ESA Extras
Aquí presentamos 9 cosas que debes saber sobre el eclipse solar total de este año
updated
This space-simulating facility, built for ESA by University of Bologna and Nautilus - Navigation in Space, is part of the Attitude and Control System (AOCS) & Pointing Systems laboratory at ESTEC, the Agency’s technical centre.
Just like any piece of machinery destined for space, CubeSats undergo rigorous testing on the ground, in conditions resembling space as closely as possible.
Andew Hyslop, ESA’s AOCS engineer, explains: “We can test attitude control systems separately or integrated in a complete CubeSat. An attitude control system is a combination of sensors, software and actuators that will make sure a CubeSat is in the right orientation when floating in space.”
To simulate the state of microgravity, the facility relies on an air bearing system – a device blowing a continuous stream of air upwards and creating a stable, invisibly thin air gap, allowing the platform suspended above it to float.
The CubeSat under test – or, in this case, its attitude control system – is mounted on this hovering platform.
“The system works out its orientation using Sun sensors, a magnetometer and a gyroscope. To stimulate the first, our setup includes a Sun lamp,” Andrew adds.
“However, Sun sensors tend to be susceptible to Earth’s ‘trickery’ – meaning some of the sunlight reflected from the Earth can be mistakenly interpreted as coming directly from the Sun. To take this effect into account, our facility includes an albedo lamp.”
Metal coils wrap around the curved bars that form the cage, simulating Earth’s magnetic field inside the structure. “As the spacecraft orbits our planet, the magnetic field it encounters keeps changing. Our metal coils replicate that.”
Andrew taps the hovering platform gently to initiate a spin. “To perform a test, we place the system on the air bearing in its starting orientation and optionally give it an additional tap. Then we let the attitude control system take over, stop the spin and get the platform back into the correct orientation.
“Like most attitude control systems on satellites in low Earth orbit, this one here uses reaction wheels to reorient itself. When these wheels start spinning, the spacecraft will spin in the opposite direction – according to conservation of angular momentum.
“Additionally, the floating platform is equipped with small reflective markers, which are being tracked by two cameras fixed to the top of the cage – this system gives us information of the platform’s true orientation. We can then compare this information to what the platform itself detects, to ensure its measurements are accurate,” Andrew notes.
The lab team recently finished testing and commissioning the facility to get it ready for its first customers. ESA CubeSat projects will soon be able to make use of it to gain confidence in their attitude control systems before flight.
Credits: ESA-SJM Photography
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Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)
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#ESA #Sentinel-1 #Space
In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianespace
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Earlier this year, the first step of the mission was successfully completed. The operations team, consisting of engineers from ESA and its closely collaborating industrial partners, came together at the Agency’s European Space Security and Education Centre in Redu, Belgium.
Using a set of positioning instruments, they were able to align the two spacecraft in formation, and monitor them as they maintained their relative position autonomously.
Now, following more finetuning and testing, the team has achieved the desired precision, making Proba-3 the world’s first-ever precision formation flying mission.
The mission relies on several innovative technologies, many of which are technology demonstrations developed through ESA’s General Support Technology Programme (GSTP). “To do something that has never been done before, we needed to develop new technologies,” notes Esther Bastida Pertegaz, Proba-3 systems engineer.
“The formation flying is performed when the spacecraft are more than 50 000 km above Earth,” explains Raphael Rougeot, Proba-3 systems engineer.
“Here, the Earth’s gravity pull is small enough, so that very little propellant is needed to maintain the formation. Then the formation is broken and needs to be acquired again over the next orbit, in a repeated cycle.”
The ultimate goal is for the two spacecraft to align with the Sun so that the 1.4-m large disc carried by the Occulter casts a 5-cm shadow onto the optical instrument on the Coronagraph, allowing it to study the faint solar corona.
Teodor Bozhanov, formation flying system engineer, explains further: “The initiation of this formation-flying repetitive sequence is performed by the ground control centre, with the operations team obtaining position information to determine the exact location of the two satellites in space. The mission’s thrusters are then used to bring them closer together.
“All the rest is done autonomously. The spacecraft measure and control their relative position using the Visual Based System, which includes a wide-angle camera on the Occulter tracking a set of flashing LED lights on the Coronagraph.
“Once the satellites get close enough to each other, a narrow-angle camera locking onto the same set of lights enables a more accurate positioning.”
