Somnambulist - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-01 | Today’s word is somnambulist. It’s a fancy English word for sleepwalker. It’s derived from latin somnus (“sleep”) and ambulo (“to walk”). It’s great if you want to come across as a smartass. Playlist: youtube.com/watch?v=1MvYG4thE_g&list=PLxPUNwEbydROX2902YX9Ep97RPYpXuM0qWhat is electrical resistance? - Electricity Explained - (4)Into The Ordinary2024-04-20 | Feel free to use this video for educational purposes. You are free to cite parts(!) of the video. Please do not copy the entire video to your channel, thank you.
This video took forever to make. In fact, it took so long I made it twice.
Thank you so much for subscribing and watching and all the kind words 🙏 I read them. It's been a while - life got very much in the way. I hope I won't be working on ITO on my own for long, now.What is voltage? - Electricity Explained - (3)Into The Ordinary2022-03-24 | Electricity playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLxPUNwEbydRN2yldvTWprBRxxpC3TRT7I
Five years after the last video, here is the next one! Sorry it took so long. Briefly; Voltage is how we describe the strength of the current. The electric potential of a power source (such as a battery).
Thanks to Thijs de Bont from DeBont Amps for fact checking. He did this vulentarily. Check out his work at www.debontamps.com
I hope to be able to answer questions if you have any, otherwise see my other videos. This video does assume you've seen at least one of them.
Feel free to use this video for educational purposes. You are free to cite parts(!) of the video. Please do not copy the entire video to your channel, thank you.
When you have an electric current it's useful to be able to measure that current. This is done in amps (often using a multimeter). This video explains what an amp (A) (short for ampere) is, which also involves the coulomb (C). The coulomb is the SI standard unit for electric charge, whereas the amp is the SI standard unit for current.
1A equals 1C per 1s (seconds).
One coulomb is roughly equivalent to 6.24 quintillion(!) electrons carrying a charge. That's at 1A. Imagine how many electrons pass a certain point when the current is 5000A(!)
What is electricity? How does electricity work? What do electrons do? What is short circuiting? These are all questions answered in this video: A fundamental explainer on what electricity is and how it works.
In following videos we'll look at voltage, ampere, ohm (resistance) and many more electricity related topics. All of this is to build a foundation of knowledge to serve all the future (and past) videos here on Into The Ordinary.
A couple of choices were made during the production of this video, that can be helpful to know: - I chose to mention the Bohr-model in relation to the orbital model to bring the point across that there is more to atoms than just this. The What Are Atoms? video better explains orbitals than this video does, though. - I intentionally used the word "shells" instead of orbits because it better catches what electrons are in real life, although still a simplification. This video is about electricity, not particle physics. - Power generation, how batteries work, amps, volts, ohms, are all topics I want to address in separate videos. - There will probably be a few more questions about this video, which I will try to address in the comments or in the description, here.
Never directly connect a wire to both holes of a wall socket, and never directly connect a wire to both ends of a battery! This can be dangerous and potentially life threatening!
Because what we take for granted did not appear out of thin air. Most of our human world has been manufactured, designed, invented or stumbled upon. Things happen and very often a fellow human - alive or dead - was behind it. Into The Ordinary uncovers the stories behind these everyday objects and paradigms. Why do we still use stamps? How does a blow dryer work? Or a toilet? How does light work? What is electricity? And more, all explained in simple, practical terms (where applicable).
The schedule change was necessary because I was heading for a fast burn-out. Making content and these videos ought to be fun, as well.
The video explains how steam locomotives use a fuel (usually coal) to start a fire and get water boiling, in order to create steam, which drives the reciprocating piston. Much like a piston in your car, although there there's one tiny "explosion" that happens when the piston is on the top of the stroke (along with a few other pistons).
In reciprocating steam engines, pistons get pushed and pushed, meaning: They get pushed by pressurised steam from both sides, alternating (obviously). Using this back-and-forth motion, using a smart connection to the drive wheel - offsetting it from the center - you can get that wheel to move. And thus, move the train (and whatever it's pulling).
There are different types of steam engine, the most popular one (and the one used in most steam locomotives) is the reciprocating piston engine. A piston moves left and right, pushed by (super)heated steam. This directly drives the wheels.
