Gods of Thunder in Precolonial America - Interview with Tim Pauketat World History Encyclopedia 2026-09-24 | Gods of Thunder in Precolonial America - Interview with Tim Pauketat
The True Story Of The Library Of Alexandria World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-21 | Did you know that the Library of Alexandria didn’t fall like most people think? This video is all about the Great Library of Alexandria, how it worked, and how its fall did not, actually, set human knowledge back thousands of years.The Library of Alexandria was established under the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt (323-30 BCE) and flourished under the patronage of the early kings to become the most famous library of the ancient world, attracting scholars from around the Mediterranean, and making Alexandria the preeminent intellectual center of its time until its decline after 145 BCE.Alexandria may have been able to boast of the greatest library in the ancient world under the early Ptolemies, but no account from antiquity supports the claim that the library was still a great intellectual center by the Roman Period. It is clear, from references in the works of various ancient writers, that a considerable number of manuscripts were lost at Alexandria between c. 48 BCE and 415 CE, but what these were is unknown. Many of the works referenced as part of the library's collection still exist today all over the world and form part of the collection of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina ("Library of Alexandria"), which opened in 2002 in Alexandria, Egypt, as an homage to the great library of antiquity.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:46 The Library of Alexandria2:25 The Establishment of the Library3:50 Head Librarians of the Library5:28 Organisation & Acquisitions7:30 Decline & Fall of the Great Library10:45 Survival of the Library's Collection12:42 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Library of Alexandriaworldhistory.org/Library_of_AlexandriaWhat happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?worldhistory.org/article/207/what-happened-to-the-great-library-at-alexandriaAlexandria, Egyptworldhistory.org/alexandriaHypatia of Alexandriaworldhistory.org/Hypatia_of_AlexandriaA Weekend in Alexandria, Egyptworldhistory.org/article/1768/a-weekend-in-alexandria-egypt— WATCH NEXT —The Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=aYnK5IeOFGYAn Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthageyoutube.com/watch?v=ex0ZtLjsQQg&tThe Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of Englandyoutube.com/watch?v=g5ftViSh9sUThe Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxA— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-real-history-of-the-library-of-alexandria-images-and-attributions-18527The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #libraryofalexandria #library #books
The History of the West African Salt Trade World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-17 | Did you know that salt was literally worth its weight in gold in ancient West Africa? This video is all about the lucrative trade of salt in West African history. Salt from the Sahara desert was one of the major trade goods of ancient West Africa where very little naturally occurring deposits of the mineral could be found. Transported via camel caravans and by boat along such rivers as the Niger and Senegal, salt found its way to trading centres like Koumbi Saleh, Niani, and Timbuktu, where it was either passed further south or exchanged for other goods such as ivory, hides, copper, iron, and cereals. The most common exchange was salt for gold dust that came from the mines of southern West Africa. Indeed, salt was such a precious commodity that it was quite literally worth its weight in gold in some parts of West Africa.— CHAPTERS —0:00 Intro0:42 Trade of Salt in West Africa1:57 History and Transportation 5:22 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — The Salt Trade of Ancient West Africaworldhistory.org/article/1342/the-salt-trade-of-ancient-west-africaTimbuktuworldhistory.org/TimbuktuMali Empireworldhistory.org/Mali_EmpireWolof Empireworldhistory.org/Wolof_EmpireSonghai Empireworldhistory.org/Songhai_Empire— WATCH NEXT —The Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scotsyoutu.be/x0MrMEDiKOUProofreading History - Joanne Tayloryoutu.be/QMz4NzHdHGY— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8Aathena.worldhistory.org/article/MWl01dYLPpb-West-African-Salt-Trade-Images-and-AttributionsWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #history #africanhistory #africa #salttrade #salt
4 Types of Gladiators To Know! #romanhistory #roman World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-14 | The term gladiator derives from the Latin gladiatores in reference to their principal weapon the gladius or short sword. However, there was a wide range of other weapons employed in gladiator contests. The gladiators also wore armour and their helmets, in particular, were objects of great workmanship, richly embossed with decorative motifs and set with ostrich or peacock plumed crests. Weapons and armour though depended on which class a gladiator belonged to. There were four principal classes:The SamniteThe ThracianThe MyrmilloThe Retiarius— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Gladiatorworldhistory.org/gladiatorFemale Gladiators of the Ancient Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=qCYKUe5IDL4Female Gladiators In Ancient Romeworldhistory.org/article/35/female-gladiators-in-ancient-rome— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #history #gladiator #gladiators
Lost Cities of the Ancient World - Interview With Author Philip Matyszak World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-10 | What happened to the places that history forgot – the cities submerged under water, decimated by invading armies or swallowed up by the sands of time? Where are they, and what can they tell us about our past?From the sunken city of Thonis off the coast of Egypt to the deep cave dwellings of Derinkuyu in Turkey, Philip Matyszak brings to life the cities that time forgot, exploring sites from across Europe, the Middle East and Asia and covering four thousand years of human history.Matyszak reveals a dynamic network of peoples and cultures who fought and traded between themselves, exchanging inventions, ideas and philosophies, with the result that peoples as far apart as Çatalhöyük in Turkey and Skara Brae in the Orkney Islands shared much of a common heritage. Where archaeological remains and artefacts have vanished completely, Matyszak turns to ancient texts to discover what happened to the cities that have never been found. The trials, tribulations and triumphs that they faced, including how they coped with the challenges of climate change, displacement and conflict, have lessons for the present.— BUY THE BOOK HERE —Lost Cities of the Ancient Worldby Philip Matyszakthamesandhudson.com/lost-cities-of-the-ancient-world-9780500025659— CHAPTERS —00:00 Intro 00:51 What is your book about?01:25 What are your criteria for a lost city?02:48 Is there a link between any of those cities?03:52 Why would a city become obsolete?05:00 What came first, city or farming?08:55 Why were cities founded?09:45 Why did you choose to include a section of a modern-day city?10:20 Are there cities you now want to visit?11:00 Do you have a favorite city you would like to visit?12:09 What is special about Skara Brae?15:30 What is special about Mycenae?17:25 What is special about Stabiae?20:27 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Skara Braeworldhistory.org/Skara_BraeMycenaeworldhistory.org/mycenaeMycenaean Civilizationworldhistory.org/Mycenaean_CivilizationA Visitor's Guide to Oplontis, Stabiae & Boscorealeworldhistory.org/article/1552/a-visitors-guide-to-oplontis-stabiae--boscoreale— WATCH NEXT —The Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scotsyoutu.be/x0MrMEDiKOUProofreading History - Joanne Tayloryoutu.be/QMz4NzHdHGY— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #history #historybooks