Raphael describes the last step needed to close the precision gap: “Although we were previously able to perform formation flying using only the camera-based systems on board, we were still missing the desired precision.
“Two major achievements have been key to unlocking it. First, it was the calibration of the on-board laser instrument, and its integration into the full formation flying loop.”
“This laser instrument, called the Fine Lateral and Longitudinal Sensor (FLLS), enables relative positioning down to a millimetre accuracy,” adds Jorg Versluys, Proba-3 payloads manager. “It consists of a laser beam fired from the Occulter spacecraft and reflected in the Coronagraph’s retroreflector back to the Occulter, where it is detected.”
“The second crucial achievement was successfully using the shadow position sensor,” Raphael continues. “An on-board algorithm based on the measurement of light intensity around the coronagraph aperture ensures that the Coronagraph spacecraft stays in the shadow cast by the Occulter spacecraft.”
Esther notes: “Combining all these sensors, and thanks to the on-board software managing all the spacecraft systems and providing Navigation, Guidance and Control functions, the formation is stable beyond expectations.”
Damien Galano, Proba-3 project manager, concludes: “We are talking about millimetric accuracy in range, and sub-millimetric in the lateral position. We can’t wait to see the completion of the instrument calibration and the first processed image of the Sun’s corona.”
Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)
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Designed and developed by FINIX-1, a student team from the University of Athens, this lightweight, compact deployable sail is integrated into a CubeSat. The drag sail was subjected to vibration loads mimicking the harsh environment expected during launch, one of the most critical phases for any mechanism.
Captured at the ESA Academy's CubeSat Support Facility, this sped up video was recorded during the March 2025 test window of ESA’s Fly Your Satellite! Test Opportunities. This pilot programme offers student teams support with the preparation and execution of environmental testing of their student-designed and built hardware through dedicated access to the CubeSat Support Facility.
The video provides a detailed look at the deployment process, highlighting the technical prowess and innovative design of the drag sail. This testing phase marked a significant milestone for the team, offering valuable hands-on experience.
FINIX-1 student team project perfectly aligns with international efforts to safeguard space from debris. Earth's orbit is becoming increasingly congested with defunct satellites, spent rocket stages, and fragmented debris – all posing collision risks to operational missions. In line with ESA and ESA Academy’s vision, these brilliant students have taken a bold step in supporting a sustainable orbital environment through the development and testing of a CubeSat drag sail.
Read more: https://www.esa.int/Education/CubeSats_-_Fly_Your_Satellite/Keeping_Space_Clean_FINIX-1_from_the_University_of_Athens_lead_a_CubeSat_Drag_Sail_test_campaign_at_the_CubeSat_Support_Facility
Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)
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Credits: ESA/Ocean Media Lab
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ESA’s Climate Change Initiative Biomass project has merged observations from multiple satellites to provide annual global maps of above-ground biomass between 2007–2022. These insights are vital for modelling the carbon cycle, guiding forest management, and supporting national greenhouse-gas reporting.
Credits: ESA/Planetary Visions
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianegroup
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We are Europe's gateway to space. Our mission is to shape the development of Europe's space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. Check out https://www.esa.int/ to get up to speed on everything space related.
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA - S. Corvaja
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We are Europe's gateway to space. Our mission is to shape the development of Europe's space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. Check out https://www.esa.int/ to get up to speed on everything space related.
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: Arianespace
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianespace
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianespace
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We are Europe's gateway to space. Our mission is to shape the development of Europe's space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. Check out https://www.esa.int/ to get up to speed on everything space related.
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianespace
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In orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle. It is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band synthetic aperture radar for interferometric imaging. Thanks to the long wavelength of P-band, around 70 cm, the radar signal can slice through the whole forest layer to measure the ‘biomass’, meaning the woody trunks, branches and stems, which is where trees store most of their carbon.
Vega-C is the evolution of the Vega family of rockets and delivers increased performance, greater payload volume and improved competitiveness.
Credits: Arianespace
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The mobile building allows Vega-C’s four stages to be assembled on the launch pad in security and offers protection from the elements. The 50-metre high structure weighs over 1000 tonnes, and a hydraulic system drives wheels on an 80-m rail track. The gantry is powered by two electric motors of some 70 kW capacity, these operate the hydraulic pumps supplying pressurised oil to six wheels.
