Nutrition Made Simple!
Doctor reviews the Mediterranean Diet
updated
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Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 A Crisis of Scientific Trust
0:51 A Rift
2:00 Anti-establishment figures
4:48 A Clash
5:28 Battles vs Science
7:46 My contribution
10:00 Access is power
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-38461-y
2. bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4266
3. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916523050244
4.cardiab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12933-015-0179-2/figures/4
nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0785-8
5. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050173819300684
6. jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.06.036
7. journals.lww.com/co-lipidology/Abstract/2018/08000/Acquired_low_cholesterol__diagnosis_and_relevance.8.aspx
8. cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3/full
9. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3437972
10. academic.oup.com/ije/article/44/2/604/753171
11. sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1462388905001080
12. aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1177/011542650602100168
13. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jdi.12698
14. sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470204505701704
15. sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1525861017306746
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Low cholesterol raises risk of death?
1:12 The U curve
2:20 BMI
3:09 Blood pressure
3:43 HbA1c
4:23 Disease lowers cholesterol
6:49 U curves are common
7:52 A thought experiment
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-statistics/overweight-obesity
2-cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/slides/long_term_trends.pdf
3-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5220163
4-cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5837a9.htm death 5-prb.org/resources/u-s-trends-in-heart-disease-cancer-and-stroke
6-
dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans-2020-2025.pdf
7-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855172
8-nature.com/articles/1601989
9-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316622009099
10-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212267220311576
11-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212267215003871
12-mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/8/1545
13-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.131235
14-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522029343
15-liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/met.2014.0112
16-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939475321004531
17-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8855121
18-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/101/5/922/4577558
jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.089
19-healthland.time.com/2011/06/02/the-usda-ditches-the-food-pyramid-and-offers-a-plate
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 An epidemic of obesity
1:55 Is everyone getting sicker?
3:00 Do people follow the guidelines?
4:58 Are the guidelines health-promoting?
8:55 Time to ditch the guidelines?
10:10 What the guidelines get wrong
10:58 Does one size fit all?
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03946
2-jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/582848
3-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1200726
4-acpjournals.org/doi/epdf/10.7326/0003-4819-31-5-821
5-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022073614001654
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Losing weight at MdDonald´s
0:56 The problem with anecdotes
3:03 The Rice Diet
4:50 Our emotions blind us
6:25 Usefulness & danger of anecdotes
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.718604/full
2-europepmc.org/article/med/10322252
3-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.ATV.16.12.1509 TG & bmi
4-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21291667 hdl & multi
5-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2210645 tg lowering n.s.
ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041998 tg RCTs
6-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2722770 ference mr
7-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103514 hdl meta
8-journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003062 Korpela mr
9-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33870931 update on apoB, goes over MR
10-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2749533 bp mr
11-academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/35/3304/5821049?login=false tobacco mr
12-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002870305008707
Past videos covering ApoB and correlation vs causation:
youtu.be/ntD4eN-9t-Q
youtu.be/-B8ybQ-L264
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Cohlesterol ratios correlate with risk
1:10 Correlation vs causation
3:49 Hearing from the EAS President
4:31 Population vs individual
8:17 Take-home message
8:28 ApoA-I
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Links:
1-redpenreviews.org
2-peterattiamd.com/podcast
3-drguess.substack.com
twitter.com/Dr__Guess
4-twitter.com/Drlipid
5-youtube.com/@biolayne1
6-youtube.com/@DrBradStanfield
7-twitter.com/KevinH_PhD
8-twitter.com/deirdre_tobias
9-theproof.com/podcast
10-sigmanutrition.com
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
Follow Dr. Chey on Twitter: @umfoodoc
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Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2174034
2-europepmc.org/article/med/34463082
3-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016508506005129
4-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1521691807000339
5-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8132673
6-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S154235652030433X
7-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jgh.13701
8-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00627.x
9-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5383110
10-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5383110
11-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002927002042703
12-gut.bmj.com/content/early/2023/03/14/gutjnl-2023-329714.abstract
13-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016508509003618
14-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8171196
15-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apt.16582
16-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33189181
17-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00406-014-0502-z
18-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4632879
gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(11)00087-4/fulltext
19-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367209
20-bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-020-02654-5?
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/NDT.S243551
21-liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2016.0023
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40139-018-0160-3
22-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK84763
23-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28592442
24-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2468125320302156
25-acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/m15-3118
26-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620301518
27-hindawi.com/journals/prm/2019/2871505
28-worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0192415X96000244
29-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33315591
30-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25732419
31-guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/health-information/sehcat-study
32-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31152332
33-journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2050640619826419
34-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/apt.13573
35-youtube.com/watch?v=uEM2iDT-VAk
36-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23644955
37-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32426922
38-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1590865821002474
39-monashfodmap.com/ibs-central/i-have-ibs/starting-the-low-fodmap-diet
monashfodmap.com/3_step_fodmap_diet
40-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169754/#R58
41-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212877816000387
42-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4848870
43-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00433.x
44-spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3072
45-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508522003912
46-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16863564
47-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016508504021559
48-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00695.x
49-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1389172311005342
50-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016508517355579
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:12 Intro
1:24 What is IBS?
10:59 What causes IBS?
24:50 Multipronged therapy
32:27 Diagnostic tests
41:00 Wheat intolerance & SIBO
48:03 Histamine intolerance
51:06 Low FODMAP & other diets
1:04:10 Fiber
1:08:07 Probiotics
1:13:35 Summary & Takeaways
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-academic.oup.com/jcem/advance-article/doi/10.1210/clinem/dgac661/6888005
2-https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/206936/0957708211_eng.pdf
3-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34459898
4-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29221645
5-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30852132
6-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2019.00348/full
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New diabetes trial
2:08 The results
3:41 Follow-up
6:33 Results at 1 year
8:15 2 Takeaways
10:06 Context: DiRECT and Virta
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@ProfKausikRay
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References:
1-academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/24/2313/5735221
2-atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(23)00154-5/fulltext
3-jrheum.org/content/32/7/1219.short
4-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673610621745
5-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1707914
6-jacc.org/doi/epdf/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.012
7-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002914903006337
8-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034032#
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266666772030091X
9-thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)00215-5/fulltext
10-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa042378
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
1:10 Is inflammation necessary for Heart Disease?
2:45 Can we stop inflammation?
4:00 Do statins work by reducing inflammation?
5:19 Summary and Takeaways
Do we really need or 8 glasses of water a day? We’ve all heard this advice but I’ve never seen any evidence so I decided to dig around.
I found a lot of interesting research on hydration but nothing pointing to 8 glasses specifically.
There’s mixed evidence on heart disease and cancer and nothing about the 8 glass range.
The evidence on skin health suggests that for someone who drinks very little and is dehydrated, increasing water intake may improve some skin properties.
Several experts recommend just trusting your thirst, drinking when ur thirsty and not obsessing over drinking more water or a specific amount.
Special situations where it may make sense to try to drink more:
If you exercise you lose more water so you need to increase intake; if you live somewhere warm; If out working or exercising in the sun you’ll lose water very fast so it’s a good idea to hydrate in advance even before thirst hits; pregnant or breast-feeding; in children and older people sometimes thirst alone isnt effective. E.g. the thirst reflex goes down with age; If you have kidney stones or a family history, you definitely want to drink more water; extra hydration can help prevent UTIs and it can help with chronic constipation as well
What about weight loss? Can drinking more water help us lose weight? Our energy expenditure goes up right after we drink water. Drinking water before meals can help us eat less and lose weight.
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-academic.oup.com/aje/article/155/9/827/58224
2-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20456812
3-www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199905063401803
4-www.nature.com/articles/1601903
5-journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpregu.00365.2002
6-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16827695
7-www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2147/CCID.S86822
8-www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/health-nutrition/water-myth
9-journals.physiology.org/doi/epdf/10.1152/ajpregu.00365.2002
10-www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07315724.2007.10719666
11-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234935/?report=reader#!po=4.54545
12-www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD009647.pub2/full
13-academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/55/7/M361/2948068
14-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19321253
15-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2157171615321468
16-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0270929508000508
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joim.12654
17-journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1258/000456307781646030
18-www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm8668
19-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6584323
20-europepmc.org/article/med/9684123
21-academic.oup.com/jcem/article/92/8/3334/2598681
22-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6209729
23-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1038/oby.2009.235
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3809630
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4121911
24-academic.oup.com/jn/article/144/11/1742/4590067
25-publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/123/4/e661/71356/Promotion-and-Provision-of-Drinking-Water-in
26-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16128874
27-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234935
28-www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/55/9/537
29-www2.hcmuaf.edu.vn/data/lhquang/file/Coffee/Caffeine%20ingestion.pdf
30-journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0084154
31-www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/7/660
32-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0031938484901549
33-journals.physiology.org/doi/epdf/10.1152/ajpregu.00365.2002
34-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30656839
35-https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/36074/GIPE-031998.pdf
36-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692653
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 8 glasses a day
0:27 Water & Heart Disease
1:02 Water & Cancer
2:03 Water & Skin
5:20 Special situations
8:36 Water & Weight Loss
12:08 Water & Migraine
12:47 Replacement
13:11 Risks of drinking more water
14:02 Water in food
14:25 Coffe, alcohol & (de)hydration
15:58 Does thirst mean dehydration?
