Hikma HistoryP.S. I messed up with the editing of the Name Texts, so please don't crucify me for them 😅 Here are the time stamps for them for reference: 12:00 General Grabe 18:14 Shuaib Mulla of Tesentara 19:08 General Neidgardt 21:32 Baysungur of Benoy 23:37 General Voronstov 34:57 Ghazi Muhammad
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0:00 Intro 1:49 Shamil's early life 4:24 Early years as Imam (1834-1839) 9:05 Shamil's narrow escape at Akhoulgo (1839) 13:25 The Red Devil joins Shamil 17:21 The Imamate enjoys its greatest success (1841-1852) 32:53 Shamil Turns on The Red Devil 35:35 Crimean War becomes the Imamate's lifeline 37:45 End of Shamil's Struggle & Exile
How One Man Fought Russia And Became A Hero To Millions | Dagestan DocumentaryHikma History2023-02-08 | P.S. I messed up with the editing of the Name Texts, so please don't crucify me for them 😅 Here are the time stamps for them for reference: 12:00 General Grabe 18:14 Shuaib Mulla of Tesentara 19:08 General Neidgardt 21:32 Baysungur of Benoy 23:37 General Voronstov 34:57 Ghazi Muhammad
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0:00 Intro 1:49 Shamil's early life 4:24 Early years as Imam (1834-1839) 9:05 Shamil's narrow escape at Akhoulgo (1839) 13:25 The Red Devil joins Shamil 17:21 The Imamate enjoys its greatest success (1841-1852) 32:53 Shamil Turns on The Red Devil 35:35 Crimean War becomes the Imamate's lifeline 37:45 End of Shamil's Struggle & ExileHow The Ottomans Became So Powerful | History DocumentaryHikma History2024-01-17 | At the start of the 14th century, the political landscape of Anatolia was comprised of a mosaic of small principalities, referred to as beyliks. Out of all of these, the most unlikely candidate, the beylik of Osman, situated in the hinterlands of northwestern Anatolia, was the one that asserted its dominance above all the others. Within less than 100 yrs, it metamorphosed in a power whose reach spanned both Asia and Europe. So just how did the smallest beylik, situated on the frontier with the Byzantine Empire, go on to assert itself as the most dominant beylik in Anatolia and even conquer much of the Balkans?
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0:00 Intro 0:58 Ghaza Thesis 3:59 Weakness of Opponents 5:51 Ottoman Competence 10:33 Frontier 14:03 ConclusionHow America Came To Be Hated In The Middle East | History DocumentaryHikma History2023-12-23 | Stop data brokers from exposing your information. Go to my sponsor aura.com/hikmahistory to get a 14-day free trial and see if your personal information has been compromised.
Mohamed Mossadegh became PM of Iran in 1951, he had a plan on how he was going to help Iran achieve self-sufficiency and prosperity by nationalising Iran’s immensely profitable oil industry. But the Western interests he cut out were never going to just accept this. So the British and Americans set about to undermine Mossadegh and re-establish the old status quo in Operation Ajax. The subsequent blowback from the 1953 Coup made America deeply unpopular with wide segments of Iranian society; and consequently established a reputation of the USA to be untrustworthy, tyrannical and dangerous throughout various Middle Eastern societies as they saw their own nations fall prey to America’s aggressive foreign policy in the Cold War milieu.
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0:00 Intro 01:30 Imperialism, Oil & Nationalism 05:58 Iranian Domestic Politics 09:29 Mossadegh Becomes PM 13:35 America & Britain Start Planning Operation Ajax 18:39 ConsequencesHow Saddam Hussein Lost The Gulf WarHikma History2023-11-10 | The Middle East is one of the most important regions for U.S foreign policy - mainly due to the area's abundant supply of oil. The US has shown itself greedily willing to involve itself in the area if it can benefit their oil interests. The Gulf War is perhaps the best example of this. In 1990, Saddam Hussein’s Iraq invaded its small but oil-rich neighbor Kuwait - thereby becoming the benefactor of 1/5th of the world’s oil supply. This sent policymakers in Washington D.C. into a panic. What followed was the manifestation of America becoming the sole superpower in the world.
