Attenuators and Preamps - Oscilloscope Front End Design (part 3) Keysight Labs 2024-10-17 | Attenuators and Preamps - Oscilloscope Front End Design (part 3)
RF Connectors - Why so many? Keysight Labs 2022-12-12 | Why are there so many RF connectors? Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄A quick look SMA, BNC, F-type RF connectors.It's all about frequency and power loss.BNC connectors / BNC cables:Maximum frequency: 4 - 15 GHz *actual frequency depends on specific componentInsertion loss: 0.2 dB at 3 GHz typicalImpedance: typically 50Ω or 75ΩBenefit : easy to use, inexpensive, robustF-Type connector / F connector:Maximum frequency: 1-3 GHzInsertion loss: 0.5dB at 1 GHz typicalImpedance: 75ΩBenefit: low costSMA connector / Sub-miniature Version AMaximum frequency: 18-27 GHzInsertion loss: 0.17 dB at 10 GHz typicalImpedance: 50ΩBenefit: high performance#RF #RFengineering #electronics #electricalengineering #hamradio #RFconnector #BNCcable #SMAconnector #Fconnector #Ftypeconnector #shorts
Engineering Trivia (Trick Question) Keysight Labs 2022-11-15 | Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄
A Safe Enough Car? Keysight Labs 2022-10-08 | is it "safe enough?"Sign up for Keysight World Innovate: https://keysig.ht/1rFUzcClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄0:00 The safest car in the world0:26 Safety tradeoffs and naturalistic driving studies1:30 Autonomous driving equationTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoff @Keysight Technologies, Inc. #autonomouscars #technology #automotive #automotiveengineering #electricalengineering #engineering #keysight #KeysightWorld #Cars #selfdriving #autopilot
The Crazy Future of 5G Keysight Labs 2022-10-04 | 5G tech has a lot more coming!Sign up for Keysight World Innovate: https://keysig.ht/BZRf5EClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄00:00 5G towers are everywhere00:29 You can build your own private 5G network00:56 Private and Public 5G Network technology01:26 how 5G benefits humanity02:22 Keysight World InnovateHelpful Links:EEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoff#5g #5GEngineering #5GPrivateNetwork #5GCellular #5Gnetwork #6G #6GNetwork #6Gtechnology #Keysight #5GKeysight #5Gtechnology #Private5G
The fastest signal Ive ever seen #shorts Keysight Labs 2022-07-01 | A 300+ GHz signal as part of a 6G research test setup in actionClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄The equipment used in this video:Keysight M8195A 65 GSa/s arbitrary waveform generator:keysight.com/us/en/product/M8195A/65-gsa-s-arbitrary-waveform-generator.htmlKeysight E8267D 44 GHz PSG Signal Generator:keysight.com/us/en/product/E8267D/psg-vector-signal-generator-100-khz-44-ghz.htmlVirginia Diodes WR-3.4 VNA Extendervadiodes.com/en/wr3-4vnaxKeysight UXR1002A 100 GHz Oscilloscope:keysight.com/us/en/products/oscilloscopes/infiniium-real-time-oscilloscopes/infiniium-uxr-series-oscilloscopes.htmlKeysight 89600 Pathwave Vector Signal Analysis:keysight.com/us/en/products/software/pathwave-test-software/89600-vsa-software.html#electricalengineering #6g #5g #wireless #rfengineering #rf #keysight #vdi #signalanalyzer #signalgenerator #upconverter #rfmicrowave #shorts
Inside the WILD Lab of CuriousMarc Keysight Labs 2022-06-14 | Vintage test gear and Apollo hardware - holy moly you have to see this incredible lab!Subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄CuriousMarc's channel: youtube.com/curiousmarcCheck out the insane lab that CuriousMarc calls home. Vintage NASA Apollo space technology, retro computing, old school test equipment, oscilloscope music, and more!Twitter: @DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/DanielBogdanoff@curious_marctwitter.com/curious_marc0:00 "I never turned everything on at the same time"0:37 NASA Apollo space communication tech1:37 The most insane clock collection3:25 1960s HP's 1st computer and test rack5:06 More Apollo gear5:55 CuriousMarc's engineering crew6:27 Machine shop6:48 Welded discrete RF systems from NASA9:05 The Xerox Alto from 197410:38 Marc's prestigious engineering background11:55 The first HP logic analyzer, which uses Intel's 1st chip12:30 Oscilloscope music in the "low frequency corner"13:13 How Marc's collection started - a 10 GHz oscilloscope13:48 1964 IBM 360 computer restoration project16:35 CuriousMarc channel origin story#retrotech #vintagetech #curiousmarc #retrocomputer #testequipment #labtour #labequipment #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #technology #tech #nasa #space
vFIRE - A Fireside Experience for Engineers Keysight Labs 2021-12-16 | Keysight’s Virtual Festive Internet Relaxation Experience (vFIRE) sets a new industry standard. Subscribe ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_subContact us for more about our FaaS offerings (Fire as a Service)Featuring 5025 seconds of log burning enjoyment. vFIRE leverages cutting-edge Keysight tech including a 28.5 GHz P5004A VNA, a U5857A Thermal Camera, and a DSOX1204G X-Series Oscilloscope to finally answer the age-old question - what is the RF performance of a glass of eggnog? From the warm glow of our monitors to yours, may all of your beverages have the tastiest S21 and S11 measurements. (requires option P5004A–190). *Note: per the legal team’s guidance, the original project name “COAL” or "Coaxially-Optimized Artificial Log" has been discontinued and should no longer be used pending arbitration with THE NORTH POLE, LLC.If you're wondering about the VNA setup (I know that's why you're here), the yellow trace is S11, the blue trace is S21.The start frequency is roughly 10 kHz and the stop frequency is roughly 8 GHz. I could have gone higher but I didn't want to stick my fancy cables into boiling water.Each vertical division is roughly 10-15 dB.The oscilloscope is hooked up to those red lights and is in normal trigger mode (if you pause just right you can see the lights turning back on).0:00 Keysight vFIRE2:00 cream soda2:20 virtual fire side experience begins18:20 ginger ale19:00 vFIRE is v fire28:55 stoked30:35 stoked and stockinged32:55 just stoked again35:55 egg noggin50:45 way too late in the day for breakfast tea52:40 tape was a bad choice53:15 I got 99 probelems54:00 I've been advised the tape is not edible54:20 tape was a REALLY bad choice54:35 regretting my cable choices55:55 that S21 looks pretty ok!58:35 watching the S21 is a vibe1:01:41 Imma let you finish but Beyonce had1:02:55 udderly delicious1:03:10 why did I double down on the tape!?1:05:40 taaaaape1:05:47 cookie1:06:28 surprise cookie1:12:02 hot cocoa1:13:10 needs moar cocoa1:17:11 turns out the scope is in "normal" trigger mode1:19:15 cookie dough1:20:18 another snowman casualty pls f in chat1:21:00 I still have cookie dough in my SMA send help1:23:25 om nom
I hacked electroBOOMs face Keysight Labs 2021-10-24 | Look at me, I'm the hacker nowSee Woz live! Sign up: ► bit.ly/TestAutomationEventClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄I trained a machine learning model / neutral network / AI to think I'm a hacker and also electroBOOM!Machine learning sites I used for this video:teachablemachine.withgoogle.com (try it for yourself!)playground.tensorflow.orghttps://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/convnetjs/demo/classify2d.htmlFollow me on Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoff#MachineLearning #AI #ArtificialInitelligence #software #softwaretest #salesforce #testautomation #Developers #algorithm #ML #electroBOOM
Peek Inside a Prototype Testing Lab Keysight Labs 2021-04-27 | Lab tour - shaking & baking prototype test gearRegister to win test gear ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Click to subscribe - http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub0:00 Inside a prototype testing lab0:50 Probe flex testing1:25 Helmholtz coil testing2:12 Pull / strain relief test2:45 HALT Testing - Highly Accelerated Life Testing (temp chambers)4:40 Capacitor Quality Testing and Power Supply Testing5:15 Shake Testing 6:45 Anechoic chamber testingKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ More info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/Keysight#LabTour #prototypetesting #hardwaretests #HALTtest #acceleratedlifetesting #hardwaretesting #hardwarelabtest #keysightlab #keysightuniversity #probetesting #probetest #temperaturetest #temperaturechamber
Dont use a multimeter like this Keysight Labs 2021-04-20 | I'm not saying these are great multimeter tips, I'm just saying they work.Register to win test gear ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub00:00 A bad digital multimeter idea00:20 A digital multimeter (DMM) as a current source1:21 A digital multimeter as a fused jumperCheck out the new Keysight Smart Bench Essentials equipment:keysight.com/us/en/cmp/2021/keysight-smart-bench-essentials-test-instruments.htmlBenchtop 5.5 Digit DMM, EDU34450A:keysight.com/us/en/product/EDU34450A/smart-bench-essentials-digital-multimeter-5-5-digit.htmlKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ More info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcasts#MultimeterTips #DigitalMultimeter #ResistanceMeasurement #DMMCurrentSource #DMM #Multimeter #Ohmmeter #MeasureResistance #UseaDMM #KeysightDMM #SmartbenchEssentials #keysight #electronics #electricalengineering
Smith Chart Basics + VNA Paperclip Test Keysight Labs 2021-04-13 | The basics of how to use a Smith Chart and the RF performance of a paperclipRegister to win test gear ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ 00:00 Getting Started00:27 How to Plot Complex Impedances on a Smith Chart01:30 Open and short circuits on the Smith Chart01:40 Normalized impedances and impedance matching on the Smith Chart02:25 Smith Charts over changing frequencies02:47 Testing a paperclip's RF performance with a Smith Chart and VNA04:30 Testing Mega Clippy's RF antenna performance with a Smith Chart and VNAMore info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightThe USB Streamline Series VNA I used (P5004A):keysight.com/us/en/products/network-analyzers/streamline-series-usb-vector-network-analyzers/p50xxa-streamline-series-usb-vector-network-analyzers.htmlToday we’re going explore Smith Chart basics, and then use that information to learn about the RF performance of a paperclip. Would this make a good antenna, at what frequencies does it resonate?A Smith chart makes this really easy to see.Smith Charts look scary at first, but they’re not once you know what’s going on. Let’s start with a complex impedance, say .5 + j1.1.If you plot out this impedance on the complex plane, our X-Axis is our real component, or resistance, and the Y-Axis is our imaginary component, or inductance and capacitance. Inductors are positive, capacitors are negative. And you can plot it! We see where our real component .5 and our imaginary component, 1.1, meet, and we plot it. Simple Algebra 1 stuff.A smith chart is basically this graph, but you curl it in on itself into a circle.This might seem weird, because all of these axis go to infinity. It would be hard to plot infinity resistance on this, but with the Smith Chart we can. And, an open circuit is infinite resistance, infinity is not some weird edge case for electronics – open circuits are everywhere!So to plot the same .5 + j1.1 on the Smith Chart, we do the same thing we did before, we find .5 on the real axis, and +1.1 on the imaginary axis and draw a spot where they meet. It’s Algebra 1 but it’ll impress and confuse all the business majors.We have an open circuit – infinite impedance on the far right, and a short circuit or 0 impedance on the far left. And literally everything in between.The Smith chart now gets more complicated for two reasons. Reason number one is that all this is normalized information.For example, RF folks like 50 ohm systems, so if we had an impedance of 75 + j40, we’d end up with a normalized impedance of 1.5 + j.8 and we can plot it.In an ideal world, our generator and load are impedance matched, so we end up with 1 + j0 right in the middle. We get the best transmission, the transmission coefficient is 1, the reflection coefficient is 0, and our VSWR is 1. The Smith Chart tells us that! We can also use this information to design impedance matching networks to move a point from non-ideal to ideal. This is easier with a combined smith chart that has both impedance and admittance, but we’re not going there today.The second reason this gets complicated is that impedance is dependent on frequency. And everything is a combination of resistance, inductance, and capacitance. So, naturally, as our frequency changes so does our impedance.So at one frequency we have one nice point, but in RF engineering we care about a range of frequencies so we often end up with some sort of curve as our frequencies change. This is really nice, though, because we get a picture of our system as frequencies change.#SmithChart #SmithChartBasics #SmithChartTutorial #RFEngineering #AntennaMeasurement #SmithChartAntenna #SmithChartVNA #SmithChartNetworkAnalyzer #VNA #PaperclipVNA #PaperclipAntenna #NetworkAnalyzer #RFEngineeringTutorial