Romans Invented the Return Policy? #romanhistory #inventions #history World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-07 | Did you know that the Romans invented a return system that we still use today?The influence of Roman science can also be seen in the emphasis on the practical use of scientific discoveries and experiments. The Romans studied past scientific achievements and keenly observed, tested, and refined their existing ideas to create new ideas. This systematic approach is now the very cornerstone of all scientific endeavour today. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Scienceworldhistory.org/Roman_ScienceRoman Citizenshipworldhistory.org/article/859/roman-citizenshipFood in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/684/food-in-the-roman-world— WATCH NEXT —Ten Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtu.be/icGWztf5W0QThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#short [short]
Why Editing Matters: The Importance Of Proofreading Historical Documents World History Encyclopedia 2023-11-03 | Joanne is a writer, fiction editor, and proofreader passionate about language and culture, world mythology and folklore, and human-centred marketing. One of her favourite mythological creatures is the makara.After graduating from the University of York with a BSc in Psychology, Joanne travelled through Europe and ended up teaching English in Sri Lanka for several years. She taught science in the UK for almost a decade, then returned to the tropics. She can now be found chasing her children around the Sri Lankan wilderness where she lives with her husband and too many animals.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:09 Who are you and what do you do for WHE?0:21 How did you find WHE?0:44 What is your proofreading process?1:55 What are mistakes that people often make?2:31 How do you handle regional variations of English?2:57 What's your best tip for authors?3:39 Common mistakes when writing about history?4:29 Are you a history lover?5:01 Do you have a favorite historical time period?5:40 Do you work on your own or in a team?6:05 How do you like our team meeting here in France?6:38 What do you want our supporters to know?7:22 Outro— WANT TO GET INVOLVED? — Contributeworldhistory.org/contributeVolunteerhttps://www.worldhistory.foundation/volunteer— WATCH NEXT —The Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ioniayoutu.be/sJp0_hCPeiUThe Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scotsyoutu.be/x0MrMEDiKOU— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #proofreading #proofreader
The Most Famous Ghost Story From Ancient Rome #history #halloween2023 #halloween World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-31 | Pliny the Younger (61-112 CE) was the nephew of Pliny the Elder (23-79 CE), the author of the 37-volume Natural History. He had a remarkable political career and gained a reputation as an excellent lawyer and orator, but he is most famous for his writings.Although only one of his orations, the Panegyricus Traiani survives, his letters, the Epistulae, cover a wide range of subjects and provide insight into the everyday life and concerns of the contemporary elite. Among the most notable are his account of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius and his correspondence with Emperor Trajan (r. 98-117 CE) regarding Christians.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — History of Halloweenworldhistory.org/article/1456/history-of-halloweenSamhainworldhistory.org/Samhain— WATCH NEXT —The History of Samhain and Halloween!youtube.com/watch?v=HkSZ6P4jEDAThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - athena.worldhistory.org/article/Short-Video-Images-and-AttributionsWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#short [short]
Is Samhain like Halloween? #history #halloween #halloween2023 #celtic World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-27 | No matter how different present-day Halloween may seem from the pagan fire festival of Samhain, the feeling of transformation and the desire to invoke the supernatural through costumes or otherwise seems to return each year with the waning light and the cooling of the air. These sentiments transcend time, connecting modern celebrations with Samhain, that liminal time of transformation that was sacred to the pagans of the Celtic world thousands of years ago, and perhaps also to those of an even more ancient world before that.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — History of Halloweenworldhistory.org/article/1456/history-of-halloweenSamhainworldhistory.org/Samhain— WATCH NEXT —The History of Samhain and Halloween!youtube.com/watch?v=HkSZ6P4jEDAThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - athena.worldhistory.org/article/Short-Video-Images-and-AttributionsWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #short [short]
The Genius of their Age: Ibn Sina, Biruni, and the Lost Enlightenment World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-23 | A vibrant portrait of an age when Arabic enlightenment anticipated and inspired the European Renaissance, illuminated by its guiding figures and rivals, Ibn Sina and Biruni.In The Genius of their Age, S. Frederick Starr follows up his acclaimed Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age with a portrait of the Arab enlightenment and its key figures—Abu-Ali al-Husayn ibn-'Abdallah Ibn-Sina and Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni. A thousand years ago, these two intellectual giants—known as Ibn Sina and Biruni for short—achieved stunning breakthroughs in fields as diverse as medicine, astronomy, mathematics, philosophy, geography, and physics. Biruni measured the earth more precisely than anyone else down to the sixteenth century, pondered a heliocentric universe, and hypothesized the existence of North and South America as inhabited continents. Ibn Sina's writing on philosophy and metaphysics enriched the writings of countless European thinkers, including St. Thomas Aquinas, while Sina's grand synthesis of medical knowledge became the standard for the next six hundred years in Europe, the Middle East, and India. They both also commented extensively on the works of ancient Greeks and earlier Muslim thinkers, whose works they aspired to synthesize—and to transcend.Contemporaries, Ibn Sina and Biruni were born within the borders of what is now Uzbekistan and spent their lives in Central Asia. They also became rivals, launching a correspondence and commentary that galvanized them despite sometimes bitter disagreement. Centuries before the West caught up with them, Ibn Sina and Biruni reflected their age's feats and its intellectual high point, persisting with their inquiries and their independence amid turmoil and rapid change.Though scholars have long dissected the works of Ibn Sina and Biruni, S. Frederick Starr focuses also on their lives and the times in which they lived. By contextualizing their work and by making the age palpable to the reader, S. Frederick Starr gives the achievements of Ibn Sina and Biruni a holistic and unforgettably human dimension.