This video is about the Kannada Rashtrakuta Dynasty, which established a powerful, highly-militaristic empire that ruled for over two hundred years. The Rashtrakutas "Tripartite" struggle with the Pratiharas and the Palas over the heart of North India -- Kannauj -- is fundamental to the politics and history of the early medieval era in India.
It may surprise many casual Indian history buffs to learn that for many decades between the 8th and 10th centuries CE, there were Kannada speaking soldiers and nobles conquering and administering large swathes of North, West, and Central India.
This video is about the Kannada Rashtrakuta Dynasty, which established a powerful, highly-militaristic empire that ruled for over two hundred years. The Rashtrakutas "Tripartite" struggle with the Pratiharas and the Palas over the heart of North India -- Kannauj -- is fundamental to the politics and history of the early medieval era in India.
It may surprise many casual Indian history buffs to learn that for many decades between the 8th and 10th centuries CE, there were Kannada speaking soldiers and nobles conquering and administering large swathes of North, West, and Central India.
Lotus by Kevin MacLeod Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5046-lotus License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0What did Ancient Indian cities ACTUALLY look like?Odd Compass2024-11-30 | For many people, Ancient India is faceless -- shapeless. The general public doesn't have a strong understanding of what its prosperous cities would have looked like, or even what sort of facilities the average citizen would use, or what sort of activities the average citizen would engage in.
In this video, we take a closer look at many of the aspects that comprise an Ancient Indian city, from taverns, to toilets, public baths, courtyard houses, restaurants, and more. With the help of our team of architectural historians, we dive deep so that you can get a better sense of life in Ancient Indian cities.
Enjoy!
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Sources:
Upinder Singh, A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Delhi: Pearson Education India, 2008. R. S. Sharma, India's Ancient Past. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2005. John Marshall, Taxila: An Illustrated Account of Archaeological Excavations. Cambridge University Press, 1951. Romila Thapar, Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. University of California Press, 2003. Kautilya, Arthashastra, translated by R. Shamasastry. Bangalore: Government Press, 1915. Megasthenes, Indica (as referenced by Arrian and other later classical authors). Xuanzang, Records of the Western Regions (as translated in various modern editions). Bharata Muni, Natya Shastra (translated in various editions). Alka Pande, The Book of Courtesans: An Anthology of Classical Writings on the Courtesans of India. India: Mapin Publishing, 2015. James Ferguson, History of Indian and Eastern Architecture. Cambridge University Press, 2013 (originally published in 1910). John Keay, India: A History. HarperCollins, 2000. Fa-Hien, A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms (translated and edited in modern editions)KINGMAKERS: How Indian Merchants Influenced the Rise & Fall of EmpiresOdd Compass2024-07-19 | Indian merchant guilds deserve more attention. For too long, most of the focus of Indian history has been kings, queens, and nobles, revolutionaries and commanders. Merchants have remained on the sidelines.
In this video, we'll go through the history of Indian merchants (as individuals, and as part of merchant guilds) in the subcontinent. From their origin in the Indus Valley Civilization to their role in the expansionary phase of the Chola Empire -- this is a truly fascinating historical narrative.
Hope you enjoy the video!How an Outcast King Built One of Indias Greatest EmpiresOdd Compass2024-03-04 | Krishnadevaraya ranks among India's greatest kings -- by the end of his life he remained undefeated on the battlefield, and had built the Vijayanagara Empire up to the apex of its power and prosperity. Even more fascinating: he was a low-caste king, with perpetual "underdog" status.
Special thanks to Srinivas Reddy for his excellent new book on Krishnadevaraya: "Raya"
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V7TXJKAWPRQDCEMQBodhidharma: the Mysterious Indian Prince Behind Kung-Fu and ZenOdd Compass2023-11-05 | Bodhidharma is a fascinating historical figure -- his life is shrouded in mystery, and much of it has to be pieced together from a fragmented mix of sources, some contemporary, some written many centuries after his death in 528CE. However, there is no denying that he played a significant part in creating what we now know as "Kung Fu," and that he propagated Zen Buddhism in the East.
Today, we're diving into Bodhidharma's incredible legacy. Enjoy!