Printed Circuit Bling - An Open Source Art PCB Toolchain Keysight Labs 2021-04-06 | Custom PCB scope labels and the world's first PCB time lapse!Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ More info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightMore Art PCB links and folks (in no particular order):Eurocircuits video:youtu.be/sIV0icM_UjoOSH Park PCB Art:blog.oshpark.com/tag/pcb-artInkscape:inkscape.orgKiCad EDA:kicad.orgThomas Flummer:twitter.com/thomasflummerMiniSAM:minifigboards.comtwitter.com/bwshockleyFrankenbadge:twitter.com/Dr_n0psl3d/status/1153696190619406342TwinkleTwinkie:twitter.com/mrtwinkletwinksqearlsalazartindie.com/stores/sqearlsalazarHackaday articles:hackaday.com/tag/pcb-art0:00 Art PCBs1:21 Understand PCB Fabrication for Art PCBs3:44 How to make an Art PCB with Inkscape, svg2shenzen, and KiCad6:24 Making a PCB time lapse 7:05 PCB time lapse results#ArtPCB #PrinteCircuitBoardArt #Badgelife #circuitart #artboard #PCB #HowtomakeaPCB #PCBFab #Oshpark #eurocircuits #keysight #keysightuniversitylive #electronics #PCBtutorial #ArtPCBtutorial
The E**tro Turbo Encabulator rev1.4.21 Keysight Labs 2021-04-01 | Legal and corporate have instructed the release of this modified video.Subscribe ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_subUnapproved Turbo Encabulator Release and Reviews: youtu.be/fltOyddlnOETwitter:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/Keysight00:00 Legal Notice00:23 Synergies and ********00:32 The Infractionally ******tric E***tro Trubo Encabulator01:05 The z******ing and delightful ********01:20 A****r***sted T***defe****I've been given this statement to read thanks to our "unreasonably talented" and dingle-arm-wielding IP lawyers. What follows is a revised, approved version of the E***tro Turbo Encabulator video formerly known in some ******* circles as the ****************** project.Here at Keysight technologies, thanks to synergistic ******** global enterprise ****************, work has been proceeding to perfect ************.This instrument is the infractionally ***entric E***tro Turbo Encabulator. Now basically ******** ** ******** ******** conductors and fl***es ********-*.**** *** ** ******** and capacitive directance. To avoid the typical ****** of the analogarithmic graticules, seven hydrocoptic marzlevanes were fitted to the ambifacient electro wane shaft.Much to our delight ********************************.Moreover, ****************.But you should be cautious of the ********phonics******** throughout the stack. The E***tro Turbo Encabulator will be made available for sale on April 1st with a pricing on a **************** per electron.#TurboEncabulator #Encabulator #Keysight #KeysightTechnologies #Technobabble #electronics #electricalengineering #marzlevanes #wainshaft
The Electro Turbo Encabulator Keysight Labs 2021-03-30 | At last. The Electro Turbo Encabulator releases April 1stWin Free Gear & Register for Keysight University Live: ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subLearn more about the Turbo Encabulator: connectlp.keysight.com/turboencabulatorHuge thanks to all our reviewers! (except for that EEVblog guy, what's it going to take to make him happy?)The Signal Path:youtube.com/TheSignalPathBlogZack Freedman:youtube.com/ZackFreedmanThe Plasma Channel:youtube.com/plasmachannelBig Clive (dot com):youtube.com/bigcliveEEVblog:youtube.com/eevblogyoutube.com/eevblog2Andreas Spiess:youtube.com/channel/UCu7_D0o48KbfhpEohoP7YSQElectroBOOM:youtube.com/electroboom Marco Reps:youtube.com/marcorepsKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ More info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/Keysight00:00 Introducing the Electro Turbo Encabulator00:27 Global synergies yield exciting innovations00:57 How the Electro Turbo Encabulator Works1:24 Hydrocoptic harzlevanes quelch side fumbling1:56 Applications for the Electro Turbo Encabulator2:49 The Signal Path Blog Review3:53 Zack Freedman Voidstar Lab Review4:44 Plasma Channel Review4:54 Marco Reps Review5:36 Big Clive Review6:48 EEVblog Review8:31 Andreas Spiess Review9:30 ElectroBOOM ReviewOverview:Here at Keysight Technologies, thanks to synergistic efforts between global enterprise research teams, work has been proceeding to perfect the crudely conceived idea of a measurement toolchain that would not only supply inverse reactive current for use in unilateral phase detractors, but would also be capable of intamatically synchronizing cardinal grammeters. This instrument is the infractionally concentric electro turbo encabulator.Now basically the only new principle involved is that instead of power being generated by the relative motion of conductors and fluxes, it is produced by the modial interaction of magneto-reluctance and capacitive directance.The original machine had an acquisition signal path of pre-famulated amulite surmounted by a malleable logarithmic casing in such a way that the two spurving resonators were in a direct line with the panametric phase noise depositer. To avoid the typical retrogrogursion of the analogarithmic graticules, six hydrocoptic marzlevanes were fitted to the ambifacient electro waneshaft. Much to our delight, this effectively quelched the resonant side fumbling.The main winding was of the analog-style lotus-o-delta orientation, placed in the panendermic semi-boloid slots of the stator, with alternating ectapacitive and inductuous conductors connected to a reverse biasing cathode follower. This connects to the differential amplicater coil on the “up” end of the molecular angstrometer.The electro turbo encabulator has now reached a high level of development, and it’s being successfully used in the operation of quantized entaglement realizers. Moreover, whenever a forescent skor motion is required, it may also be employed in conjunction with a drawn reciprocation dingle arm, to reduce cosinusoidal repleneration.Goniometric data curves are supplied upon request, but you should be cautious of the quasistatic regeneration oscillator vibraphonics. Although you may be tempted, do not use caged electrolytic resistors or sequential transpositioners or the molecular wiring path length will be compromised throughout the stack.The electro-turbo Encabulator will be made available for sale on April 1st, with pricing on a “if you have to ask” basis.For more details, education, and your chance to win one of these, go to the Keysight University Live using the link below – some of today’s winners are here, and I’ll see you over there.#turboencabulator #electroturboencabulator #encabulator #engineering #eevblog #keysight #keysightlabs #zackfreedman #andreasspiess #plasmachannel #TheSignalPath #MarcoReps #bigclive #electroboom
Hack: RC Car meets Function Generator Keysight Labs 2021-03-23 | Can I drive my RC car through an obstacle course... WITH JUST A FUNCTION GENERATOR?Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings on the Keysight University Live web page each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Register to win during Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄ More info about Keysight University Live on our blog:blogs.keysight.com/blogs/tech.entry.html/2021/02/03/keysight_university-BAVO.htmlTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightBenchtop Function Generator, EDU33210A:keysight.com/us/en/products/waveform-and-function-generators/smart-bench-essentials-waveform-function-generators.htmlBenchLink Waveform Builder Pro 33503A:keysight.com/us/en/product/33503A/benchlink-waveform-builder-pro-software.htmlCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsCheck out the new Keysight Smart Bench Essentials equipment:keysight.com/us/en/cmp/2021/keysight-smart-bench-essentials-test-instruments.htmlBenchtop Power Supply, EDU36311A:keysight.com/us/en/product/EDU36311A/smart-bench-essentials-dc-power-supply-triple-outputs.htmlBenchtop 5.5 Digit DMM, EDU34450A:keysight.com/us/en/product/EDU34450A/smart-bench-essentials-digital-multimeter-5-5-digit.htmlKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcasts00:00 Introduction00:21 Hacking an RC Car remote control01:15 Spoofing the potentiometer control values02:13 Checking steering control02:58 Using voltage limits on a waveform function generator03:26 Checking steering and throttle control04:13 Recording signals with an oscilloscope and replaying them with a function generator05:46 A function generator controlling an RC Car! Controlling a remote control car with a function generator sounds like it should be easy, but it was a tricky electronics hack!Because it's a 2.4 GHz remote control system, a 20 MHz function generator like the EDU33212A we used couldn't directly control the RC car. So, instead we hacked the potentiometers in the throttle control and the steering wheel.First, we tested to make sure we could control both the steering and the throttle independently. We also learned the importance of using voltage limits in the process. Once we had basic control of the electronics figured out setup an obstacle course in the Keysight hallways. We drove the RC car through the obstacle course and recorded the signals with the oscilloscope. Once we had a good capture on the oscilloscope, we used the Keysight 33503A BenchLink Waveform Builder Pro Software to convert the signals into a 2-channel arbitrary waveform file. From BenchLink, we loaded the files into the EDU33212A function generator.After a brief crash montage that was actually much longer and more painful to live through, we finally got the system working properly and were able to successfully drive the RC car through the obstacle course without any intervention! Success! I'm sure the commenters will find something to complain about, too. I know. Don't tell them about this bit, it's just for you folks that made it this far into the description. Why? What were you looking for that you couldn't find? Thanks for watching! -Daniel#FunctionGenerator #Electronics #RCCarHack #Oscilloscope #WaveformGenerator #ElectronicsProject #RCHack #RemoteControlCarHack #ElectronicsHack #OscilloscopeHack #FunctionGeneratorHack #WaveformGeneratorHack #electronicshacking #rcprojecthack #KeysightHack
Stress Testing a Cheap DC-DC Converter Keysight Labs 2021-03-19 | Line regulation & load regulation tests with an electronic loadRegister for Keysight University Live & See today's winners here ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings each day this week on the Keysight University Live web page, and each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightHelpful Links:The electronic load we used:keysight.com/us/en/products/dc-electronic-loads/el30000-series-bench-electronic-loads.htmlThe power supply:keysight.com/us/en/products/dc-power-supplies/bench-power-supplies/e36300-series-triple-output-power-supply-80-160w.htmlKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs00:00 Cheap Amazon DC-DC converter test00:17 Testing line regulation of a DC-DC converter01:07 Testing DC-DC converter load regulation and recovery time01:52 How well did the cheap DC-DC converter perform?We’re going to test this cheap Amazon converter and see if it actually meets its rated spec. We’ll test line regulation and a load regulation which are essential DC to DC converter tests – You have to know how your converters holdup under non-ideal conditions to make sure your designs work. Let’s start with line regulation.A line regulation test measures the change in output voltage while decreasing the line voltage, or the input voltage. This device should convert an input of 11-24V into a stable 5V output. We’re going to test it and see how well it holds up!Our power supply provides the input power, and this electronic load will draw a constant current from the output. We can see on our load that the 5 V output from the USB port barely changes while the line voltage ranges from 24 V to 16 V. However, if the line voltage drops to 12 V, the converter can no longer regulate the output voltage, and it starts to drop. It was spec'd at 12 V minimum, but It looks like they might have exaggerated the ratings a little bit.Line regulation is an easy, but important test – you absolutely want to know how your device holds up under a load and with varied inputs.Our converter held up pretty ok, but the line regulation test showed us that the minimum input voltage probably should be rated a little higher. Both these tests give you good idea of how your converters handle real-world situations. Use a line regulation test to see how your converter holds up to a varying input, and a load regulation test to see how it handles changing loadsToday we’re measuring load regulation and recovery time of this power converter!Load regulation measures the change in output voltage as output current increases. This converter should provide a constant voltage while this electronic load toggles to a higher current. A built-in oscilloscope with markers can measure the change in the output voltage.There are two common measurements you’ll want to make on your converter. The first is load regulation, which is the difference in voltage under various loads. The second is the recovery time, which measures how long it took the output to get to its recovery voltage. Using this information, you can determine if the converter you are using will hold up to your device’s requirements and function properly, or if you need a more robust system.I’m also giving away an electronic load and power supply as part of Keysight University Live, you can still sign up using this link – we’re also talking Quantum electronics if you want to come geek out with me – I’ll see you over there.Check out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#AmazonElectronicsTest #CheapAmazonTest #CheapElectronicsTest #LoadRegulation #LineRegulation #ElectronicLoad #PowerSupply #electronics #electricalengineering #Powerengineering #DCDCconverter #DCDCRegulatorTest #DCDCconvertertest #powertesting