Biomass is one of ESA’s Earth Explorer missions and, like other Earth Explorers, it uses advanced space technology to provide new data. Biomass will advance our understanding of forests and their importance in the carbon cycle and climate.
We already know that forests play a vital role in Earth’s carbon cycle by absorbing and storing large amounts of carbon dioxide. This helps to regulate the planet’s temperature. Data from Biomass will help us produce more accurate estimates of how much carbon is contained in forests' organic matter, or biomass, and reduce uncertainties in carbon stock and flux estimates, including those related to land-use change, forest loss, and regrowth.
Credits: ESA - M. Pédoussaut/Zetapress
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Credits: ESA/OceanDataLab
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Once in orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle.
Credits: S. Corvaja-ESA/M. Pédoussaut-Zetapress
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Read full story: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/ESA_and_IBM_collaborate_on_TerraMind
Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)
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Weather phenomena can cause short-term fluctuations in sea surface temperatures. El Niño, for example, has a temporary warming effect in certain years because it changes the distribution of heat in the tropics. Large volcanic eruptions – such as Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991 – release aerosols into the stratosphere, which reflect sunlight and can lead to a temporary cooling of the Earth's surface. However, this effect is short-term and does not significantly interrupt the long-term warming trend.
Read full story: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Space_for_our_climate/Sea_surface_warming_faster_than_expected
Credits: ESA/Planetary Visions
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Firing for over two minutes the P160C completed the full hot-fire test expending all its solid-propellant as it will on a launch.
After ignition P160C delivered a maximum thrust of about 4700 kN, as expected for liftoff and the first phase of flight. According to initial recorded data, the performance met expectations. A full analysis of these test results and inspection of all components will confirm the design and provide the main justification elements for the rocket motor qualification for flight.
P160C is the larger version of the P120C rocket motor that is used as a booster for Ariane 6 and as a first stage motor for Vega-C. P160C holds 167 tonnes of solid propellant, 14 more than P120C and is a meter taller.
The P160C will allow Ariane 6 and Vega-C to launch heavier payloads and to different orbits and destinations, and it is also set to be used on the next generation in the Vega rocket family called Vega-E. The rocket motor is one of the most powerful one-piece motors in production in the world, the shell is wound in one go with a carbon-fibre composite.
The “P” in its name stands for “Powder”, as the 3.4-m cylinder houses solid propellant. The number 160 designates the 160 tonnes of propellant inside, and the C stands for “Common” as the motor is used on the two launchers.
P160C is developed by Europropulsion under contract from ArianeGroup and Avio who are developing the Ariane 6 launcher systems and Vega launcher systems for ESA. The recent test was on qualification model 3 (QM3), continuing the naming from the three models of P120C testing: a development model (DM); a first qualification model (QM1) configured for Vega-C; and a second qualification model (QM2) configured for Ariane 6.
France’s space agency CNES conducted the static fire test on the solid rocket motor test stand at Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana.
Credits: ESA/CNES/Arianespace/Optique Video du CSG
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These upcoming researchers will be taking a deep dive into ocean science, empowering them with skills to harness satellite data for research, innovation and sustainable development – and preparing them to become tomorrow’s leaders and ambassadors for ocean science.
Credits: ESA/OceanDataLab
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Read full story: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Next_generation_scientists_set_sail_to_harness_space_for_oceans
Credits: ESA/OceanDataLab
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The deployment of the boom is carried out in three carefully planned separate stages, each of which takes about seven minutes. However, only one step is carried out per day and during selected passes that offer maximum coverage from the ground stations. This ensures that each step of the boom deployment is full ‘visible’ to the satellite operators.
Once the boom is fully extended above the satellite, another step opens up the fine wire mesh antenna, like an umbrella. This takes around 20 minutes and is a critical phase that has to be carried out during a pass that offers 50% visibility of the deployment process to the ground stations.
The reflector transmits the Biomass P-band radar’s footprint onto Earth’s surface and receives the returned signal, which carries information about the carbon content of forests.
Credits: ESA/ATG medialab
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Once in orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle.
Credits: ESA/ATG medialab
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Once in orbit, this latest Earth Explorer mission will provide vital insights into the health and dynamics of the world’s forests, revealing how they are changing over time and, critically, enhancing our understanding of their role in the global carbon cycle.
Credits: ESA/ATG medialab
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The event kicked off with primary school students (4th and 5th grades) visiting during the first three days, followed by secondary school students on the final two days.