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Academic research conducted by Shafaque Rahman instagram.com/shafaque10The Unmaking of India: How the British Impoverished the World’s Richest CountryOdd Compass2023-07-27 | Over 190 years of colonial rule, the British collapsed India's institutions and economy, and destroyed the equivalent of $45 TRILLION. This is the shocking story of how the British -- through the East India Company first, then the Crown -- actually accomplished such a horrible feat.
Special thanks to Shashi Tharoor for his book, "Inglorious Empire," which inspired this video.The Ahom Kingdom: How Thai Migrants Built a Northeast Indian SuperpowerOdd Compass2023-04-22 | The history of the Ahom Kingdom -- and Northeast India more broadly -- is often neglected. In fact, most people don't know that the Ahom was actually a Southeast Asian (Tai) power for most of its history, with close ties to its homeland in modern-day Yunnan.
In this video, I aim to cover -- in brief -- the story of the Ahom, from their original migration into India, to their conflicts with the Mughals, and much, much more.
Enjoy!Forgotten History: the Romani (Gypsy) Migration from India to EuropeOdd Compass2023-01-23 | The Romani (colloquially known as the "Gypsies") are a community of European itinerants with surprising origins in northwest India. In this video, we explore the fascinating histories of two distinct Romani groups: the Roma and the Sinti. From surviving Turkic and Arab invasions, to navigating the complex social worlds of unfamiliar lands in the Middle East and Europe, this is the tale of migrant peoples who made a life for themselves despite extraordinary circumstances.
Or at the Odd Compass YouTube Store: youtube.com/channel/UCpZYcHFVksxNCwrUKgJMDyw/storeAn Indian Game of Thrones: How One Prince Saved the Chola Empire from DestructionOdd Compass2022-10-21 | The world is gobbling up the history of the Chola Empire, thanks to the successful release of the Tamil movie Ponniyan Selvan. But Kulottunga Chola's story remains neglected.
Today, let's explore how Kulottunga Chola -- a Telugu Chola -- saved the Empire from near-destruction at the hands of Vikramaditya, the ambitious Chalukya Emperor.
This is a tale worth experiencing. Enjoy!How an Indian Merchant Became Cambodias First King: a Story of IndianizationOdd Compass2022-07-31 | Yep, you read that right. Cambodia’s first king (Kaundinya) was an Indian merchant!
But Kaundinya is more than just a man. He symbolizes over 1000 years of Indian influence in the region, a connection that would change the face of Southeast Asia forever.
In this video, I'll introduce you to the Kaundinya-Soma love story, but I'll also introduce you to many other Indians and Southeast Asians whose experiences reveal a lot about the Indianization process.
In fact, we'll even explore a "reverse" story: that of Nandi Varman II, a SE Asian prince who claims the Pallava Dynasty throne and becomes the greatest of the Pallava kings.
Enjoy!
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Further reading: "Ocean of Churn," by Sanjeev Sanyal "The Indianized States of Southeast Asia," by George CoedesChanakya: Ancient Indias Political MastermindOdd Compass2022-05-08 | In the history of Ancient India, Chanakya -- also known as Kautilya -- stands tall among his peers. He not only orchestrated the rise of the Mauryan Empire (the largest native empire in Indian history), but he also created a system of statecraft that continued to influence South and Southeast Asia for thousands of years.
This is his story.
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Sources (non-exhaustive):
"Ashoka and the Maurya Dynasty," by Colleen Taylor Sen "Chanakya," by MH Syed "Chanakya Today," by Dipavali Sen "The Indian Machiavelli," by Maria Misra "Kautilya's Relevance for India Today," by Michael Liebig "Understanding Kautilya's Arthashastra," by Pradeep Kumar Gautam "Political Morality vs. Political Necessity: Kautilya," by Narasingha Prosad Sil
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Music
“Eastern Eyes,” by Ian Kelosky ID: WVJEGI1PK3B5RI1W XFR3TBST0CHR5AEWThe Courtesans of Ancient India | History & HeeramandiOdd Compass2022-02-26 | Enjoying the popular TV show, Heeramandi? Then you know that courtesans have played an important role in Indian history, but are often overlooked and misunderstood. This is a brief introduction into courtesan culture in ancient and medieval India -- and the influence that courtesans had. I've also attempted to dive into some related subjects, like birth control methodologies for courtesans and their clients.