Why 5G Engineering is AMAZING Keysight Labs 2021-03-18 | ~ 5 clever engineering tricks that make 5G tick ~Sign up for Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings each day this week on the Keysight University Live web page, and each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightKeysight 5Gkeysight.com/us/en/solutions/5g.htmlMore about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs0:00 5G makes my head hurt, how 5G works1:25 How 5G beamforming works and why it's used3:33 Why does 5g Use mmWave frequencies5:36 5G data rates are insane - and how!7:09 5G bandwidth parts8:39 5G Numerologies and a flexible 5G data architecture11:02 5G frame structure12:01 5G technology is amazing12:25 Keysight University Live WinnersEverything I can find about 5G is either SUPER HIGH LEVEL fluffy hype content or it’s super deep. . So today we’re going to walk the line between the two – geek out a little bit and explore how 5G works but not go agonizingly deep – So, I’ve picked out 5 of my favorite clever engineering tricks that make 5G tick.Beamforming and beam steeringAll the technologies before 5G, like 4, 3, 2, and 1G just sprayed signals everywhere. 5G can actually form a beam and send it right to a receiver. It’s called beam forming or beam steering.This works because a 5G antenna isn’t just one antenna, it’s an array of antennas, it’s a bunch of them all piled in together and they are each individually controlled. By adjusting the phase of each antenna element you can actually point the beam in the direction you want it to go.This is known as beam steering, and can be done with simple analog phase shifters for each antenna.Beamforming takes beamsteering a step further and controls both the phase and the amplitude of the signal at each antenna element. With 5G beam forming, the receiver and the transmitter talk to each other to figure out what settings worked the best, where they got the best reception.Beamforming is important for two reasons. The receiver might be moving! It might be a phone you’re walking with or a car driving down the road. The beam has to follow and maintain the link.It’s also important because the transmitter’s power focuses just on the receiver, there’s not a lot of energy wasted. For 4G we could afford to spray signal everywhere, but for 5G we can’t. We can’t because 5G uses much higher frequencies up into the mmWave range.mmWave FrequenciesThey are called mmWave because the wavelength is in the 1-10 mm range. As frequencies get higher, wireless signal loss increases. A lot. So as we go to higher frequencies we have to use beam forming to get better reception. These higher frequencies are actually a bit of nightmare. Loss is a big issue. Path loss is how much power you lose between your transmitter and your receiver.The power loss depends on distance – the farther they go the more power they lose. And power loss depends on frequency. The higher the frequency, the more power it loses per meter.5G has specs for “frequency range 1” which goes up to about 7 GHz, and frequency range 2, which is in the 24 GHz to 52 GHz range.If you search for "why does 5G use higher frequencies" the odds are you’ll get the wrong answer. The articles say something like “Higher frequencies mean a higher data rate” – this is very wrong. But, 5G does have higher data rate – insanely high data rates - because 5G uses wider bandwidths.5G Data RatesThere’s a formula for the capacity, or data rate in a link, called the Shannon-Hartley theorem.5G Bandwidth PartsWith bandwidth parts we can optimize portions of the carrier for different uses. We can split up our overall bandwidth and tweak characteristics like latency and throughput5G Data Architecture and OFDM5G and a lot of other wireless communication protocols use orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, or OFDM.Basically this means you take your carrier and chop it up into neighboring subcarriers. Each subcarrier is shifted in phase, spaced out in frequency, and communicates data symbols, or just “symbols”, using some devilish RF trickery.#5G #How5GWorks #5GEngineering #5GSignals #How5GWorksTechnical #5GEngineers #5GTechnologyDescription #RFEngineering #5GRFSignals #5GBeamforming #5GBeamsteering #5GmmWave #5GFrequencyRange #5GNumerology #5GPacket
How to Use an Oscilloscope - Mega Guide Keysight Labs 2021-03-17 | Everything you need to know to become an oscilloscope PROSign up for Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub Probe Playlist: youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzHyxysSubUmo95tSutl_gZd4PeLOAA_YProbe Courses on Keysight University: learn.keysight.comAgenda:0:00 What is an oscilloscope1:30 How to get started using an oscilloscope1:48 Oscilloscope Probes2:16 Oscilloscope Signal Scaling2:27 Oscilloscope Auto Scale button 4:26 Oscilloscope Probe Calibration5:09 Oscilloscope Measurements8:06 Oscilloscope Triggering12:03 How to Capture Signals With an Oscilloscope15:05 Oscilloscope Acquisition Modes16:24 Waveform Analysis with an Oscilloscope18:02 Additional Learning18:44 Keysight University Live WinnersKeysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!We will have fresh talks, interviews, and drawings each day this week on the Keysight University Live web page, and each Tuesday 23-March to 27-April.Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightMore about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe digital storage oscilloscope we used:http://bit.ly/4000XScopeToday we’ll explore how to use an oscilloscope. By the end of this you and your trusty oscilloscope will be equipped to tackle whatever crazy test challenges come your way.An oscilloscope visually shows you what’s happening electrically at the tip of your probe with respect to ground. It’s kinda like a camera, but for electricity. Once you can see your signal, you can make measurements, debug your device’s behavior, and characterize your device’s performance.Oscilloscopes come in all shapes and sizes. When you start using an oscilloscope the first thing you should do is press “default setup" which will get rid of any weird settings leftover from the last user who didn’t watch this video and just started pressing buttons hoping it would work. Then, connect your oscilloscope to your device with a probe. Most oscilloscopes, or “scopes,” come with a set of passive probes. These aren’t just a wire, there’s actual circuitry inside that helps make the signals pretty. This clip goes to earth ground [the ground clip] to give your scope a measurement reference. It’s important to remember that this is a ground connection and should only be connected to ground. Nothing else.Once everything is connected, you’ll hopefully see something on the screen. Odds are, it’s not going to be quite what you want to see, so you can change it. The easiest way to change it is with the auto-scale button.Oscilloscopes have four main controls that change what you see. The first two control horizontal scaling, and horizontal position. The horizontal axis represents time, and we can change the scale and the and offset using the corresponding knobs [horizontal scale and delay]. Notice that the screen has “divisions” on it to give us an idea of our signal’s parameters. The other two main controls handle vertical scaling and vertical offset per channel. [horizontal knobs] Most oscilloscopes have more than one input, or channel, and you can independently set each channel’s voltage (or current) per division [vertical channel knobs]. You can play with the vertical and horizontal settings until you’re happy with what you can see. Oscilloscopes have more than one channel so you can see multiple signals at once.The first time you connect a probe to a scope channel, you need to impedance match the probe and the scope. It’s easier than it sounds. Connect to the probe cal ports [probe comp ports], and get the signal on screen. Good thing we know how to do that now. We want to see a nice, square shape here, this is a little off. So, I’ll use the provided adjuster and tweak this until the edge looks sharp, meaning our scope and probe are impedance matched and this transmission line is happy. Fancy probes don’t do this. Instead, they get full S-parameter characterization from the factory. The scope reads the s-parameter information from the probe and compensates automagically. It’s super cool.Now that my probe is compensated, and we can connect to our device.To make measurements, hit the measurement button.#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #howtouseanoscilloscope #oscilloscopetutorial #oscilloscopegettingstarted #rigoloscilloscope #keysightoscilloscope #tektronixoscilloscope #OscilloscopeClass #KeysightUniversityLive #Keysightoscilloscopes
58% Range Boost + RF Myths Confirmed! Keysight Labs 2021-03-16 | Is the myth true? EDIT: +6 dB is 4x the powerSign up for Keysight University Live ► bit.ly/KULive2 ◄Click to subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub Keysight University Live is happening now! Wondering what it’s all about?This online event for engineers features tips, tricks, and prizes that will make you an engineering legend. Enter now for a free early entry and tune in March 15 for daily chances to learn and win test gear.Learn tips & tricks, hear from industry experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You could also win more than $300,000 in oscilloscopes, RF, and bench equipment – you don’t want to miss this!Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightThere’s an urban legend that if you hold a wireless car key up to your face it’ll increase its range. It sounds crazy, but I want to know if it works. Could I actually increase the range of my wireless car key? If my face works, what else might work? So, I called up the brightest, sharpest minds in Keysight and some of the marketing department and told them whoever could get the best signal improvement wins $100 dollars. We’re measuring power in dBm using a FieldFox. Everyone starts out with an unaided, baseline power measurement. Whoever can improve their signal the most from their key’s baseline wins. The higher the power, the farther the range. Check out the Keysight FieldFox, which we used for all of these measurements:keysight.com/us/en/products/network-analyzers/fieldfox-handheld-rf-microwave-analyzers.htmlNEW! Keysight Smart Bench Essentials equipment:keysight.com/us/en/cmp/2021/keysight-smart-bench-essentials-test-instruments.htmlKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcasts0:00 Can your head increase key fob range?0:30 Overview of homemade signal and range boosters1:24 Increasing car key signal power3:03 The winner and results3:31 Anechoic chamber4:12 Key fob operation visualized on FieldFox4:56 Baseline car key power measurement in the anechoic chamber5:31 dB vs. dBm5:42 Wireless car key fob face and head test5:51 Tin foil hat test6:07 3D printed reflector with foil test7:01 Large reflective photography umbrella test7:31 Metal coffee cup test 7:50 Wrap-up – recommendations for increasing range8:21 What is the new extended range?8:51 Is the myth true?9:16 Winners #RFEngineering #WirelessMeasurement #KeyFobFace #WirelessPower #electronicslab #testgear #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering
Win Test Gear + Keysight University Live Kickoff! Keysight Labs 2021-03-15 | All about Keysight University Live! Sign up now to win & learn: ► http://bit.ly/KULive1 ◄ Link for Daily AccessSubscribe so you don't miss it: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subAll about Keysight University Live!Sign up to win & learn: ► http://bit.ly/KULive1 ◄Subscribe so you don't miss it: http://bit.ly/KLabs_subMore details about the event: http://bit.ly/KU_Overview Keysight University Live calendar: http://bit.ly/KULive_Calendar Tune in on March 15 for the Keysight University Live from the Lab kickoff. During this daily online event from March 15 to 19, you will learn tips and tricks, hear from experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You will also get a chance to win over 100 test gear prizes worth a total of $300,000. Enter now for a free early entry, and tune in on March 15 at 9 am PST, 4 pm UTC, for daily chances to win.