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0:00 Intro 1:22 Consequences of the Iran-Iraq War 6:15 Saddam captures the world's attention 8:19 An undisputed superpower emerges 10:22 Saddam's defiance 11:29 Operation Desert StormHow The Ayatollahs Came To Dominate Iran | Middle East DocumentaryHikma History2023-10-23 | Iran's historical grandeur failed to translate in the modern period, due to European imperialism and incompetent rule. Thus forcing different elements of society to make their discontent known. Amongst these, the Ulama were often the leading force. This was especially true in the Islamic revolution of 1979, as different ideologies and groups banded together to topple the Shah and institute a more just and fair system that was rooted somewhat in democratic ideals. After the Shah’s deposition in January 1979, many of the revolutionaries watched in horror as Ayatollah Khomeini stole their dreams by forcefully establishing a theocratic state.
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0:00 Intro 01:23 Iran's Revolutionary Past (1891-1953) 06:32 The Shah Sows the Seeds of his own Downfall (1953-1977) 16:42 How the Revolution Unfolded (1977-1979) 27:04 The Ayatollahs Hijack the Revolution (1979-1982)How The Ottomans Almost Stopped Their Decline | Ottoman HistoryHikma History2023-10-10 | The Ottomans were once one of the mightiest empires. But by the 19th century, imperial decay had set in and they became known as 'The Sick Man of Europe'. Under a series of Sultans, they initiated reforms that aimed to stop their decline.
Big thank you to @sultanskinny for his help with the script. Check out his channel for more informative content on the Middle East: youtube.com/@sultanskinny3094
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0:00 Intro 01:46 Muhammad Ali of Egypt sets modernising precedent 06:37 Ottoman Reformation 11:15 Reform's failure & reactionHow Saudi Arabia Became Powerful | Middle East DocumentaryHikma History2023-09-20 | Go to https://ground.news/hikma to see through media bias. Subscribe through my link for 30% off unlimited access before October 15.
Saudi Arabia is one of the richest countries in the world. Thanks to its vast reserves of oil as well as the policies pursued by its rulers, it is now the premier powerhouse of the Middle East. But how did it get to this position?
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0:00 Intro 01:23 First & Second Saudi States (1727-1891) 04:05 Ibn Saud establishes the Kingdom (1902-1953) 09:27 Saudi Arabia begins to flex its muscles (1953-1982) 13:21 National development & survival in a modern world (1982-2015) 17:09 Vision 2030 and beyond (2015-Present)How Ataturk Created Turkey | History DocumentaryHikma History2023-09-01 | Ataturk - the man whose very name invokes strong mixed opinions. Some view him as a hero who forged a nation, whilst others see him as a traitor who sold out his culture and religion. Born at a time when the Ottomans were desperately clinging on to their survival, he would go on to fight for the Sultan in numerous conflicts including WWI. But from 1918 onwards, as he saw his homeland being partitioned by multiple powers, he positioned himself as a revolutionary nationalist leader. Against all odds he led the Turkish National Movement to victory and forged Turkey, a new nation that was born from the ashes of the Ottoman Empire. During his presidency, he would give the Turkish republic a brand new identity; one that saw it pivot away from its Middle Eastern Islamic roots to one that embraced Modernisation and western ideals.
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0:00 Intro 1:16 Soldier of the Sultan (1881-1918) 11:18 Fight For Independence (1918-1923) 22:53 Mustafa Kemal Becomes Ataturk (1923-1938)When Uyghurs Ruled China | Uyghur Khaganate DocumentaryHikma History2023-08-13 | Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.com/hikmahistory. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch Ottomans VS Christians: The Battle For Europe about the epic rivalry between the Ottoman Empire and the various Christian Empires of Europe: magellantv.com/series/ottomans-vs-christians-the-battle-for-europe
The plight of the Uyghurs is well-known in today’s world. The Chinese government has systematically targeted the Turkic ethnic group, in an effort to erode its cultural and religious identity. The downtrodden position they find themselves in now is in stark contrast to distant past where the Uyghurs actually established a powerful empire; one that held sway over parts of China and intimidated various Chinese emperors to make concessions. The Uyghur Khaganate lasted for just a century but in that time they’d become major players in domestic Chinese affairs. They also established a dominant presence on the Silk Road trade route, benefitting hugely as intermediaries.