Enjoy!How Did India Fall to the Europeans? | EAST vs. WESTOdd Compass2021-12-28 | European colonial history in Asia -- from the British in India to the Dutch in Indonesia -- is often misunderstood. We're (incorrectly) taught that the East India Companies dominated Asia early, giving rise to more direct European control over their newfound colonies.
The truth is much more interesting. In this video, I focus on India to tell the story of the West vs. the East in the "Age of Discovery."
European dominance of imperial Asia really only began in the mid-1700s, and that too is a poorly explained phenomenon. In reality, the factors giving rise to European dominance were mostly luck-based, and were the inevitable result of late medieval military-social change in Europe: the Military Revolution.
Enjoy!
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Further reading:
"Empires of the Weak: the Real Story of European Expansion and the Creation of the New World Order," by J.C. Sharman "Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not," by Prasannan Parthasarathi "The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy," by Kenneth PomeranzThe Tibetan Empire: a Silk Road SuperpowerOdd Compass2021-11-04 | The History of Tibet is a fascinating one.
The Tibetan Empire was founded in the early medieval era, and quickly rose to become a pan-Asian Empire that engaged extensively with the Indian subcontinent, controlled valuable overland Silk Road routes, and contended with China.
This is the story of the Rise of the Tibetan Empire -- from the founding of the empire to the rumblings of a golden age.
I hope you enjoy!
#tibet #tibetanhistory #lhasa
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Sources (non-exhaustive):
"Tibet: a History" by Sam Van Schaik "The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia" by Christopher Beckwith "Empires of the Silk Road" by Christopher Beckwith "The Early History of Tibet from Chinese Sources" by Stephen Bushell "The Old Tibetan Annals: an Annotated Translation" by Guntram Hazed
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Chapters:
0:00 Intro 3:17 Tibet Expands 7:41 Brides & Buddhism 9:00 The India Crisis 11:01 Thriving Under the Gar Clan 14:58 Rumbles of a Golden AgeGreeks & Romans in Ancient India: 8 Things You Might Not KnowOdd Compass2021-08-26 | In ancient times, the Greco-Roman world and India were closely interconnected. The religion, trade, philosophy, science, and art of these regions influenced one another and created a fascinating melting pot of ideas and peoples.
I hope you enjoy this "list" video style, where I explore everything from Greco-Buddhism to Greek slaves in India, and more.
Chapters: 00:00 Introduction 0:32 #1 Buddhism Among the Greeks 2:44 #2 Greco-Roman Art in India 4:57 #3 Roman Trade with India 8:13 #4 Roman Communities in India 9:34 #5 Indian Visitors in the Greco-Roman World 11:55 #6 Greco-Roman Women as Slaves in India 13:42 #7 Scientific Exchange 15:07 #8 Astrological Exchange
Sources (non-exhaustive):
Hain, Kathryn A. "The Prestige Makers: Greek Slave Women in Ancient India." Ray, Himanshu P. "The Yavana presence in ancient India.” Pollard, Elizabeth A. “Indian Spices and Roman ‘Magic’ in Imperial and Late Antique Indomediterranea.” J. Thorley. “The Silk Trade between China and the Roman Empire at its Height, Circa a.d. 90–130.” Geraghty, Ryan M. “The Impact of Globalization in the Roman Empire.” Fitzpatrick, Matthew P. “Provincializing Rome: The Indian Ocean Trade Network and Roman Imperialism.” Woolf, Greg. “Imperialism, empire and the integration of the Roman economy.” Prasad, Durga P. “History of the Andhras.” “Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.” “The Geography of Strabo.” “Pliny the Elder’s Natural History.”
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UJB16AMXALMZTAKDDecoding Ashokas Legacy | Ancient Indian HistoryOdd Compass2021-06-19 | Ashoka -- the most famous leader of the Mauryan Empire -- is a beloved historical figure, in India and beyond. His imperial successes, his role in spreading Buddhism, and his story of personal redemption continue to beguile historians and general readers today.
But is the popular narrative completely accurate? We dive into the historical record and look into the inconsistencies, revealing a more nuanced portrait of an emperor whose legacy is larger-than-life.
