#populvuh #audiobook #mayan #aztecs #history
Ancient Recitations
The full audiobook of the Quiche Mayan creation epic, featuring the hero twins Hunahpu and Xbalanque, human sacrifices to the god Tohil, and the kinglists from the beginning to the end of their civilisation.
#populvuh #audiobook #mayan #aztecs #history
#populvuh #audiobook #mayan #aztecs #history
updated 9 months ago
#populvuh #audiobook #mayan #aztecs #history
#atlantis #plato
1190-1198AD by Lothario de Segni, Cardinal-Deacon (later Pope Innocent III).
montville.net/cms/lib/NJ01001247/Centricity/Domain/825/On%20the%20Misery%20of%20the%20Human%20Condition.pdf
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metmuseum.org
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Source: islamicity.com/mosque/lastserm.htm
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Source: quora.com/Where-can-I-find-the-translated-letter-that-Hulagu-Khan-wrote-to-the-caliph-of-Baghdad
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Source: http://www.emersonkent.com/speeches/the_third_philippic.htm
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Transcript: http://www.emersonkent.com/speeches/blood_and_iron.htm
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Source: http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/halsall/source/will1-lawsb.html
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Translation: http://www.sjsu.edu/people/james.lindahl/courses/Phil70A/s3/apology.pdf
Source: http://tudorhistory.org/primary/tilbury.html
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http://www.bartleby.com/246/654.html
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View the images in high resolution: http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/bok/index.htm
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Amen-Em-Heb served as a soldier in the Egyptian army under Pharaoh Thutmose III (1479 BC to 1425 BC) and under his son Amenhotep II.
Most notably, Amen-Em-Heb fought a bull elephant in hand-to-hand combat and emerged victorious, hacking off the the beast's foot while it was still alive. His skills as a soldier brought him to the Pharaoh's attention, who rewarded him with wealth and promotion.
Source: http://www.sacred-texts.com/ane/rp/rp204/rp20405.htm
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Source: http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/amarnaletters.htm
The letters from the great kings makes up the first half of the letters found at Tel Armarna. They feature the kings of most Middle Eastern kingdoms and shed light on the diplomatic status each had with Egypt, from the glowing praise of Babylonian and Mittani kings to the icy reserve of the kings of Hatti and Assyria.
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Excerpt from The Devils and Evil Spirits of Babylonia: http://www.sacred-texts.com/ane/seven.htm
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Although alleged to have been written by Plutarch it is likely these sayings were sourced from his works by later authors.
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Sources: http://www.attalus.org/old/sayings1.html
Several versions of this speech were recorded, the most famous of which is by Fulcher of Chatres. However, other versions of the speech are equally as rousing.
Source: http://www1.cbn.com/spirituallife/calling-for-the-first-crusade#urban
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The story is related by Cicero in his work The Tusculan Disputations.
books.google.co.uk/books?id=02NZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA215&lpg=PA215&dq=cicero+sword+of+damocles+translation&source=bl&ots=T_rUiDx3Ry&sig=aVyl6NZbsRXIoUVqmFUZoVVdt_c&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim8sHYhd7KAhUEPxQKHcvSCBgQ6AEIVjAJ#v=onepage&q=cicero%20sword%20of%20damocles%20translation&f=false
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This video is part 1 of 3, looking at the Assyrian army from 900 BC - 635 BC, the height of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
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Needless to say, this is not safe for work.
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Source: http://www.pompeiana.org/Resources/Ancient/Graffiti%20from%20Pompeii.htm
Battle of Artemesium: youtube.com/watch?v=oLZnsUU1Fx0
Battle of Salamis: youtube.com/watch?v=aQ59EZyIC-w
Battle of Himera: youtube.com/watch?v=GmrJX0YQR_0
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The ancestral pride of the Spartans and Athenians will not permit this, and so Gelon refuses the envoys help from what is possibly the most powerful army in the Greek world.
However, it turns out on the very same day as the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC that the Carthaginians (the Carchedonians, in the text) invaded Sicily with “300,000 men” drawn from the Western Mediterranean.
Source: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D7%3Achapter%3D154
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Themistocles' ruse that the Greek fleet at Salamis was all but ready to retreat embolded the Persians to attack despite the natural force multiplier that the Straits of Salamis provided to the Greeks.
After this defeat, Xerxes could see the writing on the wall, and sent word back to Persia of his "victory" over the Athenians and that he would be returning to Persia.
Source: http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Herosal.html
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The battle took place in 480 BC during the Second Persian Invasion of Greece, on the same three days as the Battle of Thermopylae.
The Greeks were victorious due to clever maneuvering and a fortuitous storm that wrecked a large detachment of the Persian fleet that was rounding Euboea to encircle the Greek fleet.