16:44 Urine color & dehydration
17:58 A nephrologist speaks
19:43 Origins of "8 glasses"
20:36 Takeaways
Connect with me:
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Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2802553
2-www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-28662-5
3-cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(20)31669-9
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 What is fatty liver?
0:25 New trial
2:17 Results
4:54 Caloric intake
6:14 Main takeaway
7:11 Time of eating and metabolism
8:11 Should we all fast?
8:36 Main dietary factors for health
Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-020-05104-9
2-faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1096/fj.13-230227
3-tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1186/s12970-018-0215-1
4-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11932-002-0017-7
5-faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fj.202200398RR
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-016-0496-y
6-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcsm.12922
Resistance training program for beginners:
muscleandstrength.com/workouts/3day-beginners-workout.html
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Caloric balance
1:34 Diet tips for healthy weight gain
3:37 Exercise
5:58 Recap
8:16 Example foods
10:37 Additional exercise tips
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Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
Links:
www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/food-product-dating
www.eufic.org/en/food-safety/article/best-before-use-by-and-sell-by-dates-explained
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Different labels
0:27 "Best by" and "Use by"
0:51 "Sell by"
1:31 One Exception
2:32 Europe
2:59 Recap
Connect with me:
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original video:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=sY48qLl9ZzE
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Disclaimer: Contents are for informational purposes only, and not meant as medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician. Never disregard medical advice.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
1:19 Cholesterol
4:03 COIs
4:25 Statins
5:02 Statins & heart disease
6:56 Cholesterol & mortality
10:35 Why are statins prescribed
12:38 Funding
15:24 Relative & Absolute risk
19:10 Correlation vs causation
24:08 The basics of Heart Disease
28:07 Inflammation
29:00 Insulin Resistance
30:25 Oxidative Stress
36:48 HDL-C
37:54 Ratios
40:19 Cholesterol in blood vs whole body
42:16 oxLDL clearance
46:17 Artery damage & retention
52:28 LDL number & size
59:44 Statins & LDL
1:03:53 Statin side effects
1:04:48 Cardiomegaly
1:08:05 Statins & muscle
1:11:29 Liver
1:11:52 Brain
1:15:11 Statins & diabetes
1:17:35 Sugar & diet
1:19:11 Final remarks
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https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/matthew-hayek.html
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Links:
1-journaljsrr.com/index.php/JSRR/article/view/830
2-agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/99EO00325
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73-www.edf.org/climate/methane-crucial-opportunity-climate-fight
Disclaimer: The contents are for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or qualified health provider.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
1:08 What is climate change
4:31 Isn't climate variation normal?
8:20 Climate goals
12:00 Do a couple degrees really matter?
16:00 Expected consequences
19:30 Climate injustice
21:45 Is there still time?
22:38 Is it all a hoax?
24:43 What causes climate change? Agriculture vs fossil fuels
32:34 Climate impact of different foods
35:58 Methane
37:22 Conclusion
Dr. Nadolsky:
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drspencer.com
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Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213858715004829
2-journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.5.E981
3-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11154-014-9289-5
4-nature.com/articles/nrd1828
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nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2206038
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10-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.00576/full
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15-dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.14725
16-nature.com/articles/s41591-022-02026-4
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:26 COIs
3:14 New weight loss drugs
9.32 Efficacy
11:06 Dual effect of tirzepatide
13:49 What patients report
17:30 Stigma and perception
22:34 Obesity and the brain
23:46 Side effects
34:45 Fat mass vs lean mass
41:24 Do you have to take them forever?
Dr. Goldfarb on Twitter: @weddellite
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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References:
1-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1548559512002212
2-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2931286
3-europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk279069
4-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5685519
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7-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1548559512002212
8-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S008525381554739X
europepmc.org/article/med/11132032
9-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7353736
10-www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1182
11-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-015-3650-4
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europepmc.org/article/med/10968683
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50-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00345-020-03561-w
51-journals.lww.com/cjasn/pages/articleviewer.aspx
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58-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32032687
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32981032
64-www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2213889
65-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17094744
Disclaimer: The contents are for informational purposes only, not intended as medical advice nor to replace medical care. Never disregard medical advice because of information in Nutrition Made Simple.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
2:02 Why do kidney stones form?
14:57 Age of onset & symptoms
20:02 Oxalate sources
27:04 Oxalate conditions
35:02 Oxalates & the microbiome
40:33 Citrate & calcium
45:15 Animal protein
50:53 Diet for kidney stone prevention
57:38 Supplements
1:04:49 What to do if you're passing a kidney stone
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2300793
2-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2031173
3-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2215024
4-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2215024
5-europepmc.org/articles/pmc2988224/bin/mmc1.pdf
6-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1806747
7-europepmc.org/articles/pmc2988224/bin/mmc1.pdf
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New trial
0:20 What is bempedoic acid?
2:17 How was the study done?
4:36 Results
6:40 What the results mean
9:24 Side effects
11:05 Mortality
12:12 Funding
14:38 My COIs
15:25 Summary and implications
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References:
1-nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02223-9
2-tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07388551.2017.1380598
3-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32412980
also: frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.953056/full
4-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.312236
5-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.312236
6-mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/1/204#B74-nutrients-15-00204
7-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899900709002275
8-clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04731363
9-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230096901129
10-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4037362
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:43 New study
5:18 Erythritol and clotting
8:09 Social media reaction
12:21 Take-home message
1st video with Dr. Guess: youtu.be/gdWe87YfFFc
A continuous glucose monitor is a small device you can wear on your arm or belly and it measures your glucose levels continuously so you can see the change in real time after a meal for example.
I discussed CGMs with with Dr. Nicola Guess, who received her PhD from Imperial College London for work in diabetes prevention and is currently Res Program Manager at Oxford Univ where she studies approaches for diabetes remission.
In people with T2d there’s a role for CGMs. They can give immediate feedback and motivation. Always coupled with healthy diet. Be wary of exclusive focus on glucose. Just because a food flattens glucose doesn´t mean its health-promoting. Shoot for a holistic approach
With pre-diabetes: CGMs can help distinguish WHEN glucose is high. fasting vs post-prandial
For people with high fasting glucose but good post-prandia valuesl, dr. Guess mentions vigorous physical activity and high fiber diets
For people with high post-prandial glucose (after meals), emphasizing protein and moderating carbs is one approach she utilizes routinely. Amino acids stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin which helps control postprandial glucose
For those without prediabetes or diabetes, the concern with generalized CGM use is excessive focus on glucose and the misunderstanding that glucose excursions are pernicious
It’s completely normal for glucose level to rise after a meal as long as it comes back down again. What’s unnatural is for it to stay high for a long period of time, suggesting the body struggles to process glucose normally
So it´s less about whether the CGM is good or bad and more about how we use the information.
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-https://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/pdf/62/62_163.pdf
2-journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jpah/14/9/article-p745.xml
3-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/47/5/852/4694669
4-diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/39/4/501/7365/Effects-of-Prolonged-Pulsatile-Hyperinsulinemia-in
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 What is a CGM?