Throughout the week, 35 schools from across Italy engaged in presentations and laboratories, delving into the diverse space activities conducted at ESA’s establishment.
This initiative, which included contributions from ESERO Italia and the Italian Space Agency (ASI), aims to inspire and engage the next generation of STEM students by sharing knowledge about space and the European Space Agency.
Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)
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Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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Aerospike engines don’t have bell-shaped nozzles like most rocket engines in operation but have spike-shaped nozzles. This allows the engine to be more efficient at different altitudes, offering theoretical benefits of up to 15% more efficiency. Aerospike engines have stayed theoretical for decades and a few were built in the 1980’s but new 3D-printing techniques have made them more economically viable.
The tests in this video were part of verifying Arcos’ combustion chambers that are made of two different additively manufactured materials bonded together – a first in Europe – as well as validating two types of 3D-printed injector heads developed through aid and funding from ESA and the Spanish Center of Technological Development and Innovation.
Arcos runs on liquid methane and liquid oxygen – often abbreviated to methalox – that is cooled down to around –170°C before being mixed and burnt in the engine, where the mixture then heats up to temperatures above 3000°C. To prevent the engine from melting, Pangea Aerospace’s design runs both the cryogenic oxygen and methane fluids around the engine to cool it.
The Arcos engine is being designed to be adaptable to multiple uses and for different customers, it runs on bio-methane and should be reusable up to ten times in addition to reducing environmental impact by up to 50% compared to traditional rocket engines – all while using 15% less propellant.
Credits: Pangea Aerospace
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Unlike almost all rocket engines in operation, aerospike engines don’t have bell-shaped nozzles but plugs to eject their exhaust. This allows the engine to be more efficient at different altitudes, offering up to 15% more efficiency – and in rocket launches efficiency is everything as you try to escape Earth’s gravity. Aerospike engines have stayed theoretical for decades. Although a few were built in the 1980’s, new 3D-printing techniques have made them more economically viable
These scenes were taken from four test runs with the engine firing for around a minute during each test. Liquid methane and liquid oxygen – often abbreviated to methalox – is cooled down to around –170°C before being mixed and burnt in the engine, where the mixture then heats up to temperatures above 3000°C. To prevent the engine from melting, Pangea Aerospace’s design runs both the cryogenic methane and oxygen fluids around the engine to cool it. The test firing delivered up to 20 kilonewtons of thrust.
This engine development was supported in part by ESA’s Future Launchers Preparatory Programme, and Pangea Aerospace is also working with ESA to identify how to design and build a very high thrust rocket engine for future launchers – offering over 2 meganewtons of thrust.
Credits: Pangea Aerospace
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Isar Aerospace’s two-stage launch vehicle Spectrum is 28 m tall, 2 m in diameter and, with its ten engines, it is targeting to launch payloads of up to 1000 kg to low Earth orbit.
The flight allows Isar Aerospace engineers to analyse all the data they need to tweak their Spectrum launcher for a next flight. “Our first test flight met all our expectations, achieving a great success”, said Isar Aerospace CEO Daniel Metzler, “We had a clean liftoff, 30 seconds of flight and even got to validate our flight termination System.”
Isar Aerospace is a German-based company, building their Spectrum launch vehicle in state-of-the-art production facilities relying on in-house manufacturing.
Initially supported by ESA’s Business Incubation Centre, the company is supported by three rounds of co-funding from ESA so far, as part of the Boost! programme that helps commercial initiatives offering transportation services to space, in space, and returning from space. ESA's support will follow steps preparing the second test flight of the Spectrum rocket and scaling-up of production facilities at the company’s new headquarters in Vaterstetten, Germany.
Credits: Isar Aerospace
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Drawing from current research and real-world applications, the session highlights the role of Earth observation in refining carbon budgets, modelling emissions from land-use change and fires, and identifying opportunities for carbon sequestration, especially in secondary forests.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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You'll learn how to access, visualise, and analyse LST data using the ESA CCI Toolbox, with hands-on examples focusing on urban vs. non-urban temperature trends. The session also covers data filtering, handling different formats (Zarr, Kerchunk, NetCDF), defining regions of interest, and working with polar-orbiting satellite data.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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Parabolic flights provide short periods of weightlessness, offering a quick way to test things in microgravity with humans. Researchers use them for short-duration, hands-on scientific and technological investigations, such as training astronauts and validating instruments before they fly to the International Space Station.