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Sources (non-exhaustive):
"Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions," by Ananda W.P. Guruge "Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas," by Romila Thapar "The Ocean of Churn," by Sanjeev Sanyal "King Ashoka: His Edicts and His Times," by Ven S. Dhammika "Ashoka the Great," by M.H. Syed "Ashoka: the Search for India's Lost Emperor," by Charles Allen Translated EdictsIndia, China, and the Maritime Silk Road: More Than Just a Trade RouteOdd Compass2021-05-02 | From ancient times to the medieval era, the Maritime Silk Road (also known as the Indian Ocean trade routes) has served as a trade superhighway connecting India, China, Southeast Asia, the Arab world, East Africa, and the Mediterranean.
The Maritime Silk Road is an icon of pre-modern globalization, and we can learn a great deal about the interconnectedness of the ancient and medieval world through examining the unique details of this network. But it was more than just a trade route -- the Maritime Silk Road was traversed not only by merchants, but also diplomats, adventurers, monks, and others.
Enjoy the video!
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Sources (non-exhaustive!): The Formation of Chinese Maritime Networks to Southern Asia, 1200-1450 by Tansen Sen Sino–Malay Trade and Diplomacy from the Tenth through the Fourteenth Century by Derek Heng An Early Age of Commerce in Southeast Asia, 900-1300 CE by Geoff Wade "Indianization" from the Indian Point of View: Trade and Cultural Contacts with Southeast Asia in the Early First Millennium C.E. by Monica L. SmithTechno-powered: How Medieval Indian Empires Utilized Guns and CannonsOdd Compass2021-03-05 | In the late medieval era, Indian empires went through both a military and sociopolitical transformation thanks to the introduction of gunpowder technology (firearms and cannons). Gunpowder weapons led to centralization and innovation. It also created "big" winners and losers -- those who were willing to adapt, and those who were not.
In this video, we'll also be examining the introduction of gunpowder technology to India through the lens of the Vijayanagar Empire (and partly the Mughal Empire). Enjoy!
References include:
"Warfare on the Deccan Plateau, 1450-1600" by Richard Eaton "'Kiss My Foot,' Said the King: Firearms, Diplomacy, and the Battle for Raichur" by Richard Eaton "Gunpowder and Empire: the Indian Case" by Iqtidar Alam Khan "General President's Address: Indian Response to Firearms, 1300-1750" by Iqtidar Alam KhanHow a British Pirate Robbed a Massive Mughal Treasure FleetOdd Compass2021-01-08 | In 1696CE, the British Pirate Henry Every arrived in the Indian Ocean and allied with five other pirate captains to attack a Mughal treasure fleet. Despite being at a disadvantage, Captain Every successfully captured the largest ship in the Mughal fleet -- the Ganj-i-Sawai, also known as the Gunsway -- and secured treasure worth over $120 million in today's currency.
The consequences were substantial.
The Mughals took steps to end British trade in India, and the East India Company made several concessions in an effort to win back Mughal trust -- they paid compensation and started an international manhunt to find and execute Every and his crew.
But Every was never caught, and his legend has only grown. Today, he is often referred to as the "King of Pirates," despite having only spent two years as a pirate.
Enjoy!That Time the Portuguese Brought an Inquisition to India | Goan HistoryOdd Compass2020-11-15 | In the mid-1500sCE, the Portuguese Empire established a Catholic inquisition in their Indian colony of Goa, imposing strict laws and punishments for the "heretical violations" of both native Indians and Portuguese settlers alike.
The Portuguese Inquisition in Goa remains a relatively unknown story, however.
The persecution hell created by the Portuguese not only oppressed the residents of Goa for nearly three hundred years, but also ocost them their trade advantage vis-a-vis other European powers.
This is the story of the Portuguese Inquisition in Goa. Hope you enjoy!
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Download Link: https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary_... Artist: Jimena Contreras Title: Devil´s Organ Genre: CinematicRudrama Devi: Warrior-Queen of the Kakatiya DynastyOdd Compass2020-08-22 | Indian history is full of interesting women, but perhaps foremost among them is Rudrama Devi, a Telugu Queen whose rule as Queen-Regnant of the famed Kakatiya Dynasty lasted for thirty years.
During this time, she fought off a number of different adversaries, and continued in her father's footsteps, implementing many impactful social reforms. Even today, the water tanks installed during her reign see use.