Source: http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.8.viii.html
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In this first episode, we look at the reasons the Persians brought 3 million men to fight with a few thousand at the Battle of Thermopylae.
Battle of Marathon: youtube.com/watch?v=Ar8nAKEyXQo
Battle of Thermopylae: youtube.com/watch?v=y_Q1T1ExaMQ
Source: http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.html
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The vast Persian army first encounters significant Greek resistance at the narrow pass of Thermopylae (the Hot Gates), where he found an advance force of approximately 4,000 troops from various Greek city-states.
Unable to break through the Greek line, Persian King-of-Kings Xerxes was confounded until a local man named Ephialtes betrayed the Greek confederacy by informing him of a hidden trail over the mountains.
Xerxes sent a force around to the back of the Greek army holding the narrow pass of Thermopylae, outflanking and eventually overwhelming them.
Although this battle was not especially significant other than a delaying action against the Persian invasion, the story of the events is so compelling, combined with the sheer heroism displayed by the hugely-outnumbered Greek troops, that it has become the most famous last stand in history.
Source: http://www.sjsu.edu/people/james.lindahl/courses/Hum1A/s3/Thermopolyaesm.pdf
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The Persian force of approximately 30,000 infantry, arches and cavalry landed at the Bay of Marathon to encounter an Athenian hoplite force of approximately 10,000 heavy infantry in a defensive position.
Instead of holding back, the Athenians charged the Persians, routed the Persian wings and turned on the centre, putting the whole Persian army to flight and forcing those left alive to escape via their ships.
The battle was chronicled by Herodotus in his work The Histories (Enquiries).
Source: http://www.sjsu.edu/people/james.lindahl/courses/Hum1A/s3/Marathonsm.pdf
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This sword was made on a course by http://bronzeagefoundry.com/.
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"Rite of Passage" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
The manifesto is an examination of historical and (then) contemporary class struggles, framing all of history as a series of class struggles between the haves and the have-nots. It also details how communism could be implemented in Western, economically-liberal societies by means of transitioning through socialism.
For good or for ill, the Communist Manifesto is one of the most important political documents of all time.
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Source: marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf
Ninkasi was the tutelary goddess of beer in ancient Sumer. The Hymn to Ninkasi is effectively a Sumerian recipe for brewing beer.
Further reading: http://www.beeradvocate.com/articles/721
Source: https://www.utexas.edu/courses/classicalarch/readings/beer.html
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The annals are most remarkable for detailing an alternative to the Biblical account of Sennacherib's Siege of Jerusalem, against king Hezekiah, but also details Sennacherib's conquest of Syria and Lebanon.
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Source: http://web.archive.org/web/19970707095227/http://staff.feldberg.brandeis.edu/~jacka/ANET/sennacherib_inscription.html
Gilgamesh and Enkidu go to the Cedar Forest to slay the demon Humbaba. The new translation gives greater richness to the story and explains more of our heroes' motivations, and confirms Enkidu's childhood spent with the demon.
Listen to the Epic of Gilgamesh here: youtube.com/watch?v=IPYf8AwNvKg
Sources:
http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18512/1/jcunestud.66.0069_w-footer.pdf
http://etc.ancient.eu/2015/09/24/giglamesh-enkidu-humbaba-cedar-forest-newest-discovered-tablet-v-epic/
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The values espoused in the Enchiridion are the essence of Stoicism, written as a list of 52 short maxims.
These maxims outline the virtues by which Stoic philosophers should live by, and can be summed up as thus:
"What upsets people is not things themselves but their judgments about the things."
In the Enchiridion, Epictetus advises that one takes full responsibility of one's actions and disregards anything one does not have full control over.
In this way, the philosopher can never be subject to a will that is not their own.
Source: http://classics.mit.edu/Epictetus/epicench.html
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This was a course run by http://bronzeagefoundry.com/.
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The hymn was written by the Enheduana, the daughter of Sargon of Akkad, during her time as the high priestess of the moon god Sin (Sumerian: Nanna), and is one of a body of work attributed to her.
The purpose of the hymn is to both praise and placate Inanna, so that she will not destroy Akkad but turn her anger to the "foreign lands" and destroy them instead.
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Source: http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section4/tr4072.htm
Thumbnail art: http://hedrick-cs.deviantart.com/art/Commission-Enheduanna-528091593
Recitation: youtube.com/watch?v=mESYkLD0kIQ
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Written in Sumerian in cuneiform and dating from around 2100 BC, what remains of the code of laws gives us an insight into Mesopotamian life around fifty years after the fall of the Akkadian Empire.
Ur-Nammu's code was written in what is now known as the "Sumerian Renaissance" or the Third Dynasty of Ur.
Commentary on this recitation: youtube.com/watch?v=NZcTZonjHKw
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Source: http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Sumer/ur_nammu_law.htm