The aircraft can also fly over a gentler trajectory, providing partial gravity like on the Moon or Mars. Lunar and martian gravity levels are not only scientifically interesting but it is also useful to test the effect on humans and equipment before travelling to these destinations.
ESA is now opening these unique aircraft doors to two types of experiment, for up-and-coming new technologies in a changing space sector: technological and commercial.
Technological research proposals are welcome from any academic institutions in our Member States. After careful peer review in alignment with ESA’s objectives and missions, the Agency will cover the flight costs for selected experiments.
ESA’s parabolic flight team looks forward to working together with new teams of aerospace engineers and collectively developing future space technologies.
For more information: https://ideas.esa.int/servlet/hype/IMT?userAction=Browse&templateName=&documentId=0d4926ba43d653430610861201f0eb30
Credits: ESA/Novespace
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Credits: Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE)
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Holger Krag, Head of Space Safety Programme (ESA)
Josef Aschbacher, Director General (ESA)
Walther Pelzer, Director General of German Space Agency (DLR)
Prof. Carolin Frueh, Harold DeGroff Associate Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Purdue University, USA), COSPAR Chair of Space Debris
Prof. Camilla Colombo Polimi, Associate Professor for Orbital Mechanics at Politecnico di Milano (Italy)
Thomas Reiter, ESA Astronaut, former ESA Board Member and Inter-Agencies Coordinator
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La Terre est entourée de milliers de satellites qui effectuent un travail important fournissant des services de télécommunication et de navigation, nous aidant à comprendre notre climat et répondre à des questions fondamentales sur l'Univers.
Cependant, comme notre utilisation de l'espace s'accélère comme jamais auparavant, ces satellites se retrouvent à circuler en orbites de plus en plus encombrées dans un environnement sillonné par des flux de fragments de débris se déplaçant rapidement et résultant de collisions, de fragmentations et de ruptures dans l'espace.
Chaque fragment peut endommager d'autres satellites, et l'on craint qu'une cascade de collisions ne finisse par rendre certaines orbites autour de la Terre inutilisables. En outre, on ne connaît pas encore l'ampleur des dégâts causés par l'augmentation drastique du nombre de lancements et d'objets rentrant dans notre atmosphère et nos océans.
Ainsi, les débris spatiaux représentent-ils déjà une crise ?
Le documentaire explore la situation actuelle dans les orbites terrestres et explique la menace que les débris spatiaux font peser sur notre avenir dans l'espace. Il décrit également ce qui pourrait être fait pour lutter contre les débris spatiaux et comment nous pourrions parvenir à une véritable durabilité dans l'espace, car nos actions d'aujourd'hui auront des conséquences pour les générations à venir.
Programme de Sécurité Spatiale de l'ESA
Le Programme de Sécurité Spatiale de l'ESA vise à préserver l'avenir des vols spatiaux et à nous protéger, nous, la Terre et nos infrastructures au sol et dans l'espace, des dangers provenant de l'espace.
Qu'il s'agit d'astéroïdes, de tempêtes solaires ou de débris spatiaux d'origine humaine, l'ESA travaille sur des missions et des projets visant à comprendre les dangers et les atténuer.
À plus long terme, pour assurer un avenir sûr et durable dans l'espace, l'ESA vise à mettre en place une économie circulaire dans l'espace. Pour y parvenir, l'Agence travaille au développement des technologies nécessaires pour faire de l'entretien en orbite et des engins spatiaux sans débris une réalité.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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Die Erde ist von Tausenden von Satelliten umgeben, die wichtige Aufgaben erfüllen, um Telekommunikations- und Navigationsdienste zu erbringen, uns helfen, unser Klima zu verstehen und grundlegende Fragen über das Universum zu beantworten.
Da wir den Weltraum jedoch so intensiv wie nie zuvor nutzen, befinden sich diese Satelliten auf immer engeren Umlaufbahnen in einer Umgebung, in der sich schnell bewegende Trümmerteile vorhanden sind, die bei Kollisionen und Fragmentierungen von menschengemachten Objekten im Weltraum entstehen.