0:48 CGMs for type 2 diabetics
3:25 CGMs for prediabetics
4:40 CGMs for healthy people
7:46 Glucose in endurance athletes
11:21 Summary
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32780794
2-cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30248-7
3-nature.com/articles/nm.3145?ct=40012
4-diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/68/9/1747/39628/Assessment-of-Causal-Direction-Between-Gut
5-nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12937-022-00820-x
6-nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-12-86
7-jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5
8-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33172506
9-mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/11/3871/htm
10-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.934438/full
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:10 Meat alternatives are now a reality
1:12 The SWAP-MEAT trial
6:34 Results
8:56 TMAO
11:34 Weight loss
14:10 The SWAP-MEAT Athlete trial
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
openai.com/blog/chatgpt
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:23 Best diet
1:55 Eggs
4:24 Dietary fats
5:49 Curveball
7:13 Diabetes
8:21 HDL-C
11:08 Myths
12:48 Lectins
15:13 Creativity
16:04 Overall assessment
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-nytimes.com/2023/01/19/well/eat/nutrition-myths.html
2-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0889157517300418
3-cell.com/cell-metabolism/pdf/S1550-4131(19)30248-7.pdf
4-bmj.com/content/347/bmj.f5001
5-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884895
6-nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-12-29
7-pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/fo/c9fo01426h/unauth
8-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.7135
9-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8281151/#!po=38.8889
10-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.988707/full#h9
11-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5486204/pdf/ajcn154872.pdf
12-journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0216348
13-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-018-1774-2
14-nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1414850
15-niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/addendum-peanut-allergy-prevention-guidelines.pdf
16-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/all.15324
17-https://www.mcri.edu.au/news-stories/researchers-discover-immune-system-changes-support-peanut-allergy-remission-children
18-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-021-01434-9
19-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33172506
20-tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5
21-iv.iiarjournals.org/content/invivo/36/2/556.full.pdf
22-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212267219303624
23-https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201321251180903.pdf
24-karger.com/Article/Pdf/444735
25-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192476
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:16 Frozen fruit & veg
1:39 Dietary fat
3:28 Calories & weight loss
5:08 Type 2 diabetes and fruit
10:08 Cow milk vs plant milk
12:57 White potatoes
14:07 Peanut allergies
15:33 Plant protein
16:39 Soy & breast cancer
18:25 Nutrition keeps changing
Dr. Guess on social media:
Twitter: @Dr__Guess
phc.ox.ac.uk/team/nicola-guess
drguess.substack.com
References:
1-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29221645
2-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13300-022-01220-4
3-nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-7075-3-16
4-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/32/11/2312/4692116
5-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/101/6/1320S/4564492
6-portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/35/5/1180/85658/Amino-acid-metabolism-insulin-secretion-and
7-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S074937971100465X
8-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13300-018-0373-9
9-diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/51/3/599/34454/Mechanism-of-Amino-Acid-Induced-Skeletal-Muscle
10-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11892-003-0034-9
11-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4598604
12-academic.oup.com/jcem/article/89/4/1641/2844241
13-academic.oup.com/jcem/article-abstract/52/1/34/2678076
14-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/52/3/524/4650824
15-mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/11/5454
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:21 Intro
1:01 Clarifying diabetes
3:11 Protein, insulin and diabetes
11:28 Protein sources
12:52 Individual variation
15:30 Choosing the right diet
20:10 Prevention vs management
24:19 Insulin Resistance
26:00 Low carb diets
27:21 High carb diets
29:00 Fat quality
29:43 Conclusion & take-home messages
Many diets can provide benefits. E.g. trials on low fat vs low carb show similar weight loss and metabolic improvements over the long run.
Why do some people do better on diet A and others on diet B?
Overweight volunteers split randomly between 2 diets with same amount of calories but differing in fat content. 34% of calories from fat vs 28%
fat was replaced with protein.
nutrition trials often try to keep protein constant because it affects satiation and intake. many nutrients affect satiation. Fat, fiber etc.
Fiber: in the higher fat diet was a bit under 30g fiber a day and the lower fat diet was a bit over 30g.
supplement of B-glucan (fiber in oats and barley).
Other than that, carbs were kept constant. ~44% of calories from carb in both groups
the fat they added was monounsaturated fat. PUFAs and SFA were kept constant at ~8% of calories each
the higher fat diet had more olive oil and olives. the lower fat diet had more low fat dairy like low fat yogurt and cheese.
They were on the diets for 3 months
They looked for improvements in metabolic parameters like fasting insulin, glucose & insulin after a meal, triglycerides and markers of inflammation
Some people improved on the lower fat diet, some on the higher fat diet.
Insulin resistance= when organs don´t respond normally to insulin so they resist taking up glucose from circulation
You can have insulin resistance in the liver while muscles are still more insulin sensitive. they estimated Insulin resistance in liver and muscle.
people with Insulin resistance in the liver predominantly did better on the higher fat diet. metabolic parameters improved. on the lower fat diet there was no significant change. with muscle Insulin resistance they saw improvement on the lower fat diet, no significant change on higher fat
changes in the microbiome? unsaturated fat improves liver function so its good for liver Insulin resistance?
caloriess didnt differ significantly. changes didn´t seem to be explained by overall weight loss.
there was a small weight loss of ~2% in all groups, weight loss per se didn´t explain it.
Fat loss trended. Visceral fat didnt appear different
gynoid fat, fat accumulated in the hips, thighs and breasts, differed significantly.
muscle Insulin resistance lost more gynoid fat on lower fat diet and saw metabolic improvements on that diet. liver Insulin resistance= less gynoid fat and better metabolic markers on higher fat
precision nutrition is in its infancy
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2673150
2- the new trial cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(22)00539-3
3-vox.com/2016/11/2/13453434/personalized-diet-nutrition-dna
4-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24439821
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 What is Precision Nutrition?
1:09 New trial
4:08 The results
6:05 Body weight and body fat
7:40 What does it mean?
8:26 Is Precision Nutrition ready for the limelight?
10:00 Best of both worlds
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1- cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00754-6
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:15 Fiber intolerance, a seminal study
4:06 The surprising effect of fermented foods
4:54 Fiber tolerant vs fiber intolerant
6:23 Strategies for gut health and fiber intolerance
7:22 Inflammation
8:44 How to (re)introduce fiber
Follow Dr. Ungar:
https://ungarlab.uark.edu/
twitter.com/PeterSUngar
facebook.com/profile.php?id=20618583
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-researchgate.net/profile/Tatiana-Giraud/publication/259107570_The_domestication_and_evolutionary_ecology_of_apples/links/5d7e286f92851c87c389f347/The-domestication-and-evolutionary-ecology-of-apples.pdf
2-bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3732/ajb.1000522
3-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780444427038500178
4-pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1102001108
5-smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/taming-the-wild-banana-33985103
6-scientificamerican.com/article/cooking-up-bigger-brains
7-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S030162269800147X
8-pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2121978119
9-smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-pinpoint-date-when-chickens-were-first-domesticated-180980212
10-nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81589-7
royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.0392
11-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119385505
12-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6304694
13-https://www.publish.csiro.au/ebook/chapter/9781486301614_Chapter3
14-mdpi.com/1424-2818/6/4/705
15-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK216528
16-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.841252/full
17-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1467-3010.2000.00019.x
18-papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=563741
19-europepmc.org/article/med/7271998
20-bbc.com/future/article/20181002-how-long-did-ancient-people-live-life-span-versus-longevity
21-pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.0402857101
22-tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/03014460.2015.1046488
23-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004724841300225X
24-science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1238484
25-anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.a.20379
26-pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.0902614106
27-https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/fossils/shanidar-1
28-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00239-019-09923-2
29-aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2002/0501/p1845.html?ref=Guzels.TV
30-https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/204350
31-science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1236828
32-https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/682587
33-science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.283.5410.2004
34-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC124895
35-https://www.scielo.br/j/bjg/a/FxXZ7LPBDmZxjKKVbPym4Vb/abstract/?lang=en
36-royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2021.2747
37-newscientist.com/article/2350008-homo-naledi-may-have-used-fire-to-cook-and-navigate-230000-years-ago
38-nature.com/articles/s41559-022-01910-z
39-nature.com/articles/nature.2012.10372
40-https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/692530
41-scientificamerican.com/article/ancient-cutmarks-reveal-butchery
42-nature.com/articles/news.2010.399
43-science.org/cms/asset/8a46c64c-1c86-4079-a4f5-ea4f27654feb/pap.pdf
44-science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1145463
45-sciencedaily.com/releases/2002/07/020705090840.htm
46-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ajpa.23759
47-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ajpa.10399
48-royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2013.0338
49-science.org/content/article/ancient-tools-may-shed-light-mysterious-hobbit
50-science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.306.5697.789
51-nature.com/articles/459041a
52-nature.com/articles/nature08844
53-nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23310-w
Disclaimer: Contents are for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice nor to replace medical care. The information is accurate and conforms to available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge at the time of posting. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:32 Intro
1:58 Which foods are "ancestral"?
5:19 Did all our ancestors die young?
8:54 Are ancestral foods healthy?
13:25 Antagonistic pleiotropy
14:38 The evolution of human brains
18:42 The discovery of fire
19:40 Meat and brains
21:24 Brain size & intelligence
23:04 Paleoanthropology and nutrition
27:14 Recap & Conclusion
29:05 Should we eat "ancestral" foods?
Dr. Ungar´s Social Media links:
https://ungarlab.uark.edu/
twitter.com/PeterSUngar
facebook.com/profile.php?id=20618583
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7312/hard92188/html
2-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ece3.5049
3-pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1305827110
4-scientificamerican.com/article/the-real-paleo-diet
5-nature.com/articles/s41598-019-41033-3
6-pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1607872113
7-science.sciencemag.org/content/326/5960/1680.full
8-blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/humans-feasting-on-grains-for-at-least-100000-years
9-pnas.org/content/112/39/12075.abstract
10-nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/ancient-oat-discovery-may-poke-more-holes-in-paleo-diet
11-science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6473/87
12-nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01681-w
13-cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/cooking-in-caves-palaeolithic-carbonised-plant-food-remains-from-franchthi-and-shanidar/0CB510C9E528CD7AD923469D78E14E42
14-edition.cnn.com/2022/11/22/world/prehistoric-diets-plants-neanderthals-scn
15-https://insider.si.edu/2011/01/starch-grains-found-on-neandertal-teeth-helps-debunk-theory-their-extinction-was-caused-by-dietary-deficiencies/
16-pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1016868108
17-pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2021655118
18-science.org/content/article/neanderthals-carb-loaded-helping-grow-their-big-brains
19-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248415001657
20-journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0204368
21-pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1005992107
22-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248408001565
23-scientificamerican.com/article/the-real-paleo-diet
24-reuters.com/article/us-science-neanderthals-idUSKBN16F2LK
25-nature.com/articles/nature21674?dom=pscau&src=syn
26-pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1307308110
27-journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022034518822981
28-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018206002355
29-journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0002044
30-pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1809439115
31-blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/the-true-human-diet
32-bbc.com/news/science-environment-27981702
33-journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0101045
34-nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03675-0
35-cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/new-evidence-for-the-processing-of-wild-cereal-grains-at-ohalo-ii-a-23-000yearold-campsite-on-the-shore-of-the-sea-of-galilee-israel/3F1C519692D8923D4FD321001CB87359
36-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248484710438
37-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11434-011-4718-2
38-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440384710806
39-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0305440387900045
40-amazon.com/Edible-Insects-Human-Evolution-Lesnik/dp/0813056993
41-academic.oup.com/ae/article/64/4/261/5232711
42-pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.98.4.1358
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:25 What did our ancestors eat?
