Chemical & Engineering News
Sunscreen SPF Explained - Speaking of Chemistry Ep.5
updated
Komor, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/gene-editing/Alexis-Komor/100/i25
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Wang, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/biochemistry/Weixue-Wang/100/i25
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Romney, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/David-Romney/100/i25
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Koh, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/synthesis/catalysis/Ming-Joo-Koh/100/i25
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Nguyen, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/electronic-materials/Bichlien-Nguyen/100/i25
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Adeleye, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/nanomaterials/Adeyemi-Adeleye/100/i25
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Gomes, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/physical-chemistry/computational-chemistry/Gabe-Gomes/100/i25
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Dommer, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/physical-chemistry/computational-chemistry/Abigail-Dommer/100/i25
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Velian, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/inorganic-chemistry/Alexandra-Velian/100/i25
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Tran, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/polymers/Helen-Tran/100/i25
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El-Kady, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/energy-storage/Maher-El-Kady/100/i25
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Levey, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2022 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 19-21, 2022.
Read more: cen.acs.org/environment/climate-change/Cate-Levey/100/i25
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Ivey, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/environment/pollution/Cesunica-Ivey/99/i30
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Lim, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/synthesis/catalysis/Chern-Hooi-Lim/99/i30
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Ringe, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/nanomaterials/Emilie-Ringe/99/i30
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Vinogradova, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/Katya-Vinogradova/99/i30
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Velázquez, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/environment/Jesus-Velazquez/99/i30
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Alsbaiee, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/Alaaeddin-Alsbaiee/99/i30
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Baran, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/electronic-materials/Derya-Baran/99/i30
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Renata, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/synthesis/biocatalysis/Hans-Renata/99/i30
Thanks to Janali Thompson of ACS Productions for editing this video.
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Fier, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/synthesis/process-chemistry/Patrick-Fier/99/i30
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Solis-Ibarra, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/energy-storage/Diego-Solis-Ibarra/99/i30
Thanks to Janali Thompson of ACS Productions for editing this video.
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Zhang, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/drug-discovery/Ziyang-Zhang/99/i30
Thanks to Janali Thompson of ACS Productions for editing this video.
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Alabi, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2021 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Talented 12 symposium on Sept. 27-28, 2021.
Read more: cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/Shanique-Borteley-Alabi/99/i30
Thanks to Janali Thompson of ACS Productions for editing this video.
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Barnett, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/environment/sustainability/Kevin-Barnett/98/i31
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Queen, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/metal-organic-frameworks/Wendy-Lee-Queen/98/i31
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Kamariza, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/Mireille-Kamariza/98/i31
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Ray, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/environment/water/Jessica-Ray/98/i31
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McCall, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/infectious-disease/Laura-Isobel-McCall/98/i31
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Wojtecki, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/physical-chemistry/surface-chemistry/Rudy-Wojtecki/98/i31
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Gilliard, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/materials/inorganic-chemistry/Robert-J-Gilliard-Jr/98/i31
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McGuire, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/physical-chemistry/astrochemistry/Brett-McGuire/98/i31
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McGregor, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/drug-discovery/Lynn-McGregor/98/i31
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Li, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/oncology/Lingyin-Li/98/i31
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Gutierrez, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/physical-chemistry/computational-chemistry/Osvaldo-Gutierrez/98/i31
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Cornella, one of Chemical & Engineering News’ 2020 Talented 12, spoke at C&EN’s Futures Festival on Aug. 25, 2020.
Read more: cen.acs.org/synthesis/Josep-Cornella/98/i31
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Virtual-reality tools let chemists explore proteins and molecules, build and test potential drugs, and collaborate with colleagues remotely. In this video, C&EN reporter Sam Lemonick tries out a VR app that incorporates visualizations of molecules with advanced computational tools—offering a new way for chemists to develop drugs and address other problems—and learns how VR could help scientists use robotic lab equipment. Researchers who are using VR to study SARS-CoV-2 say the tools are giving them new insights about the virus and vaccines. But one scientist cautions the cost of VR equipment could limit its potential to address global problems.
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Leather is a maker’s dream material. It cuts well; it holds a stitch; it can be dyed, stamped, or tooled; it’s warm but breathable, strong but flexible. But it has a heavy environmental footprint. Modern tanning uses chromium salts to cross-link collagen fibers, creating large quantities of wastewater. And, of course, the hides mostly come from the meat and dairy industry, which many people consider environmentally unsustainable.
So entrepreneurs are working to bring leather alternatives to market, made from plants, mushrooms, and more. These aren’t the synthetic pleathers found in cheap shoes and purses. Leatherlike textiles made from nonanimal sources, sometimes called vegan leathers, are positioned as premium products for high-end goods. C&EN reporter Craig Bettenhausen gathered several samples of materials making their way into consumer products.