— BUY THE BOOK HERE —The Genius of their AgeIbn Sina, Biruni, and the Lost Enlightenmentby S. Frederick Starrglobal.oup.com/academic/product/the-genius-of-their-age-9780197675557?cc=de&lang=en&utm_campaign=1599541580333588518&utm_source=third%20party&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=web%20banner%20link&utm_term=WHE— MENTIONED BOOK —Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlaneby S. Frederick StarrThe forgotten story of Central Asia's enlightenment—its rise, fall, and enduring legacyhttps://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691165851/lost-enlightenment— CHAPTERS —0:00 Intro 1:05 What is your book about?4:47 Why did you write about two biographies in one book?9:21 How did you decide what to write about?14:42 What surprised you when researching for your book?20:53 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Ibn Battutaworldhistory.org/Ibn_BattutaIslamworldhistory.org/islamAli ibn Abi Talibworldhistory.org/Ali_ibn_Abi_TalibUmayyad Dynastyworldhistory.org/Umayyad_Dynasty— WATCH NEXT —The Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scotsyoutu.be/x0MrMEDiKOUHenry VIII and the English Reformation Explainedyoutu.be/mcZVRxrBIkk— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #history #historybooks
Henry VIII and the English Reformation Explained World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-20 | Did you know that the Protestant Reformation started in England because the king wanted a divorce? This video is all about the establishment of the Protestant Church of England by Henry VIII in the 16th century, best known as the English Reformation.The English Reformation began with Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) and continued in stages over the rest of the 16th century CE. The process witnessed the break away from the Catholic Church headed by the Pope in Rome. The Protestant Church of England was thus established and the English monarch became its supreme head. Other consequences included the dissolution of the monasteries, the abolition of the Mass, the use of the English language in services and in the Bible used, the replacement of altars with communion tables, and a general doing away of the more decorative and showy elements of Catholicism both within services and the churches themselves. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:47 What is the English Reformation?2:01 Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn3:18 The Establishment of the Protestant Church of England6:25 The Reformation in Full Swing8:13 The Reformation Under Edward VI9:23 Reformation Reversal Under Queen Mary I11:02 Queen Elizabeth I and the Protestant Reformation13:24 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — English Reformationworldhistory.org/English_ReformationProtestant Reformationworldhistory.org/Protestant_ReformationDissolution of the Monasteriesworldhistory.org/Dissolution_of_the_MonasteriesHenry VIII of Englandworldhistory.org/Henry_VIII_of_EnglandMary, Queen of Scotsworldhistory.org/Mary_Queen_of_ScotsElizabeth I of Englandworldhistory.org/Elizabeth_I_of_England— WATCH NEXT —The Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ioniayoutu.be/sJp0_hCPeiUThe Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scotsyoutu.be/x0MrMEDiKOU— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - athena.worldhistory.org/article/Henry-VIII-and-the-English-Reformation-Explained-Images-and-AttributionsThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #englishhistory #historyofengland #englishreformation #henryviii
Why Is It Called Bonfire? #englishhistory #halloween #celtic #history World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-17 | Very little is known of the rituals of ancient Samhain because the Church Christianized it – as with many pagan festivals – and what information is available comes from Irish monks who recorded the pre-Christian history of their people as well as other Christian scribes denigrating pagan rites. It seems, however, that the observance included stocking up supplies for the winter, slaughtering cattle, and disposing of the bones in "bone fires" which, in time, came to be known as bonfires. There were gatherings of communities for feasting and drinking while this was going on, but there was also the awareness of the "thin time" of the year and the possibility of otherworldly visitors showing up at the party.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — History of Halloweenworldhistory.org/article/1456/history-of-halloweenSamhainworldhistory.org/Samhain— WATCH NEXT —The History of Samhain and Halloween!youtube.com/watch?v=HkSZ6P4jEDAThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - athena.worldhistory.org/article/Short-Video-Images-and-AttributionsWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #short [short]
The Life and Death of Mary Queen of Scots World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-13 | Did you know that Mary, Queen of Scots, was also the Queen of France? This video is all about the Catholic Queen of Scotland, and briefly the queen of France, Mary Queen of Scots.Mary, Queen of Scots was the queen of both Scotland (r. 1542-1567) and briefly, France (r. 1559-1560). Obliged to flee Scotland, the queen was imprisoned for 19 years by Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603) and finally executed for treason on 8 February 1587.Brought up in France and then marrying the heir to the French throne, Mary's world was turned upside down when her husband Francis II died in 1560 one year into his reign. The queen returned to Scotland but her Catholic views clashed with Protestants there and two more husbands and murder plots further discredited her reign. Following her forced abdication by Scottish nobles, Mary fled to England where she plotted unsuccessfully to oust her cousin Elizabeth I of England.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:42 Who is Mary Queen of Scots?1:58 Mary as Queen of France3:13 Queen Mary in Scotland5:58 Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I of England8:23 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Mary, Queen of Scotsworldhistory.org/Mary_Queen_of_ScotsElizabeth I of Englandworldhistory.org/Elizabeth_I_of_EnglandMary of Guiseworldhistory.org/Mary_of_GuiseJohn Knoxworldhistory.org/John_KnoxJames V of Scotlandworldhistory.org/James_V_of_Scotland— WATCH NEXT —The Real History of the Library of Alexandriayoutu.be/UQxNxc8rNWIThe Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ioniayoutu.be/sJp0_hCPeiUThe Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xgThe Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequencesyoutu.be/JB5VqD4A6R8— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - athena.worldhistory.org/article/Mary-Queen-of-Scots-Images-and-AttributionsThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #englishhistory #historyofengland #queenelizabeth #queenelizabethi
