outline
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 4 (Geometric Priors II) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 4: Invariant function classes • Learning under invariance • Compositionality • Multiresolution analysis • Scale separation • Combining invariance and Scale separation
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 5 (Graphs & Sets I) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 5: Learning on sets • Permutations • Permutation invariance • DeepSets • Permutation equivariance • General blueprint of learning on sets • Learning on graphs • Locality • General blueprint of learning on graphs • Three flavors of GNNs • Convolutional GNNs • Attentional GNNs • Message Passing GNNs
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 1 (Introduction) - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 1: Symmetry through the centuries • The curse of dimensionality • Geometric priors • Invariance and equivariance • Geometric deep learning blueprint • The "5G" of Geometric deep learning • Graphs • Grids • Groups • Geodesics • Gauges • Course outline
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 10 (Gauges) - Taco CohenMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 3 (Geometric Priors I) - Taco CohenMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 3: Symmetries • Abstract groups • Symmetry groups • Group actions • Group representations • Invariance and Equivariance
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 11 (Sequences & Time Warping) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Quallcom), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 11: Static and dynamic domains • Recurrent Neural Networks • Translation invariance • Time warping • Warping the ODE • Discrete Warped RNNs • Gated RNNs • LSTM
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 2 (Learning in High Dimensions) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 2: Basic notions in learning • Challenges of learning in high dimension • Learning Lipschitz functions • Universal approximation
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 7 (Grids) - Joan BrunaMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 7: Grids and Translations • Translation group • Shift operator • Linear invariants and equivariants • Fourier transform • Convolution • Fourier invariants • Deformation stability • Multiscale representations • Wavelets • Scattering • CNNs
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 9 (Manifolds & Meshes) - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 12 (Applications & Conclusions) - Michael BronsteinMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Lecture 12: What's next? • Beyond Message Passing • Algorithmic Reasoning • Causal inferences • Knowledge Graphs • Data vs Computational graphs • Neural PDEs • Dynamic graphs • Generative models • Standardised benchmarks • Applications • Hardware beyond GPUs • Recommender systems • Fake news detection • Self-driving cars • 3D avatars • Face from DNA • Applications in high-energy physics • Applications in structural biology and protein science • AlphaFold 2 • MaSIF • Applications in chemistry and drug design • Virtual drug screening • Drug repositioning • Hyperfoods
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 6 (Graphs & Sets II) - Petar VeličkovićMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)
Additional materials: www.geometricdeeplearning.comAMMI Course Geometric Deep Learning - Lecture 8 (Groups & Homogeneous spaces) - Taco CohenMichael Bronstein2021-08-08 | Video recording of the course "Geometric Deep Learning" taught in the African Master in Machine Intelligence in July-August 2021 by Michael Bronstein (Imperial College/Twitter), Joan Bruna (NYU), Taco Cohen (Qualcomm), and Petar Veličković (DeepMind)