Founders Baptist
The Necessity of Christ’s Death | Galatians 2:15-21 | Richard Caldwell
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We have been examining God’s promise to be Israel’s shepherd. We have been examining the many WAYS that God will fulfill that promise in the Messiah.
He will be their savior (9:14-17)
He will be their provider (10:1)
He will be their guide (10:1-2)
He will be their defender (10:3a)
He will be their strength-giver (10:3b-6a)
And last time we saw that He will be their restorer (10:6b-12)
But when will these things be?
And what will the Lord conquer in Israel herself, as He brings these promises to pass?
Israel had not just been oppressed. Israel has been judged.
She has proven herself perpetually foolish. And before the Lord brings all of these promises to pass, she is told that she will prove foolish in the most egregious way imaginable.
THE ONE WHO PROMISES TO BE HER SHEPHERD WILL COME TO HER AND SHE WILL REJECT HIM.
Israel has been devoured by false shepherds, BUT SHE CANNOT PLEAD INNOCENT.
WHY?
BECAUSE HER DEVOURERS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN ENABLED BY HER SINFUL DESIRES.
ESV Jeremiah 5:30 An appalling and horrible thing has happened in the land: 31 the prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests rule at their direction; my people love to have it so, but what will you do when the end comes?
We should have a clear understanding of this because this is seen in more than just Israel isn’t it?
This is still taking place during the church age.
False shepherds, devouring shepherds, trading on the people of God, but the reason why they can have influence, in many cases, is because of the sinful desires of the people they take advantage of.
The sinful desires of professing God worshipers open the door for the operation of their deceivers.
Well, the GREATEST DISPLAY OF THOSE SINFUL DESIRES IN ISRAEL’S ENTIRE HISTORY WILL BE WHEN HER SHEPHERD COMES TO HER AND SHE REJECTS HIM — AND THE RESULT WILL BE A GREAT DESTRUCTION FOLLOWED BY A GREAT DECEIVER.
This passage is one of the most poetic in Zechariah, and so some of it has proven difficult for commentators, but the general meaning of our verses is clear.
I. THE DEVASTATION OF FUTURE JUDGMENT (vs.1-3)
The first picture that Zechariah is given to deliver is of a consuming fire that sweeps through the land and destroys the glorious land.
Lebanon was famous for its cedars.
And if the cedars are to be devoured, then what about the cypress trees? They should wail, because if the cedars are devoured, they won’t be spared.
Move south to Bashan, and its thick forests will fall.
Move to the thicket of Jordan, and it too will be ruined.
The glorious features of the land are destined for ruin, because the enemy will come in and destroy.
And what is poetically pictured goes beyond the land. It includes the people who live in the land. The SHEPHERDS WILL WAIL because their glory will be consumed.
What God promised to do in the 10th chapter is taking place in the 11th.
ESV Zechariah 10:3 "My anger is hot against the shepherds, and I will punish the leaders; for the LORD of hosts cares for his flock, the house of Judah, and will make them like his majestic steed in battle.
Those who have devoured the people of God will see their glory ruined.
John MacArthur states what many other commentators believe as well, and what I believe to be probable.
The people of God live our lives out of our KNOWLEDGE OF GOD.
Every day, in every circumstance, through every joy and through every trial, our LIFE IS GOD HIMSELF. And we know God in and through His Son, our Lord, Jesus Christ. To LIVE IS CHRIST. Our knowledge of God is informed by all the Scriptures but has been personally formed through our belief in the gospel.
To know that name is to live a life of PEACE.
To know that name is to live a life of TRUST.
To know that name is to live a life with the confidence that you will NEVER BE FORSAKEN.
ESV Psalm 9:10 And those who know your name put their trust in you, for you, O LORD, have not forsaken those who seek you.
To know God is to know that you are blessed beyond imagination, and that the God who has saved you, made you His own by His own mercy and grace, is INFINITELY worthy of YOUR PRAISE.
To know God is to live a life of BLESSING HIS NAME and BEING THANKFUL IN YOUR HEART.
David knew this. And in Psalm 139, David celebrates this.
The question I want you to consider as we begin this morning is whether YOU know this?
Do you know the living God through faith in Christ?
Do you know His peace, the confidence of your safety regardless of circumstances, because YOU KNOW HIS NAME?
Do you know a life of recognizing His blessings to you so that you live a life of BLESSING HIS NAME and BEING THANKFUL FOR HIS MERCIES?
Are you a person filled with praise and filled with thanksgiving?
This morning, we celebrate the life we have been given in Christ as we celebrate the God who is worthy of our praises.
We will examine this Psalm under four headings.
I. A PERSONAL CALL TO BLESS THE LORD (vs.1-2)
David begins this Psalm at the point of personal praise.
It is praise that exists as a matter of personal commitment. It is VOLITIONAL. It is DECISIONAL. David calls upon himself to give to God what is God is due.