Where Did the Average Roman Live? #history #roman #romanempire #livinginancientrome #insulae World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-10 | As elsewhere, whether on a farm or in the city, daily life still centered on the home, and when people arrived in the city, their first concern was to find a place to live. Space was at a premium in a walled metropolis like Rome, and from the beginning little attention was paid to the housing needs of the people who migrated to the city - tenements provided the best answer. The majority of Roman citizens, not all of them poor, lived in these apartment buildings or insulae. As early as 150 BCE, there were over 46,000 insulae throughout the city.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Daily Lifeworldhistory.org/article/637/roman-daily-lifeRoman Architectureworldhistory.org/Roman_ArchitectureFood in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/684/food-in-the-roman-world— WATCH NEXT —Ten Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtu.be/icGWztf5W0QThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #short [short]
The Wars of the Roses: Causes and Consequences World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-06 | Did you know that the Wars of the Roses only got that name over 300 years after they ended? This video is all about the dynastic conflicts between the Yorks and the Lancasters in the 15th century, now known as the Wars of the Roses. The Wars of the Roses (1455-1487 CE) was a dynastic conflict where the nobility and monarchs of England intermittently battled for supremacy over a period of four decades. Besides the obvious consequences of Lancastrian and Yorkist kings swapping thrones several times and the establishment of the House of Tudor at the end of it all, the wars killed half the lords of the 60 noble families of England, established a much more violent political environment, and saw first a boost to the power of the nobility and then a swing back in the favour of the Crown. Finally, the wars have inspired historians and writers forever after, whether it be Tudor propagandists, William Shakespeare, or the creators of such television shows as Game of Thrones.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:47 The Wars of the Roses (that weren’t wars at all!)2:56 Causes for the Wars of the Roses5:29 The Players: The Yorkists8:22 The Players: The Lancastrians11:42 Act Five: The Impact and Consequences13:20 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Wars of the Rosesworldhistory.org/Wars_of_the_RosesThe Wars of the Roses: Consequences & Effectsworldhistory.org/article/1504/the-wars-of-the-roses-consequences--effectsCauses of the Wars of the Rosesworldhistory.org/article/1498/causes-of-the-wars-of-the-rosesBattle of Bosworthworldhistory.org/Battle_of_Bosworth— WATCH NEXT —The Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxAThe Real History of the Library of Alexandriayoutu.be/UQxNxc8rNWIThe Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ioniayoutu.be/sJp0_hCPeiUThe Poet and Scholar Callimachus of Cyreneyoutu.be/E6lYw2va4xg— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-wars-of-the-roses-causes-and-consequences-images-and-attributions-18626The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #englishhistory #historyofengland #warsoftheroses #houseoftudor #houseoflancaster
What Sauce Did the Romans Use? #history #roman #ancientrome #romanempire #foodinancientrome #garum World History Encyclopedia 2023-10-03 | The production and trade of fish sauce in the ancient world was a significant and widespread industry, stretching from Britain to the Black Sea. Roman fish sauce, known as garum, was one of the most popular and commonly used ingredients in the Roman pantry. Some historians have even argued that fish sauce, common throughout Southeast Asia today, was introduced to the continental subregion via the Silk Road.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Fish Sauce in the Ancient Worldworldhistory.org/article/1276/fish-sauce-in-the-ancient-worldFood in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/684/food-in-the-roman-worldDinner with the Romans: An Interview with Farrell Monacoworldhistory.org/article/1389/dinner-with-the-romans-an-interview-with-farrell-m— WATCH NEXT —Ten Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtu.be/icGWztf5W0QThe music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#short [short]
One of the Greatest Poets of Antiquity - Callimachus of Cyrene World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-29 | Did you know that the prototype of a library’s card catalog was invented over 2000 years ago by Callimachus of Cyrene? This video is all about the great scholar and poet Callimachus of Cyrene who revolutionized library science and literature. Callimachus of Cyrene (l. c. 310-c. 240 BCE) was a poet and scholar associated with the Library of Alexandria and best known for his Pinakes ("Tablets"), a bibliographic catalog of Greek literature, his poetry, and his literary aesthetic which rejected the epic in favor of shorter works and influenced the later development of Roman literature.He is considered one of the greatest poets of antiquity, and, through his influence on Roman writers, set the course for Western literary development, especially through his emphasis on brevity and simplicity of form. Among his best-known quotes is "A big book is a big bore," by which he seems to have meant that "less is more" and one should strive to tell one's story as directly and succinctly as possible. Although much has been made of his rejection of Homer, it seems this has been sensationalized. He rejected the standard of literature Homer had come to define but not necessarily the work itself. A similar case could be made for his relationship with the works of Plato, but both authors clearly influenced his own works.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:48 Who is Callimachus of Cyrene?1:38 Life & Work of Callimachus5:51 Impact & Legacy of Callimachus7:53 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Callimachus of Cyreneworldhistory.org/Callimachus_of_CyreneLibrary of Alexandriaworldhistory.org/Library_of_AlexandriaWhat happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?worldhistory.org/article/207/what-happened-to-the-great-library-at-alexandriaCyreneworldhistory.org/cyrene— WATCH NEXT —The Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of Englandyoutube.com/watch?v=g5ftViSh9sUThe Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxAThe Real History of the Library of Alexandriayoutu.be/UQxNxc8rNWIThe Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ioniayoutu.be/sJp0_hCPeiU— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-poet-and-scholar-callimachus-of-cyrene-images-and-attributions-18596The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #ancienthistory #library #books #ancient
Fast Food - A Roman Invention #history #romanhistory #ancientrome #romehistory World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-26 | Whatever the age of a Roman, they all liked to eat, and life moved at a rapid pace throughout the empire. To meet the demand of a hot meal on the go, the Romans invented fast food in the form of the thermopolium which means “places where something hot is found”, and was a restaurant with a counter where jars of hot food were fitted into holes and covered. The front of the counter would be decorated with the types of food offered – like a McDonald’s menu today – and customers would order, pay, receive their food in disposable clay bowls, and be on their way. There were also thermopolia with dining areas for eat-in meals but most were designed for takeaway. The Roman upper-class looked down on the thermopolia because it was usually frequented by the lower class.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Food in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/684/food-in-the-roman-worldDinner with the Romans: An Interview with Farrell Monacoworldhistory.org/article/1389/dinner-with-the-romans-an-interview-with-farrell-mA Visitor's Guide to Pompeiiworldhistory.org/article/1447/a-visitors-guide-to-pompeii— WATCH NEXT —Ten Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtu.be/icGWztf5W0Q— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - typehut.com/dashboard/sites/2160/posts/16757The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org #short [short]