A Perfect Electronics Bench? Keysight Labs 2021-03-15 | Score your lab setup and make your workbench perfect!Download the lab scorecard + win free test gear ► bit.ly/KULive2 (sign-in)◄Click to subscribe: http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/KeysightDuring this online event you will learn tips and tricks, hear from experts, and get a sneak peek at never-before-seen test gear. You will also get a chance to win over 100 test gear prizes worth a total of $300,000. Enter now!What tools and parts do you need when building an electronics lab bench? Find out in today's video! Everyone's "perfect" electronics lab setup will vary based on their test needs and budget, but this provides a great baseline!Check out the new Keysight Smart Bench Essentials equipment:keysight.com/us/en/cmp/2021/keysight-smart-bench-essentials-test-instruments.htmlBenchtop Power Supply, EDU36311A:keysight.com/us/en/product/EDU36311A/smart-bench-essentials-dc-power-supply-triple-outputs.htmlBenchtop 5.5 Digit DMM, EDU34450A:keysight.com/us/en/product/EDU34450A/smart-bench-essentials-digital-multimeter-5-5-digit.htmlBenchtop Function Generator, EDU33210A:keysight.com/us/en/products/waveform-and-function-generators/smart-bench-essentials-waveform-function-generators.htmlKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcasts0:00 Electronics lab workbench tools0:07 Instructions to score your own lab0:52 Smart Bench Essentials gear overview1:08 Giveaway overview 1:23 Safety gear for electronics2:10 Device safety gear2:33 Soldering gear3:15 Vice and tweezers3:39 Fume extractor4:12 Benchtop Power Supplies for electronics5:33 Digital Multimeters (DMMs)6:24 Benchtop vs. Handheld Multimeters (DMMs)7:57 Function Generator for electronics9:26 Oscilloscope for electronics10:52 Miscellaneous tools for electronics13:24 Winners#electronicslab #testgear #electronicsbench #electronicsworkbench #smartbenchessentials#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #benchpowersupply #functiongenerator #waveformgenerator #dmm #digitalmultimeter
Building a deadbug blinky circuit #shorts Keysight Labs 2020-12-24 | Subscribe for more! http://bit.ly/KLabs_subWhat's the hardware equivalent of a programmer's "Hello World?" Blinking an LED, of course! When I found this "Hello World" wall hanging I knew what I had to do. Make it blinky. But that's boring so I made it a freeform circuit art sculpture, too.If you're wondering why this wall decoration exists, my best guess is that there's a programmer hidden in the nursery design group at a major retail chain. There are also napkins, but they didn't make the cut.00:00 circuit sculptures are awesome! 00:05 how to make a circuit sculpture?See the oscilloscope bottle opener build here:youtube.com/watch?v=75KMVAgQJs0 Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Links and stuff:Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffImages thanks to Mohit Bhoite on Twitter:twitter.com/MohitBhoiteKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#helloworld #hardware #deadbug #deadbugcircuit #LED #LEDcircuit #blinkyLED #LEDelectronics #electronics #electronicshardware #ArduinoLED #Arduino #ATTINY85 #bhoite #shorts
Antistatic Rolex Mod (ESD Strap Build) Keysight Labs 2020-09-15 | Turning watches into ESD wrist strapsTake a FREE test gear course: http://bit.ly/KUCoursesSubscribe for more ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffWait, this actually worked? It worked. Cool.If you haven't signed up for a Keysight University course, go do it now! Please! That's how we get to keep making videos like this one.It turns out you can turn just about any watch into an "antistatic" wrist band. More accurately, an anti static wrist strap, or ESD band is a tool for safely discharging electrostatic buildup. It doesn't actually prevent static buildup from happening, it just keeps the discharge current to a safe level.ESD buildup can destroy your test equipment as well as your boards / devices under test. It's critical to follow proper ESD protocols for your specific situation.A proper ESD strap should have a 1 MOhm resistance between the strap and ground. It should also have a high resistance outer band and a low resistance inner lining. The high resistance outer prevents accidental discharge from contact with high voltage or mains. The low resistance inner strap gives your skin a good connection to strap, enabling proper electrostatic discharge.You should also work on a grounded ESD surface, use ESD-safe bags when transporting boards, and keep charged materials at least 0.3 meters away from exposed assemblies.If you want to learn more about how to protect your test gear from ESD, check out this video:youtu.be/dDvue5whx0s00:00 Why I hate ESD straps, and why I still use them01:32 Sign up for a Keysight University course02:05 Turning a calculator watch into an ESD wrist strap07:48 Turning a Rolex into an anti static wrist strap12:11 anti static strap resistance and how they workHelpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsCheck out the Keysight blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#antistaticstrap #ESDwatch #DIYESDStrap #DIYantistaticstrap #rolexantistatic #antistaticband #antistaticwristband #antistaticwatch #antistaticcalculatorwatch #electronics #DIYelectronics #electronicstools #electricalengineering #Keysight
9 Bench Power Supply Tips You Need to Know [Tutorial] Keysight Labs 2020-05-12 | Become a bench power supply master!Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Sign up for a free Keysight University Course: http://bit.ly/KU_PowerSee all the Keysight University courses:bit.ly/KU_Courses_YTThe power supply tips in order:00:00 Introduction and where have we been?1:30 What is Power Supply Load Regulation2:15 What is Power Supply Transient Response3:00 What is Power Supply Line Regulation4:04 What is Power Supply Programming Accuracy4:34 What is Power Supply Readback Accuracy5:47 What is Power Supply Resolution6:18 What is Power Supply Output Noise7:16 What are Power Supply Remote Sense Connections8:30 Power Supply Interfaces and Remote Control10:32 Power Supply Protection Capabilities11:32 What are Power Supply Fault TriggersSee Keysight's DC Power Supplies:keysight.com/us/en/products/dc-power-supplies.htmlHelpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffBench power supplies can be basic, and they can be complex. This tutorial video covers essential, basic bench power supply tips that all electrical engineers should know. They are crucial for electronics work, lab work, electrical design work, and can blow up your devices if they aren't used properly. This video explores 9 tips and capabilities you should look for in your bench power supply.Load regulation — the variability in the output V/I due to change in load. Some loads will not tolerate voltage variations greater than a few percentLine regulation — the variability in the output V/I due to change in AC inputProgramming accuracy — the quality of the programmed value being near to the actual V/IRead back accuracy — the quality of the displayed value being near to the actual V/IResolution — the smallest value of V/I that can be programmedOutput noise — consists of common mode and normal modeTransient response — time taken for the output voltage to return to the programmed state after a disruptive change in load currentSense connections — local and/or remote sense capabilityInterface — front panel and/or remote (LAN, GPIB, USB, RS232, etc.)Low noise, excellent regulation, and remote sensing capability that reduces the voltage drop across load leads, are the desired characteristics in a power supply. When dealing with power, safety comes first. Sometimes when devices fail, it may be catastrophic. It is important that a power supply not only protect itself, but also protect the DUT. Protection circuits in the power supply can limit the voltage or current to a preset level or shut down the power supply when an overvoltage or overcurrent condition occurs. Some power supplies also have a down programmer circuit to quickly discharge the DUT while some, upon receiving a fault trigger, are able to open a relay and isolate the DUT from the source of the power.#powersupply #benchpowersupply #powersupplytutorial #bestbenchpowersupply #bestpowersupply #basicpowersupply #electronicspowersupply #powersupplytutorial #powersupplyfeatures #keysightpowersupply#electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #powersupplytest
Who Did it Better? Fluke vs. Keysight Bottle Opener Showdown Keysight Labs 2020-04-01 | or "the time I turned my oscilloscope into a bottle opener"Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄ Links: Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.comyoutube.com/KeysightPodcastsTwitter:@DanielBogdanofftwitter.com/DanielBogdanoff#OscilloscopeHack #DIYoscilloscope #FlukevsKeysight #KeysightvsFluke #FlukeBottleOpener #Keysight #Fluke #AprilFoolsDay #ElectricalEngineering #LabTools #Electronics #computerengineering #oscilloscopeshack #oscilloscopehacksIf you’ve ever been stuck in the lab late on a Friday night, you know there’s one tool you have to have to get you through to the weekend. I’ve been there, and when it gets late and the pressure’s on, no other tool will do.That’s right, you gotta stay hydrated. And, the actual location of the Ballmer peak on the BAC to bugs fixed chart is a subject of much controversy, few people deny its existence.That’s why I was so concerned when I saw our frenemies at Fluke launch a new handheld tool recently. Frankly, I’m shook, and I’m worried that our Keysight offering won’t hold up competitively. And we don’t take that lightly. Also, I love my Keysight bottle opener because it works so well, and if there’s a better option out there I’ll use that instead! At first, I thought it was all a big joke, with their tongue-and-cheek description of it as a “professional refreshment tool.” But there’s a price and an ordering button, so I had to pick one up myself, I couldn’t stop myself. Weirdest expense report ever. And it showed up! The question is, which one is better? The Keysight, or the Fluke? Let’s find out.Ok, Keysight wins for hanging storage, but storage doesn’t matter if it doesn’t open bottles well. Normally I'd rope in my coworkers to test it out but since we're quarantined we have to get creative. Fortunately, we're quarantined with a few certified bottle experts who have taken to the bottle since before they could walk. Looks like Fluke wins the princess test, too, but I'll take that one with a grain of salt. I think I'll be judge and jury this time.After testing to the rigorous standards a project like this requires, I have to admit I like the Fluke bottle opener a bit better. We’re going to have to go back to the drawing board and figure this out – I know I can’t sleep at night knowing Fluke is winning this showdown – and our Keysight R&D teams work tirelessly to make sure we have the best tools commercially available. I have an idea to fix this competitive gap that just might work. I think I could turn an oscilloscope into the ultimate bottle opener.Fortunately, I was able to get a hold of some scrap cases and we can experiment with mounting hardware, cutting tools, and bottle angles. I also have intermittent access to my usual studio workshop, so we’re going to bounce between there and my basement as access allows.I’ve never worked with this plastic, which is an ABS blend, so it’s going to take some tinkering. I talked to our mechanical engineer, and he recommended just dropping some plastic screws in. I’m not so sure that’s going to be strong enough.The first thing to figure out is placement. Everyone wants a bottle opener on their scope, no one wants their boss to know there’s a bottle opener on their scope. So, the obvious spot is on the back, and this will also be an easy spot to check material strength.Unsurprisingly, our mechanical engineer was right, and screws into the plastic hold up pretty ok. It’s not perfect, though, I’d feel much better going into the sheet metal for at least one of these attachment points.Our test-subject didn’t survive surgery, but we have two more so let’s take a shot at the final build. I should mention that it is a bad, bad, bad idea to do this on your test gear and shouldn’t try this, you’ll void your warranty and have to explain to people that you toasted your scope trying to make a scope for toasts.We can use our test bucket to figure out exactly where to cut. Welp, I think we’ve redeemed ourselves, I’m happy to declare us the winner of the April 1st 2020 battle of the bottle openers.Fast Feel Banana Peel by Alexander NakaradaAttribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)creativecommons.orgMusic provided by Free Vibes: goo.gl/NkGhTgrack: GloryWatch: youtu.be/lBd5RF1RP1gFree Download: musickits.io/product/gloryGood Morning by TazLazuli: soundcloud.com/tazlazuliAttribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)creativecommons.orgMusic provided by Free Vibes: goo.gl/NkGhTgMusic: The Heist - Silent Parnetr youtu.be/gddjovCa1WQMusic: Yummy FlavorProduced by Umbrtone Provided by Umbrtone-No copyright musicVideo Link: youtu.be/tAaFg2u-i2cMusic: Tortex - Rock TrailerLink: youtu.be/uj_d9uhk4JQMusic provided by: MFY - No Copyright
Oscilloscope Digital Channel/MSO Tips Keysight Labs 2020-03-13 | Digital channels! Also, watch pt. 2 of the video here:youtu.be/rY7nj7a0awAWe pre-recorded the first segment just in case we lost studio access, thank goodness we did! Unfortunately, we lost our stream when we switched over to my basement, so watch pt2 linked above to see the winners and the rest of the day's vid!Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogHelpful Links:Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsI ran into a test problem the other day while working on a side project. I was working with some multi-segment displays that were acting up. When something goes wrong with my projects I almost always find that the error originated between the keyboard and the chair. So, of course, I powered up my scope and went poking around.The problem, though, is that the 4-channels weren’t enough to get a full picture of my system.And this happens a lot with embedded designs – there are a lot of peripherals and status lines that need to be checked. Individually that’s easy, but it gets tricky when you want to see them all at once.That’s when an MSO becomes invaluable. Especially if you just want to see the collective status of different systems. So today we’re going to look at a few of my favorite tricks for using digital channels.The first is to get good grounding. As always, the more grounding the better. But, grounding every pin isn’t always necessary. For low speed signals, the digital channel’s equivalent circuit looks like thisThat’s not too bad, so you can usually get away with grounding every 8th channel or so. Back in the day that was one ground per “pod”If you’re in an electrically noisy environment, though, I recommend grounding every 3rd channel.When you get to high frequency systems, though, with rise times under 3ns or so, the equivalent circuit changes from this to this.And, our impedance vs. frequency looks different.At this point, you need to start grounding every lead.If your layout reflects your test plan, this is actually pretty easy to do. Your digital probes come with some handy accessories, like this male/female adapter that let you hook up to an array of signals all at once, and these ground leads. If you put in a socket and route your grounds correctly the whole thing is a breeze. You can also use these leads to find a local ground point, especially if you’re using clips.Once connected, you can play with your digital channel display. Turn channels on or off, scale them, and I like to assign them to a bus. This makes it easy to see both individual channel activity and get a hex value for that bus. You can then work out which hex values correspond to which device states. Checking a bus’s hex value is much easier than trying to verify each channel individually.You can also use cursors to measure values, or trigger on specific channel activity or bus values.If you’re using serial protocols you can also use digital channels to decode them, saving your analog channels for other debugging work.It takes some work up front to setup, but this makes it really easy to go back and validate firmware changes or verify multiple boards.Plastic clips – These accessories are super handy for designs where you planned ahead and have some grounded header pins.These are nice when you just want to hook up to a nearby ground post, but it is still important to keep your ground leads as short as possible. These IC clips are also pretty handy.#DigitalChannels #MSO #LogicAnalyzer#Wave2020 #KeysightWave #KeysightWave2020 #ScopeMonth #KeysightGiveaway #Wave #Keysight #KeysightOscilloscopes