It is praise that exists as a matter of genuine commitment. This is not a call to go through the motions of praise, but to praise God from the heart. “ALL THAT IS WITHIN ME!”
It is praise that exists as matter of knowledgeable commitment. It is God’s HOLY NAME that is reason for David’s personal praise.
It is praise that exists as a matter of reflective commitment. The praise flows from gratefulness. The praise flows from alert memories. It is praise that desires to be mindful of EVERYTHING that God has done for David.
David is preaching to himself, but in a way that accords with the TRUTH. He is calling upon himself to remember and to recount the TRUTH of who God is and what God has done.
Willem VanGemeren — “Praise is the response of awe for God while reflecting on what the Lord has done for the people of God throughout the history of redemption, for creation at large, for the community, and for oneself.”
II. A CALL TO REMEMBER HIS BLESSINGS (vs.3-5)
So, David begins to RESPOND to his own call.
He gives examples of how this personal call to praise should function in a believer’s life.
A. OUR LIFE IS A FORGIVEN LIFE (vs.3a)
B. OUR LIFE IS A BLESSED LIFE (vs.3b)
It seems that the reference to diseases (in this context) speaks of more than just health, it speaks of the results of real forgiveness of sins. It is metaphorical for all that God does in the way of restoring us and giving us less than our sins deserve because He is merciful to us.
ESV Study Bible — “Heals often refers to curing someone from a physical sickness, but it can also be used as a metaphor for restoring the moral and spiritual life (e.g., Isa. 6:10; 53:5; Jer. 3:22; Hos. 14:4). Since it is in parallel with forgives, the metaphorical use may be intended here. Thus iniquity is like diseases, which weaken and corrupt; it is God’s mercy that takes them away. These sentiments reflect David’s own experience of God’s forgiveness (cf. 2 Samuel 12; Psalm 51).”
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God’s strengthening of Israel, that leads to victory over their oppressors, is on display through what God performed during the Maccabean victory over the Greeks.
And God’s unconditional promise to shepherd a redeemed Israel, in their land, in fulfillment of the hopes given to their fathers, is on display in a six-fold description of how God will shepherd them in and through His Son in a future kingdom.
Last time we looked at five of the ways that God presents Himself as Israel’s shepherd, and by doing so, calls Zechariah’s generation to seek Him NOW in view of these future promises.
I. THE SHEPHERD AS SAVIOR (9:14-17)
II. THE SHEPHERD AS PROVIDER (10:1)
III. THE SHEPHERD AS GUIDE (10:1-2)
IV. THE SHEPHERD AS DEFENDER (10:3a)
V. THE SHEPHERD AS STRENGTH GIVER (10:3b-6a)
1. THE MESSIAH IS THE FOUNDATION FOR ALL THAT GOD WILL PROVIDE
2. THE MESSIAH IS THE CENTER FOR ALL THAT GOD WILL PROVIDE
3. THE MESSIAH IS THE STRENGTH FOR ALL THAT GOD WILL PROVIDE
4. THE MESSIAH IS THE SOURCE FOR ALL THAT GOD WILL PROVIDE
Now, as we finish this chapter, we see the shepherd as Israel’s restorer.
VI. THE SHEPHERD AS RESTORER (10:6b-12)
A great day of salvation is coming for Israel.
ESV Romans 11:25 Lest you be wise in your own sight, I do not want you to be unaware of this mystery, brothers: a partial hardening has come upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And in this way all Israel will be saved, as it is written, "The Deliverer will come from Zion, he will banish ungodliness from Jacob"; 27 "and this will be my covenant with them when I take away their sins." 28 As regards the gospel, they are enemies for your sake. But as regards election, they are beloved for the sake of their forefathers. 29 For the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable. 30 For just as you were at one time disobedient to God but now have received mercy because of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now been disobedient in order that by the mercy shown to you they also may now receive mercy. 32 For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all. 33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways! 34 "For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor?" 35 "Or who has given a gift to him that he might be repaid?" 36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.
In general terms, there are three main sections within these verses. As commentators have pointed out you could describe what the Lord says He will do in these three ways.
HE WILL RESTORE THEM PHYSICALLY (vs.6-7)
HE WILL RESTORE THEM SPIRITUALLY (vs.8-9)
HE WILL ESTABLISH THEM PERMANENTLY (vs.10-12)
But what I would like to do tonight is to examine these verses under two main headings. I would like to consider what these verses say by hearing what our God says Israel will be, and how He explains Why Israel will be. I want to do it this way because in each of the three sections there are aspects of what God says that He will do that are repeated.
A. WHAT ISRAEL WILL BE
To say it another way, in what ways does God promise to be Israel’s restorer? How will her shepherd restore her?
1. A UNITED PEOPLE (vs.6)
After Solomon’s death, as you know, Israel divided into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom and the southern kingdom. Judah is the southern kingdom, and Joseph refers to the northern kingdom. What you find most often in the Old Testament is the northern kingdom being identified with Ephraim, who was Joseph’s son. But in this case, it is Joseph who represents the northern kingdom.