2:15 Is there ONE ancestral diet?
5:47 Diversity & uncertainty
9:01 Did Neanderthals eat whole grains?
10:34 Bone marks, teeth and DNA
17:27 The chemical signature of diet
19:45 Tooth microwear
21:00 Putting the evidence together
29:53 Patterns in human diet evolution
35:19 Fossilized feces
36:25 Omnivores, carnivores or herbivores?
40:08 Hunting vs scavenging
44:31 Eating insects
46:05 Recap & Conclusion
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2673150?redirect=true
2-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2751719
3-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0804748
4-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee
5-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379122004347
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Highlights
0:21 Is there a best diet for humans?
1:04 The foundational diet
7:33 Carbs, fat & protein
12:17 Why is it so hard to stick to a diet??
21:11 Human variability in nutrition
24:50 Additional factors for success
27:35 Insulin and hunger
New trial on triglyceride lowering. triglyceride-lowering drug vs placebo. participants: high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol was low, only triglycerides were high
fibrate reduced triglycerides. HDL-cholesterol went up by 5%
no significant change in risk of cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke or death). why wasn’t risk lower if triglycerides came down?
Lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol are carried in our bloodstream in lipoproteins like LDL and VLDL. VLDLs carry mostly triglycerides, LDLs carry mostly cholesterol. in cardiovascular research risk follows number of lipoproteins, not lipid level. so cholesterol and triglycerides are markers
usually the higher the cholesterol and triglycerides, the more lipoproteins. VLDLs and LDLs are cousins. VLDLs can turn into LDLs. both carry ApoB
the fibrate didn't reduce apoB so risk didnt go down, regardless of what happens to triglycerides or cholesterol. fibrates lower VLDLs (which carry mostly TGs). So both triglycerides and their carriers go down. But it raises large LDLs
VLDLs were reduced by being converted into LDLs. Reducing triglycerides by transforming one ApoB lipoprotein, VLDLs, into another, LDLs, is not helpful
Other trials: lowering triglycerides without lowering apoB doesnt help
genetics: triglyceride levels have little if any effect on cardiovascular risk when we account for ApoB
raising HDL-cholesterol doesn´t help; triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol combined play small if any role in cardiovascular risk accounting for apoB; people with good triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol can still have plaque in their arteries
triglycerides associate with risk at population level; higher triglycerides associate with higher risk; lowering them doesn’t necessarily lower risk
high triglycerides reflect overweight, diabetes etc. changing triglycerides directly doesnt necessarily do much
markers vs makers. triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol (tracks well with risk but changing HDL-c directly makes little difference), LDL-cholesterol
triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol, reflect obesity, diabetes but higher HDL-cholesterol genetically doesn´t affect risk
triglycerides can come down without change to apoB
high triglycerides: chances are i´m overweight or diabetic; if triglycerides come down due to weight loss, they reflect positive change
very high triglycerides can be bad news besides heart disease. pancreatitis and fatty liver.
don´t ignore high triglycerides. but don’t assume lower triglycerides mean lower heart disease risk; also can’t assume low triglycerides mean safety. could still have determinants of cardiovascular risk out of whack, like high blood pressure or high ApoB
fibrates reduce triglycerides and VLDLs yet risk wasn´t lower
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2210645
2-jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/article-abstract/2786334
3-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2768850
4-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2722770
5-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2213208
6-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33870931
7-link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-59745-533-6
8-elifesciences.org/articles/58361#s3
9-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041998
10-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2722770
11-journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003062
12-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103514
13-academic.oup.com/ije/article/50/3/893/5948819
14-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109717412320
15-academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/1/111/5556353
16-academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/47/4791/6362485
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New trial on Triglyceride lowering
1:21 Triglycerides vs Lipoproteins
3:55 Conclusion of the trial
5:24 LDL particle size
6:30 Big picture
7:50 Markers vs Makers
10:27 Ratios
11:36 Value of Triglycerides
13:02 Improving health as a whole
After our recent video on seed oils and inflammation, viewers have been asking about cardiovascular disease. Do omega 6 fats and seed oils affect heart disease and cardiovascular disease?
Dr. Kevin Maki is the president of the American National Lipid Association. He has published hundreds of studies on lipid biology, including omega6s, saturated fat and cardiovascular disease.
We covered the evidence on omega-6s and CVD, omega 3s and saturated fat and the Minnesota and Sydney trials.
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1. Lyon: ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.cir.99.6.779
2. PREDIMED: nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1800389
3. CORDIOPREV: www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673622001222
4.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3/full
5.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010236
6.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109715046914
7.jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2530902
8.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109715046914
9. ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510
10.https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/246104/9789241565349-eng.pdf
11.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1933287414003444
12.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038908
13. REDUCE-IT: nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1812792
14. Overview: amjmed.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0002-9343(21)00227-8
15. JELIS: sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673607605273
16. RESPECT-EPA: acc.org/Latest-in-Cardiology/Clinical-Trials/2022/11/05/03/10/respect-epa
17. academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/47/4807/6358478
18. Minnesota: ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.ATV.9.1.129
19. Minnesota recovered: bmj.com/content/353/bmj.i1246.full.pdf+html
20. Sydney: bmj.com/content/346/bmj.e8707
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Seed oils & Heart Disease with Dr. Maki
1:23 Fat types and Heart Disease
6:45 Serum biomarkers
9:45 Conclusion
10:10 Omega-3s
12:43 Minnesota & Sydney
16:32 Sydney & trans fats
18:00 Future clinical trials
We got a ton requests from you to comment on Dr. Michael Greger. This week viewers sent us a new video with dr. Greger, let’s take a look
It´s a tv show, Greger is in a debate. Greger will argue the vegetarian diet. Reversal of heart disease. Dr. Esselstyn and the Ornish trial.
Ornish trial: diet, stopping smoking, stress management (meditation etc), exercise
Many diets “reverse” diabetes, normalize glucose. low fat diets can reverse diabetes, low carb diets can reverse diabetes. elimination diets cut junk food, weight loss improves glucose
overt deficiency of protein or kwashiorkor virtually nonexistent in the west. we can avoid overt deficiency and not be at optimal level. true: main threats are diseases of excess. Heart disease, obesity, diabetes, even cancer: diseases of eating too many calories, too much of the wrong foods
Red meat intake reduced, diabetes went up. People eating more calories and more junk food. red meat not the cause of this rise in diabetes but red meat could raise risk of diabetes. reduction of red meat and even bigger increase of refined carbohydrates, overall more calories, risk of diabetes goes up but in theory both foods could be diabetogenic
does not imply more diabetes due to less meat
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/108/2/405/5042716?login=true
2-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12603-019-1174-1
3-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128039687000356
4-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.1809
5-mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2661/htm
6-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-021-01434-9
7-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33597056
8-frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.934438/full
9-nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-12-86
10-jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5
11-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33172506
12-cdn.mdedge.com/files/s3fs-public/Document/September-2017/JFP_06307_Article1.pdf
13-
1 year: chrisjbradshaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Can-lifestyle-changes-reverse-coronary-heart-disease-Ornish-Lancet-1990.pdf
5 year:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/188274
14-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033214
15-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29221645
16-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30852132
17-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109717412320
18-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168822709004331
19-Dr. Greger´s content on olive oil:
nutritionfacts.org/topics/olive-oil
nutritionfacts.org/video/olive-oil-and-artery-function
our content going over the evidence:
youtu.be/bN6JJZw3m0A
youtu.be/Jv4vjHrpaKo
20-nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01968-z
21-bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4141
22-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4593072
23-bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4141
24-scientificamerican.com/article/new-system-ranks-evidence-for-health-risks-of-eating-red-meat-smoking-and-more-but-critics-say-its-overly-simplistic
Other videos:
Dr. Greger & fish: youtu.be/s7QRLZp63Eo
our red meat video: youtu.be/mQ56uOkjccg
our fish video: youtu.be/QKfU6dBB764
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New video with Dr. Greger
1:20 Do Americans get enough protein?