Whether you're looking for a feminist perspective on Indian history, or are simply looking to understand a storied dynasty and one of its greatest rulers, it is worth getting to know Rudrama Devi.
Enjoy!
Sources (non-exhaustive):
"Outlines of an History of the Hindu Law of Partition, Inheritance, and Adoption: As Contained in the Original Sanskrit Treatises," by Jolly Julius "Sudra Rulers and Officials in Early Medieval Times," by H.S. Kotiyal "Issues in the Emergence of an Agrarian Region in Andhra," by Neeraj Sahay "Temples, Donors, and Gifts: Patterns of Patronage in Thirteen-Century South India," by Cynthia Talbot "A Deed of Adoption and its Reliefs: A New Interpretation," by M. Krishna Kumari "The Reddi Kings and their Contributions to Andhradesa," by R. Subbarao "A Social History of the Deccan 1300-1761" and "Eight Indian Lives," by Richard E.Eaton.
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Music:
Jalandhar by Kevin MacLeod incompetech.com Promoted by MrSnooze youtu.be/8dIHA5VcM4k Creative Commons — CC BY 3.0 goo.gl/Yibru5Indian War Elephants: Tanks on the Ancient and Medieval BattlefieldOdd Compass2020-07-17 | Indian war elephants have long captured the popular imagination, in movies and video games alike. But few have tackled what it was "really like" to employ war elephants on the field of battle.
In India, the use of armored war elephants continued through the medieval era, and even into the early modern era. Was this a foolish strategic decision, or was there still a use for war elephants in a time where the battlefield was dominated by horse archers?
Enjoy!
Non-Exhaustive List of Sources:
"The Elephant in Ancient War" by Richard Glover "Elephants in Ancient Indian Armies" by B. P. Sinha "KANDULA: Elucidations on the Sinhala War Elephant" by Merlin Peris "Indian Elephant Corps Under the Ghaznavids" by S. Jabir Raza
#warelephants #indianhistory #elephants
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Music:
Jalandhar Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0How 1000 Portuguese Soldiers Toppled the Richest Empire in Southeast AsiaOdd Compass2020-06-05 | Malaysian history often centers around the Malacca Sultanate. The Malacca Sultanate was a diverse and prosperous merchant empire with extensive trade networks throughout the Indian Ocean, but in 1512CE its capital city was captured by a small Portuguese invasion force. The event sent the Malacca Sultanate into a tailspin from which it never recovered.
Despite how important the event is to Southeast Asian and Indian history, few know the details. In fact, the Fall of the Malacca Sultanate is a story that involves many fascinating people, from feuding Tamil and Gujarati merchant lords to an imprisoned Portuguese soldier who managed to ferry secret messages to his comrades.
I hope you enjoy this video!
Notable source used:
"An Examination of the Fall of Melaka in 1511" by RW McRoberts. "The Rise and Fall of the Great Melakan Empire" by Cheah Boon Kheng "Ming China's Support for Sultan Mahmud of Melaka and its Hostility Towards the Portuguese After the Fall of Melaka in 1511" by Cheah Boon Kheng "A Study in Growth: an Economic History of Melaka 1400-1510" by RW McRoberts
#portuguese #portugal #malacca
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Lotus by Kevin MacLeod Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5046-lotus License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0Malik Ambar: from Ethiopian Slave to a King in IndiaOdd Compass2020-04-19 | Malik Ambar's story is an incredible tale of success against all odds -- of a slave building a new life for himself in a foreign land, and of the Deccan region in India attempting to hold the expansionary Mughal Empire at bay. Mughal Emperors Akbar and Jahangir were obsessed with conquering the Deccan region of India, putting them at odds with Malik Ambar and other Habshis (East Africans in India, primarily slaves, ex-slaves, and free descendants). As de facto King of Ahmadnagar, Malik Ambar successfully navigated the Sultanate through a period of crisis and helped cultivate the might of the Marathas.
I hope this video inspires you to learn more about East Africans and their long and influential history in the Indian subcontinent (stretching back thousands of years!).