Since we began our study of the book of Revelation I have said, more than once, that the struggle that some people have with the descriptions of God’s judgments that will come upon this world in the future (too great or too strange), is a struggle that really reveals a lack of faith in Scripture as a whole.
What I mean is that the very things that God says He is bringing upon the world in the future, are the very same things that He has ALREADY brought upon the world in the past. The difference has to do with scope and intensity.
This is especially clear as we arrive at the final acts of God’s wrath — the seven bowls of wrath.
The seventh trumpet was sounded at the end of Revelation 11.
ESV Revelation 11:15 Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, saying, "The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign forever and ever."
There was an extended interlude in which additional information was given about what had already been revealed, and about what was still to come.
Additional information about Israel, about an angelic victory over the dragon, about the antichrist, about the false prophet, about the 144,000 witnesses and their ultimate victory, about the angelic preaching of the gospel, about the two stages of final wrath on the world of humanity at the end of the tribulation period, and about heaven’s delight and adoration in view of that judgment.
Now, in chapter 16, we are told what happens when that 7th trumpet sounded. So, we are now picking up where we left off in chapter 11 verse 15.
Earlier, in chapter 10, we were told that the 7th trumpet would represent the very end.
ESV Revelation 10:7 but that in the days of the trumpet call to be sounded by the seventh angel, the mystery of God would be fulfilled, just as he announced to his servants the prophets.
Well, what we see is that the 7th trumpet unleashes 7 bowls of wrath.
ESV Revelation 15:1 Then I saw another sign in heaven, great and amazing, seven angels with seven plagues, which are the last, for with them the wrath of God is finished.
And now, we begin to see what God will pour out upon mankind in rapid fire fashion.
I. THE FIRST BOWL OF WRATH (vs.1-2)
Once again, we see that our God makes use of His holy angels.
We see that this activity originates in the very throne room of God, which is His sanctuary.
What is poured out is an expression of God’s wrath — God’s anger — and it is His holy anger against impenitent sinners and their sins.
The scope of this judgment is THE ENTIRE EARTH.
The judgments we see are similar to the judgments poured out earlier in the book of Revelation — when the seven seals are opened — but these are greater in intensity and scope.
What is poured out from the first bowl becomes a malignant sore.
This reminds us of the judgment of God upon Egypt. In their case, the 6th plague came in the form of painful boils.
ESV Exodus 9:9 It shall become fine dust over all the land of Egypt, and become boils breaking out in sores on man and beast throughout all the land of Egypt." 10 So they took soot from the kiln and stood before Pharaoh. And Moses threw it in the air, and it became boils breaking out in sores on man and beast. 11 And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils came upon the magicians and upon all the Egyptians.
The Greek word for sore is a word that can speak of a boil, or skin abscesses. It is described as loathsome and malignant. When πονηρός (translated malignant) is used in reference to a bodily ailment it means “painful, virulent, serious.”
The word kakos is used for “loathsome.” Some translations have it UGLY.
The picture is clear enough. Painful sores that men can’t rid themselves of.
What God promised in the way of curses upon His disobedient covenant people, He now pours out upon all the earth.
ESV Deuteronomy 28:27 The LORD will strike you with the boils of Egypt, and with tumors and scabs and itch, of which you cannot be healed.
BUT JUST AS THE PLAGUES OF EGYPT DIDN’T TROUBLE ISRAEL, SO THESE PLAGUES WILL NOT TROUBLE BELIEVERS.
These painful sores come upon those who have taken the mark of the beast and worshipped his image.
NOTE: WOULDN’T YOU THINK THAT SUCH A DISTINCTION WOULD AWAKEN HUMANITY?
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It is good news because it means that justice will not be denied forever. God is keeping track. God will right the wrongs. Unrepentant sinners will be held accountable for their wrongs, and forgiven sinners will give glory to God forever because even God’s grace to them did not deny justice. JESUS PAID FOR OUR SINS.
ESV Romans 3:21 But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it-- 22 the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction: 23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, 24 and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, 25 whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.
It is good news because it affords the unsaved man or woman the opportunity to repent and turn to Christ and be delivered from God’s wrath. Is it not good news when a disaster is on its way and people are warned and as a result heed the warning and are delivered? Well, the wrath of God in the judgment of the world is on its way and this passage WARNS.
It is good news because it makes plain that though God is dishonored, His glory will not be denied. God IS glorious and the entire world will acknowledge it, be it acknowledged willingly or unwillingly. God’s name will be vindicated, His PEOPLE will be vindicated, His power will be manifested, His truth will be upheld.
It is good news because it is the day that the glorified Christ will be seen for who He truly is — the TRIUMPHANT Christ, the rightful JUDGE of all humanity, the rightful owner and inheritor of all that God has made, the KING OF KINGS and the LORD OF LORDS.
Revelation 14:14-20 describes two stages of the outpouring of God’s wrath at the end of the tribulation period.