Narrow vs. Wide IF Bandwidth - How it Impacts Your VNA Measurements + Wave Winners Keysight Labs 2020-03-12 | Spoiler: IF Bandwidth affects measurement accuracy and speedGet more VNA tips: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Other videos:Differential Probe Guide:youtu.be/OZDijMDHmtIHow to Read an Oscilloscope Datasheet:youtu.be/YeQbOMe07nkTHE ANNOYING CAPS LOCK BUZZER BUILD:youtu.be/TKJELAEZjT4Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffWhenever you read about improving measurement accuracy and dynamic range, you’ll see a lot about IF bandwidth. But what exactly is IF bandwidth, and how does it affect your measurements? The textbook definition of IF bandwidth is the span of the center frequency of the intermediate frequency filter. Okay. So what does that actually mean? First, we have to talk about mixers. When you put two signals at different frequencies, f1 and f2, into a mixer, the output will be two more signals: one at a frequency of f1+f2 and one at a frequency of f1-f2. Here’s where it gets interesting. You can use a local oscillator as one of your mixer inputs to tune input frequencies to your desired output frequency. This output frequency is called the intermediate frequency, or IF. Those of you with a radio background are probably saying “this is just your standard superheterodyne receiver”. And you’re right. Network analyzer receivers operate in a very similar way to radio receivers. Modern network analyzers have very wide frequency ranges, like 100 kHz to 53 GHz on our new midrange network analyzers. It’s impossible for the instrument to actually analyze all of those frequencies, so the receivers convert the input, piece by piece, into the instrument’s intermediate frequency using the mixer.So on the block diagram we have a bandpass filter at the output of the mixer. This is our intermediate frequency, or IF, filter. When you change the IF bandwidth of your instrument, you’re changing the bandwidth of this filter. A wider IF bandwidth means bigger portions of your measurement sweep can be converted to the intermediate frequency, meaning your measurement is faster, but there is a tradeoff in accuracy. A narrow IF bandwidth means only small parts of your measurement are converted to the intermediate frequency. Analyzing smaller portions of the signal reduces noise and improves your dynamic range, at the cost of measurement speed. Let’s look at a visual example. When it comes to image processing, IF bandwidth is analogous to pixel size. If the text is a signal, you can think of each pixel as a piece of the signal that has been converted to the intermediate frequency and displayed on the page. In this one, the pixels are very large. This is like having a wide IF bandwidth. This image is quickly processed on a computer, but may lack some of the detail we need for deeper analysis. This looks like our classic “hello world” message, but let’s decrease the pixel size and take a closer look. At a higher resolution, we can see we actually have a typo in this message that we couldn’t see with the large pixels. When you decrease the IF bandwidth, you increase the resolution of your measurement. Your application will determine what degree of accuracy you need.In summary, IF bandwidth determines the resolution level of your measurement. A wide IF bandwidth gives you faster, low resolution measurements. A narrow IF bandwidth gives you slower, high resolution measurements. #rfengineering #VNA #vectornetworkanalyzer #IFbandwidth #intermodulationfrequency#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #VNAtutorial #Wave2020 #Keysight #KeysightWave
What Happens if You Change the Load & Source Voltage of a DC-DC Converter? + Wave Winners Keysight Labs 2020-03-11 | How well does a DC-DC converter work in the real world? Load regulation and line regulation tests will tell you!Sign up now for Wave : http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Ideally, when you set your DC power supply to a certain voltage, it will maintain that voltage and have little or no noise. However, many external conditions can affect the power supply's output. Since, a power supply is used to power a device under test (DUT), any variations or noise in the output is directly coupled to the DUT. Following are some of the commons sources of unwanted power supply signals, and how they are specified in a data sheet.Loads often require varying amounts of current. Load regulation is a power supply's ability to maintain a constant voltage regardless of the demands of the load for more or less current. A power supply's load regulation specification tells how accurately the voltage will be maintained for example the E3632A load regulation is specified as 0.01% of output plus 2mV. A power supply's transient response specification tells how fast the power supply can return to the desired voltage for example, 50mseconds for a large change in the load.Changes in the AC line voltage can affect the output of a DC power supply. In some regions, AC line voltages can vary greatly. A motor or piece of large equipment can cause voltage to drop in power lines when it pulls excessive current. The ability to maintain a set DC voltage during a change in line voltage is specified as line regulation. Line regulation is typically specified in two ways. First the power supply will only function properly if the AC line voltage is close to the proper voltage, typically ± 10%. Line regulation also affects the output accuracy and is specified as a percent of output with an offset.Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffToday we’re exploring how to test a DC to DC converter. We’re going to use a 60W, 24 V to 12 V DC converter. We’re going to stress the converter in two ways – first we’ll do a line regulation test, which means we’re going to vary the input power and see how it affects the output. Second, we’re going to do a load regulation test. For this test we’ll vary the load on the converter’s outputs and see how the output power changes.To do that, Bill brought along a power analyzer, which is essentially a fancy control system with a chassis that you can load modules into. This one has a 100 W supply module that will supply power to the converter’s inputs, and a 100 W electronic load module which we’ll use to sink power from the converter’s outputs. To control it all, we’ll use the new Advanced Power Control and Analysis Software, which is part of the Pathwave BenchVue platform. This makes it easy for us to control the supply and load dynamically.The converter has two sets of inputs and two sets of outputs so we can do 4-wire sensing: one set carries power, and the other set allows the system to readback the values and adjust its outputs.For our first test – line regulation – the power supply will output a series of different power levels using an output list. We’re then measuring the converter’s output to see how it changes.We can select a built-in arb to turn on the load during the test -A pulse 0 to 3A .4s,9s,.6sThe electronic load has four modes of operation – voltage, resistance, power, or current Turning of the load after 9 seconds will remove the load from the converter while it still has power.The last thing to do once you have this setup is to run it for a long period. Ideally you also don’t have to sit there and watch it run for 3 or 6 hours, so you can use data logging. This lets you set it, walk away, and see how it performs for a while.And, if something looks funky or you need to get documentation setup, you can export just that piece of the record – historically you’d have to export whole thing.This power analyzer also has a scope capability. You can trigger and zoom in on short events like an edge and get a peek into your system without having to pull out an actual scope.Another thing you can do with this is setup a level trigger and have it do something if the trigger condition is met. For example, you could shut down your outputs if the voltage or current gets too high – this could definitely save your device if things go south.#LoadRegulation #LineRegulation #SourceEffects #DCDCConverterTesting #DCDCConverter #PowerAnalyzer #electronicload #PowerElectronics #BoostConverterTesting #BuckConverterTestging #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering
Is a $1 Power Supply Any Good? + Wave Winners Keysight Labs 2020-03-10 | 3 quick & easy power tests you can run with an oscilloscope: ripple, turn-on, and turn-offSign up now for the Wave giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogHelpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffI recently came across some cheap boost converters on Amazon, these claim to take 5V in and boost it up from Vin to 25V. I’m a little skeptical, but I was curious how well they actually worked, so join me for a couple quick tests that I like to use to do a quick check of a supply, and we’ll put this thing through its paces.First off, let’s measure the output ripple. You can do this manually, but I prefer to use the power app on the scope. To set it up, we probe the output and setup our measurement. We can get a better measurement with a better probe, but this standard passive probe will work fine. To set this up manually put your channel into AC coupling mode, zoom in, and make your measurements.We have a micro USB input, so naturally we’ll use 5V as our input voltage, and our output voltage is clocking in around 20 V.So, when we make the ripple measurement we see our peak-to-peak and RMS values on our 20V output. I’m pretty happy with that, it’s just a couple percent. Ripple on a supply rail translates to noise, though, so for audio work or jitter sensitive designs this is probably not a good supply to use.With my cursors I can see this is about an 350 kHz signal, but to double check it won’t hurt to turn on an FFT. I’ll do FFT, set my start and stop frequencies, and I like to use “max hold” to make things easier to see. Only use this for consistent signals – it’s not a good option for 1-off measurements.I can see my peak, and a couple harmonics. I also see some 1/f action here, but my gut says this is also likely an artifact of this sawtooth shape. Notice how much this varies from cycle to cycle? That’s going to smear out the power over a range of frequencies, which is what we’re seeing here.Let’s also take a closer look at the signal – do you see these little spikes here? If I measure the frequency of them with my cursors, I would bet this scope that it’s caused by the boost converter’s switching frequency. It looks like 1 MHz, but don’t be fooled. Let’s grab a few single captures and see what we get. It looks like these spikes happen every 350 kHz. Let’s see what we find if we pull the part number. It looks like there’s a 350 kHz internal PWM signal driven by an oscillator. There’s also a mention of a 1.2 MHz fixed operation mode – which is pretty easy to see on the scope as well.Data sheets are great, but being able to verify it with the scope gives me a lot more confidence in this converter.The last note on this measurement is that we’ve done it all with a simply resistive load, this performance will almost certainly change under a dynamic load, and you could test this with an electronic load or SMU.So, we learned a lot from the ripple. The other two things I like to check are the turn-on and turn-off characteristics.I’m going to use the scope app to measure these, but you can also do this manually by setting up a single-shot triggerLet’s walk through the wizard and check our turn-on. The thing to watch out for when a power supply turns on is inrush current. When applying power right, the inductors and capacitors aren’t automatically at steady state, they have to charge up. This can pull a lot of current and do some damage – so it’s worth checking.In this case, we see some interesting behavior. It boots up to one voltage level, sits there, and then moves up to the final output level. If we check the data sheet for the switching chip, we see that it actually has a built-in soft-start function. And it looks like it works! You’d still want to test this on various loads before moving on.And last for today, the turn-off test. What you don’t want to happen when you turn a supply off is have weird power spikes or discharges into your system. You can set this up the same way as the turn-on test, but again I’m going to use the app.And, a simple power off test shows things perform as expected.Overall, this is a killer little supply and well worth the $1 just to have it on hand if I need something quick.The power app also does a LOT more than just this, you can do a full suite of switching tests and all kinds of other measurements that are really tricky to make manually.#PowerSupplyRipple #PowerSupplyTurnOnTest #PowerSupplyTurnOffTest #PowerSupplyTest #SMPSTesting #MeasureSMPS #switchmodepowersupply #oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #SignalIntegrity #PowerIntegrity
Distance to Fault (DTF) Measurements Keysight Labs 2020-03-09 | What happens if your LONG cable breaks somewhere underground? Or in a wall?Sign up now for this HUGE giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄App note: keysight.com/us/en/assets/7018-03478/application-notes/5991-0420.pdfHelpful Links:Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsToday, we’re going to discuss how to find the fault in a cable using Keysight’s FieldFox handheld analyzer. There are two important measurements for finding out the length of a cable, verifying cable performance, and determining if failures or discontinuities exist in your transmission line. Both of these measurements are useful in cases where you can’t visually inspect the entirety of your cable because it’s extremely long, like cables on an airplane or cruise ship.The first is a Distance-To-Fault or DTF measurement. A DTF measurement performs a line sweep and displays the return loss in decibels versus distance. In layman’s terms, it injects a frequency sweep into the cable, and reads back how much power gets lost along the cable. It also tells you the length of your cable, given that you know or can calculate the velocity factor of the cable. For this measurement, I have an 8 m-long cable and a 0.6 m-long cable with an adapter connecting the two and a short on the end.I’ve centered the display around the largest reflection point which represents the end of the transmission line. You can see here that a marker on the peak gives me a total distance reading of 8.576 m. When we measure it with a tape measure, we get the same value. Measuring it physically was also a lot of work, and in many cases it’s not possible because the cable is buried in a wall or the ground.These two larger bumps on the screen represent the reflection of the signal at the connection point between the two cables. Looking at this display, I noticed there’s a reflection reading here that’s a little concerning to me. It looks like there’s a fault near the end of my transmission line.So, I’m going to switch to a Time Domain Reflectometry or TDR measurement to get a little more information about this fault. A TDR measurement displays the voltage reflections along the transmission line in Ohms. I’ve placed a marker at the first set of peaks, and you can see that the distance to that point is 7.97 m which is where the adapter is located. This peak on the far right represents the short at the end of the cable. But that spike we saw on the DTF measurement before can also be seen here right before the end of the cable. Because the signal increases, we know that this fault is inductive, which can be useful when determining what is wrong with the cable and how to approach the problem.So, I’ll place a marker near the fault. We can see that it’s located around 8.46 m down the cable. Let’s go see if we can figure out what the problem is! We’re just going to walk the length of the cable instead of measure because my measuring tape maxes out at 5 ft and I don’t want to go through that again.#Wave2020 #KeysightWave #KeysightGiveaway #Wave #Keysight #FieldFox #DistanceToFault #TDR #TimeDomainReflectometry #VNATDR #VNADTF #DistanceToFaultMeasurement