Jedes Trümmerteil kann weitere Satelliten beschädigen, und es ist zu befürchten, dass eine Kaskade von Kollisionen dazu führen könnte, dass einige Umlaufbahnen um die Erde in Zukunft nicht mehr nutzbar sein werden. Darüber hinaus ist das Ausmaß der Schäden durch die drastische Zunahme von Satellitenstarts und die Anzahl der Objekte, die wieder in unsere Atmosphäre und Ozeane eintreten, noch nicht bekannt.
Stellen Raumfahrtrückstände also bereits eine Krise dar?
Der Dokumentarfilm untersucht die aktuelle Situation in den Erdumlaufbahnen und erläutert die Bedrohung, die Weltraummüll für unsere Zukunft im All darstellt. Außerdem wird aufgezeigt, was gegen Raumfahrtrückstände unternommen wird und wie wir eine echte Nachhaltigkeit im Weltraum erreichen können, denn unser heutiges Handeln wird Folgen für kommende Generationen haben.
Das ESA-Programm für Weltraumsicherheit
Das ESA-Programm für Weltraumsicherheit zielt darauf ab, die Zukunft der Raumfahrt zu sichern und uns, die Erde und unsere Infrastruktur auf dem Boden und im Weltraum vor Gefahren aus dem Weltraum zu schützen.
Von Asteroiden und Sonnenstürmen bis hin zu dem vom Menschen verursachten Problem des Weltraummülls arbeitet die ESA an Missionen und Projekten, um diese Gefahren zu verstehen und zu entschärfen.
Langfristig strebt die ESA eine Kreislaufwirtschaft im Weltraum an, um eine sichere und nachhaltige Zukunft im Orbit zu gewährleisten. Auf dem Weg dorthin arbeitet sie an der Entwicklung von Technologien, die gebraucht werden, um Wartungsarbeiten in der Umlaufbahn und rückstandsfreie Raumfahrzeuge Wirklichkeit werden zu lassen.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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La Terra è circondata da migliaia di satelliti che svolgono un lavoro importante per fornire servizi di telecomunicazione e navigazione, aiutarci a capire il nostro clima e rispondere a domande fondamentali sull'Universo.
Tuttavia, con il rapido aumento delle attività spaziali, questi satelliti si trovano a navigare in orbite sempre più congestionate in un ambiente attraversato da flussi di frammenti di detriti in rapido movimento derivanti da collisioni e frammentazioni nello spazio.
Ogni frammento può danneggiare altri satelliti e si teme che una reazione a catena di collisioni possa rendere inutilizzabili alcune orbite intorno alla Terra. Inoltre, non si conosce ancora l'entità dei danni derivanti dal drastico aumento dei lanci e del numero di oggetti che rientrano nella nostra atmosfera e negli oceani.
Quindi, i detriti spaziali rappresentano già una crisi?
Il documentario esplora la situazione attuale delle orbite terrestri e spiega la minaccia che i detriti spaziali rappresentano per il nostro futuro nello spazio. Inoltre, illustra possibili soluzioni per mitigare il problema dei detriti spaziali e raggiungere un uso sostenibile dello spazio, perché le nostre azioni di oggi avranno conseguenze per le generazioni future.
Programma di sicurezza spaziale dell'ESA
Il programma di sicurezza spaziale dell'ESA mira a salvaguardare il futuro del volo spaziale e a mantenere noi, la Terra e le nostre infrastrutture a terra e nello spazio al sicuro dai pericoli che hanno origine nello spazio.
Dagli asteroidi e dalle tempeste solari al problema dei detriti spaziali causati dall'uomo, l'ESA lavora a missioni e progetti per comprendere i pericoli e mitigarli.
A lungo termine, per garantire un futuro sicuro e sostenibile, l'ESA mira a creare un'economia circolare nello spazio. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, l'Agenzia sta lavorando allo sviluppo della tecnologia necessaria per rendere “zero-Debris”una realtà per il servizio in orbita e i veicoli spazial.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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La Tierra está rodeada de miles de satélites que realizan una importante labor para proporcionar servicios de telecomunicaciones y navegación, ayudarnos a comprender nuestro clima y responder a preguntas fundamentales sobre el Universo.
Sin embargo, a medida que nuestro uso del espacio se acelera como nunca antes, estos satélites se encuentran navegando por órbitas cada vez más congestionadas, en un entorno ocupado por miles de fragmentos en rápido movimiento generados por colisiones, fragmentaciones y desintegraciones en el espacio.