I. THE FIRST STAGE OF JUDGMENT — THE GRAIN HARVEST (vs.14-16)
The very first thing that John relates, we know to be the appearance of the Son of God.
A. THE APPEARANCE OF THE SON (vs.14)
This is the same one that Daniel spoke of.
ESV Daniel 7:13 "I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him. 14 And to him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom one that shall not be destroyed.
1. THE WHITE CLOUD
This speaks of His glory and majesty. He is sitting, waiting for the command from His Father who has entrusted this judgment to Him.
ESV John 5:21 For as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whom he will. 22 For the Father judges no one, but has given all judgment to the Son, 23 that all may honor the Son, just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him.
It was in a scene of FALSE JUDGMENT that the true judge spoke of His future coming in glory.
ESV Mark 14:60 And the high priest stood up in the midst and asked Jesus, "Have you no answer to make? What is it that these men testify against you?" 61 But he remained silent and made no answer. Again the high priest asked him, "Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?" 62 And Jesus said, "I am, and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven." 63 And the high priest tore his garments and said, "What further witnesses do we need? 64 You have heard his blasphemy. What is your decision?" And they all condemned him as deserving death.
This calls to mind the very way that Christ’s disciples were told He would return.
ESV Acts 1:9 And when he had said these things, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight. 10 And while they were gazing into heaven as he went, behold, two men stood by them in white robes, 11 and said, "Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven."
2. THE SON OF MAN
This title is also found in the Daniel 7 reference. It was a favorite title of Christ. It speaks of His true humanity. It speaks of His humbling of Himself. The very same one who was born in Bethlehem, lived and taught in the land of Israel, performed miracles, was ill spoken of and mistreated, was rejected and crucified, was buried and raised, IS THE ONE SITTING ON THIS CLOUD.
In chapter 14:14-20 WE SEE A DEPICTION OF THAT WRATH that should elicit from lost humanity GREAT FEAR.
And just as the church embraces truth by rejoicing in the TRIUMPH of Jesus Christ, the church embraces truth by WARNING lost humanity of the wrath that is coming.
The final wrath of God upon the earth is depicted in this text in two stages.
There will be judgments poured out upon mankind BEFORE the Lord Jesus comes from heaven. And there will be judgment executed upon mankind BY THE LORD JESUS as He comes from heaven.
Clearly, as we saw in chapter 15, those bowl judgments are presented as the FINAL judgments.
ESV Revelation 15:1 Then I saw another sign in heaven, great and amazing, seven angels with seven plagues, which are the last, for with them the wrath of God is finished.
ESV Revelation 15:7 And one of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God who lives forever and ever, 8 and the sanctuary was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from his power, and no one could enter the sanctuary until the seven plagues of the seven angels were finished.
But the 6th Bowl of wrath makes the way possible for the nations to be gathered for a great slaughter.
ESV Revelation 16:12 The sixth angel poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water was dried up, to prepare the way for the kings from the east. 13 And I saw, coming out of the mouth of the dragon and out of the mouth of the beast and out of the mouth of the false prophet, three unclean spirits like frogs. 14 For they are demonic spirits, performing signs, who go abroad to the kings of the whole world, to assemble them for battle on the great day of God the Almighty. 15 ("Behold, I am coming like a thief! Blessed is the one who stays awake, keeping his garments on, that he may not go about naked and be seen exposed!") 16 And they assembled them at the place that in Hebrew is called Armageddon.
That battle, on the great day of God, will result in a judgment executed by Christ directly.
ESV Revelation 19:11 Then I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse! The one sitting on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he judges and makes war. 12 His eyes are like a flame of fire, and on his head are many diadems, and he has a name written that no one knows but himself. 13 He is clothed in a robe dipped in blood, and the name by which he is called is The Word of God. 14 And the armies of heaven, arrayed in fine linen, white and pure, were following him on white horses. 15 From his mouth comes a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations, and he will rule them with a rod of iron. He will tread the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God the Almighty. 16 On his robe and on his thigh he has a name written, King of kings and Lord of lords. 17 Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and with a loud voice he called to all the birds that fly directly overhead, "Come, gather for the great supper of God, 18 to eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of captains, the flesh of mighty men, the flesh of horses and their riders, and the flesh of all men, both free and slave, both small and great." 19 And I saw the beast and the kings of the earth with their armies gathered to make war against him who was sitting on the horse and against his army. 20 And the beast was captured, and with it the false prophet who in its presence had done the signs by which he deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped its image. These two were thrown alive into the lake of fire that burns with sulfur. 21 And the rest were slain by the sword that came from the mouth of him who was sitting on the horse, and all the birds were gorged with their flesh.
Now, make no mistake about it, THE LORD JESUS CHRIST IS THE JUDGE in ALL these judgments.
And the world will recognize it.
The wrath of God — which is the wrath of the Lamb — is being poured upon the earth with EVERY judgment during the tribulation period. THAT IS CHRIST’S WRATH ALSO.