5:25 Bioavailability of animal & plant protein
6:33 Developing world and animal foods
7:49 Polarized Debates
9:18 Plant-based diets & supplements
10:11 Dr. Greger & reversal of heart disease
14:21 Reversing Diabetes
16:06 Deficiencies vs excess
17:45 The Ornish trial
21:34 Red meat and diabetes
24:43 Heart disease & insulin resistance
26:36 Vegetarian diet and risk of disease
29:03 The debate heats up
30:22 Ecological data & hierarchy of evidence
32:39 Red meat and health risk
38:02 Scams, superfoods & ancestor diets
39:33 My conclusion of the debate
40:18 My views on Dr. Michael Greger
41:39 The main lesson from all this!
Let’s talk calcium scan or calcium score. The calcium scan shows calcification in coronary arteries
myth: “CAC score of 0 means no plaque”
a CAC score of 0 doesnt mean no plaque
CAC doesnt measure plaque. Measures calcification. Calcification happens late in plaque formation process.
you can have a CAC of 0 and have soft plaque. Non calcified.
study: people with lots of plaque, 14% had CAC of zero. most young people with obstructive CAD had a CAC of zero
“diagnostic value of a CAC score of 0 small in the young"
advanced coronary disease: ~30% of heart attacks or death in people with CAC of zero
if CAC is zero odds are low you have obstructive CAD. but doesnt rule it out
even with a lot of plaque, calcification may not have developed
CAC =0 is good news, it’s a marker of lower risk, but it doesn´t mean immunity
we can have plaque in other places besides coronaries
CAC=0: 54% had plaque in the legs or the carotids
CAC of zero is desirable, but far from perfect
CAC=marker of advanced disease. CAC=0 may mean no plaque. or maybe there is. CAC doesnt rule that out
CAC=0 doesnt mean zero calcification. just detectable calcification
scan picks up calcification above certain size, not small calcium spots. ~4% with CAC=0 had calcification
myth: CAC=0 means zero risk
"LDLc or apoB is high but CAC=0 so I´m safe"
“score of zero does not imply risk is zero (heart attack, stroke etc) or zero atherosclerosis (plaque)”
“CAC of zero may provide false sense of security”
CAC of zero indicates low 5-10y risk
value of CAC score depends on age
CAC=0 is the norm in young
“CAC of zero in the young is normal, more power at older age. value of a CAC of zero increases with age”
myth: "if CAC goes up, i´ll make changes"
calcification=advanced plaque
real power is in preventing plaque
“Plaque calcification is a late event, not for pre-plaque detection (goal = prevent plaque)”
some methods measure soft plaque. angiography.
calcium not the cause of risk. marker of risk
The more plaque, the more likely there’s calcification. calcification isn’t the problem. Calcification is part of the scarring of the artery, can make artery less likely to rupture
“plaque disruption and thrombosis not in calcified segments; calcium not the cause”
in general more calcium means higher risk, it´s a marker of more plaque and more advanced plaque, but something could increase calcium and not raise risk
statins can increase CAC but risk goes down. statins stabilize plaque, including calcification
CAC can refine risk. young with CAC that is NOT zero; older with a score of zero; borderline case with some risk factors but not clear if statin is appropriate, CAC can help decide
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-One page primer: jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2795671
2-obstructive CAD: jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2785586
3-plaque in other territories even with CAC=0
ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014310
4-calcification even with CAC=0
europepmc.org/articles/pmc9612790/bin/jeab135_supplementary_data.docx
atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(20)30378-6/fulltext
5-CAC=0 desirable but imperfect
ahajournals.org/doi/epub/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045026
6-low 10y risk with CAC=0
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666667722000551?via%3Dihub
7-prevalence of CAC=0
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2601071
8-calcium is not the cause: jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.018
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 What is the calcium score?
0:53 Plaque with CAC=0
3:53 Calcification with CAC=0
4:32 CAC=0 and Risk
8:01 Calcium score and Age
9:33 Window of opportunity
10:47 More sensitive tests
12:17 Calcium is not the cause
13:32 Statins and Calcium
15:25 Take-aways and strategy
16:50 Additional Resources
Support Dr. Bik on Patreon: Patreon.com/elisabethbik
Follow her on Twitter: @MicrobiomDigest
Her blog: scienceintegritydigest.com/about
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-nytimes.com/interactive/2022/10/29/opinion/science-fraud-image-manipulation-photoshop.html
2-journals.asm.org/doi/epub/10.1128/mBio.00809-16
3- (in French) https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-magazine/france-2/complement-d-enquete/complement-d-enquete-du-jeudi-17-novembre-2022_5444497.html
4-pubpeer.com/static/extensions
5-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300996
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Meet a science fraud detective
1:38 From plagiarism to image duplications
5:29 Spotting scientific fraud
8:39 Error & manipulation
16:22 Why some scientists commit fraud
23:17 Fighting Institutional Inertia and Ego
32:09 Fraud factories
34:30 The shockwaves of fraud
36:44 Preventing fraud
39:06 Robust science
41:37 Silver Linings
A new trial compared a statin to several supplements. Rosuvastatin vs phytosterols vs red yeast rice
low dose of statin, 5mg. 1.6mg sterols, 2.4mg red yeast rice.
the active ingredients in red yeast rice are called monacolins, the main one being monacolin K.
analysis of trials using red yeast rice. lowered LDLcholesterol by 40pts. red yeast rice not significantly different from statin
not all trials report amount of monacolin K in the supplements. effect of supplements varies depending on where we get our bottle.
phytosterols: analysis of trials shows phytosterols lowers LDLc by ~8-10% So phytosterols probably do have a cholesterol-lowering effect its just mild
Quick caveat regarding phytosterols: some people are sterol hyperabsorbers in the intestine, and for those people, phytosterol supplements are not a good idea. Another option is a stanol, which also lowers cholesterol and doesnt get absorbed
caveat with supplements: safety. Most available data with red yeast rice suggests low side effects. trial for red yeast rice looked at risk.
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-jacc.org/doi/epdf/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.10.013
2jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/226109
3-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5613479
4-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915015002221
5-link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1749-8546-1-4
6-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915013004875
7-agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01230.x
8-https://ir.nctu.edu.tw/bitstream/11536/8558/1/000257721400029.pdf
academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp/article/21/Supplement_B/B71/5422925
Position paper: academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article/75/9/731/4065280
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New trial: cholesterol-lowering supplements
1:12 Big Pharma funding?
2:22 Do supplements work?
3:08 Can we trust supplements labels?
4:30 Red Yeast Rice
6:37 Phytosterols
7:51 Safety
8:20 Cardiovascular Risk
9:44 Legal Battles
10:35 My approach to cholesterol-lowering
Dr. Ethan Weiss, cardiologist and Prof. of Medicine at UCSF and low carb dieter for ~5y
last week’s video on cholesterol and saturated fat on low carb + low carb diet by a professional in heart health
ApoB. fats like cholesterol and triglycerides travel in our blood in lipoproteins
lipoproteins can enter artery wall and cause plaque. ApoB is a blood test that gives us a count of the number of those problem lipoproteins
is high cholesterol a problem on low carb? Dr. Weiss goes by ApoB given its implication in cardiovascular disease
is high cholesterol ok as long as HDL-c is also high and triglycerides are low? what’s your ApoB? HDL-c is a good marker of risk but probably not a mediator, not a cause
triglycerides appear to be mainly a reflection of the lipoproteins that carry them, ApoB
new trial: lowering triglycerides without changing ApoB didnt affect cardiovascular risk, targeting triglycerides per se may not be very useful for heart disease, the goal is to get the lipoproteins, the ApoB, in the healthy range
saturated fat and low carb: saturated fat raises ApoB, so Dr. Weiss looks at ApoB
calcium score: CAC=0 more meaningful in an older person. a young person with a high calcium score is a concern
calcium is not a good test of whether exposure to high cholesterol for a few years raises risk. statins raise calcium score while lowering cardiovascular risk. Statins have a plaque-stabilizing effect, the calcification may be related to this
are LDL particles harmless if not oxidized? Dr. Weiss considers measuring oxidized particles in circulation and trying to change that value a distraction, best evidence hasn’t shown an effect on cardiovascular risk. apoB in the healthy range is likely to get oxidized anyway
practical ideas on how to eat low carb while minding heart health. low carb doesn't have to mean high cholesterol, we’re not forced to choose between diabetes & high cholesterol
Subscribe for more free nutrition and health tips: bit.ly/2toMJ9u
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103514
2-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2722770
3-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2210645
4-jacc.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.01.036
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:30 ApoB
1:03 Recap: Cholesterol and saturated fat on low carb diets
4:00 Recap: the calcium score (CAC) and statins
5:30 Recap: oxidized lipoproteins
6:34 Dr. Weiss´ diet: Low carb for heart health
12:11 Fat types: oil & butter
14:10 Salt
15:18 Risk factors & importance of not settling
Does high HDL-C and low triglycerides eliminate risk? How about a calcium score of zero? Low Carb Cardiologist Dr. Ethan Weiss addresses common low carb FAQs.