Breadboards - Trash or Treasure? | S-Parameter Bandwidth Test + Wave Winners Keysight Labs 2020-03-06 | Is the frequency limit of a solderless breadboard really 10 MHz? The VNA will tell us!Sign up now for the Wave giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogHelpful Links:How fast of a signal can a breadboard handle? The answer is not super straightforward, but a simple S21 S-parameter test with the vector network analyzer will give us a lot of insights!We test a single row, a single row with jumpers, two rows jumper wired together, and multiple rows chained together with a TON of jumpers.Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffIs this breadboard as good as garbage or can you actually do real prototyping with one? In a moment we’re going to break out the good ‘ol network analyzer and find out.Conventional internet wisdom tells us that you shouldn’t use a breadboard for signals over 10 MHz. Is that true? Where did that frequency limit come from? I couldn’t find any answers I liked, so today we’re going to actually quantify the performance of a breadboard.Breadboards get a bad rap, but they are fantastically helpful for hands-on work – especially if you’re playing around with a new component or prototyping a simple build. If you’re like me, though, I’m always worried the schematic won’t transfer well to an actual PCB.Let’s see if 10 MHz is actually the maximum a breadboard can handle.We’ll use our FieldFox, which goes up to 28 GHz – so it’s safe to say we’re over-equipped for this measurement.To connect it to the breadboard, we need cabling and fixtures. This fixture is a bit sketchy, but breadboard work is suspect anyways so it should be good enough. And now you have a super geeky pair of earrings.I’ll then put the FieldFox into Network Analyzer mode and set it up for an S21 measurement.For an S21 measurement, we’re going to output a frequency sweep at a known power into port 1, run the signal through the device, and see what we get at port 2.It’s called an S21 measurement because it tells us what happens on port 2 as a result of what happens on port 1.Before you can make any decent measurement with a network analyzer, you have to do a calibration. We’re going to do a quick and dirty cal, but VNA cal is a whole deep dive topic that we don’t have time for today.So, here’s what it looks like before calibration, and here’s what it looks after we cal with a simple coax cable. When we add in our fixture we see that it looks different again. this is the effect of these fixtures on the measurement.This highlights the importance of both calibration and using good fixtures and cabling. Because we only want to see the breadboard’s parameters, let’s run another cal.Now it’s finally time to measure the breadboard – we’re going to start with just one row and nothing else connected.Anyways, the general consensus is that solderless breadboards work ok for medium-speed, medium-impedance-level, and medium-precision circuits. We only looked at bandwidth today, but there are a ton of other factors that come into play here beyond just the bandwidth. For example, how’s the noise? How close can you actually get your bypass capacitors, what about EMI and crosstalk? How repeatable is it?I also think just about anyone who’s ever used electronics has a horror story from using these things, I’d love to hear yours in the comments!#Breadboard #BreadboardFrequency #BreadboardElectronics #BreadboardTutorial #RFEngineering #VNA #VectorNetworkAnalyzer #SParameters #ScatteringParamters #S21Measurement #RFElectronics #Wave #KeysightWave #electronics #electricalengineering
6+ ESD Tips in 60 Seconds + Wave Winners! Keysight Labs 2020-03-05 | +BONUS tip: how to measure Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)Sign up now for the Wave giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogElectrostatic Discharge - the silent equipment killer. Here are 6 ESD prevention tips in under 60 seconds! Actually, it's more like 8, but who's counting!? Us. We're counting. It's 8. You're welcome.For an ESD prevention deep dive, check out these videos:4 Easy Ways to Blow Up Your Test Gear:youtu.be/dDvue5whx0sPop Quiz: Can a Cable Electrically Damage Equipment?youtu.be/XvuvE-wK5GwAnd this checklist:http://www.keysight.com/find/preventesdAll whitepapers and app notes available here:http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffWe can all agree that blowing up your equipment is bad. To avoid that, here are 6 best practices in under 60 seconds:1 – Use grounded wrist straps whenever you’re handling equipment and boards2 – Use grounded mats on your workspace and NOT high resistance and insulated materials 3 – Keep potentially charged materials at least a foot away from your exposed assemblies to avoid inductive charging4 – Discharge you cables before connecting them. First, make sure your device is not powered on. Second, connect your cable to your device. Third, attach a 50 ohm shunt or short to the open end, finally, remove the shunt and attach your device to your gear5 – Use board standoffs on your ESD mats as needed6 – Never trust pink packing. Don’t use it. Don’t.7 – Cap your unused equipment inputs to avoid accidental ESD damage.And there you have it! 6 ways to avoid blowing up your equipment in under 60 seconds. So you don’t forget any of those, download the free checklist linked above.Check out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#ESD #ElectrostaticDischarge #TotalHarmonicDistortion #THD #SignalAnalyzer #RFengineering #ESDSafe #ManufacturingESD #Wave #Keysight#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering
Increasing Dynamic Range + Wave Winners Keysight Labs 2020-03-04 | Say goodbye to noise floors: how to boost your dynamic range on a VNASign up now for the Wave giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogToday's tip is all about how to increase the dynamic range of a network analyzer. The dynamic range is critical for making VNA measurements and getting your signals above the noise floor of your vector network analyzer.All whitepapers and app notes available here:http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffWhen you’re looking at network analyzers, dynamic range is always one of the most prominently featured specifications. But what actually is dynamic range, and what does it do for you? The textbook definition of dynamic range is “the difference between the network analyzer receiver's maximum input power and the minimum measurable power”. Okay. So what does that actually mean? I’ll illustrate dynamic range conceptually, then we’ll see how that ties back to the network analyzer. I have a message on two pages here, and I want to capture them both in a photo. If I do a fast shutter speed, the camera quickly takes in light then shuts. I’ve captured one page, but not the other. This is like if I’m able to see the high-power portions of a signal, but the low power portions are lost in the noise. I don’t have the dynamic range to see the whole signal. Now if I make the shutter stay open longer, the camera takes in more light, giving me visibility into the darker, noisy regions. I can now see the full signal! Looking at the pictures side by side, we can see the second one has better dynamic range because more of the subject is visible, from the bright areas to the darker areas. Let’s apply this concept to a real network analyzer trace. Here we’re looking at the S21 trace of a bandpass filter. S21 means we’re measuring at port 2 what’s coming from port 1, so this trace shows us which frequencies get through the filter. You’ll notice in the stopband, where the test signal does not pass through the filter, the trace is noisy. This part of the trace is called the noise floor. You can think of it as the dark part of the photos I took earlier. It’s the power level at which the network analyzer cannot distinguish the test signal from the noise. The noise floor is the lower bound of the dynamic range of this measurement.In the passband, indicated by marker 1, our power level is -1.26 dB. So the dynamic range of this measurement is the difference between the maximum power and the noise floor, which comes out to 104.36 dB. So when you’re looking at network analyzer specifications, dynamic range tells you the power range over which you can accurately measure. Just like improving dynamic range on a camera, there’s a few ways you can improve dynamic range on a network analyzer by reducing the noise. Number one, you can increase the power of your signal. This will boost your signal away from the noise. This is a great method because you do not lose any measurement speed, but you have to be careful to stay within the power limits of your equipment. If you can’t increase the signal power, the next best thing to try is to reduce the IF bandwidth. This will make your network analyzer process smaller chunks of the measurement. You’ll get a more accurate result, but the measurement will take longer. Finally, you can use averaging to reduce noise. There’s two types of averaging – point and sweep. Point averaging measures each point a specified number of times and then moves to the next point. Sweep averaging takes a specified number of sweeps and averages the traces. Both give you the average of multiple measurements, which reduces the effects of random noise. The tradeoff of averaging is that it takes longer since you’re taking more measurements. Thanks for watching and check back on the channel for more tech tips!#DynamicRange #Wave2020 #NetworkAnalyzerDynamicRange #IncreaseDynamicRange #Wave #KeysightGiveaway #Keysight #VNA #NetworkAnalyzer #VectorNetworkAnalyzer#electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #rfengineering
2-Wire vs. 4-Wire Resistance Measurement (Kelvin) + Wave Winners! Keysight Labs 2020-03-03 | Is a 4-wire resistance measurement worth the trouble? Find out!Sign up now for the Wave giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogToday's tip is all about how 4-wire resistance measurements work, as well as how a power supply remote sense capability uses the same principles.All whitepapers and app notes available here:http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoff4 wire Kelvin resistance measurement overview:When can you use a two wire measurement, and when should you switch to a 4-wire measurement? If you don’t know you’re in luck, because that’s what we’re covering today!measurement. Measuring resistance is often straightforward – you just grab your leads and go crazy.There are times when a standard 2-wire measurement just won’t do the job, so you have to switch over to a 4-wire measurement. The two main cases I’ve seen people do this, and we’ll get hands-on with each of these in a moment.The first is using a DMM to measure small resistances. The second is supplying dynamic currents with a power supply. Let’s start with the resistance measurement of a DMM.A DMM makes resistance measurements by supplying a known current out to the device, and then measuring the DC voltage drop across the outputs. We can actually see this if we measure the device’s output during a resistance measurement.So, let’s actually make a measurement. Here’s a quick measurement of a 1 ohm resistor – let’s store that value away for later. You might think this looks good, but there’s a problem. The DMM’s test leads are in series with the device. The resistance of the leads causes a small voltage drop, tricking the DMM into thinking there’s a higher resistance. For larger resistance measurements this isn’t a problem, but when you’re measuring small resistances this effect can be significant. Fixture resistance is also a problem in automated testing environments where you have long cables, multiple chained connections, and a multiplexer or relays between the device and the DMM. So, what we can do instead is move the voltage measurement from inside the DMM to the point of test with a second pair of leads.Now we have four leads, hence a 4-wire measurement. These two leads source current, and these two leads make the actual measurement. Because the voltage measurement has a large internal resistance, the current through this path is nearly 0, and the impact of the lead resistance is negligible.When measuring that same 1 ohm resistor with a 4 wire measurement, we see the new measured value. If we pull out our 2-wire measurement, we see that there’s a 6.5% difference! Clearly, a 4-wire measurement was the superior choice in this scenario.An easy way to decide if you should use a 4-wire vs. a 2-wire measurement is to measure the resistance of your measurement lead system and compare it to the range of measurements you’re making on your device. Do the math, look at your error budget and decide if it fits within your acceptable tolerances.The second place I see 4-wire measurements used a lot is for power supplies. Most pro-level power supplies have a capability known as “remote sense” to control the output. In a power supply, you typically set an output voltage, and the supply tries to provide that voltage regardless of the load. As the load changes, the power consumption changes. So, the supply has to sense the voltage at it’s output and adjust for dynamic loads. The problem they run into is the same – as the current changes, the loss in the supply leads changes based on Ohm’s law, and the actual power delivered to the device changes. So, you can run sense leads out to your actual device under test and the supply will adjust its output based on the voltage of the device, not the voltage at the output of the box. #DigitalMultimeter #DMM #DMMMeasurement #DMMResistance #MeasureResistance #HowToMeasureResistance #4WireMeasurement #KelvinMeasurement #ResistanceMeasurement #DMMResistanceMeasurement #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering
Live! Will a Microwave Kill Your WiFi Speed? + Wave 2020 Kickoff Keysight Labs 2020-03-02 | Sign up now for this HUGE giveaway: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Wave 2020 overview: http://bit.ly/Wave2020BlogClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄All of the resource libraries are available here: http://bit.ly/YTWave2020Helpful Links:Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#Wave2020 #KeysightWave #KeysightWave2020 #ScopeMonth #KeysightGiveaway #Wave #Keysight #KeysightOscilloscopes
Giveaway! + 5 Test Gear Tips from the Vault (Wave 2020) Keysight Labs 2020-02-18 | Oldies but goodies! Battery testing, oscilloscope MSO triggers & more!Speaking of goodies, sign up to win gear here ► http://bit.ly/YTWave2020 ◄Wave 2020 Livestream: youtu.be/TXV2AFiKXfUI hope you're as excited as we are for Wave 2020! Make sure to sign up now for your chance to win an oscilloscope, power analyzer, DMM, VNA, signal source, function generator, and more!Also, a HUGE thanks to the YouTube community over the past few years. Without you an event like this wouldn't be possible and we are SO THANKFUL for your support and for coming along with us on this adventure.Electronic load whitepaper mentioned in tip #1:keysight.com/us/en/assets/7018-06481/white-papers/5992-3625.pdfFrequency Response Analysis video mentioned in tip #2:youtube.com/watch?v=ADmVAs6vqLUWave 2020 FAQs:http://bit.ly/Wave2020FAQs Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#Wave2020 #KeysightWave #KeysightWave2020 #ScopeMonth #KeysightGiveaway #Wave #Keysight #KeysightOscilloscopes #Keysightsweepstakes #keysightoscilloscope
POP QUIZ! Can a CABLE electrically damage equipment? Keysight Labs 2019-12-31 | Test your knowledge of these three myths with this multi-video quiz!Free ESD checklist download: http://bit.ly/ESDChecklistClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Can a simple cable electrically damage test equipment with electrostatic discharge (ESD)? Test out your knowledge of these three common cable ESD myths.Myth #1 - Can simply bending a cable charge it up due to the triboelectric effect?Myth #2 - Will charging up the outer portion or shield of the cable charge up the center conductor?Myth #3 - If a cable's shield is grounded, it's safe to connect it to test equipment.Test your cable ESD knowledge with this electrical engineering pop quiz!Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#CableCharging #ESDDamage #ElectrostaticDischarge #ESDTesting #ESDMyths #TestGear #EquipmentRepair #electricalengineering #computerengineering #Keysight #StaticDamage #ESDStrap