ESV Revelation 6:15 Then the kings of the earth and the great ones and the generals and the rich and the powerful, and everyone, slave and free, hid themselves in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains, 16 calling to the mountains and rocks, "Fall on us and hide us from the face of him who is seated on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb, 17 for the great day of their wrath has come, and who can stand?"
This is why Christ’s judgment can be depicted as Him swinging a sharp instrument for cutting down grain at harvest time, even before He treads out the winepress of the wrath of God in a more DIRECT fashion. Christ is swinging his instrument for judgment, IN EVERY JUDGMENT.
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To be clear, we are talking about a FUTURE Israel, a MESSIANIC KINGDOM Israel, and therefore, a SAVED Israel. But the promises that God made to their fathers regarding a land, a kingdom, their Messiah, and their prosperity, their restoration, their witness — God assures He will bring to pass. And many of those assurances are found in the book of Zechariah.
When you look at the section that describes the advance of Alexander the Great and the judgment of Syrian cities, and cities of Philistia, history makes clear that this was fulfilled in a very literal way. When you look at the section that describes a victory over Greece, history makes clear that this was fulfilled in a very literal way through the victories of the Maccabees. When you look at what God gave through Zechariah that describes the first coming of Messiah — Him making His entrance in a way that speaks of humility as well as majesty, riding in on the colt of a donkey (9:9), it was fulfilled in a very literal way.
And when it speaks of a future glorious age for Israel, described in terms that Israel has never known to this day, it will be fulfilled literally.
Israel’s Shepherd will come to them not just in Jerusalem riding on a colt — He will come to them to deliver, restore, strengthen, and bless when He returns from heaven.
What He does for them will not be separate from what He does for all of His people in the kingdom that is coming. But what He does for gentile believers, will not keep Him from fulfilling in very specific terms what He has promised to do for Jewish believers in that future kingdom.
ONCE AGAIN, WE SEE THAT FUTURE PROMISE IS TIED TO PRESENT EXHORTATIONS. WE ALSO FIND THAT PRESENT DELIVERANCES AND BLESSINGS TESTIFY OF SOMETHING EVEN GREATER COMING IN THE FUTURE.
Tonight, we see how God promises that He will be Israel’s Shepherd, in His Son, and that He will do this supremely in the last days.
Tonight, we begin looking at six ways that God promises to Shepherd them.
I. THE SHEPHERD AS SAVIOR (vs.14-17)
We reach back to verses 14-16 because this is where the shepherding theme begins to emerge. God promises to protect them, to grant them victory over their enemies, and to produce in them a renewal presented in the terms of youthful prosperity and blessing.
And in verse 16 this is described as salvation, and a shepherd’s relationship over a radiant people. For a people to be described this way, it is the promise of an obedient people. Remember, their times of trouble have come because of covenant disobedience. Their repentance and faith is necessary for restoration. God will graciously produce in that people, the heart response necessary for His blessing. THAT IS SALVATION.
They will experience His goodness (vs.17).
They will reflect His beauty (vs.17).
Their youthful radiance is described in connection with a prosperous land (vs.17).
II. THE SHEPHERD AS PROVIDER (10:1)
Those things are picked up in verse 1 of chapter 10. The promise of salvation, the promise of restoration and prosperity, now issues in a call to SEEK THEIR GOD AS THEIR PROVIDER.
This describes the wondrous reality of answered prayer.
God exhorts His people, commands His people, invites His people, to ask Him for what He has promised to give. And then He gives them what He has exhorted them to ask for.
There is nothing more important for an agrarian society than RAIN.
The false gods of the nations, were in many cases, god’s thought to control WEATHER.
The true God, the living God, the true sovereign over the planet and over weather patterns, EXHORTS THEM TO ASK HIM!
In view what God says He will bring to pass, Israel is now exhorted to ask for it.
And what God is promising to give, in this case, is the flourishing of the land that was described in verse 17.
One of the most trustworthy spiritual diagnostics when examining a person’s relationship to God, is to ask, “What do you think about God’s wrath?”
What do you think about God judging sinners?
What do you think about an eternal place of torment?
Who deserves that wrath?
Who is destined for that wrath?
How can someone ESCAPE that wrath?
IS THAT WRATH CONTRARY TO THE CLAIM THAT GOD IS A GOOD GOD?
Is such punishment JUST?
Is such punishment RIGHTEOUS?
AND, PERHAPS ABOVE ALL, DOES THAT WRATH OF GOD GLORIFY GOD?
IS THERE SOMETHING ABOUT THE WRATH OF GOD THAT A HEAVENLY PERSPECTIVE REJOICES IN?
AND WHERE DO YOUR VIEWS COME FROM?
Your view of the wrath of God — what do you base it on?
Who or what has informed your viewpoint on all of this?
I bring this is up because in Revelation 15 we have the final PREPARATION for THE FINAL CHAPTER OF GOD’S WRATH POURED OUT UPON MANKIND IN THE TRIBULATION PERIOD.