Cada fragmento puede dañar otros satélites, y se teme que una reacción en cadena de colisiones acabe por inutilizar algunas órbitas alrededor de la Tierra. Además, aún se desconoce el alcance de los daños en nuestra atmósfera y océanos que provocan el drástico aumento del número de lanzamientos y del número de objetos que vuelven a entrar en la atmosfera.
Entonces, ¿representan ya los desechos espaciales una crisis?
El documental explora la situación actual en las órbitas terrestres y explica la amenaza que suponen los desechos espaciales para nuestro futuro en el espacio. También esboza lo que podría hacerse con la basura espacial y cómo podríamos alcanzar una verdadera sostenibilidad en el espacio, porque nuestras acciones de hoy tendrán consecuencias para las generaciones venideras.
Programa de Seguridad Espacial de la ESA
El Programa de Seguridad Espacial de la ESA tiene como objetivo salvaguardar el futuro de los vuelos espaciales y mantenernos a nosotros, a la Tierra y a nuestras infraestructuras en la tierra y en el espacio a salvo de los peligros originados en el espacio.
Desde los asteroides y las tormentas solares hasta el problema de la basura espacial, provocado por el hombre, la ESA trabaja en misiones y proyectos para comprender los peligros y mitigarlos.
A largo plazo, para garantizar un futuro seguro y sostenible en el espacio, la ESA aspira a establecer una economía circular en el espacio. Para conseguirlo, la Agencia trabaja en el desarrollo de la tecnología necesaria para hacer realidad el mantenimiento de satélites en órbita y asegurar que las nuevas naves espaciales no dejen ningún residuo en el espacio.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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First we see the town of Fano on the Adriatic coast, before moving southwards over the central Apennine ridge. The image covers towns in central Italy including Fabriano, Foligno, Spoleto and Terni, before sweeping down to Rome and, about 20 km further south, to Ostia on the coast of Lazio.
The image was taken by a multispectral optical instrument on board the first IRIDE microsatellite, the Pathfinder Hawk, which was launched on 14 January 2025. The IRIDE constellation of satellites are tailored to provide information for a wide range of environmental, emergency and security services for Italy.
Credits: IRIDE
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Pathfinder Hawk is an exploratory satellite for the IRIDE programme. It was launched on 14 January 2025 and captured a high-resolution image over central Italy on 5 March 2025.
The image covered a thin strip of Italy, from the town of Fano on the Adriatic coast, over the central Apennine ridge and all the way to Rome and the coast of Lazio. It was taken by a multispectral optical instrument on board Pathfinder Hawk.
The IRIDE constellation of satellites are tailored to provide information for a wide range of environmental, emergency and security services for Italy.
Credits: IRIDE
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She began her year-long basic astronaut training at ESA’s European Astronaut Centre (EAC) in Cologne, Germany, in April 2023. This training covered spacecraft systems, spacewalking, flight engineering, robotics, life support systems, survival, and medical training. Sophie received her astronaut certification alongside fellow astronaut candidates Rosemary Coogan, Pablo Álvarez Fernández, Raphaël Liégeois, and Marco Sieber at EAC on 22 April 2024, officially marking her transition into a fully-fledged astronaut.
In May 2024, Sophie was announced for her first spaceflight mission, currently scheduled for 2026 to the International Space Station. After completing her pre-assignment training, she is now in mission-specific preparation, focusing on the tasks and experiments she will perform during her stay on the Space Station.
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
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After more than 11 years in space mapping the motions and properties of billions of stars, the spacecraft’s operations have come to an end. Gaia was switched off on 27 March 2025.
During a series of final test operations, flight controllers at ESA’s ESOC mission control centre rotated Gaia, causing its sunshield to reflect more light towards Earth.
As a result, Gaia appeared much brighter than usual and was observed by several citizen astronomers around the world.
Gaia is seen here moving across the sky, initially brightening before vanishing as the spacecraft quickly rotates back to its typical orientation.
This was the final time that Gaia will appear so bright to astronomers on Earth. The spacecraft will now remain ‘dark’ forever. The Gaia mission, however, will continue and culminate in two major data releases that are in preparation for 2026 and no earlier than the end of 2030.
The Gaia team is showcasing the final observations of the spacecraft on the ESA Cosmos website: https://www.cosmos.esa.int/
Credits: Zhuo-Xiao Wang
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Find out more about ESA Strategy 2040: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_Strategy_2040
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