⚡ 4 Easy Ways to BLOW UP Your Test Gear ⚡ Keysight Labs 2019-12-24 | ⚡ How to avoid damaging your test equipment! ⚡Free 📋 ESD Checklist Download: https://keysig.ht/ESD1 Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Here are four (actually seven!) easy ways to blow up or damage your oscilloscope, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, vector network analyzer, DMM, power supply, function generator, or pretty much ANY piece of test equipment you may come across. It's surprisingly easy, and you can damage your gear without ever feeling it!Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection measures are no laughing matter when it comes to dealing with sensitive test equipment.Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffToday we’re going to look at 4 easy ways you can blow up your test gear with ESD or the wrong inputs. It happens to people all the time. Electronic damage to test gear is caused by an excessive amount of power going into an equipment’s inputs, and that power gets there a few different ways. If you want to blow up your test gear, follow these tips.#1: Apply overvoltage to the equipment inputsThe easiest way to blow up your test gear is to hook up any signal without knowing it’s characteristics. Sure, test gear’s data sheets list the maximum input parameters. And sure, equipment has built-in protection mechanisms and will often warn you if you are outside the spec. To avoid blowing up your equipment this way, don’t exceed the maximum input power or voltage on your gear. Also, when connecting to an unknown signal, start at the lowest sensitivity and work your way down to the signal. Essentially, you always want to keep your signal completely on screen.#2: Float yourself -As you can see with the ESD meter, an ungrounded person (or a person with a wireless ESD band) can have charge. The charge can then be transferred right into the equipment, or to an ungrounded conductor. Then, when this board is connected to equipment it can damage the gear.To avoid damage, make sure your mat is properly grounded and use corded ground straps.Note that wireless ESD bracelets (also known as wireless ESD straps and wireless ESD wristbands) DO NOT WORK!#3: Charged Boards -If you aren’t careful, your boards can charge up via induction, and then zap your gear.To avoid this damage, keep charged materials at least a foot away from your boards and use appropriate materials. If you’re transporting boards, you should also completely seal them up in static shielding bags so they don’t charge up during transport.#4 Charged Cables -Believe it or not, the center conductors of your cables themselves can build up a charge through induction. So, to blow up your test gear, just grab a cable at random and connect it up to your gear without discharging it first.If you want to avoid this damage, you should discharge your cables before using them.#5: Use ESD Mat StandoffsSometimes you need to be extra cautious, especially when working with exposed assemblies. A good ESD mat has a resistance in the 10E8 ballpark, which is often pretty good insulation. But if this isn’t enough, use standoffs to keep your board off the mat. This lets an air gap be your insulator and ensures that your exposed board assemblies don’t have any unexpected paths to ground.#6: Never Trust Pink Packing“Pink” packaging material pretends to be static-safe, but often, it’s not. To be safe, simply don’t use it for your boards and instead use ESD-approved mats, standoffs, and packaging. #7: Cap your equipment inputsIf you aren’t using a channel, cap it. This helps avoid incidental contact that could lead to ESD trauma.Check out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#ESD #ESDDamage #EquipmentDamage #ElectrostaticDischarge #StaticDischarge #StaticDamage #ESDPrevention #WirelessESDStrap #ESDStrap #ElectrostaticDamage #InputDamage #EquipmentRepair #ESDTestGear #ESDElectronics****[cards]****[end screens]
How to Debug and Test NFC Designs Keysight Labs 2019-12-17 | Learn how to test your NFC-enabled components with an oscilloscope.Free trial: keysight.com/find/scopetrialsClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsIn this episode of Scopes University, we’ll be showing you how to test your NFC-enabled components with an oscilloscope. You can think of NFC like a short-range version of radio-frequency identification (RFID). NFC uses electromagnetic fields (induction), between two devices to enable communication between them. Passive NFC components store data that can be read by active NFC components. Active components can read and send information.NFC communication often involves financial transactions, like paying for groceries, and security information, like clearance badges. NFC is even being used by automotive manufacturers to replace car keys. Therefore, reliable and secure communication is a must. You can gain peace of mind that your designs meet quality and reliability requirements by debugging and testing the physical layer of your NFC designs. Using oscilloscope software is a great way to perform fast, low-cost NFC pre-compliance tests during design or even manufacturing to make sure quality is being maintained.Johnnie Hancock, our InfiniiVision product manager, is going to show us how to trigger on events like SENS and ALL Requests, test frame delay, demodulate the response and polling signals, and make frequency domain measurements to look at the carrier and side frequency of the response.If you want to follow along on your InfiniiVision oscilloscope, you can download a free trial of the NFC Triggering and Automated Test Software here: keysight.com/main/editorial.jspx?id=3050878&cc=US&lc=eng . To see a how-to video on automated NFC measurements, follow this link: youtube.com/watch?v=dCa6y6Mp-64To learn more about making NFC measurements, you can read the application notes below: NFC-A and -B Sideband Measurements literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5992-2067EN.pdf?id=2821518NFC Device Turn-on and Debug literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5992-2066EN.pdf?id=2821510Learn more about NFC test software at:keysight.com/en/pd-2990603-pn-D4000NFCA/nfc-automated-test-software-for-the-4000-x-series?cc=US&lc=engMore about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe digital storage oscilloscope we used:http://bit.ly/4000XScope#oscilloscope #NFC #NFCtesting #NFCtest #NFCtests #NFCelectronics #electronics #electricalengineering #nearfieldcommunication #nearfieldcommunicationtesting #NFCDebugging #Nearfieldtechnology #nearfieldcommunicationtechnology
TIL about Data Encryption: Diffie-Hellman Key Exchanges + TLS 1.3 Keysight Labs 2019-12-03 | Forget the maths, how about "https://" explained with paint!?IT Professionals, win Ixia gear here: http://bit.ly/NetworkMakeoverClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Ever wonder how the internet is encrypted? Watch Sarah and Mike explain TLS 1.3, Diffie-Hellman key exchanges, and modular arithmetic in a rather unexpected fashion…using paint! To find out more about TLS 1.3 and how to implement it on your network, check out this webinar: ixiacom.com/resources/4-keys-understanding-tls-13-and-active-ssl Learn more about security, testing, and active network intelligence by subscribing to our channel or visiting www.ixiacom.com.Other link: ixiacom.com/company/blog/introduction-internet-encryption More about TLS 1.3Look at your URL bar right now. Do you see “https” in the website address? If it’s there, then be reassured — you aren’t at great risk. Does it only say “http” without the “s”? Then you should be worried. What does “https” mean? HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure and it means what it sounds like it means — that your connection is secure. When a website you visit has HTTPS in the address bar, your computer and that website are exchanging data via secure channel. Usually, this is delivered using protocols called SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security). In August 2018, the Internet Engineering Task Force passed the most recent standard for internet encryption — TLS 1.3. This standard update requires the generation of a new key pair, otherwise known as ephemeral keys, with every session. By creating ephemeral keys for every session, perfect forward secrecy is enforced. This means that if a hacker cracks one key and compromises a communication session, he/she cannot crack other communications from the past or in the future. The key generation method required by TLS 1.3 is called Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral or DHE. It is an algorithm built for robust cryptography and efficient ephemeral key creation. How does DHE work? For those of us who did not study computer science or computer engineering (or maybe just forgot), I am going to explain the basics of DHE with paint. Yes, you read that right. Let’s say Alice and Bob want to share a secret color that they don’t want anyone else to see. First, they each agree to a starting color that anyone can publicly see, say yellow. Second, Alice and Bob randomly select each of their own private colors to mix with yellow. Alice chooses red, and Bob wants blue. Alice’s mixture turns orange, and Bob’s turns green. Both mixtures disguise each of their private colors. Third, Alice sends her orange mixture to Bob, and Bob sends his green mixture to Alice. Someone from the outside looking at this exchange sees the colors yellow, green, and orange, but they cannot see the private colors. Finally, the magical step of the exchange: both Alice and Bob add their private colors to the mixture they received. Alice adds red to the green mixture, and Bob adds blue to the orange mixture. The final mixtures reveal the same brown-hued color for both Alice and Bob, their shared secret color. That person watching from the outside cannot see the shared secret color because they do not know what colors Alice and Bob added in private. Compromised data is everyone’s worst nightmare. A hacker can sell your information on the dark web, leak classified documents, demand ransom for information or photos, and track movements and activities. Hackers will use linked payment accounts to shop, expose your intellectual property, and steal your identity. The best way to prevent this is to use encryption in your network. And the most secure encrypted networks meet TLS 1.3 standards. As you can tell, it is important to encrypt data so that it remains secure. Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcasts#HowInternetEncryptionWorks #TransportLayerSecurity #HTTPsEncryption #TLS13 #InternetEncryption #DiffieHellman #KeyExchange #InternetAlgorithm #InternetSecurity #Cybersecurity #InternetSecurity #DataEncryption
How to Test Switch Mode Power Supplies with an Oscilloscope Keysight Labs 2019-11-21 | Easily test your SMPS and save lab timekeysight.com/find/free-sw-trial-oscilloscopes Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsIf you are working with switch mode power supplies, you are likely trying to improve efficiency, increase power density and reliability, comply with EMC regulations, improve power rail integrity, and decrease thermals. This is a lot to think about, and all this design optimization can increase test time. Learn how to easily test your switch mode power supplies and save time in the lab.The primary purpose of a power supply is to efficiently produce well-regulated and low-noise DC power from an input power rail.This video will show you how to test your switch mode power supplies with an oscilloscope. An oscilloscope is the most common tool for making power supply measurements since you can hook up both a voltage probe and a current probe to calculate power. Another reason why oscilloscopes are a great tool for characterizing power supplies, are the analysis applications that can run on them, making testing much more efficient. We'll demonstrate how to use power applications to efficiently measure and characterize your switch mode power supply.To try out these measurements on your Keysight InfiniiVision oscilloscope, download a free trial of the power application software here:keysight.com/find/free-sw-trial-oscilloscopes Learn more about testing switch mode power supplies in this webcast:youtube.com/watch?v=VLzcV9Sxt5QMore about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe digital storage oscilloscope we used:Keysight InfiniiVision DSO-X 4154A http://bit.ly/4000XScope#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #switchmodepowersupply #electricalengineering #power #powerquality #SMPS #currentharmonics #highspeeddigitaldesign #swithcmodepowersupplytesting #powersupplytesting #SMPStesting #SMPSoscilloscope
How to Analyze Jitter with an Oscilloscope using EZJIT Complete Keysight Labs 2019-11-12 | Does your scope have what it takes to ID the cause of jitter in your high-speed digital designs?Free signal integrity eBook: https://www.Keysight.com/find/digitalSIMythsClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsWith the faster edge speeds and shrinking data valid windows in today’s high-speed digital designs, insight into the causes of signal jitter is critical for ensuring the reliability of your design. To gain fast and accurate insight into your signal, you need advanced decomposition, analysis, and views of jitter. In this video, you’ll learn about some of the different solutions to meet these requirements, such as various histograms, bathtub plots, spectrum graphs, and threshold measurements.When evaluating an oscilloscope, you should be looking for jitter capabilities like:• Histograms and trend plots• Advanced level clock and data measurements such as time-interval error and unit interval measurements• Expert-level analysis with complete jitter separation in timing and noise• And phase noise measurements on clock signals, which you’ll only find on Keysight oscilloscopes.The jitter setup process and results can often seem daunting. This breakdown will help you better understand what the various test results, graphs, and charts are telling you about the jitter in your system and whether it's data-correlated or data-uncorrelated.Learn more about S-Series oscilloscopes at keysight.com/find/s-seriesCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe digital storage oscilloscope we used:MSOS804A keysight.com/en/pdx-x202079-pn-MSOS804A/high-definition-oscilloscope-8-ghz-4-analog-plus-16-digital-channels?cc=US&lc=eng #jitter #highspeeddigitaldesign #electricalengineering #jitteranalysis #signalintegrity #electronics #analyzejitterwithanoscilloscope #oscilloscopejitter #MeasureJitter #oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #JitterMeasurement #JitterPlothttps://www.Keysight.com/find/digitalSIMyths
Annoying Caps Lock Buzzer - BUILD VID! Keysight Labs 2019-11-07 | Say goodbye to unintentional caps-locking FOREVER with this custom USB accessoryFree Power eBook: Download: http://bit.ly/KeysPowerBookClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Time tags:1:43 - Build start4:00 - Daniel's 3 rules of surface mount soldering5:15 - Schematic Breakdown14:00 - Turn-on testingName the most annoying key on the keyboard......Correct!It's "Insert" - who actually uses that key?!..Now name the second most annoying key on the keyboard......Not sure what you came up with, but it's definitely the Caps Lock key..Do you ever accidentally fumble your keyboard and start typing with the Caps Lock enabled? It drove Glen crazy so he walked us through building an alarm that goes off while the caps key is enabled.This project uses a PIC16F1459 USB microcontroller to monitor the USB output report from a PC. This report contains the CAPS LOCK status (ON/OFF). When CAPS LOCK is enabled, the PIC turns on an annoying buzzer. Watch this video as we walk through the schematic, solder it together, and see if Daniel's surface mount soldering skills are worth their salt (spoiler: it's iffy).Build it yourself with Glen's write-up and Github:bikerglen.com/blog/the-annoying-caps-lock-warning-buzzergithub.com/bikerglen/caps-lock-buzzerGlen & Daniel on Twitter:twitter.com/bikerglentwitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsWho needs fancy custom DIY USB keyboards or a keyboard hack when you could have your own DIY single-key USB keyboard or an alarm like this.Check out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#PowerSupply #DIYKeyboard #CapsLockIndicator #CapsLockIndicatorBuild #DIYUSBKeyboard #DIYUSBProject #KeyboardElectronics #Electronics #Hack #KeyboardHack #CustomKeyboard #SingleKeyKeyboard #OneKeyKeyboard #electricalengineering #computerengineering