ApoB & ASCVD risk. you can predict per milligram per deciliter reduction in LDL-cholesterol or apoB you'll see a specific reduction in risk
the simplest answer: what's your ApoB? the role of HDL in atherosclerotic coronary disease is fascinating. triglycerides: it's the apoB component of triglycerides probably that contributes to risk, so the simplest way to think about this is what´s your apoB.
statins are not LDL-reducing drugs, or apoB reducing drugs, they're heart attack risk-reducing drugs, they happen to also reduce LDL.
high ApoB and a high HDL-cholesterol.
calcium scoring. the power of zero is much more impactful in an older person. if you have calcium in your arteries at 20 you got a problem. having zero calcium score after three or four or five years of having hypercholesterolemia or high apoB doesn't necessarily tell us much, you could be growing soft plaque. statins can raise calcium score at the same time as they lower risk. statins increase deposition of calcium but they reduce risk.
is it the saturated fat itself or is it the carbs, if I'm on a low carb diet maybe that eliminates the risk? high saturated fat confers high apoB. if your ApoB is still good, from a coronary perspective it's hard for me to go beyond the ApoB. for me it's all driven by ApoB.
oxidized or modified LDL or ApoB. drugs to specifically modulate oxidized LDL independent of overall LDL have all failed. if you have less residence time, if your LDL receptors are upregulated, it's less likely to be modified. monoclonal antibodies against oxidized LDL failed.
next week: low carb diets to maximize cardiovascular health
Subscribe for more free nutrition and health tips: bit.ly/2toMJ9u
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33870931
ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/JAHA.113.000759#d3e917
2- sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1933287413002493
3-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2722770
4-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021915019300024
5-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103514
6-europepmc.org/articles/pmc2988224/bin/mmc1.pdf
7-jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2785586
8-academic.oup.com/jcem/article/105/12/dgaa674/5909161
9-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915021014167
10-https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/246104/9789241565349-eng.pdf
11-academic.oup.com/jn/article/135/9/2075/4664084?login=false
12-jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.06.021
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intro
0:52 How Dr. Weiss got into low carb diets
2:20 High cholesterol on low carb
7:15 HDL-C and triglycerides
10:57 Calcium score
14:22 Saturated fat on low carb
17:07 LDL modification (oxidation etc)
Low carb or fasting? Which is better for weight loss and health in general?
150 men and women with Metabolic Syndrome (metabolic disturbance with ≥3 of high glycemia, high blood pressure, low HDL-C, high triglycerides, obesity
Looking for weight loss and improvement in metabolic parameters
participants randomized onto low carb, fasting or both
low carb: under 130g of carbs a day (26% of calories); very low carb: 20-50g or under 10%.
fasting: participants chose early TRE or late TRE
Body weight reduced on all 3 groups for the 1st 2 months. during 3rd month, only combo group continued to lose weight, the other 2 plateaued
after 3 months combo group had lost the most. fasting TRE lost more than low carb
indicators of fat loss: waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat. all 3 groups reduced those. waist to hip ratio (indicator of abdominal obesity) lower on fasting group, outperformed even combo
health is about a lot more than just weight loss. types of fat. subcutaneous fat vs visceral fat inside body cavity around and inside the organs. All 3 groups lost subcutaneous fat but only the 2 fasting groups lost visceral fat. not low carb alone
other metabolic parameters beyond weight and fat: glucose, lipids or blood pressure. Glucose was surprising. Only the 2 fasting groups improved fasting blood glucose. Low carb alone did not. Uric acid was similar, only the 2 fasting groups saw an improvement. HbA1c, glycated Hb, only combo group saw an improvement. all groups saw a reduction in fasting insulin and insulin resistance.
Only the 2 fasting groups lowered triglycerides and only the combo raised HDL-c
LDL-c was raised on low carb.
“low carb” definition. low carb group ate less than half the carbs of the fasting group. reduced rice, flour, whole grains, potatoes, refined carbs
average carb intake 140-150g/d. so not low carb diet, maybe moderate carb diet
Not specific to low carb, we see this in low fat trials too.
ketosis, in very low carb settings. trial compared ketogenic diet to a low carb but not ketogenic diet matched for calories. 5 and 15% calories from carb respectively. ketones can help suppress appetite
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Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-cell.com/cell-reports-medicine/fulltext/S2666-3791(22)00332-9
2-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899900714003323
3-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261561421001163
4-lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(19)30267-3/fulltext
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New trial compares Low Carb vs Fasting
3:48 Weight Loss
5:45 Types of fat
6:52 Lipids, Glucose, Insulin
9:02 What does it mean
11:45 Was it "low carb"?
13:24 A key threshold for carbs?
Are seed oils inflammatory?
1. seed oil on inflammation
2. Heated seed oil
vegetable oil is inflammatory? Only seed oils are inflammatory? Depends on omega6s, Linoleic acid?
flaxseed oil not inflammatory. omega3 rich, can be anti-inflammatory
canola oil: CRP didn't change
saturated fat vs omega 6s. replaced saturated fat with unsaturated fats (canola and sunflower). no change in inflammatory markers
one trial compared canola to olive oil, found a reduction in CRP on both canola and olive oil
similar to flaxseed oil. anti-inflammatory?
~1tbsp sunflower oil daily. refined oil, treated with chemicals and heated, not cold-pressed. no significant change to CRP
“n-6 PUFA may act as anti-inflammatory”
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Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
mdpi.com/2072-6643/8/3/136/htm
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2405457720302047
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-007-0668-5
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4050683
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27737722
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405399/pdf/40200_2018_Article_343.pdf
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0939475320302349
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691513008612
nature.com/articles/s41430-019-0438-5
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/95/5/1003/4576714
pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2017/fo/c7fo00433h
academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article/20/2/202/5927989
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5587404
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16351767
academic.oup.com/jn/article/141/12/2166/4689010
reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0899900721002057
academic.oup.com/jn/article/148/10/1556/5094775
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19234585
lipidworld.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-511X-13-196
tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07315724.2008.10719674
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23506314
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915002004276
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00262088
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915004000711
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115398/pdf/nihms271497.pdf
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-007-0668-5
pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2017/fo/c7fo00433h
thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0037-1615680
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/112/1/150/5727348
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021915019315758
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/mnfr.201400446
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/89/1/248/4598248
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0939475310002978
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1043466619303515
pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/fo/d0fo00875c/unauth
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483215008299
tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07315724.2011.10719940
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531707000899
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mnfr.201100533
academic.oup.com/advances/article/9/6/688/5090303
ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191627
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21663641
ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.012534
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/109/1/165/5280796?login=false
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Are seed oils inflammatory? Intro
1:36 Schools of thought
2:06 Flaxseed Oil
3:35 Science, Variability & Perception
6:00 Canola Oil
8:02 Sunflower Seed Oil
10:36 Sesame Oil
11:14 Soybean Oil
12:52 Corn Oil
14:00 Hempseed and Grapeseed Oil
14:31 Safflower Oil
15:42 Dose
16:52 Time
18:36 Acute changes in gene expression
19:45 Whole sources of fat
20:33 Heated Seed Oils
24:51 Summary
25:38 Seed Oil vs Junk Food
26:03 Funding
28:01 Biochemical mechanisms
30:42 Genetic variation
31:28 Dietary choices and emotion
3 common myths that complicate weight loss.
Most people focus on their end goal. I want to lose 20lbs. I want to lose 100lbs.
large weight losses are popular but even small weight loss can deliver a lot of health benefits. improving glucose metabolism and ttriglycerides, mood, mobility, pain relief and mortality risk
So even a modest weight loss achievable in a couple weeks delivers significant benefits.
Diabetic patients on weight loss diets can normalize blood glucose levels after 8 days. plenty to look forward to at that early stage of weight loss
"If only I can lose this weight, then my work is done". losing weight is the easy part. common to see weight loss in many studies. cutting back on ultraprocessed stuff brings down weight. but after initial drop, weight loss stops or even bounces back. yo-yo, lose weight but put it back on. when we lose weight our body starts using less energy. energy needed to keep the body running at rest goes down with weight loss.
"I ate the same but I stopped losing weight so calories dont matter"
focusing less on weight loss itself and more on the key habits.
are we genetically set for a certain weight? physiological resistance to weight loss, body works against us when it comes to losing weight and “helps” when it comes to regaining weight
Finding a satiating diet without going overboard on calories. Carbs? Fat?
cutting carbs or fat is about equally effective for weight loss calorie for calorie. vegan diets & animal keto diets can all work for weight loss, but junk food induces overeating
low carb junk or low fat junk: if it´s calorically concentrated it’s going to push you to overconsume
low calorie soda helps with weight loss
When we lose weight our body produces less satiety hormones and more hunger hormones so we’re hungrier.
calories vs hormones. they work together. finding healthier meals & healthier snacks that fill us up with less calories.
people with more intense brain responses to food pictures are at higher risk of weight gain
people who are sleep deprived for only 5 days can gain 2lbs, mainly by eating more and more caloric foods
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Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000092
2-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-011-2204-7
3-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/181605
4-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-abstract/49/1/93/4716282
5-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000250
6-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29677013
7-tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07315724.2020.1869625
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11892-018-1103-4
8-cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30248-7
9-onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/obr.13020
10-academic.oup.com/jcem/article/83/1/214/2865196
nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa012908
11-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22514316
12-pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1216951110
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Weight loss Myths
0:39 Even modest weight loss has large benefits
2:12 Weight loss vs weight maintenance
4:11 Is there a "set point" for body weight?