The Birthplace of Western Philosophy - History of Ionia World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-22 | Did you know that ancient Ionia was the birthplace of Western philosophy and science? This video is all about the fascinating region of ancient Ionia, the birthplace of Western philosophy, science, the Ionic Order of architecture, and the site of one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Ionia was a territory in western Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) populated by the Ionians (Greeks who spoke the Ionian dialect) in c. 1150 BCE. It is best known as the birthplace of Greek philosophy (at Miletus) and the site of the Ionian Revolt which prompted the Persian invasion of Greece in 490 and 480 BCE.The Ionian Greeks outlasted the Western Roman Empire and then the Byzantine Empire, which fell in 1453 CE, and even the Ottoman Empire that controlled the region until 1922. The descendants of the Ionians still live in the same area in the present day and retain the same free spirit of inquiry as their ancestors. Since the ancient Ionian sites were excavated in the late 19th century, they have become a perennial tourist attraction. Ephesus became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2015 and work continues presently in the region whose history is among the most fascinating in the world.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:49 Introduction to Ionia1:44 Name, Cities & The Ionian League3:31 Lydia, Philosophy, and Science6:52 Persia and the Ionian Revolt9:44 Alexander and the Romans in Ionia11:47 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Ioniaworldhistory.org/ioniaLydiaworldhistory.org/lydiaEphesusworldhistory.org/ephesosLibrary of Celsusworldhistory.org/Library_of_CelsusHerodotus on Lydiaworldhistory.org/article/81/herodotus-on-lydia— WATCH NEXT —An Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthageyoutube.com/watch?v=ex0ZtLjsQQg&tThe Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of Englandyoutube.com/watch?v=g5ftViSh9sUThe Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxAThe Real History of the Library of Alexandriayoutu.be/UQxNxc8rNWI— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-real-history-of-the-library-of-alexandria-images-and-attributions-18527The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8A— THUMBNAIL IMAGE —World History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ionia #westernphilosophy #historyofphilosophy
Ink of Ages | International Short Story Contest #shortstorycompetition #history #writingcontest World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-19 | We partnered with Oxford University Press to bring you the Ink of Ages Fiction Prize: World History Encyclopedia's international historical and mythological short story contestSend us your historical or mythology-inspired short fiction and win great prizes: fictionprize.worldhistory.orgWe can't wait to read your story!— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/World History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #historycontest #writing #writingcontest #shortstory #short [short]
The Real History of the Library of Alexandria World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-15 | Did you know that the Library of Alexandria didn’t fall like most people think? This video is all about the Great Library of Alexandria, how it worked, and how its fall did not, actually, set human knowledge back thousands of years.The Library of Alexandria was established under the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt (323-30 BCE) and flourished under the patronage of the early kings to become the most famous library of the ancient world, attracting scholars from around the Mediterranean, and making Alexandria the preeminent intellectual center of its time until its decline after 145 BCE.Alexandria may have been able to boast of the greatest library in the ancient world under the early Ptolemies, but no account from antiquity supports the claim that the library was still a great intellectual center by the Roman Period. It is clear, from references in the works of various ancient writers, that a considerable number of manuscripts were lost at Alexandria between c. 48 BCE and 415 CE, but what these were is unknown. Many of the works referenced as part of the library's collection still exist today all over the world and form part of the collection of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina ("Library of Alexandria"), which opened in 2002 in Alexandria, Egypt, as an homage to the great library of antiquity.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:46 The Library of Alexandria2:25 The Establishment of the Library3:50 Head Librarians of the Library5:28 Organisation & Acquisitions7:30 Decline & Fall of the Great Library10:45 Survival of the Library's Collection12:42 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Library of Alexandriaworldhistory.org/Library_of_AlexandriaWhat happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?worldhistory.org/article/207/what-happened-to-the-great-library-at-alexandriaAlexandria, Egyptworldhistory.org/alexandriaHypatia of Alexandriaworldhistory.org/Hypatia_of_AlexandriaA Weekend in Alexandria, Egyptworldhistory.org/article/1768/a-weekend-in-alexandria-egypt— WATCH NEXT —The Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=aYnK5IeOFGYAn Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthageyoutube.com/watch?v=ex0ZtLjsQQg&tThe Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of Englandyoutube.com/watch?v=g5ftViSh9sUThe Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxA— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-real-history-of-the-library-of-alexandria-images-and-attributions-18527The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #libraryofalexandria #library #books
The Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth I World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-12 | Did you know that the Spanish Armada was defeated as much by storms as by the English navy? This video is all about King Philip II of Spain’s Enterprise of England, and his defeat at the hands of The Royal Navy of Elizabeth I of England in 1588.The 1588 Spanish Armada was a fleet of 132 ships assembled by King Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598) to invade England, his 'Enterprise of England'. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603) met the Armada in the English Channel and, thanks to superior manoeuvrability, better firepower, and bad weather, the Spanish were defeated.After the battle, the remains of the Armada were then obliged to sail around the dangerous shores of Scotland and so more ships and men were lost until only half of the fleet eventually made it back to Spanish waters. The English-Spanish war continued, and Philip tried to invade with future naval expeditions, but the defeat of the 1588 Armada became the stuff of legend, celebrated in art and literature and regarded as a mark of divine favour for the supremacy of Protestant England over Catholic Spain. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:46 Three Queens and a King3:53 The Deteriorating Relationship Between England and Spain6:53 The Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy10:00 The Aftermath11:14 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Spanish Armadaworldhistory.org/Spanish_ArmadaSpanish Galleonworldhistory.org/Spanish_GalleonElizabeth I of Englandworldhistory.org/Elizabeth_I_of_EnglandMary, Queen of Scotsworldhistory.org/Mary_Queen_of_ScotsFrancis Drakeworldhistory.org/Francis_Drake— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome and the Spread of Christianityyoutube.com/watch?v=csBHLmZ01xgThe Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=aYnK5IeOFGYAn Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthageyoutube.com/watch?v=ex0ZtLjsQQg&tThe Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of Englandyoutube.com/watch?v=g5ftViSh9sU— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-spanish-armada-vs-the-royal-navy-of-elizabeth-i-images-and-attributions-18513The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #englishhistory #historyofengland #queenelizabeth #queenelizabethi