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0:00 Intro 2:37 Early Origins Under the Gokturks 5:28 Establishment & Expansion of the Khaganate (747-808) 12:18 The Decline was Quicker than the Rise (808-840)Khalid ibn Walids Most Daring Feat #shortsHikma History2023-07-30 | FREE NEWSLETTER: https://mailchi.mp/a69f93be6c66/hikma-history-newsletter
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!Irans Most Eccentric Ruler? #shortsHikma History2023-07-17 | FREE NEWSLETTER: https://mailchi.mp/a69f93be6c66/hikma-history-newsletter
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How Palestine Caused the Biggest Civil War in Modern Middle Eastern History | Lebanon DocumentaryHikma History2023-07-11 | Sign up for a 14-day free trial and enjoy all the amazing features MyHeritage has to offer. If you decide to continue your subscription, you’ll get a 50% discount. bit.ly/HikmaHistory
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0:00 Intro 1:15 Lebanon's Early History 3:12 Six Day War Changes Everything 5:18 Civil War Erupts 8:28 Was it the Palestinian's fault?How The Middle East Became So Chaotic | History DocumentaryHikma History2023-07-02 | Get a 20% off Blinkist monthly Premium by clicking here: blinkist.com/hikmahistory
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0:00 Intro 1:22 Palestine & Israel 13:15 Egypt 23:46 Syria 34:51 Lebanon 48:42 Iraq 1:06:14 Jordan 1:21:48 Saudi Arabia 1:27:43 Iran 1:34:27 TurkeyThe Indian Who (Almost) Stopped The British | Tipu Sultan DocumentaryHikma History2023-06-14 | Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.com/hikmahistory. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch Promises And Betrayals about the Arab-Israeli Conflict: magellantv.com/watch/promises-and-betrayals?type=v
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0:00 Intro 3:12 Life under father Hyder Ali 7:07 Kingship & rivalry with the BritishHow Dagestan & Chechnya Were Conquered By Russia | Caucasus DocumentaryHikma History2023-05-28 | Go to https://sponsr.is/cs_hikmahistory and use code HIKMA to save 25% off today. Thanks to Curiosity Stream for sponsoring today’s video.
By the early 19th century, Russian Czars started to make a concerted effort to bring the isolate yet important region of the Caucasus under their control. They'd soon encounter various mountainous peoples of the region who were always difficult foe to subdue. A resistance movement soon developed, united under the banner of Islam, calling themselves Murids. Under a series of leaders, most famously Imam Shamil, the Murids would make Dagestan and Chechnya a graveyard for tens of thousands of Russian soldiers, as they stubbornly clung on to the hope remaining independent against an aggressive foreign outside power. In a classic tale of David vs Goliath, for over 30 years the Murids would outmaneuver the juggernaut Russian army numerous times before finally succumbing to the sad fate of defeat.
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0:00 Intro 1:49 Caucasus Context 7:19 The Caucasian Imamate is Announced 18:52 The Imamate's Fight for Survival 22:01 Shamil Enters the Fight 33:37 The Imamate's Golden Days 52:42 Downfall of Shamil & the ImamateHow Ataturk Made Turkey Secular | History DocumentaryHikma History2023-05-15 | Get an exclusive Surfshark deal! Enter promo code HIKMA for an extra 3 months free at https://surfshark.deals/hikma
Ataturk changed Turkey in unimaginable ways. Upon gaining independence after WWI, he set about to vigorously modernise his country. Customs and traditions that had endured for centuries were gotten rid of so that Turkey could modernise in a similar way that European countries had. The most prominent reforms of Ataturk concerned the nation's relationship with Islam. A staunch advocate of secularism, Ataturk sought to relegate the role of religion to the private sphere.
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0:00 Intro 1:32 Republicanism 4:57 Populism 6:26 Laicism 9:44 Nationalism 13:14 Reformism 15:26 StatismHow Lebanon & Syria Descended Into Civil War Between Muslims & Christians | Lebanon DocumentaryHikma History2023-05-05 | The first 100 people to use code HIKMA at the link below will get 60% off of Incogni: incogni.com/hikma
The Levant is a mixing pot for religious and cultural diversity which has given the world incredible displays of civilization. Unfortunately the mismanagement of this diversity has at times given way to outbursts of conflict. This is particularly the case in the modern period. As European imperial forces started to interfere with the affairs of a declining Ottoman Empire that was proving incapable of solving its own internal issues, sectarian and ethnic tensions spilled over in episodes of extreme violence. A prominent early example took place in the summer of 1860 when Ottoman Syria was beset by a civil conflict between its Christian, Muslim and Druze inhabitants. Having lived together in relative peace for centuries, the different groups drew arms in clashes that saw tens of thousands of people get killed. The repercussions of the feud would go on to influence the Levant for decades to come. In the case of Lebanon specifically, it is not an exaggeration to say that it determined its future to the present day.