Read more:
Sustainable materials make a play for the vegan leather market | C&EN
cen.acs.org/materials/biomaterials/Sustainable-materials-make-play-vegan/99/i8
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Micromotors could someday zip through wastewater picking up pollutants or race through the bloodstream delivering drugs. Researchers have developed a number of strategies, such as chemical fuels and magnetic fields, to propel these tiny devices. Now, researchers have found a way to make helical magnetic-responsive micromotors out of graphene. The carbon material is attractive for micromotors because it’s easily functionalized and possesses a high surface area. Yet adapting current methods for making helical micromotors to graphene has been challenging. To that end, the team developed a cheap, simple method to pump out the coil-shaped motors. The team investigates the motors’ ability to navigate microchannels and also kill bacteria when armed with antibacterial silver. This work combines the advantages of graphene and magnetically-powered micromotors, which are more suitable for practical applications such as environmental remediation and biosensing than chemically-powered motors, says Wei Gao, a microrobotics expert at the California Institute of Technology.
Note: Comments have been disabled on this video due to the spreading of scientific misinformation. For information on COVID-19 vaccines and other news about the COVID-19 pandemic, visit cenm.ag/coronavirus.
References:
Graphene-Based Helical Micromotors Constructed by “Microscale Liquid Rope-Coil Effect” with Microfluidics | ACS Nano
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.0c07067
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Plasmodium vivax is the most common parasite to cause malaria in Asia and South America. It preferentially infects an immature red blood cell that accounts for only 1–2% of circulating blood. The limited supply of these cells—called reticulocytes—has made it difficult to study P. vivax in the lab. Now, researchers at the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology report two microfluidic methods for purifying lab-grown reticulocytes, one of which calls to mind the game Plinko from game show The Price is Right. The team demonstrates that the cheap, microfluidic chip-based methods offer comparable purity and faster processing times compared with standard sorting methods. These purification methods could also help advance the field’s long-standing goal of manufacturing red blood cells for transfusions.
Read more:
Microfluidic label-free bioprocessing of human reticulocytes from erythroid culture | Lab on a Chip
pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/lc/c9lc01128e#!divAbstract
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Special thanks to Ariana Remmel, who provided production assistance for this video.
CORRECTION, Oct. 14, 2020: The footage at 1:57 actually shows a species of squid, not cuttlefish. Thanks to squid biologist Sarah McAnulty for confirming the identity of these creatures!
Read more:
CRISPR genome editing gets 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry | C&EN
cen.acs.org/people/nobel-prize/CRISPR-genome-editing-gets-2020-Nobel-Prize-in-Chemistry/98/web/2020/10
A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity
| Science
doi.org/10.1126/science.1225829
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Chemists can automate sequences of chemical reactions using flow reactors, but these systems often need sophisticated engineering to set up and control. Now, researchers have designed a system that can run multistep reactions and separate out products without complicated fluidics and mixers.
Read more:
Pirouetting reactor can run and purify multistep reactions | C&EN
cen.acs.org/synthesis/reagents/Pirouetting-reactor-run-purify-multistep/98/i38
Concentric liquid reactors for chemical synthesis and separation | Nature
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2768-9
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Scientists have long believed that viscous bubbles collapse due to gravity. Now, a new study from researchers at Boston University, Princeton University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology turns this accepted mechanism, as well as bubbles, upside down. By flipping bubbles and watching them with high-speed cameras, the team demonstrates that how bubbles pop depends on surface tension, not gravity. This improved understanding could help scientists better control bubble formation, which could be useful in a number of applications, including spray painting and making ice cream.
Read more:
A New Wrinkle on Liquid Sheets: Turning the Mechanism of Viscous Bubble Collapse Upside Down | Science
science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6504/685.full
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Scientists have a plethora of choices when it comes to protective eyewear. But which lab specs actually keep your eyes safe from splashes in the lab? In this episode of Speaking of Chemistry, C&EN tests a few of the options that chemists have at their disposal. Plus, if you have ideas for other lab products you’d like to see us compare, let us know in the comments! We might feature them in a future video.
Note: This video was filmed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read more:
C&EN’s favorite chemical splash goggles to wear in the lab | C&EN
cen.acs.org/safety/lab-safety/CENs-favorite-chemical-splash-goggles/98/i33
Some safety eyewear fails to protect against ultrafast lasers | C&EN
cen.acs.org/safety/lab-safety/safety-eyewear-fails-protect-against/96/i13
Contact Lens Use in a Chemical Environment | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-139/#f
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Music:
“Rhythm Changes” by John Deley and the 41 Players
“A Free Night in Bushwick” by William Rosati
“Far Away” by MK2
Using computer simulations, researchers found that if CO molecules meet carbon-to-carbon with a collision velocity of about 800 m/s, the two molecules will rotate in place, propelled by the oxygen atoms’ interaction as the molecules turn their “backs” to each other, before each continues on its original trajectory. The motion looks quite similar to a square-dancing step called a do-si- do, in which square dancers circle each other back to back. The effect is to turn the molecules’ forward momentum into rotational energy. The researchers say the behavior happens only in about 1 of 20 collisions, but existing models don’t account for it. In interstellar space, CO molecules are likely to emit that rotational energy as light, which is captured by the telescopes that produce images of dust clouds and nebulae. These collisions may be more common near comets and some exoplanets, which have very high CO concentrations. The researchers are now looking for other molecular dance moves.