4:50 Key factors for weight loss: nutrition
7:48 Weight Loss and the Brain
8:35 The role of Sleep
9:07 Life "hacks"
Saturated fat: villain and bogeyman in cardiovascular disease?
Saturated fat is an emotional topic. Saturated fat raises cardiovascular disease if it's too high.
Saturated fat isn’t bad. Health-promoting foods have Saturated fat.
Replacing Saturated fat replaced with refined carbs doesn't help.
Whole grains lower risk. Unsaturated fats also. PUFA, the lowest.
Source of saturated fat matters. fish has saturated fat but also PUFAs. Dark chocolate is high in Saturated fat but its stearic acid which.
we see benefit of saturated fat moderation in RCTs, usually PUFA is best. MUFA or carb, less consistent.
UK Biobank: no evidence that saturated fat intake was associated with CVD, cardiovascular disease. Replacing saturated fat with MUFA or protein was associated with lower risk of death and CVD.
Replacing saturated fat with starch or sugar (refined carbs) was associated with lower total death.
PUFAs can come in fatty fish, nuts, seeds, vegetable oil, or in junk foods that contain PUFA oils. Saturated fat was associated with lower ischemic heart disease.
saturated fat replaced with PUFA benefits CVD. PUFA consumption in place of saturated fat would reduce CHD.
Linoleic acid replacing saturated fat associated with lower CHD and. Replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat prevents CHD
Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
1-academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac194/6691821
2-
2015 edition: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26068959
2020 edition: cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3/full
3-sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109715046914
4-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510
5-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/91/3/535/4597110%20
6-acpjournals.org/doi/abs/10.7326/m13-1788
7-www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(09)00332-8/abstract
lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(21)00248-8/fulltext
8-mdpi.com/2227-9032/5/2/29/htm
9-ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/JAHA.120.019814
10-lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(21)00248-8/fulltext
11-sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673617322523
12-bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m688
13-mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/17/3603/htm
14-academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/103/2/356/4564754
15-nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1800389
16-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29511019
17-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27543472
18-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25161045
19-journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1000252
20-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28125802
21-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26746178
22-bmj.com/content/346/bmj.e8707
23-bmj.com/content/353/bmj.i1246
24-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526025
25-bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h3978.long
26-foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/680
27-nmcd-journal.com/article/S0939-4753(17)30237-5/fulltext
28-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32307197
29-clinicalnutritionjournal.com/article/S0261-5614(20)30355-1/fulltext
30-jacc.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.077
31-lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(21)00248-8/fulltext
32-link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02535856
33-food-guide.canada.ca/en/guidelines
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 New Review
0:47 Dose
2:49 Replacement
6:42 Source
8:10 Standing questions
9:25 Rationale
10:00 Epidemiology
21:36 RCTs
23:05 Meta-analyses etc
28:08 The final analysis
32:35 Conclusion of the Review
34:03 Skepticism
34:54 Anatomy of Confusion
36:40 Scientific communication
38:24 The cycle of social media
40:21 Evolution
41:34 Saturated Fat: harmful or neutral?
42:10 Take-home message
The usual extremes, “cholesterol is poison everyone should eat zero cholesterol" vs “cholesterol is always harmless”.
We cover cholesterol absorption in the intestine, the effect on serum cholesterol, tests of absorption status, and actionable advice to lower risk.
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Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-56514-5_13
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520401099
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3965667
nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1405386
https://boris.unibe.ch/64847/1/NEJMc1500124.pdf
academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/28/2618/5875424
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/109/1/7/5266898
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfbc.13263
gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(04)02028-1/fulltext
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
2:09 How the body regulates cholesterol levels
3:28 Intestinal absorption
6:17 Esterified vs free cholesterol
13:14 The Niemann-Pick, an intestinal cholesterol gateway
16:46 Individual variability
20:10 What happens to cholesterol after absorption
30:18 The microbiome & cholesterol
31:58 Phytosterols & other supplements
35:48 Testing your cholesterol absorption
40:27 Pharmacological Management
43:45 Recap
Connect with me:
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
10 vegan myths full video:
youtube.com/watch?v=e8Vf9Aixn5A
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924224419310532
academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/105/6/1462/4569801?login=false
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2540540
academic.oup.com/ije/article/50/1/223/6067620?login=false
nature.com/articles/s41430-018-0310-z
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/203640
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
0:50 Is eating fish unhealthy?
2:30 Are plants more health-promoting than fish?
3:48 Vegans vs Pescaterians
4:55 Reconciling environmental concerns and health data
6:30 What about the saturated fat?
6:41 Contaminants (mercury, PCBs, dioxins)
Part II of the statin series focuses on diabetes.
In some trials statins raise risk of diabetes, in others statins have no significant effect, in others statins lower risk of diabetes.
some meta-analyses find statins raise risk of diabetes, others find no significant effect of statins on risk of diabetes.
risk of diabetes on a statin are determined by diabetes risk factors, statin dose and statin type.
people with risk factors for diabetes (obesity, Metabolic syndrome, pre diabetes; fasting glucose or glycated hemoglobin above normal but not in diabetic range), statins reduce cardiovascular risk (heart attacks, strokes) but increase risk of diabetes. For people without diabetes risk factors, statin reduces cardiovascular outcomes with no significant increase in diabetes risk
risk of diabetes on a statin mainly a concern for people already at risk of diabetes; both with and without diabetes risk factors the benefits of the statin outweigh the risks
“cardiovascular and mortality benefits of statin exceed diabetes hazard, including among those at higher risk for developing diabetes”
absolute terms: 2 cardiovascular events avoided per new case of diabetes, in people at higher risk of diabetes
Some statins raise diabetes risk, some don't. e.g. Pravastatin and pitavastatin
talking to a cardiologist I would factor in diabetes risk factors, consider lower dose or a statin that doesn´t raise risk and follow fasting glucose and HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin
why do some statins raise risk of diabetes? they may raise BMI which raises insulin resistance & diabetes. maintaining healthy body weight via diet and exercise while on a statin may lower risk
Sometimes people claim statins double risk of diabetes based on observational studies. when adjusted, the effect is cut in half and fasting blood glucose becomes non significant. Also, the effect differed by statin type, it was strongest with atorvastatin and not significant with most other statins like pravastatin or pitavastatin
most long observational studies show a diabetes risk of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, while pravastatin and pitavastatin show no significant effect
based on this, I would assess diabetes risk factors, obesity, pre-diabetes, i´d lean toward statins that don´t increase risk, e.g. pravastatin or pitavastatin, If we need atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, i´d favor moderate dose. If it doesnt bring cholesterol down enough, i´d rather add ezetimibe or pcsk9 inhibitors rather than crank up statin dose.
and keep an eye on glycemia and keep lifestyle healthy
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0807646
diabetesjournals.org/care/article/26/10/2713/26138/Secondary-Prevention-of-Cardiovascular-Events-With
ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.CIR.103.3.357
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pds.4020
http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~juku-PT/pharmacother/lancet2010.pdf
bmj.com/content/bmj/374/bmj.n1537.full.pdf
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2795522
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3774022
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6047411/pdf/ehy182.pdf
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673616313575
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/646699
thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(22)00916-3/fulltext
ahajournals.org/doi/epdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061620
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021915015013519
care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2021/11/16/dc21-1284.abstract
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-015-3528-5
cardiab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12933-022-01524-6
academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/37/11/908/2398344
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
0:52 Disclaimer
1:20 The setup
3:12 Statins & Diabetes risk
5:24 Diabetes risk factors
10:39 Statin dose
12:53 Statin types
15:24 Putting them together
16:46 Mechanisms
17:20 Observational evidence
20:08 Funding
20:52 Summary
22:24 Importance of information quality
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Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/014067369091656U
cdn.mdedge.com/files/s3fs-public/Document/September-2017/JFP_06307_Article1.pdf
acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/0003-4819-121-5-199409010-00007
ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/circulationaha.108.773747
ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033214
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673622001222
Full 1h30min video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8Vf9Aixn5A
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
1:08 The Esselstyn report
3:21 The Ornish trial
7:29 Mediterranean diet & Plaque reversal
9:39 The bottom line
Connect with me:
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Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD011737.pub3/full
lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(21)00248-8/fulltext
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
0:33 Saturated Fat & science communication
3:19 Controversial topics
7:09 Information sources
8:54 Cultivating Healthy Skepticism
Today we take a look at lp(a). Dr. Tom Dayspring goes over what is lp(a) and why it raises cardiovascular risk.