A few things were skipped in the animation, such as the steam whistle or how the safety valve works. I also left out the superheater, because of time constraints. Basically, what a superheater does, is run the steam entering the main steam pipe and rerouting it passed the firetubes, thus further heating the steam. This to make absolutely sure the water in the steam is too hot to condens in the pistons.
Of course there is more to the story of locomotives and trains than just how they work, the whole idea of moving cargo by train is interesting. As is the rules of the road - or rail, rather - that apply.
At first I wanted to do something similar to all my other videos: Simply explain the thing. However, check valves are probably one of the most boring subjects (sorry check valve specialists). I was slamming my head into the table, that how de-motivating this topic was, at first.
Thanks to Brian from Real Engineering (youtube.com/realengineering) who suggested looking for the story behind the topic. Hence the title: How check valves brew coffee and launch rockets. Perhaps more clickbait-y but definitely a whole lot more interesting to watch, wouldn't you say?
There are many types of check valves and an equal amount of variations, types and solutions. From the humble ball check valve to precisely engineered aerospace check valves that can withstand being in space.
A couple of things have been left out for the sake of simplicity and/or brevity. For instance, Blu-ray discs are layered differently from their predecessors. Where CDs have a thick transparent layer and a thin supportive back layer, Blu-ray are opposite. The transparent layer is much stronger than those of CDs due to new technologies, and with a thicker back layer BDs are stronger and cheaper to produce. Also, problems with the laser light misreading the data due to errors in the transparent material, has been reduced.
Another thing I omitted from the animation was the fact that the laser and photocell move together, across the disc. I'm still on the fence if this is interesting or important and chose to leave it out due to time restraints (my own, not the video's).
HD DVD was very short-lived, only being actively produced between 2006 and 2008, when it was abandoned and the HD DVD group was dissolved. BD had won. Ultra HD Blu-ray seems poised to supersede Blu-ray in the near future, but if you ask me it's a pretty cumbersome name, for now.
To set up a draught beer system there are a couple of variables to keep in mind: The distance your beer has to travel from the keg to the tap, the type of beer you're serving, the beer's ideal serving temperature and what type of coupler the keg it will be delivered in is fitted with.
Depending on local laws beer lines can be made from stainles steel, copper or food-grade PVC. Either way, these need to be cleaned regularly.
Couplers allow gas to enter the keg while, at the same time, allow beer to flow up and out of it. The spear, inside the keg, runs down to the bottom as far as it can, in order to enable as much beer as possible to flow out of the keg.
Many beers (such as pilsners) require carbonation. That is why CO2 is often used. Other beers, such as dry stouts, use nitrogen instead. Nitrogen, however, is used under higher pressures. Therefor a nitrogenized beer setup requires nitrogen-specific regulators and possibly other hardware.
In the UK beer engines and flat, "real" ales are more popular. Here the kegs are called casks and no gasses are used. Instead, the ale casks are aired and the warm beer is pumped, manually, using the beer engine. How, exactly, is a great topic for another video.
Did you know flags probably evolved from military standards? And that the colour red was synonymous with protest before it was synonymous with communism? The word for the study of flags, vexillology, has its origins in the vexillum - a Roman standard.
So yeah, I had to redo this video. The first one made a couple of mistakes and I misinterpreted some things, simply due to a bit too much haste and not enough reading. Sorry for the confusion!
So here we go, a new refrigerators animation. It's still somewhat simplified here and there (as we don't delve too deep into compressors, pressures or the effects of heat transfer), but there's plenty left to tell (and plenty left for other videos). I hope you like the revised version, which ought to get the way the coolant ("refrigerant") works, right. Cheers!
Thanks to Redditor u/2strokePanda for pointing me in the right direction!
1️⃣ How do refrigerators work? 2️⃣ How do Blu-Ray players work? 3️⃣ How do check valves work?
I will temporarily go full-time in September, to enable this I've been working extra hard (and I am still busy with that, by the way). So stay tuned for updates.
Also! I'd love to know how you liked this update, was it good?
Melitta Bentz did not only invent the paper coffee filter, thanks to her son's blotting paper, she was also the namegiver to the family-owned company, who still sell paper coffee filters.
Also, it is better not to use boiling water (100℃/212℉) but use water just below that (between 91℃/195℉ and 96℃/205℉) the closer you can get to 96℃, the better. Using boiling water burns the coffee.