The seven bowls of wrath are about to be unleashed, and John is given a vision that gives us HEAVEN’S PERSPECTIVE on what God is about to do.
It gives us THE SAVED PERSON’S PERSPECTIVE of what God is about to do.
And what you find is not a CONDEMNATION of God executing His wrath, not a QUESTIONING of God’s goodness — what you find is a CELEBRATION of God’s final acts of judgment.
This challenges OUR perspectives, doesn’t it? This challenges OUR affections. Do we have heaven’s perspective of the wrath of God? Is our response to God’s wrath a HOLY RESPONSE?
I. A SCENE OF WORSHIP (vs.1-4)
The first thing we note is what this scene speaks of — the significance of the scene. And as we consider the significance of this scene, the first thing we take note of
A. THE SUBJECT MATTER FOR THIS SCENE
It is a sign. So, what John sees is designed to signify something beyond itself. It is a visual meant to communicate TRUTH to us. It is POINTING US to truths related to this outpouring of the wrath of God. The scene is a teaching instrument.
What is GREAT and AMAZING about it is not just what John saw visually, but the greatness, the great significance of what the SIGN IS TELLING US ABOUT.
THE SIGN HAS TO DO WITH THE FINAL OUTPOURING OF THE WRATH OF GOD UPON HUMANITY PRIOR TO THE RETURN OF CHRIST FROM HEAVEN.
God’s wrath is a weighty subject, and what is about to come is the FINAL EXECUTION OF IT UPON MAN prior to the return of Christ.
This is what he tells us in the rest of verse 1.
SEVEN ANGELS
SEVEN PLAGUES (a blow or a wound)
THE LAST ONES
THE WRATH OF GOD IS FINISHED WITH THESE
B. THE LOCATION FOR THIS SCENE
What John sees is taking place before the throne of God. He sees a see of glass or crystal and this vision of the throne room of God has been spoken of before in Scripture.
ESV Revelation 4:5 From the throne came flashes of lightning, and rumblings and peals of thunder, and before the throne were burning seven torches of fire, which are the seven spirits of God, 6 and before the throne there was as it were a sea of glass, like crystal. And around the throne, on each side of the throne, are four living creatures, full of eyes in front and behind:
NAS Exodus 24:9 Then Moses went up with Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, 10 and they saw the God of Israel; and under His feet there appeared to be a pavement of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself.
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It is highly instructive, to note how God makes use of the past, and the future, to exhort His people in the present.
The past, the present, and the future, often presented in eschatological passages in a way that almost blends them together, in the interest of informing and empowering the hope of God’s people facing their current circumstances.
That teaches us that we are never meant to see the past and the future in a way ISOLATED from TODAY, but rather, in a way THAT INFORMS our living for God TODAY.
Do you read your Bible that way?
Do you read about what God has done in the past, and what He promises to do in the future, and remind yourself that it is the very same God, working in a way that demonstrates His eternal nature and character, who is working in your life THIS VERY MOMENT?
ESV Malachi 3:6 "For I the LORD do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed. (Mal. 3:6 ESV)
DO YOU REMIND YOURSELF THAT GOD WANTS US TO MAKE THAT CONNECTION.
We see a tremendous example of that in our verses tonight.
In this 9th chapter we have seen
THE WEIGHTINESS OF GOD’S RETRIBUTION
THE WEIGHTINESS OF GOD’S REDEMPTION
THE WEIGHTINESS OF GOD’S RULE
That revelation from God is SWEEPING in terms of the times being covered.
God’s judgment upon Syria, and the cities of the Mediterranean eastern coastline, and the cities of Philistia, through the military campaign of Alexander the Great in in the 330’s.
God’s Son making His way into the city of Jerusalem a little over 500 years from the time of Zechariah’s prophecy.
God’s Son ruling over the earth in the peace of righteousness at a time STILL FUTURE, over 2500 years from the time that Zecheriah wrote.
The age we are living in, the church age — existing between verses 9 and 10 of this chapter.
An enormous time span, existing in four parts, covered in 10 verses.
This passage is similar.
I. A CALL TO RETURN IN VIEW OF GOD’S PROMISE TO BLESS (vs.11-12)
The first thing that we note in our verses is that Zechariah’s message is being addressed to his contemporaries.
Here is what happens to these people, and cities.
Here is what can be expected in the future.
BUT WHAT ABOUT US?
WHAT ABOUT OUR OWN TIME?
What this leads to for Zechariah’s hearers is A CALL TO RETURN that is married to A PROMISE OF RESTORATION.
A. GOD’S DELIVERANCE (vs.11)
What God is going to do is so certain that it is described as already having occurred. He will set Israel’s captives free.
They are described as being held in a waterless pit.
This wasn’t unusual imagery. Cisterns without water would sometimes be used as a prison.
This would have brought a couple of situations to mind in the case of Zecharaiah’s hearers.