Read more:
Molecular square dancing in CO-CO collisions | Science
science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6501/307.abstract
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Moving gas bubbles underwater on a surface could help scientists and engineers in the lab and in industry. But it’s not an easy task. Previous methods have relied on slippery silicone oil–coated surfaces, but bubbles move slowly on these surfaces and only in one direction. Now, a team of researchers have developed a ferrofluid-based surface that lets them move bubbles quickly and in any direction with the help of a magnet. Using this so-called FLAM surface, researchers could drag bubbles down tilted surfaces and even tow objects more than 500 times their own mass. The authors envision their method being useful for applications such as electrochemical reactions and wastewater treatment.
High Performance Bubble Manipulation on Ferrofluid-Infused Laser-Ablated Microstructured Surfaces | Nano Letters
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02091
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Sampling diseased tissue, which can contain many different types of cells, calls for precise biomedical tools. Current methods for manipulating single cells, like laser microdissection, require complicated setups and can damage cells. Now, researchers have developed devices that could offer a simpler and less harmful way to isolate single cells. Remotely guided by a magnetic field, these so-called microgrippers can wrest single cells from a tissue sample and carry them on demand. Though the tiny grippers require more optimization and testing, the researchers hope one day to use them to perform single cell biopsies inside a human body.
Read more:
Untethered Single Cell Grippers for Active Biopsy | Nano Letters
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01729
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With the help of a magnetic field, these two-faced particles might one day navigate our circulatory system to deliver treatments to tumors. The microrollers are coated on one side with magnetic materials and on the other with antibodies specific to cancer cells. These antibodies would help the particles selectively bind to tumors in the body, where they could release their payload. This targeted approach could minimize exposure of healthy cells to cancer drugs, reducing side effects.
Multifunctional surface microrollers for targeted cargo delivery in physiological blood flow | Science Robotics
robotics.sciencemag.org/content/5/42/eaba5726.full
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The words “sponges” and “cleanup” might evoke dirty dishes and kitchen duty. But to a team of materials scientists, they are the inspiration for a way to remediate aquatic oil spills. Researchers at Northwestern University have developed an inexpensive way to convert ordinary sponges to ones that selectively soak up oil from water. The oil can be recovered simply by squeezing the sponges.
Oil leaking from tankers and pipelines harms marine life and the environment. Existing methods for treating the spills have significant shortcomings. On-site burning, for example, emits pollution and greenhouse gases. Chemical dispersants, which break up the oil into tiny droplets and scatter them throughout the water, can harm wildlife. Other methods don’t discriminate well between oil and water, or they leave the water covered with an oily sheen.
Several research groups have proposed alternatives to these commercial cleanup methods, such as soaking up the oil with sponges coated with silanes, fluorocarbons, or graphene. But these lab-scale studies rely on reagents and procedures that are expensive, toxic, or unscalable.
Vikas Nandwana, a research associate working with Northwestern’s Vinayak P. Dravid, and coworkers developed a simple dip-coating method to apply a composite film of graphite and iron oxide nanoparticles to polyurethane and other sponges. The coating, which can also be prepared with iron manganese oxide, is made from inexpensive, abundant, and environmentally benign starting materials and is formulated as an aqueous slurry. Applying it to standard polyurethane furniture cushions that are typically landfilled creates a sponge that selectively absorbs a wide variety of oils from oil-water mixtures while excluding water.
Read more at cen.acs.org/materials/coatings/Low-cost-polyurethane-sponge-cleans/98/i22
Reference:
OHM Sponge: A Versatile, Efficient, and Ecofriendly Environmental Remediation Platform | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01493
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Wearable electronics face a constant foe: sweat. To help sweat escape and reduce skin irritation caused by wearing devices for long periods, researchers have designed electrodes from porous materials, but they’re not always cheap and easy to make. Now, a team of scientists at the Institute of Advanced Materials and North Carolina State University have developed porous silver nanowire-based electrodes using a simple and cost-effective method. These ultrathin electrodes could be used to monitor health or even adapted into touch sensors for a game of Tetris.
Gas-Permeable, Ultrathin, Stretchable Epidermal Electronics with Porous Electrodes | ACS Nano
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.0c00906
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