That lovely gurgling sound - and more - explained in this animation on drip coffee machines. The classic coffee maker seen all around.
It was quite hard, actually, streaming and animating at the same time. I turned the audio off so I could play music without any legal problems later. Also; the streaming software caused the color picker to work funny in After Effects, so when you see me copy-pasting colors, that's why.What is an atom? #physics #atoms #electronsInto The Ordinary2016-12-07 | Atoms, what are they? What do they do? This video dives into the world of atoms, explaining what makes up atoms. In follow up videos (such as the one on Electricity) we build upon knowledge shared in this video in a more practical example and explanation.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/xplainedtv ▶ Web: xplained.tvHow do quartz clocks work? - Clocks And Watches ExplainedInto The Ordinary2016-10-20 | How do quartz clocks work? What makes them tick? Any clock with quartz on its dial works using this method. Quartz isn't a brand, it's merely the clock telling you how accurate it is (and how cheap it was the produce the mechanism).
Did you know the first marketed quartz-mechanism consumer wristwatch was the Seiko Astron? There are still new Astrons being made, it is listed as a "key milestone" in electrical engineering.
Piezoelectricity was discovered in 1880 by Jacques and Pierre Curie. The effect is used in many applications, such as detection of sound, generating high voltages, driving ultrasonic nozzles and more.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbLekker - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-10 | Today’s word is lekker. It’s a Dutch word with many meanings. It stems from the Dutch word for licking, but almost anything can be ‘lekker’. Obviously, lekker can apply to a good taste or smell. But also physical contact can be lekker, such as fitting clothes or sex. People, too, can be ‘lekker’ - meaning physically attractive. Lekker can also be used ironically for a bad person or situation. One can also feel lekker or not ‘lekker’ - content or nauseous. You can also make someone ‘lekker’ - convincing them something is desirable There are many more applications of the word lekker. Lekker is a homonym - the Dutch language has a lot of these: Words with the same pronunciation of the same type, but with completely different meanings.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbSaudade - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-10 | Today’s word is saudade. It’s a Portugese word that’s a bit difficult to describe. One definition is a melancholic, intimate feeling or mood of incompleteness - due to the absence of someone or something, whether it’s a person, place or experience. A feeling caused by longing for something missing, something absent. One English verb that probably comes close to saudade, is “to pine”. Saudade is similar but not equal to nostalgia - that word also exists in Portugese. Thanks to Monique for suggesting this word: http://www.twitter.com/mskoopmans
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbAperitivo - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-10 | Today’s word is aperitivo. It’s the Italian word for a ritual of going out for a pre-dinner drink. Early evening, finished work, ready to wind down. It’s also the name for a pre-dinner drink. Aperitivo comes from the Latin word “to open”. The effect of something tasty, making you water at the mouth, is literally described as something that “opens your stomach”. That’s exactly what an aperitivo is for; getting ready to enjoy your upcoming meal. Thanks to Serena for suggesting this word: http://www.twitter.com/shesinastro
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbUkonilma - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-06 | (#12 Aug 7, 2015) Today’s word is ukonilma. It means thunderstorm in Finnish. Translated it would mean the “the weather of Ukko”. Ukko is the old Finnish god of sky, weather, harvest and... thunder. The related word “Ukonvaaja” means thunderbolt and literally translates to “the hammer of Ukko.” Thanks to Eero for suggesting this word! (@eeronaut)
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbUmweltverschmutzung - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-06 | (#13 Aug 8, 2015) Today’s word is Umweltverschmutzung. In German new words can be formed by connecting two seperate words. Umwelt means the environment or area. And Verschmutzung means polution. Combine these two together and you get Environmentpollution; Umweltverschmutzung. Thanks to Tom for suggesting this word! (@toffringa)
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbPetrichor - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-06 | (#11 Aug 6, 2015) Today’s word is petrichor. This is the scientific name for that earthy smell after rain. It was coined in 1964 by two Australian researchers. Based on two Greek words: Petra [stone] and ichor [blood of the gods/immortals]. Plant oils and spores released by bacteria in the soil, react when wet. One compound released is geosmin [earth smell], which is also found in beetroot and carp.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbXerotic - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-06 | (#14 Aug 9, 2015) Today’s word is xerotic. Xerosis stems from the Greek word xeros, meaning dry. It has nothing to do with erotic, unless this is your thing... Xerosis or xeroderma, is a medical word for abnormal dryness, although it is a very common condition. It happens more often during the winter when the air is less humid. Also bathing and washing too frequently can cause dry, flaky skin. There are many lotions and moisturizers available to cure and prevent xerotic skin.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/xplainedtv ▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdb`A`ā - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-05 | (10) Today’s word is `a`ā. `A`ā is a Hawaiian word for one of three basic types of flow lava. It describes basaltic lava forming rough, jagged masses with a rubbly surface. Hiking across cooled `a`ā is harder than lava fields created by pāhoehoe - smooth, unbroken lava.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbChinlone - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-04 | (9) Today’s word is chinlone. It’s a non-competitive one-team woven rotan ball game originating from Myanmar (or Burma) It is also known as caneball and is a blend between sports and dance. The goal of chinlone is how beautifully one plays it.