JOSEPH
ESV Genesis 37:18 They saw him from afar, and before he came near to them they conspired against him to kill him. 19 They said to one another, "Here comes this dreamer. 20 Come now, let us kill him and throw him into one of the pits. Then we will say that a fierce animal has devoured him, and we will see what will become of his dreams." 21 But when Reuben heard it, he rescued him out of their hands, saying, "Let us not take his life." 22 And Reuben said to them, "Shed no blood; throw him into this pit here in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him"-- that he might rescue him out of their hand to restore him to his father. 23 So when Joseph came to his brothers, they stripped him of his robe, the robe of many colors that he wore. 24 And they took him and threw him into a pit. The pit was empty; there was no water in it.
And, of course, God DELIVERED him from that pit and exalted him in the end.
God’s power is at work for the PRESERVATION of His people.
God’s power is demonstrated by the PERSEVERANCE of His people.
Two weeks ago, we talked about that two-sided spiritual coin of the perseverance of the saints, and the preservation of the saints. We noted that our perseverance is explained by God’s preserving power. We truly persevere, but THROUGH the faith that God sustains, by the STRENGTH that God supplies.
What we are reminded about this morning, is that God’s does this through a variety of means.
WHATEVER MEANS THAT GOD USES, IT ALWAYS REPRESENTS GOD’S PERSONAL WORK.
God’s power is known by us in a PERSONAL WAY — His Spirit carries out His work.
The Holy Spirit is our guarantee of the inheritance given to us in Christ. The Holy Spirit represents Christ’s presence with us until we meet with our Savior. The Holy Spirit works to teach us, to correct, to guide, to comfort, to strengthen — GOD IS PERSONALLY AT WORK PRESERVING US WHATEVER MEANS HE CHOOSES TO USE.
And He uses all the circumstances of our lives — including persecution — to form Christ’s character in us.
BUT HE CARRIES OUT OF THAT PRESERVING WORK IN A WAY THAT INVOLVES OUR FAITH.
ESV 1 Peter 1:3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4 to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you, 5 who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.
That faith requires TRUTH.
That faith RESPONDS to truth.
And one of the truths that God uses for the preservation and perseverance of His people is the KNOWLEDGE OF WHAT AWAITS THOSE WHO REFUSE CHRIST.
GOD USES WARNINGS IN THE PRESERVATION OF HIS PEOPLE.
When God warns, His people have ears to hear.
When God describes the treasures that exist in Christ, and the everlasting loss that is experienced when people die without Christ, the people of God BELIEVE HIM and continue in the choice they made the day they received Christ.
None of this is ever in doubt in the case of truly converted people. But what we are observing from Scripture is how GOD DOES IT.
We saw, in verses 6-11, angelic messengers who will preach to the whole earth at the end of the tribulation period.
1. An angel with the message of the gospel
2. An angel with the message of judgment upon the system of antichrist.
3. An angle with a description of the damnation that will be experienced by people who refuse the gospel and follow after the beast.
A WORLD ALREADY WITHOUT EXCUSE IS GIVEN AN EVEN GREATER WITNESS THAT LEAVES NO DOUBT THAT IT IS WITHOUT EXCUSE.
Now, in verses 12 and 13, we see how the knowledge of all of this — what awaits those who reject God’s merciful call to worship Him alone — is tied directly to the perseverance of God’s people.
I. THE CONTINUANCE OF THE SAINTS OF GOD (vs.12a)
Before we talk about the continuance of the saints, let us just be clear about what that word “saints” signifies. It signifies the fact that the people of God are now set apart from the world and belong to God. The word speaks of holiness, and their holiness in this context consists of their positional sanctification. They are GOD’S PEOPLE.
Forgiven by God.
Justified by God.
Purchased for God.
Taken hold of by God.
Transferred by God.
Safe in the hand of God.
In short, SET APART UNTO GOD or DEDICATED TO GOD, CONSECRATED TO GOD, by GOD’S DOING.
These are the people in view.
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Marriage, as God designed it, is not a cultural invention or a temporary convenience—it is His creation. From the beginning, God established marriage between one man and one woman for life, a covenant relationship meant to reflect the gospel itself. Through the joys and trials of marriage, believers are given a unique opportunity to glorify Christ, display His love, and grow in sanctification.
Dr. Caldwell explains that marriage is far more than companionship or romance; it is a daily testing ground of faith. Our walk with Christ is never more real than in our homes. How we treat our spouses reveals the depth of our devotion to Christ. A professed love for God that is not lived out in marriage is self-deception. Thus, a healthy Christian marriage requires three foundational convictions:
My commitment to Christ is no greater than my commitment to live it at home.
My commitment to my marriage is permanent—whether in joy or difficulty, “we will be together.”
My marriage, like every area of life, is lived before the face of God.
