Timothy Merfry Tiwow
Data sourced from official KNKT Final Report
updated 5 months ago
A 3D reconstruction of the final moments of Adam Air Flight 574. FDR Animation made by extracting the data from DFDR graph from KNKT/NTSC Final Report, this visualization synchronizes FDR (Flight Data Recorder) telemetry with CVR (Cockpit Voice Recorder) transcripts.
### 🛠️ Technical Methodology
To achieve this, the reconstruction utilizes a multi-stage data pipeline:
- Sub-Pixel Extraction: Telemetry was retrieved via pixel-by-pixel scanning of DFDR graph, using threshold-based noise reduction.
- Aero-Physical Spline Warping: Temporal synchronization was achieved using PCHIP (Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial). Unlike standard splines, PCHIP ensures monotonicity, preventing physically impossible "overshoots" and providing perfectly smooth transitions between forensic anchor points.
- 10Hz Data Fusion: The visualization runs on a unified 0.1s resolution, reconstructing the 3D flight path through dead reckoning.
### 📂 Data Sources
* KNKT Final Report (DFDR Graph Data)
* CVR transcripts
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### ⏱️ Key Moments
* 0:00 - Introduction
* 0:42 - Autopilot Disengages. Note the aileron/yoke behavior.
* 1:17 - Bank Angle warning sounds.
* 1:40 - Overspeed warning. Structural stress increases.
* 2:23 - Critical dynamic failure and loss of FDR data.
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*Disclaimer: This video is for educational purposes only. It is intended to visualize the data presented in official investigative reports in a different way. This video should not be used for any analysis work.*
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#AviationSafety #FlightReconstruction #AdamAir574 #Aviation #FDR #DFDR #FlightPath #CVR
Digital Flight Data Recorder (DFDR) data. Watch the exact moment the Boeing 737-400
entered an unrecoverable spiral dive over the Makassar Strait.
On January 1, 2007, Adam Air Flight 574 (Boeing 737-400, registration PK-KKW) departed
Surabaya at 12:59 local time en route to Manado, Indonesia. All 102 people on board
perished, making it the deadliest accident ever involving a Boeing 737-400. This animation
is built exclusively from DFDR parameters contained in the official KNKT/NTSC Final
Accident Investigation Report (No. KNKT/07.01/08.01.36), published March 25, 2008.
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📌 TIMESTAMPS
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0:00 – Introduction
0:03 – Data Sources
0:13 – Flight Path Animation
0:37 – AP Disengage
1:14 – Bank Angle Alert
2:18 – End Of Valid DFDR Data
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📂 ABOUT THE DFDR DATA
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The Flight Data Recorder (FDR) was recovered on August 27, 2007, from a depth of 2,000
meters in the Makassar Strait by a U.S. Navy ship. The Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) was
recovered the following day at 1,900 meters depth.
DFDR parameters visualized in this animation include:
• Roll attitude and pitch attitude
• Indicated airspeed (IAS) and Mach number
• Altitude (barometric and pressure)
• Vertical speed / rate of descent
• Magnetic heading
• Autopilot engagement status
• Control surface inputs (aileron, elevator)
• Bank angle alerts
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🔍 WHAT HAPPENED — SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
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During cruise at FL350 (35,000 ft), the Boeing 737-400's Inertial Reference System (IRS)
malfunctioned — a problem that had been reported 154 times across the Adam Air fleet with
no maintenance action taken. Both pilots became engrossed in troubleshooting the IRS
anomaly for at least the final 13 minutes of the flight, with neither pilot actively
monitoring flight instruments or flying the aircraft.
When the crew switched the IRS Mode Selector Unit to ATT (Attitude) mode, the autopilot
automatically disengaged. The aircraft began a slow roll to the right. The BANK ANGLE aural
alert activated as the aircraft exceeded 35° right bank — but the crew, now suffering from
spatial disorientation, failed to respond effectively. Roll rate was momentarily arrested
several times, but positive, sustained recovery was never achieved.
The aircraft reached 100° bank angle with a 60° nose-down pitch attitude. The DFDR
recorded a maximum descent rate of 53,760 ft/min (273 m/s). At approximately 9,000 ft
above sea level, the aircraft reached Mach 0.926 (490 knots) — far beyond its maximum
structural dive speed of 400 knots. The tailplane suffered structural failure 20 seconds
before recording ended. The Boeing 737-400 broke apart in midair before reaching the water.
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📋 INVESTIGATION CONCLUSIONS (KNKT/NTSC)
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The Indonesian National Transportation Safety Committee (KNKT) identified the following
causal factors:
1. Flight crew failed to monitor flight instruments; neither pilot was flying the aircraft
2. Preoccupation with IRS troubleshooting for 13+ minutes
3. Spatial disorientation following autopilot disengagement
4. Adam Air provided no IRS failure training or aircraft upset recovery training
5. Adam Air's maintenance failed to resolve repetitive IRS defects across its 737 fleet
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🔗 SOURCES & FURTHER READING
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📄 KNKT Final Report (KNKT/07.01/08.01.36)
📖 Wikipedia – Adam Air Flight 574
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🔔 SUBSCRIBE for more DFDR-based flight path reconstructions and aviation safety analyses.
👍 LIKE this video if you found the data visualization helpful.
💬 Leave questions or corrections in the comments — accuracy matters here.
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⚠️ DISCLAIMER: This animation is created solely for educational and aviation safety
awareness purposes using publicly available official investigation data. All parameters
are sourced from the KNKT Final Accident Investigation Report.
#AdamAirFlight574 #DFDRAnimation #AviationAccident #FlightPathAnimation #Boeing737Crash
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