#malikambar #indianhistory #mughals
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Desert City by Kevin MacLeod Link: incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3639-desert-city License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0Indias Medieval Golden Age: Rise and Fall of the Vijayanagar EmpireOdd Compass2020-03-05 | The history of the Vijayanagar Empire -- and Hampi -- is diverse, complex, and rife with brutal opportunism. This in-depth look at Vijayanagar Empire history brings to light a dramatic narrative that has been ignored for far too long. Starting from the beginning, we'll go all the way through to Krishnadevaraya and Ramaraya, and that disastrous battle: Talikota.
Whether you’re visiting the UNESCO Heritage Site at Hampi, playing EU4, or just curious about this iconic empire, I hope you enjoy this exploration of the Rise and Fall of the Vijayanagar Empire. I have made efforts to offer a more nuanced overview than what can typically be found online.
#vijayanagara #hampi #indianhistoryHow the Brutal Delhi Sultanate Gave Birth to the Vijayanagara EmpireOdd Compass2020-01-04 | In the medieval era, the Delhi Sultanate repeatedly invaded South India, which led to widespread rebellion and the birth of the Vijayanagar Empire. The history of these invasions involve many fascinating events and leaders, like Alauddin Khilji, Malik Kafur, Muhammed bin Tughlaq, Prataparudra, and Harihara.
Today, the ruins at Warangal and Hampi (a UNESCO world heritage site) offer a glimpse into the grand history and drama surrounding the Vijayanagar Empire and its long-time rival, the Bahmani Sultanate. But most visitors have only a vague understanding of the Indo-Turkic Delhi Sultanate’s role in creating this new and prosperous political order -- one that would ultimately prove among the greatest in the subcontinent's long history.
Welcome to my animated history video about this interesting era. Enjoy!
#delhisultanate #vijayanagarempire #indianhistory
For further reading, I highly recommend "Rebel Sultans" by Manu S. Pillai. I would caution readers against John Keay's work, as -- despite the fact that it is well-researched -- he tends to ignore context when interpreting primary sources, such as inscriptions and court proclamations. In that way, Keay's scholarship is reminiscent of most British Raj historians studying Indian history in the 19th and 20th centuries.How a Traveling Indian Monk Changed Japanese History ForeverOdd Compass2019-11-05 | In the 8th century, a South Indian (Tamil) Buddhist monk named Bodhisena journeyed from Madurai to the Far East in an attempt to locate his spiritual mentor. He arrived in Imperial Nara, Japan and discovered a country on the brink of collapse: wracked by drought and a smallpox epidemic, facing an ongoing debt crisis, and struggling through political turmoil.
Enjoy!
Some commenters have requested additional reading and sources:
- "From Outcasts to Emperors: Shingon Ritsu and the Mañjuśrī Cult in Medieval Japan," by David Quinter (pg. 65+ for the transformation of Gyoki's public image as Manjusri) - "A Waka Anthology: Grasses of Remembrance" by Edwin A. Cranston (pg. 434 for the exchange between Gyoki and Bodhisena) - "Japan: Its Architecture, Art and Art Manufactures," by Christopher Dresser (includes discussions on Todaiji temple and its cost) - "Population, Disease, and Land in Early Japan, 645–900" by William Wayne Ferris (includes discussions on the smallpox epidemic and its impacts) - "Japanese Buddhism" by Charles Eliot - "Music from the Tang Court," by Laurence Picken (includes discussions about Hironari's return delegation from China with Bodhisena)
Minor semantic correction: Bodhisena introduced Kegon Buddhism to Japan.That Time an Indian Kingdom Invaded Southeast Asia | Rajendra Chola & the Chola EmpireOdd Compass2019-09-27 | Indian history is diverse and bursting with narrative color. This is the real-life story of the Tamils -- led by Rajendra Chola I -- who forged an impressive fleet of ships and successfully invaded the biggest, baddest empire in Southeast Asia, changing the face (and fate) of the region forever.
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In 1025CE, the Tamil Cholas -- an Empire hailing from the southern regions of the Indian subcontinent -- invaded the Srivijaya Empire in Southeast Asia. This can surprise casual observers. After all, an organized naval invasion of distant lands seems out-of-place when considered in the context of most other Indian powers throughout history. In truth, however, the invasion was a sensible extension of Chola policy, and can be explained by the economic and political realities that defined South India in the medieval era.
Enjoy this brief look at the Cholas and their overseas exploits!