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0:00 Intro 1:39 Ottoman Syria Backstory 10:08 Mount Lebanon Civil War 11:34 Damascus Massacre 14:19 AftermathHow Jordan Became So Stable | Middle East HistoryHikma History2023-03-02 | Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more: https://www.masterworks.art/hikmahistory
Jordan's recent history has been turbulent. Upon gaining its independence in the aftermath of WWII, Jordan was confronted by the prospect of a belligerent new neighbour in the shape of Israel. The Arab-Israeli conflict not only led to multiple wars, but it also led to hundreds of thousands of Palestinians becoming Jordanians, thereby forcing Jordan to re-evaluate what it meant to be a Jordanian. At the same time as it was figuring out who it was as a nation, the Hashemite monarchy had to guide the country through the tumultuous 1950s and 1960s which saw the Middle East get swept by the Pan-Arab socialist ideas of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Thanks in no small part to the diligence of its long-time ruler King Hussein, Jordan was able to carve a path out of chaos into stability.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!When The Soviets Invaded Afghanistan | History DocumentaryHikma History2023-01-09 | What Caused The Afghan-Soviet War?: youtube.com/watch?v=dAmEp89rB7M&t=2s
The Soviet-Afghan War of the 1980s had huge consequences for the development of international geopolitics for the next two decades. The subsequent resilience and tenacity shown by the Afghan Mujahideen guerrilla forces stunned not only the Soviets but much of the world. They were duly rewarded for their perseverance with an abundance of material and moral support from a number of pivotal allies. The nine or so years of warfare has been argued by many to have had a significant bearing on the outcome of the Cold War. Not to mention the fact that it would go on to play a huge role in determining Afghanistan’s fate until today.
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0:00 Intro 1:18 Invasion & Early Years 8:52 Foreign Assistance to the Mujahideen 15:45 Mujahideen Leadership 19:34 Conclusion & AftermathWhen Europeans Were Slaves | History Of The Barbary Slave TradeHikma History2022-12-27 | Check out Nominal’s Boxing Day Sale and use the code BUY 1 GET 1 FREE: nominalx.com/hikmahistory
The Barbary Slave Trade thrived off piracy in the Mediterranean. Pirates operated off the coast of North Africa preyed on European coastal settlements and ships; enslaving Europeans who were subsequently brought back to port cities in Morocco and Algeria among other places. Historians have speculated that from the 16th to the early 19th century, as much as 1 million Christian Europeans were enslaved by the Barbary pirates.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How Saddam Hussein Came To Dominate IraqHikma History2022-12-16 | Iraq in the 20th century encapsulates the history of much of the Middle East. Imperialism, oil, nationalism, political turmoil, modernisation, and even dictatorship. This issue was exacerbated by Saddam Hussein as he set up a tyrannical regime which served himself above his own citizens. This was very different from the role he played in the 1970s as Vice President, where under his stewardship Iraqi society made major advancements, both socially and materially. But from the 1980s onwards, the authoritarian nature of his rule poisoned much of the previous progress. Whilst Saddam’s regime was exceptional in its brutality and oppression, it was nonetheless a continuation of political turmoil that the country experienced ever since the 1920s.
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0:00 Intro 1:26 Hashemite Monarchy Period 6:29 Republican Period 10:05 Ba'athists & Saddam PeriodAfghanistan Before The Wars (1933-1973) #shortsHikma History2022-12-06 | The recent history of Afghanistan has been filled with war and conflict. As a result, many Afghans look to the reign of the last King, Zahir Shah with a sense of nostalgia for a time and place that was once peaceful and stable. From his accession to power in 1933 until his deposition in 1973, the country went through a range of social, economic and political changes. King Zahir Shah’s reign saw Afghanistan embrace modernisation, in a bid to meet the challenges of surviving in a modern world. The modernising drive of the royal family certainly succeeded in improving the Afghan economy and enhancing the state’s capacity; but its policies and initiatives also unleashed a wave of effects which would ultimately play a part in the monarchy’s downfall.