Marriage is also a school of Christian growth. In it, believers learn the daily practice of confession, forgiveness, humility, and sacrificial love. Husbands and wives are called to bear the fruit of the Spirit—love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control—in their relationship with each other. Through marriage, God grants the gifts of mutual application of truth, mutual love, mutual support, mutual service, mutual wisdom, and mutual witness.
This is why marriage is not only good for society, good for child-rearing, and good for culture—it is good for the church and for the Christian’s own sanctification. Even in difficult marriages, God is at work for the believer’s growth and for His glory. For those who are struggling, this exhortation serves as a reminder that God has not abandoned you and that His design for marriage remains good. For those beginning married life, it offers guidance and encouragement to build their homes upon the foundation of Christ.
Ultimately, marriage is designed to be a living parable of the gospel. The husband’s role reflects Christ’s sacrificial love for His bride, and the wife’s role reflects the church’s devotion to her Lord. Together, marriages in Christ are meant to testify to the watching world of the grace, forgiveness, and steadfast covenant love of God.
Dr. Caldwell urges us to see our marriages as gifts filled with other gifts, to approach them with gratitude, and to honor Christ by the way we love, cherish, support, and serve our spouses. Whether newly married or decades into the journey, this exhortation calls us back to the simple yet profound truth: marriage is good, and it is meant to glorify God.
Scripture Reference: James 1:12–18
Key Themes:
Marriage as God’s creation and gift
The permanence of the marriage covenant
Christian growth through marriage
The fruit of the Spirit in the home
Mutual love, support, and witness
Marriage as a reflection of the gospel
Perhaps the clearest testimony to the depravity of man is the amount of light that he can meet with that does him absolutely NO GOOD.
It doesn’t matter how much spiritual light that an unregenerate person meets with, if left to himself, he is not benefited by that light, rather his guilt is increased because he has no appetite for it. The truth doesn’t save him in his natural state; the truth only condemns him.
Man’s spiritual blindness is more than just spiritual ignorance; it is WILLFUL spiritual ignorance.
ESV Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth. 19 For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. (Rom. 1:18 ESV)
“WHO BY THEIR UNRIGHTEOUSNESS SUPRESS THE TRUTH.”
That is what man is by nature — he is a truth suppressor.
He denies the truth, avoids the truth, disputes with the truth, substitutes for the truth, scoffs at the truth, seeks to destroy the truth, in every way SUPRESSES THE TRUTH, because he HATES THE TRUTH.
ESV John 3:20 For everyone who does wicked things hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his works should be exposed. (Jn. 3:20 ESV)
So great is the wickedness of man, that when he met with the very EMBODIMENT of truth, the way, the TRUTH, and the life — the Lord Jesus Christ — he attributed what he met with to Satan.
He called darkness light and light darkness.
THIS IS WHY WE CAN SAY WITH FULL CONFIDENCE, THAT NOTHING CAN BRING A MAN OR WOMAN TO SAVING FAITH IN CHRIST EXCEPT THE GRACE AND POWER OF GOD.
Miracles won’t do it.
Crises won’t do it.
Intellectual arguments won’t do it.
Family pleading won’t do it.
Righteous examples won’t do it.
The prospect of death won’t do it.
NOTHING WILL CONVINCE A MAN OR WOMAN TO BELIEVE THE TRUTH WITHOUT GOD CHANGING THE HEART.
That includes witnessing ASTOUNDING events — things that no one would have ever believed unless they had seen it with their own eyes or heard it with their own ears.
Our Lord taught this, and the Bible demonstrates this in multiple ways.
ESV Luke 16:24 And he called out, 'Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus to dip the end of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.' 25 But Abraham said, 'Child, remember that you in your lifetime received your good things, and Lazarus in like manner bad things; but now he is comforted here, and you are in anguish. 26 And besides all this, between us and you a great chasm has been fixed, in order that those who would pass from here to you may not be able, and none may cross from there to us.' 27 And he said, 'Then I beg you, father, to send him to my father's house-- 28 for I have five brothers-- so that he may warn them, lest they also come into this place of torment.' 29 But Abraham said, 'They have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.' 30 And he said, 'No, father Abraham, but if someone goes to them from the dead, they will repent.' 31 He said to him, 'If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.'"
How do you explain the children of Israel witnessing God’s self-revelation in their deliverance, and the sobering sights and sounds of Mount Sinai, and then wanting a golden calf?
How do you explain the Egyptians witnessing the plagues that God sent upon them, only to conclude that they would try to hunt down the children of Israel after agreeing to let them go?
How do you explain the religious leaders of the Jews hearing of the raising of Lazarus from the dead, and reaching the conclusion that they must kill Jesus, because if they let him go on with such miracles everyone will believe in Him?
How do you come face to face with God and call him a devil?
MAN’S SINFULNESS.
And we find another example of this in our verses.
We find that those who live during the tribulation period, and follow after the antichrist, will be people who are absolutely without excuse because of a supernatural WITNESS that God will give to this world.
DO YOU BELIEVE THAT MEN CAN HEAR ANGELS PREACH?
Well, they will.
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