Cholesterol travels in lipoproteins. LDL and HDL. low density lipoprotein and HDL high density lipoprotein
LDLs carry ApoB, a protein that wraps around the LDL. we can measure ApoB, it equals number of lipoproteins in that family
We can measure the content of lipoproteins, lipid panel contains LDL-cholesterol=how much cholesterol is carried in LDL lipoproteins
lp(a) is a type of LDL. lp(a) is an exception. most ApoB-carrying lipoproteins are equally atherogenic. Small LDLs, large LDLs, VLDLs. lp(a) is an outlier
most of us have low lp(a). genetically determined. ~20% have high lp(a)
tests of lp(a). we can measure number of lp(a) lipoproteins (nmol/L) or mass (in mg/dL)
Everyone should measure lp(a) once. lp(a) raises cardiovascular risk
high lp(a): managing other risk factors: healthy diet, physical activity, body weight, not smoking, blood pressure, diabetes and apoB
70% lower risk in people with high lp(a) when lifestyle and risk factors under control
statins dont lower lp(a) but statins lower risk in people with high lp(a)
PCSK9 inhibitors lower lp(a) by 25-30%
New meds in development. Reduce lp(a) by 80%
saturated fat lowers lp(a) but raises ApoB. other studies show reduction of lp(a) on lower saturated fat diets
Trans fats increase lp(a) but most are banned from the market in the US
no diet demonstrated for lp(a) specifically but diet can help with risk factors like ApoB and BP
Summary: measure lp(a) once
References:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2790914
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31147269
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915016314782
academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/34/13/982/484905
atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(22)00183-6/fulltext
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002604951100240X
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6489854
Peter Attia´s podcast: www.youtube.com/watch?v=4H0mVPKsGG8
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
1:51 Overview. Lipoproteins & lp(a)
3:10 What is lp(a)
4:26 lp(a) raises cardiovascular risk
6:41 How to measure lp(a)
11:17 Other risks
12:45 Management
20:02 Nutrition
21:40 Summary and resources
New Intermittent Fasting study. Intermittent Fasting=restricting eating to specific time windows. 16:8=eating in 8h window, fasting for remaining 16h
fasting involves 2 factors. Not eating for blocks of time can help reduce total calories if we dont completely compensate during the eating windows. and depending what time of day we eat there may be a circadian effect so that eating the same food at different times may have a different physiological impact. eating earlier in the day seems physiologically better than eating later
new trial looks at 16:8 earlier in the day
1) does eating earlier in the day without cutting calories have a benefit?
2) Does 16:8 give you additional benefit on top of cutting calories? New trial looked at 16:8 on top of restricting calories
volunteers restricted calories (500 calories less) and half ate their food only during an 8h window early in the day, the other half ate in a wider window. the goal was to have them eat same foods, same calories, just eaten at different times
Both groups lost weight (both cut calories). the group on 16:8 lost more.
Does that mean fasting wins? we can lose weight by losing muscle. or fat.
both groups lost fat. 16:8 completers lost more fat. \
Does 16:8 deliver other benefits beyond weight loss? 16:8 also lowered diastolic blood pressure and improved mood.
41% of 16:8 completers plan to continue with 16:8 early in the day
authors suspect 16:8 reduced energy intake more. stronger caloric deficit on 16:8?
additional benefits due to eating less calories? are there extra benefits of circadian effect we can’t get just by controlling calories?
previous study on intermittent fasting, also 16:8 + calorie restriction, no added benefit of 16:8. 16:8 might have an effect in some contexts.
Headlines: 16:8 protocol provides no benefit vs 16:8 bolster weight loss
bigger weight loss may have masked effect of 16:8? contrast between eating window of control group and 16:8 group?
If true, eating in 10h window vs 8 may not provide much benefit
16:8 or any type of fasting can help restrict calories. there may be a circadian effect on top. TBD
What about autophagy? Even when we talk about autophagy, viewers want more on autophagy. Let´s talk autophagy
what’s autophagy? autophagy is removal of damaged components in the cell. like the housekeeping and renovation of the cell
in mice the benefits of fasting depend on autophagy, when you inhibit autophagy, the benefits are lost. does that mean everybody should fast because of autophagy?
several things activate autophagy. Fasting, Exercise, eating less calories, oxidative stress. so its not exclusive to fasting
not as simple as autophagy=good. autophagy is thought to play many beneficial roles but In some diseases autophagy may have both beneficial & harmful effects. so roles of autophagy not entirely clear
we should focus on health benefits whether they work thought autophagy or not
Fasting is a valid way to control calories. eating earlier may or may not have additional circadian effect independent from calories
Whether fast or do 16:8 or not, key is food quality and total calories
Whatever helps you achieve that. fasting or not. 16:8 or not
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2794819
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2794822
edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18714204
nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114833
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/auto.21327
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163718301478?
mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3289/htm
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867407016856
aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/66/19/9349/526257/Autophagy-in-Cancer-Good-Bad-or-Both
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Intermittent Fasting and 16:8
1:26 The new trial. Results and implications
5:39 Context of previous findings
8:26 Summary
8:42 Autophagy
11:41 The Bottomline
A new study looked at health consequences of consuming artificial sweeteners.
They focused on soda which is the #1 source of added sugars in many western countries.
Prior studies found people who consume more diet soda tend to have higher risk of weight gain, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, even risk of dying.
This doesn’t tell us if drinking diet soda causes these problems. People most likely to consume a lot of diet soda are the ones worried about their weight, who are already obese, with a history of struggling with weight.
The new analysis tries to increase chance of looking at actual effect of diet soda on health.
Looked diet soda vs regular soda, water vs regular soda and diet soda vs water.
Diet soda outperformed regular soda. Lower body weight, BMI, risk of death
Water outperformed regular soda. Lower body weight, body fat, BMI, risk of diabetes
water vs diet soda, they didn’t find any significant differences in body weight, BMI, diabetes, stroke
meta of RCTs found sweetners helped reduce weight/BMI compared to regular sugar. one found sweetners reduced energy intake compared to regular sucrose and reduced BMI
Do they raise glucose or cholesterol?
In that same trial there was no significant effect of sweetners on HbA1c, insulin resistance, cholesterol or triglycerides
another one looked at stevia. it reduced diastolic blood pressure and fasting glucose. no significant effect on blood lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides
one looked at saccharin (Sweet n low). no effect on glucose metabolism. glucose and insulin response to a meal unchanged
one saw no effect of sweeteners on triglycerides or cholesterol; In ppl with normal LDL-cholesterol, small increase
sucralose (Splenda): no change in fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol. postprandial glucose and insulin a little higher
overall sweeteners help with weight loss compared to sugar
artificial sweetners are extremely sweet, hundreds of times sweeter than sugar. aspartame is 200x sweeter than sugar and Sucralose in Splenda is 600 times sweeter than regular sugar. Stevia is intermediate, 200-400x sweeter
1 study: artificial sweeteners, especially aspartame and acesulfame-K, associated with cancer
study: changes in microbiome of mice taking artificial sweeteners. saccharin in humans changed microbiome. larger trial: saccharin did not change microbiome
if sweetners help cut back on sugar, data indicates Sweeteners trump sugar.
cut back on artificial sweetners? avoid relapse to sugar. better off with artificial sweetner
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/8/1917/147303
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/obr.13020
link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1741-7015-9-123
nature.com/articles/s41366-020-00704-2
academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article/22/12/1575/5926348
microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-020-00976-w
mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/2/434/htm
journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040005
fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/additional-information-about-high-intensity-sweeteners-permitted-use-food-united-states
nhs.uk/conditions/phenylketonuria
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23909813
journals.plos.org/Plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003950
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S027869151300495X
nature.com/articles/nature13793
microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-020-00976-w
mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/2/434/htm
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho
0:00 Introduction
0:44 Prior concerns with Artificial Sweeteners
2:34 New study
3:53 Uncertainty in science
4:32 Randomized trials
7:34 Funding
10:49 Animal data
11:35 Specific conditions
11:58 Artificial Sweeteners & Cancer
12:42 Artificial Sweeteners & the microbiome
14:02 The bottomline
16:17 Practical strategies
Connect with Prof. Jacka:
https://www.deakin.edu.au/about-deakin/people/felice-jacka
https://foodandmoodcentre.com.au/team/felice-jacka/
twitter.com/FeliceJacka
instagram.com/proffelicejacka/?hl=en
Connect with me:
Facebook: facebook.com/DrGilCarvalho
Twitter: twitter.com/NutritionMadeS3
Animations: Even Topland @toplandmedia
References:
mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/3/859
cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(16)30592-X
translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-017-1175-y
nature.com/articles/nature11234
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1043276016000357
frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00548/full
sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0092867421007546
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jgh.13688
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jgh.13686
https://www.mcri.edu.au/news-stories/researchers-discover-immune-system-changes-support-peanut-allergy-remission-children
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/all.15324
Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.
#NutritionMadeSimple #GilCarvalho #FeliceJacka #FiberIntolerance
0:00 Introduction
1:09 The microbiome & fiber
2:00 Microbiome Diversity
3:19 Fermented foods vs fiber
6:00 Low FODMAP diets
8:08 Re-introduction and desensitization