▶ Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/sfvdbToilet - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-03 | (8) Today’s word is toilet. At one point a toilet was called an arse-wisp. A toilette was a French word for a bag for clothes. In English that word morphed into “the process of getting dressed” (1680s). Then toilet started to mean “dressing room” (1820s). And when these got plumbing the toilet evolved into the toilets of today. Playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLxPUNwEbydROX2902YX9Ep97RPYpXuM0qGezellig - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-08-02 | (7) Today’s word is gezellig. It’s a Dutch word and it’s meaning is difficult to translate. It’s often translated as cozy, homely or sociable. But the best translation I’ve heard so far is this: Anything ‘gezellig’ fits within your comfort zone. (Cut: Whether it’s a person, a place, a thing or something abstract. Gezelligheid is something the Dutch constantly strive for.) Playlist: youtube.com/watch?v=uD2hpPSDBeg&list=PLxPUNwEbydROX2902YX9Ep97RPYpXuM0qDonc - 365wordsInto The Ordinary2015-07-31 | Today’s word is donc. It’s a French word meaning therefore, or, ‘so’. I love the contrast this word creates within the flow of French language, an example: “Je pense, donc je suis.” (I think, therefore I am) Playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLxPUNwEbydROX2902YX9Ep97RPYpXuM0qHow is glass made? - Glass ExplainedInto The Ordinary2015-07-30 | How is glass made? How are glass bottles made? And window panes? Basically all commercial glass is made with this process. There will be some differences such as the forming or the composition of the glass. Because of these differences in composition, recycled glass is always sorted by color.
Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid. So yes, it's a solid. Depending on the chemicals it is mixed with, it can have different properties. There are also films and other post-production treatments that can change the property of the glass. IE: Turning it into a mirror or one-way window.
Fiberglass is indeed made using glass. By melting it and stringing it into fibers and then coating it in a plastic resin. It doesn't conduct (it's an insulator) and gets harder over time.
The argument that glass is a fluid because in old windows they're thicker at the bottom is a false one. Old glass was hand-made, by spinning it into a disc and flatten it out into a square shape, it was imperfect. When cut to fit into a window, they were placed with the thickest side down, to provide stability and avoid too much water accumulating in unwanted places.
Did you know that speakers are basically reversed microphones? By applying a current to the magnet it can move the diaphragm to produce a sound. Of course the design of the device has to suit the production of proper sound waves.
A microphone can work thanks to electromagnetism. By creating a magnetic field and moving the coil through it, a signal is created that can then be used, IE: Converted back into sound.
Laser microphones ("spy" microphones) work shining a laser beam on a surface affected by sound waves, for instance a window. That way that object's movement can be translated into sound waves and a conversation inside the house could possibly be made audible from a safe distance.
Flat-bottomed electric kettles may be easier to clean, but are also more noisy than their exposed-coil brethren. Still, some cleaning vinegar can really clean up your kettle (just make sure you rinse it properly before making a cup of tea).
Did you know that electric kettles are hardly used in the United States because of voltage? Because most homes in the US get 100-127 volts from their sockets, in many other countries that is about double; 220-240 volts. Because of the lower voltages electric kettles wouldn't heat water as fast as they would elsewhere. That way they just did not catch on in the States and the stove-top kettle is still preferred there.