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Epidemic Sounds
If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How Did Qatar Get So Rich? | History DocumentaryHikma History2022-11-26 | Qatar has gone from being a poor country with a primitive economy to one of the richest in the world. It is no secret that much of their fortune has been the result of the large amount of Oil reserves that it boasts. The Black Gold liquid has provided the Qatari royal family an opportunity to modernise its realm, as well as exerting their influence on a global level. The immense amounts of money brought in by oil and gas has subsequently been used by the ruling Al-Thani family to establish more economically sustainable strategies that will serve Qatar in remaining a hub for commercial interest in the years to come.
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15 years after the Murid’s rose up in the Caucasus, Russia was still unable assert their rule in the region. Under their enigmatic leader, Imam Shamil, the Murids continued to harass the Tsar’s forces with their guerrilla warfare tactics. Despite repeated Russian victories, Imam Shamil was not discouraged. For him and his followers, this was a war to the death, where surrender was not an option. This perseverance would pay off; having bolstered his forces throughout the first half of the 1840s, Imam Shamil was besieged in his Chechen stronghold of Dargo by a Russian force in 1845. What ensued was the biggest victory for the Murids of the entire war and served to highlight the military genius of Shamil.
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I have to thank @StoicHistorian for his help with the research and script!
15 years after the Murid’s rose up in the Caucasus, Russia was still unable assert their rule in the region. Under their enigmatic leader, Imam Shamil, the Murids continued to harass the Tsar’s forces with their guerrilla warfare tactics. Despite repeated Russian victories, Imam Shamil was not discouraged. For him and his followers, this was a war to the death, where surrender was not an option. This perseverance would pay off; having bolstered his forces throughout the first half of the 1840s, Imam Shamil was besieged in his Chechen stronghold of Dargo by a Russian force in 1845. What ensued was the biggest victory for the Murids of the entire war and served to highlight the military genius of Shamil.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!When Vikings Traded With Muslims #shortsHikma History2022-11-07 | FULL VIDEO: youtube.com/watch?v=7FfBGLTP6Hw&t=190s
The Vikings' pursuit for greater riches saw them interact with various peoples, including Muslims from the Abbasid Caliphate. Archaeologists in Scandinavia have found thousands of Dirham coins from the Islamic world. This is because the Vikings from Sweden eventually moved south-east and settled in modern-day Ukraine & Russia, setting up the Kievan Rus state in the process. Subsequently, the Rus would’ve carried out their trade with the Muslims mainly through intermediaries such as the Khazar Khaganate and the Volga Bulgars. There were notable examples where direct contact between the two sides occurred and we even have detailed accounts of these: with the 10th century travellers Ibn Fadlan and Ibn Rustah being the most famous. It’s actually from ibn Fadlan‘s account that we get an eyewitness description of the infamous Viking ship burial.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How Dagestan & Chechnya Resisted Russia | Caucasus HistoryHikma History2022-10-31 | Stoic History video on Agha Mohamma Qajar: youtube.com/watch?v=PpK0vTLrccg
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0:00 Intro 1:42 Region's Historical Context 7:13 Imam Ghazi Declares War Against The Tsar (1828-32) 18:45 The Imamate Finds & Loses A New Leader (1832-34)How Nasser Defeated Israel, Britain & FranceHikma History2022-10-26 | Despite the Suez Canal being located in Egypt, it was owned and controlled by the British and the French for the first 9 decades of its existence. Shortly after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, the charismatic Gamal Abdel Nasser rose to the forefront to lead Egypt. In 1956, Nasser would make the most important decision of his career when he nationalised the foreign-owned Suez Canal; his power and the legacy he would subsequently carve out for himself all hung in the balance as the British and French colluded with Israel to bring him down.