The Life of Tudor Queen Elizabeth I of England World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-08 | Did you know that Elizabeth I of England was fluent in five languages? This video is all about the monarch who ruled England for 44 years and whose reign is still regarded as a golden age for England - Queen Elizabeth I.Elizabeth I reigned as queen of England from 1558 to 1603 CE. Her 44-year reign was so long and packed with momentous events that the second half of the 16th century CE is now known as the Elizabethan era and still regarded as a 'Golden Age' for England.Throughout her reign, Elizabeth never had children, nor did she ever nominate an heir, which meant that the throne of England went to her closest relative, James VI of Scotland the son of Mary Queen of Scots, who became James I of England, establishing the Stuart Dynasty that would rule until 1714. Elizabeth remained a popular monarch after her death and an inspirational figure going forward. “Good Queen Bess” was regularly invoked throughout the Victorian Period and in the wars of the 20th century whenever England was threatened by foreign powers, and her name still resonates today. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:48 Early Life of Elizabeth I3:30 Succession to the Throne of England5:34 Issues of Religion and Politics9:04 The Spanish Armada10:37 Elizabethan Culture13:03 Death and Successor of Elizabeth I14:35 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Elizabeth I of Englandworldhistory.org/Elizabeth_I_of_EnglandElizabeth I & the Power of Imageworldhistory.org/article/1562/elizabeth-i--the-power-of-imageGallery of Elizabeth I Portraitsworldhistory.org/Elizabeth_I_of_EnglandMary, Queen of Scotsworldhistory.org/Mary_Queen_of_ScotsSpanish Armadaworldhistory.org/Spanish_Armada— WATCH NEXT —King Henry VIII and His Six Wivesyoutube.com/watch?v=iRJhEgD6S1MElizabethan Theatre, Queen Elizabeth I and William Shakespeareyoutube.com/watch?v=K66AFyeSoYEThe Spanish Armada vs. The Royal Navy of Elizabeth Iyoutube.com/watch?v=KMVORli6lxAAn Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthageyoutube.com/watch?v=ex0ZtLjsQQg&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-life-of-tudor-queen-elizabeth-i-of-england-images-and-attributions-18485The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #englishhistory #historyofengland #queenelizabeth #queenelizabethi
International Short Story Contest | Ink of Ages World History Encyclopedia 2023-09-05 | We partnered with Oxford University Press to bring you the Ink of Ages Fiction Prize: World History Encyclopedia's international historical and mythological short story contestSend us your historical or mythology-inspired short fiction and win great prizes: fictionprize.worldhistory.orgWe can't wait to read your story!— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/World History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #historycontest #writing #writingcontest #shortstory
An Introduction to the Punic Wars - Ancient Rome vs. Carthage World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-19 | Did you know that Carthage lost the Punic Wars primarily by not supporting its troops? This video is all about the Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome and how the Carthaginians were defeated, mainly, by their refusal to support their generals and resupply the troops.The Punic Wars were a series of conflicts fought between Carthage and Rome between 264 BCE and 146 BCE. As the history of the conflict was written by Roman authors, they labeled them collectively as 'The Punic Wars' which refers to: - First Punic War (264-241 BCE) - Second Punic War (218-201 BCE) - Third Punic War (149-146 BCE)Rome won all three of these wars, allowing the Romans to dominate the Mediterranean region which had previously been controlled by Carthage. Prior to the conflict, Carthage had grown from a small port-of-call to the richest and most powerful city in the Mediterranean region before 260 BCE. She had a powerful navy, a mercenary army, and, through tribute, tariffs, and trade, enough wealth to do as she pleased.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:48 What are the Punic Wars?2:07 The Lead up to the Conflict3:39 The First Punic War (264 - 2421 BCE)7:01 The Second Punic War (218-201 BCE)12:59 The Third Punic War (149-146 BCE)14:46 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Punic Warsworldhistory.org/Punic_WarsFirst Punic Warworldhistory.org/First_Punic_WarSecond Punic Warworldhistory.org/Second_Punic_WarThird Punic Warworldhistory.org/Third_Punic_WarCarthaginian Naval Warfaremember.worldhistory.org/Carthaginian_Naval_Warfare— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPAll Roads Lead to Rome: The Roads of Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=IR1_pgfjVwQ&tFullers of Ancient Rome (The Clothes Cleaners of Rome)youtube.com/watch?v=cQi6Wm9CBv0Ancient Rome and the Spread of Christianityyoutube.com/watch?v=csBHLmZ01xgThe Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=aYnK5IeOFGY— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/an-introduction-to-the-punic-wars-ancient-rome-vs-carthage-images-and-attributions-18282The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #AncientRome #punicwars #carthage #romanwarfare
The Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-15 | Did you know that the term Five Good Emperors is from the modern era? This video is all about five emperors of the Roman Empire that are collectively known as the good emperors.The first of the five, Nerva, reigned from 96 to 98 CE, taking the throne after Domitian of the Flavian Dynasty had been assassinated. Trajan reigned from 98 to 117 and was regarded as a great emperor early on. Hadrian became an even more popular emperor than Trajan. Antoninus Pius, who reigned from 138 to 161, found favor with Hadrian early and was married to his niece Faustina the Elder, to whom he was famously devoted. Marcus Aurelius reigned from 161 to 180 and Lucius Verus between 161 and 169, and the two were almost complete opposites in character. Unlike his predecessors, Aurelius chose his son Commodus, his co-ruler, as heir but Commodus proved to be a disappointment, ending the period of the Five Good Emperors of Rome. According to some historians, Commodus’ reign marks the beginning of the decline of the Roman Empire as well as it was followed by the chaotic time of the Year of the Five Emperors and, shortly after, the Crisis of the Third Century. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:42 The Five Good Emperors of Rome3:13 Nerva 96 - 98 CE4:38 Trajan 98 - 117 CE6:02 Hadrian 117 - 138 CE7:09 Antoninus Pius 138 - 161 CE8:14 Marcus Aurelius 161 - 180 CE10:10 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Visual Chronology of Roman Emperors: Augustus to Constantineworldhistory.org/article/677/visual-chronology-of-roman-emperors-augustus-to-coNervaworldhistory.org/NervaTrajanworldhistory.org/trajanHadrianworldhistory.org/hadrianAntoninus Pius worldhistory.org/Antoninus_PiusMarcus Aureliusworldhistory.org/Marcus_Aurelius— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPHistory of Slavery in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=sRtyTq4PORQ&tAll Roads Lead to Rome: The Roads of Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=IR1_pgfjVwQ&tFullers of Ancient Rome (The Clothes Cleaners of Rome)youtube.com/watch?v=cQi6Wm9CBv0Ancient Rome and the Spread of Christianityyoutube.com/watch?v=csBHLmZ01xg— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-five-good-emperors-of-the-roman-empire-images-and-attributions-18238The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #AncientRome #FiveGoodEmperors #romanemperor
Ancient Rome and the Spread of Christianity World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-11 | Did you know that Christianity in Rome was once considered a superstition? This video is all about Christianity in ancient Rome. The growth of Christianity and its eventual triumph in medieval Europe is currently a major topic of interest for historians. The traditional view was that Christianity offered a system of morality and solace to a world that was spiritually bereft. This is patently not true; the ancients were just as pious and spiritually awakened as Christians. Christianity absorbed this culture but added unique innovations that provided new meaning, and in a world with no certainty of the afterlife, Christianity provided assurance of one in heaven. When Constantine the Great converted, how many saw the winds of political change as a practical way to survive and get ahead?— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:40 Religion in Ancient Rome2:45 Roman Gods & the Imperial Cult4:00 Early Christianity & Persecutions5:57 Constantine & Theodosius9:25 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Rome’s Response to the Spread of Christianityworldhistory.org/article/1671/romes-response-to-the-spread-of-christianityEarly Christianityworldhistory.org/article/1205/early-christianityFall of the Western Roman Empireworldhistory.org/article/835/fall-of-the-western-roman-empireChristianitymember.worldhistory.org/christianityThe Separation of Christianity from Judaismworldhistory.org/article/1785/the-separation-of-christianity-from-judaism— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Cult of the Emperor in the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=wvQKrFwI6oYHistory of Slavery in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=sRtyTq4PORQ&tAll Roads Lead to Rome: The Roads of Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=IR1_pgfjVwQ&tFullers of Ancient Rome (The Clothes Cleaners of Rome)youtube.com/watch?v=cQi6Wm9CBv0— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/ancient-rome-and-the-spread-of-christianity-images-and-attributions-18194The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #AncientRome #Christianity #Christianhistory
How Did the Romans Do Their Laundry? (Fullers of Ancient Rome) World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-08 | Did you know that the laundromats of ancient Rome used urine as a detergent? This video is all about the fullers of ancient Rome and how the Romans got their clothes cleaned. The fullers of ancient Rome were launderers who washed the clothes of the city and also finished processing fabric later made into clothing, blankets, or other necessary items. They were looked down upon for their use of human and animal urine as a detergent but were among the most successful and highly-paid workers in the city.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:42 History of Fullers2:38 The Clothing & the Process6:48 The Social Status of Fullers9:18 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — The Fullers of Ancient Romeworldhistory.org/article/46/the-fullers-of-ancient-romeThe Roman Togaworldhistory.org/article/48/the-roman-togaA Visitor's Guide to Pompeiiworldhistory.org/article/1447/a-visitors-guide-to-pompeiiAncient Greek Clothingworldhistory.org/article/20/ancient-greek-clothingPompeiiworldhistory.org/pompeii— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicgThe Cult of the Emperor in the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=wvQKrFwI6oYHistory of Slavery in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=sRtyTq4PORQ&tAll Roads Lead to Rome: The Roads of Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=IR1_pgfjVwQ&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/fullers-of-ancient-rome-the-clothes-cleaners-of-rome-images-and-attributions-18171The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #AncientRome #RomanFullers #fullers
All Roads Lead to Rome: The Roads of Ancient Rome World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-04 | Did you know that Roman roads were dug through mountains and across rivers? This video is all about Roman roads, how they were built, and how they lasted for centuries. Roman roads were, then, the arteries of the empire. They connected communities, cities, and provinces, and without them, the Romans could surely not have conquered and held onto the vast territories they did over so many centuries. Further, such were the engineering and surveying skills of the Romans that many of their roads have provided the basis for hundreds of today's routes across Europe and the Middle East. Many roads in Italy still use the original Roman name for certain stretches, and even some bridges, such as at Tre Ponti in modern Fàiti, still carry road traffic today.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:42 All Roads Lead to Rome1:43 Types of Roads & Famous Roads3:13 Construction of the Roman Roads4:52 Bridges and Tunnels5:35 The Impact of Roads in Rome6:39 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Roadsworldhistory.org/article/758/roman-roadsRoman Engineeringworldhistory.org/Roman_EngineeringVisitor’s Guide to Carsulae (San Damiano)worldhistory.org/article/1749/visitors-guide-to-carsulae-san-damianoRoman Architectureworldhistory.org/Roman_Architecture— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&tClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicgThe Cult of the Emperor in the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=wvQKrFwI6oYHistory of Slavery in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=sRtyTq4PORQ&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/all-roads-lead-to-rome-the-roads-of-ancient-rome-images-and-attributions-18143The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#History #AncientRome #RomanRoads