The Zen of Soldering Keysight Labs 2019-11-05 | Keep calm and solder on. That's a Zen proverb, right?Full project build video coming soon!Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Sometimes you just need to take a moment, hideaway in the lab, and get some soldering done.no distractionsno emailno bossjust fluxjust solderjust a PCB and some componentswhat more could you want?Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsTwitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#soldering #solder #surfacemount #surfacemountsolder #electronicssolder #ASMR #CalmEngineeringVideo #Flux#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering
😱 An Engineering Nightmare - Part 2 Keysight Labs 2019-10-29 | What could be scarier than broken test gear!?🎃 Happy Halloween from Keysight Labs!Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Last year's vid: youtube.com/watch?v=owxyuMBygpsHappy Halloween from all of us at Keysight Labs! We hope your Halloween is shock free and not this spoooooooky...Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogs#halloween #engineerhalloween #oscilloscoperepair #Keysighthalloween #Keysightscary#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #funnyhalloween #funnyengineerhalloween #halloweenengineerjoke
Electronic Test Gear Explained Keysight Labs 2019-10-25 | Can the EEVBlog Forum stump us? Classifying ANY piece of test gear...Free Poster Download: http://bit.ly/FamilyTreePosterClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Donate to #TeamTrees: teamtrees.org - every $1 plants a tree!Other Links:Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff:twitter.com/DanielBogdanoffKeysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThere’s a lot of test gear out there – each piece of gear comes with its own set of capabilities, form factors, and complexities. There’s so much variance out there that it’s hard to sort out what’s what, even for someone like me who spends all day every day working with it.But, it doesn’t have to be that complicated. Today we’re going to look at a method that I believe will give you a framework for grasping every single piece of test gear out there – a “test gear family tree” if you will. Is that to good to be true?Today we’re going to through a method that will let you classify every single piece of test gear out there, which will give you a good baseline to start from next time you find yourself in front of an instrument you’ve never used before. I also asked folks on the EEVBlog forum to stump me with the weirdest test gear they’ve come across to see if the system can be broken – at the end of this video we’ll look at those and see if this system holds up.This video is also part of the team trees YouTuber initiative to plant 20 million trees by 2020 – every $1 donated at teamtrees.org plants a tree in collaboration with the Arbor Day Foundation, so check that link out in the description as well!Finally, we’re toying with the idea of a scope giveaway at 100k subscribers, so hit like if you think that’s a good idea and get subscribed if you aren’t already!All right, let’s get started. Every piece of test gear falls into one of two categories, they are either an input-based device, meaning they take in information and do something with it, or an output-based device, meaning they take a user input and source out something. – and yes there are blends, but we’ll get to that later.These input and output devices also come in two flavorsThe first flavor is time-domain test gear – which, as you can probably guess, functions with respect to time, they usually work with parametric systems – like a DMM or function generator, or they work digital signals, for example a protocol analyzer.The other flavor is frequency domain test gear, often thought of as RF and microwave test gear – and these typically work with data communicated in specific frequency bands instead of bits changing over time. So, they typically give measurements or source signals that are focused in and around a frequency band.So, test gear is either input-based or output-based, and functions mainly in the time domain, or mainly in the frequency domain. Let’s dig in deeper, and explore test gear that is based on inputs.Input based test gear is used to get data. It takes something from the world around us, typically voltage or current, but sometimes things like temperature, pressure, or luminosity – and turns it into information we, the users, can use.From a spec standpoint, there’s really only two things that matter for input-focused test gear: the quantity of inputs, and the quality of inputs. Quantity is pretty straightforward – how many channels or ports does it have? but quality is trickier. The different flavors of test gear all have a different take on what input quality means, but typically the most important specs are related to noise floor, accuracy, and resolution. And, how good these specs are is dependent on the specific architecture and design of that instrument. Interestingly enough, input based test gear is all built around same basic architecture. I’m also going to leave out vintage gear and focus on modern, non-CRT gear, because those are a whole different ballgame.Just like input-based gear, the two big specs are signal quality and quantity, but output-based devices also have a huge range of signal types they can spit out, from generic sine waves to complex test patterns. Almost without fail, there are two main ways these get used by RF engineers. The first is to test expected behavior of a device. Basically, you take an ideal signal, or a golden signal, from your test gear and hook it up to your device, and then characterize and test your device under ideal conditions. Then, you try to break it. You mix up your golden signal and turn it into a terrible signal to see if your device can handle it, or to make sure your failure modes kick in properly.#TeamTrees #TestGear #TestGearFamilyTree #EEVblogForum #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #TestEquipment #TestInstruments
What is Sample Rate and What to Be Cautious Of Keysight Labs 2019-10-15 | Higher sample rate is better – until it isn't...Free whitepaper download: bit.ly/eBOOK_SigIntegrityClick to subscribe! ► bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Helpful Links:Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe simple lesson with sample rate is that more is better. But did you know that the method of achieving that high sample rate can actually distort your signal and throw off your measurements?We all know sample rate as one of the banner specifications of an oscilloscope. We’ve been taught that the higher the sample rate, the better the measurement will be. Don’t get me wrong, this still holds completely true. However, there is something to be warry of. Do you know exactly how your oscilloscope is achieving that high sample rate? That could make a huge difference in your measurements. Sample rate is the rate at which the sampler collects samples. The sample rate is measured in samples per second.This rate ultimately affects the signal you see on screen. In a well-designed oscilloscope, samples will occur at a consistent rate with no variation. Too low of a sample rate makes your signal look distorted and lacks signal detail. Under sampling could easily cause you to think that your signal is clean, when in fact it has several issues. With a high sample rate we see a nice smooth representation of our signal and can make accurate measurements on it. So, the key point here is the higher the sample rate, the higher the resolution of the trace. This will allow you to make more accurate measurements of your signal and catch any errors that may exist.However, you have to be warry of the method being used to achieve that high sample rate. This method can make or break your measurements, quite literally. The problem I’m referring to is called Interleave Distortion. To achieve high sample rates some scope vendors use 2 or more ADCs. The synchronized ADCs must have the same vertical gain, offset, and frequency response. If these interleaving requirements aren’t satisfied, the phase delay clocks will not be aligned causing inconsistent spacing between samples. The misaligned clocks cause the samples to be collected at varying intervals.Much like the distorted signal with too low of a sample rate that we saw earlier, any measurements you make on a signal like this will be completely inaccurate.So, in this case, the higher sample rate actually produces a less accurate waveform. However, there are many cases where interleaving is implemented correctly, like with the Keysight S-Series oscilloscopes we’re using today. Interleaving isn’t something to be afraid of, just something to be cautious of. In summary, always be cautious when you are working with both low and high sample rates. This is a key specification to monitor when you’re making measurements. Remember that the sample rate can automatically change as you adjust the time base settings, so be sure you are using the appropriate settings for the measurements you need to make. The key things to remember about sample rate in your testing are: 1. Sample rate refers to the rate at which the oscilloscope can collect data points, in Sa/s 2. Too low of a sample rate can cause distortion and skew your measurements 3. And lastly, Interleaved ADCs will present an impressive sample rate specification; however, if they are not properly synchronized this method can distort your signal.The sample rate is more than just an internal working of your oscilloscope. It has a profound impact on the trace you see. Sample rate determines whether you see an accurate representation of your signal, or a distorted one. As an engineer creating new digital designs in a world of increasingly fast data rates and high-precision devices, you don’t have any room for unnecessary development delays. Don’t let your oscilloscope’s internal errors affect your measurements. The digital storage oscilloscope we used:MSOS804A http://www.keysight.com/en/pcx-x205213/infiniium-s-series-oscilloscopes?cc=US&lc=engAll our scopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPES#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #samplerate #electricalengineering #signalintegrity #sseriesoscilloscopes #infiniiumoscillsocope #Keysightoscilloscope #bandwidth #waveform #oscilloscopesamplerate #OscilloscopeHowTo
How to test Automotive Serial Buses with Oscilloscopes Keysight Labs 2019-10-08 | Learn how to decode, trigger, and test your automotive serial buses with an oscilloscopeDownload a free software trial: http://bit.ly/SWFreeTrialsClick to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/KLabs_sub ◄Helpful Links:Download free mask files:http://bit.ly/KeysightMaskTestLearn more about eye diagrams in this video: youtube.com/watch?v=mnugUjaMN70&list=PLzHyxysSubUnQnk5Sd6twoQ_HHaf2EWnf&index=4&t=0sRead the automotive serial bus testing datasheet to learn more. literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5992-3912EN.pdf?id=3045317Keysight Bench Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightbenchKeysight RF Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightrfEEs Talk Tech Electrical Engineering podcast:eestalktech.com youtube.com/KeysightPodcastsCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe quality of our automotive designs becomes crucial as our cars get smarter and further integrated. We have more systems and subsystems in our vehicle’s designs requiring multiple serial buses, more hardware, and very thorough testing. Knowing how to test all your automotive buses will ensure that your designs are safe and functioning without error.In this video you will learn how to decode, trigger, and view your automotive serial buses with an oscilloscope. You’ll also learn how to symbolically decode your buses and use mask tests to further verify the quality of your serial bus. InfiniiVision oscilloscopes help you debug easier and faster with hardware based serial decoding, one million waveform per second update rate, a dual bus time interleaved protocol lister display, digital channels, segmented memory, and a real-time frame error counter.More about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:http://bit.ly/KeysTechBlogsThe digital storage oscilloscope we used - DSOX4154A :http://bit.ly/4000XScope#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #computerengineering #automotiveprotocols #CANprotocol #LINprotocol #ProtocolAnalysis #OscilloscopeProtocol #SerialBus #SerialBusAnalysis #oscilloscopedebug #AutomotiveEngineeringDownload a free trail of the InfiniiVision embedded software package here: connectlp.keysight.com/Free-SW-Trial-Oscilloscopes
How to Debug Embedded Designs with an Oscilloscope Keysight Labs 2019-10-01 | Protocol triggers, error counters, mask testing, and more!Click to subscribe! ► http://bit.ly/Scopes_Sub ◄Download a free trial of this software here: connectlp.keysight.com/Free-SW-Trial-OscilloscopesMore about Keysight oscilloscopes:http://bit.ly/SCOPESCheck out our blog:blogs.keysight.comLike our Facebook page:facebook.com/keysightscopesEmbedded designs consist of multiple serial protocols and components that require deeper analysis. In this video, learn how to test and debug your embedded or mixed-signal designs to find any errors that could disrupt your device’s performance. This video covers protocol triggering and decoding for I2C, SPI, UART, RS-232, I2S, USB power delivery.Today’s embedded designs based on microcontrollers and digital signal processors with chip-to-chip communications often include a combination of analog signals, digital I/O buses, and serial buses. With an oscilloscope you can characterize the analog quality of your signal and time-correlate serial activity with other analog and digital I/O signals. InfiniiVision oscilloscopes help you debug easier and faster with hardware based serial decoding, one million waveform per second update rate, a dual bus time interleaved protocol lister display, digital channels, segmented memory, and a real-time frame error counter. Download a free trial of the InfiniiVision embedded software package here: connectlp.keysight.com/Free-SW-Trial-Oscilloscopes. Not only does it allow you to decode I2C, SPI, UART, RS-232, I2S, USB power deliver, but also provides switch mode power supply analysis, mask testing, frequency response analysis, and HDTV video trigger.If you need to validate the quality and stability of your components or systems, the mask limit testing capability can save you time and provide pass/fail statistics almost instantly. Mask testing offers a fast and easy way to test your signals to specified standards, as well as the ability to uncover unexpected signal anomalies, such as glitches. Mask testing on other oscilloscopes is usually based on software-intensive processing technology, which tends to be slow. Much like the software decoding you learned about.With the mask testing being performed in hardware, you can test up to 270,000 real-time waveform pass/fail tests per second. This makes your testing throughput orders of magnitude faster than what you can achieve on other oscilloscope’s software mask test.The creation of the mask is simple with the automask functionality and option to upload custom masks. You can also download multi-region masks and setups based on industry standards on our website.Frequency Response Analysis (or FRA) is often a critical measurement used to characterize the frequency response of a variety of today’s electronic designs, including passive filters, amplifier circuits, and negative feedback networks of switch mode power supplies (or the loop response). This frequency-domain measurement capability is achieved with a swept gain and phase measurement versus frequency. This is also known as a Bode plot. The InfiniiVision oscilloscope uses the scope’s built-in waveform generator to stimulate the circuit under test at various frequency settings and then captures the input and output signals using two channels of the oscilloscope. At each test frequency, the scope measures, computes, plots gain logarithmically and phase linearly.And lastly, Whether you’re debugging consumer electronics with HDTV or characterizing a design, the enhanced HDTV video triggering and analysis provides support for a variety of HDTV standards. This enhanced video measurement capability supports a video IRE display grid with cursor measurements performed in video IRE units for NTSC and PAL standards. In addition, enhanced video analysis provides an array of additional HDTV triggering standards that will help speed up debug and characterization.#oscilloscope #oscilloscopes #electronics #electricalengineering #embeddeddesign #embeddedprogramming #embeddeddesigns #oscilloscopetutorial #keysight #computerengineering #software #electronicsengineering