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0:00 Intro 1:14 Context 3:14 Nationalization & AftermathWhen The British Defeated The Afghans (1878-1880) #shortsHikma History2022-10-16 | FREE NEWSLETTER: https://mailchi.mp/a69f93be6c66/hikma-history-newsletter
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The Republic established by Ataturk was an ambitious project. In the aftermath of the great leader’s death in 1938, a tricky road lay ahead for Turkey. It had to manage its transition to a multi-party political system. At the same, it had to deal with the fact that the Army viewed itself as the purveyor’s of Ataturk’s vision and thereby would get involved in politics if they saw fit. On top of all this, Turkey had to grapple with social instability caused by socio-political violence between left-wing and right-wing groups.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them.Why WWI Was So Important For The Middle East #shortsHikma History2022-09-28 | FREE NEWSLETTER: https://mailchi.mp/a69f93be6c66/hikma-history-newsletter
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In the 11th century, the Muslim Taifa states were often engaged in fighting each other whilst being vulnerable to the increasingly ambitious Christian Kingdoms of the north. This opened the door for two successive groups of Muslim Berbers who emerged from the fringes of the Sahara Desert and were able to assert their authority over al-Andalus from the end of the 11th century until the beginning of the 13th century. Both the Almoravids and Almohads would play key roles in the story of Muslim Iberia; with both emerging at important junctures when the Christian Reconquista was gaining significant momentum. These two energetic and ferocious Berber groups proved to be worthy foes of the Christian Kingdoms, putting a stop to the momentum of the Reconquista, even if it was just temporarily.
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In the summer of 844 AD, the inhabitants of Seville woke up to a group of Vikings camped outside its city. Seville, like most of the Iberian Peninsula, was in the hands of the Emirate of Cordoba. So what happened when the Vikings went toe-to-toe with the Muslim rulers of al-Andalus?
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!The Man Who Founded The Ottoman Empire | Osman I DocumentaryHikma History2022-09-17 | RISE OF THE OTTOMANS DOCUMENTARY: youtube.com/watch?v=EQckIfacDAI&t=1488s
It is hard to learn about Islamic history without knowing about the Ottomans. Their imperial ambitions saw them form an empire which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Persian Gulf. But their origins were modest and unsteady. What wasn’t humble was the vision of the first Ottoman ruler, Osman. Despite only having a small sized band of warriors around him, it is said he had a dream that his descendants would go on to create a mighty empire that ruled an immense realm. So he set about to establish a strong base for his successors to go on and achieve his dream.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!Dracula Was a Real Person?! #shortsHikma History2022-09-13 | Vlad the Impaler was a 15th century Wallachian ruler in modern-day Romania who served as the inspiration behind Dracula, the blood-sucking vampire. As a young child, Vlad and his brother were sent to the Ottoman court as hostages. In 1456 he was allowed to return home where he became ruler. Soon after, he had a falling out with his Ottoman overlord, Mehmed Fatih. In 1462, Vlad concocted a daring plan to raid the enemy camp and take out Mehmed himself! Ottoman fears were soon amplified when the Ottomans discovered almost 20,000 of their comrades impaled in a 2 mile long forest of bodies and sticks.
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!Why Did The Shia Fatimid Caliphate Collapse?Hikma History2022-09-10 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
At the height of their imperial glory at the turn of the 11th century, the Shi'a Fatimid Caliphate was one of the most powerful states in the world. But within a few decades it entered a sharp decline that continued for over a century. At certain points it seemed to be on the verge of collapse. While it continued to trudge along for decades in a weakened state, this begs the question - how did the Fatimids whose realm once stretched from the Atlantic to the Levant enter such a rapid decline?
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0:00 Intro 0:52 Imperial Court Issues 3:08 Divisions within the Army 5:25 Ecological problems 6:53 Viziers of the Sword50K Subscribers Q&AHikma History2022-09-08 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
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0:00 Intro 0:43 Is personal autonomy a right? 4:14 What historical event would I intervene in? 6:22 Is there anything too serious to joke about? 12:27 What makes life worth living for you? 14:55 What do you think of Amanullah Khan's reforms? 21:43 Would Britain be better Islamic? 23:51 What profession would Ghengis Khan have today? 28:05 Does the Islamic world need a Caliph? 30:36 What if the Ottoman Empire still existed? 32:50 What are your hobbies besides History? 34:02 Favourite movie? 35:15 What's your perfect sandwich? 37:48 What's the future of Afghan-Pakistani relations? 39:37 Which Muslim country's culture do you like? 41:45 What's next for Hikma History? 43:25 Would the Ottomans have been better off if Sultan Suleiman's son Mustafa succeeded him? 47:59 If God revealed himself, would people believe him? 49:13 Would the Crusades have been different if Christians were the majority in the Middle East? 53:02 What would break your spirit?How Afghanistan Became War-Torn | Afghan HistoryHikma History2022-09-05 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
Afghanistan is known for war. But there was a time when that wasn’t the case. The first 8 decades of the 20th century saw it being a relatively peaceful state that was making steady progress towards modernising. Under the watchful eye of its monarchy, Afghanistan was developing its infrastructure and working towards becoming an active member of the international community. The political modernisation of the country gained significant momentum during the long reign of King Zahir Shah from the 1930s to the 1970s. In its desire to bring the country up to speed with the 20th century, the royal family’s modernisation efforts had a number of unintended consequences that would see Afghanistan become embroiled in Cold War politics and subsequently thrown into violent chaos. The Soviet invasion in the 1980s undid much of the progress that had been made up until that point and left the country destroyed and war-torn.
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0:00 Intro 1:48 Early 20th Century Afghan History 4:35 Early Musahibans & WWII 13:03 Post-WWII Political Modernisation & Pashtunistan 19:43 Daud's Decade and Aggressive Modernisation 24:28 Constitutional Decade 29:43 Daud's Coup & Presidency 33:25 Afghan Communists Takeover & Soviet Decision to Invade 40:29 Early Stage of Soviet Invasion 48:05 Mujahideen Get Foreign Assistance 55:00 Who Were The Mujahideen? 58:47 Soviets Defeated & AftermathWhen Egypt Led The Arab World | Egypt DocumentaryHikma History2022-08-30 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
Egypt has always been pivotal to regional developments. From the Ancient Egyptians, to the Romans to the Ottomans - all valued it. Throughout the 20th century, the revolutionary sentiment was channeled to oppose imperialism and assert Egyptian sovereignty. The pinnacle of this assertiveness was reached under the enigmatic Gamal Abdel Nasser, whose presidency in the 1950s and 1960s saw Egypt become a leader of the non-aligned bloc, those countries that were not allied to the USA or the USSR. Throughout the Arab world, Egypt became the standard to which all the other countries aspired to be. Its movies, songs and radio stations were broadcasted all across the Middle East and North Africa; whilst Nasser’s Arab socialist ideology was exported and threatened to undermine any Arab government that defied it.
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0:00 Intro 1:30 Under The Monarchy 2:45 The Golden Age Under Nasser 8:10 From Leader to Outcast Under SadatWhy Did The Ottomans Rise To Power? #shortsHikma History2022-08-29 | At the start of the 14th century, the political landscape of Anatolia was comprised of a mosaic of small principalities, referred to as beyliks. Out of all of these, the most unlikely candidate, the beylik of Osman, situated in the hinterlands of northwestern Anatolia, was the one that asserted its dominance above all the others. Within less than 100 yrs, it metamorphosed in a power whose reach spanned both Asia and Europe. So just how did the smallest beylik, situated on the frontier with the Byzantine Empire, go on to assert itself as the most dominant beylik in Anatolia and even conquer much of the Balkans?
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!Why Kurdistan Is Not A Country #shortsHikma History2022-08-26 | The Kurds are one of the world’s largest ethnic groups without a nation-state. Instead they are spread across four Middle Eastern countries, being a significant minority in each one. This has left them vulnerable to the centralising efforts of each government. Subsequently, Kurds across the region have complained about a lack of ability to express their cultural rights and autonomy. Not to mention, there have been several episodes of harsh repression against them. As a result, Kurdish resistance movements have cropped up throughout the last century; aiming to defend themselves and their cultural identity. The aims of these resistance movements have vacillated from outright independence to gaining greater autonomy.
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Epidemic Sound
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Perhaps no other issue has shaped post-WWII Middle East like the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has. The establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 and the subsequent expulsion of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians has caused an enmity that is still visible to the present day. The issue has been so central that all the prominent strains of ideological thought which dominated the region in the second half of the 20th century have addressed it, whether it was Nationalism, pan-Arabism or Islamism. The conflict has led to numerous major wars and has repeatedly needed the world’s superpowers to step in and mediate. Through various twists and turns, Palestine and Israel have gone on to experience very different fates - with the dreams and aspirations of one moving further away from reality, whilst the other is moving towards its manifestation.
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0:00 Intro 1:18 Independence & 'Catastrophe' 4:45 Palestinian Resistance 7:44 Status Quo Reached?How Britain Divided India | Indian Partition DocumentaryHikma History2022-08-15 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
When the British decided to pull out of India after WWII, the post-independent era would begin with one of the most devastating episodes of modern history. Two new nations emerged, India and Pakistan, drawn along religious lines; but the triumph of independence was overshadowed by the trauma of the partition. As Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs were forced to leave their homes in order to not be on the wrong side of the border, chaos ensued. 15 million people displaced and around a million people died. Such a catastrophe begs the question - how did something so shocking happen in the first place where people took up arms against their own neighbours that they had lived with for centuries?
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0:00 Intro 1:20 The Birth of the Independence Movement 5:35 Interwar Escalation of Tension 10:50 Muslim League Rises in Prominence 12:19 Inevitability of Independence 15:21 Partition ConfirmedWho Are The Uyghurs? #shortsHikma History2022-08-11 | My Food channel: youtube.com/channel/UCXamxCItAKMVSo6MRar2gjw
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If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How Lebanon Descended Into Civil War | Lebanon DocumentaryHikma History2022-08-04 | Street Food Channel: youtube.com/c/StreetFoodBites
Lebanon’s history in the second half of the 20th century is particularly tragic. It went from being a prosperous tourist hotspot to a war-torn country that was destroyed by sectarian tensions amongst its many peoples. The capital Beirut was referred to as the ‘Paris of the Middle East’ in the 1960s but by the 1980s, it was torn in half by bloody fighting between Muslim and Christian factions who sought to further their own agendas. It can be argued that the Civil War of the 1970s and 80s came about largely because Lebanon’s rich heritage of religious diversity was poorly managed by a government system that failed to create a sustainable political infrastructure for the Lebanese people.
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0:00 Intro 1:10 Religious and Political Context 4:10 Period Between Independence and Civil War 7:17 The Civil WarThe Most Powerful Woman Ever? #shortsHikma History2022-08-02 | Hurrem Sultan, the wife of Suleiman the Magnificent, rose from humble origins as a non-Muslim slave to became one of the Sultan’s closest advisors and wielded a tremendous amount influence in the Ottoman administration.
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Epidemic Sounds
If any of the images or songs are yours, please let me know I will amend them. Please don't report me straight away!How The Al-Assad Family Came To Dominate Syria | Syria DocumentaryHikma History2022-07-28 | PLAY Fire & Maneuver for FREE: store.steampowered.com/app/1679290/Fire__Maneuver
In the euphoric aftermath of gaining independence, most Arab countries experienced extreme political turbulence. Many states struggled to navigate a period that was defined by dynamic ideological pursuits; the most prominent of which was Arab nationalism. Syria, a key centre of pan-Arab ideas, embodied the political instability of the period; having to contend with a new belligerent neighbour in the shape of Israel and the rise of an increasingly assertive Ba’athist Party. The country went through countless changes in government until power was centralised in the hands of the military strongman Hafez al-Assad in 1970. Ever since then, the country has been ruled by his family.
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0:00 Intro 1:07 Sponsor 2:08 Post-WWII Syria 5:21 Merger with Egypt 7:02 Rise of Ba'athists 9:29 Hafez al-AssadWhy Does Lebanon Speak French? #shortsHikma History2022-07-21 | FREE NEWSLETTER: https://mailchi.mp/a69f93be6c66/hikma-history-newsletter
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Doug Maxwell - Arabian Nightfall (Sting): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bRzD...
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0:00 Intro 1:03 Construction's Context 3:12 Architectural Detail 5:18 Does it Explain Ottoman Decline? 8:28 OutroMuslim Explorer Visits The Mongols | Ibn Battutas TravelsHikma History2022-07-17 | In the pre-modern era, few have trekked as extensively as the 14th century explorer ibn Battuta. The adventurous Moroccan set out on a 3 decade long expedition that saw him make his way across the span of Asia, various parts of sub-Saharan Africa and throughout the Mediterranean. In this video we will re-visit his account of travelling to the Mongol Golden Horde in the Crimea to meet the powerful Ozbeg Khan.
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