History of Slavery in Ancient Rome World History Encyclopedia 2023-08-01 | Did you know that 1 in 5 people were slaves during the Roman Empire? This video is all about the widespread institution of slavery in ancient Rome.Slavery was a widespread institution in ancient Rome with 1 in 5 people serving as slaves during the time of the empire, but the institution of slavery went back to the Kingdom of Rome dated between 753-509 BCE, and it developed during the time of the Republic between 509 and 27 BCE – before becoming the most prevalent form of free labor during the Roman Empire – from 27 BCE to 476 CE. Slaves were originally prisoners of war but, in time, could be those sold by their families to relieve debt, those kidnapped by slavers, convicted criminals, or those born into slavery. Slaves had no rights and no recourse to the law as they were viewed as the property of their masters just as a chair or couch or cup would be.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:41 Slavery in Ancient Rome1:43 Slavery During the Republic3:13 The Status & Roles of Slaves6:16 The Servile Wars and Slave Rebellions8:47 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Slavery in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/629/slavery-in-the-roman-worldMarcus Licinius Crassusworldhistory.org/Marcus_Licinius_CrassusSpartacusworldhistory.org/spartacusThe Spartacus Revoltworldhistory.org/article/871/the-spartacus-revolt— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPAncient Roman Ghosts, Spirits and Ghost Storiesyoutube.com/watch?v=ZwqoabaQB0cHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&tClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicgThe Cult of the Emperor in the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=wvQKrFwI6oY— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/history-of-slavery-in-ancient-rome-images-and-attributions-18137The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #slavery
The Cult of the Emperor in the Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-28 | Did you know that Rome’s Imperial Cult never claimed the living emperor was a god? This video is all about the Imperial Cult or the cult of the emperor of ancient Rome, what it meant, and how it worked. The Imperial Cult of ancient Rome was a state religion that deified the emperor (and sometimes members of his family) after his death and encouraged cultural and political unity. The emperor himself was not regarded as an immortal and all-powerful god but, while he held that title, he represented the divine authority of the Roman State. So the Imperial Cult actually encouraged the worship of the State as embodied in the emperor, not the individual person – though some emperors would claim otherwise.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:46 The Cult of the Emperor or the Imperial Cult3:40 Augustus & The Cult5:10 Worship, Sacrifice, and How it Worked6:39 Decline of the Cult and Christianity8:35 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman emperorworldhistory.org/Roman_EmperorVisual Chronology of Roman Emperors: Augustus to Constantineworldhistory.org/article/677/visual-chronology-of-roman-emperors-augustus-to-coAugustusworldhistory.org/augustusReforms of Augustusworldhistory.org/article/905/reforms-of-augustusRome's Response to the Spread of Christianityworldhistory.org/article/1671/romes-response-to-the-spread-of-christianity— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPAncient Roman Ghosts, Spirits and Ghost Storiesyoutube.com/watch?v=ZwqoabaQB0cHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&tClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicgPompey the Great - Statesman and General of the Roman Republicyoutube.com/watch?v=bayWLIlsjGI&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/ancient-roman-ghosts-spirits-and-ghost-stories-images-and-attributions-17937The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanempire
Ancient Roman Ghosts, Spirits and Ghost Stories World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-25 | Did you know that the Romans believed ghosts returned in the dreams of the living? This video is all about Roman ghosts, how they appeared, and what they meant.the Romans believed in ghosts as just another aspect of daily life. Each person was thought to be animated by a divine spark and, when they died, this spark - their spirit - moved on to the afterlife. The Romans believed in many different kinds of spirits and among these were those who, for one reason or another, could not - or would not - move on and returned to haunt the living as ghosts.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:40 Ancient Roman Ghosts1:15 Ancient Roman Spirits4:27 Ancient Roman Ghost Stories7:53 Ancient Roman Funerals and Monuments9:19 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Ghosts in the ancient worldworldhistory.org/ghostGhosts in Ancient Egyptworldhistory.org/Ghosts_in_Ancient_EgyptGhosts in Ancient Chinaworldhistory.org/article/892/ghosts-in-ancient-chinaGhosts in the Middle Agesworldhistory.org/article/1404/ghosts-in-the-middle-agesGhosts in Ancient Mesopotamiaworldhistory.org/article/2101/ghosts-in-ancient-mesopotamia— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&tClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicgPompey the Great - Statesman and General of the Roman Republicyoutube.com/watch?v=bayWLIlsjGI&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/ancient-roman-ghosts-spirits-and-ghost-stories-images-and-attributions-17937The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #pompeythegreat
SASA Virtual Conference Day 2 World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-24 | Turn your videos into live streams with Restream https://restre.am/ANImJoin Save Ancient Studies Alliance for the second day of academic presentations, July 24, 2023, as we learn about "Discovery, Science, and Technology in the Ancient World: Traditions and Innovations" from a group of wonderful Independent Scholars.Please submit your questions and comments to the presenters in the chat box wherever you are watching this. These will be posed to the presenters at the discretion of the moderator.This event is free to the public. For more information about the conference, go to saveancientstudies.org. And, check out SASA's many projects bringing Ancient Studies to the public.If you've enjoyed this event, please consider supporting SASA by donating at saveancientstudies.org/donate. Those who donate $25 and above enter the raffle for some SASA swag!Thanks to our partners for joining us in livestreaming this conference: Digital Hammurabi, World History Encyclopedia, World of Antiquity, Per-Hay Studio, New Classicists, The History of the World, History with Kayleigh.#OAWconference #SASA #AncientHistory #AncientStudies
SASA Virtual Conference Day 1 World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-23 | Turn your videos into live streams with Restream https://restre.am/ANImJoin Save Ancient Studies Alliance for 2 days of academic presentations, July 23-24, 2023, as we learn about "Discovery, Science, and Technology in the Ancient World: Traditions and Innovations" from a group of wonderful Independent Scholars.Please submit your questions and comments to the presenters in the chat box wherever you are watching this. These will be posed to the presenters at the discretion of the moderator.This event is free to the public. For more information about the conference, go to saveancientstudies.org. And, check out SASA's many projects bringing Ancient Studies to the public.If you've enjoyed this event, please consider supporting SASA by donating at saveancientstudies.org/donate. Those who donate $25 and above enter the raffle for some SASA swag!Thanks to our partners for joining us in livestreaming this conference: Digital Hammurabi, World History Encyclopedia, World of Antiquity, Per-Hay Studio, New Classicists, The History of the World, History with Kayleigh.#OAWconference #SASA #AncientHistory #AncientStudies
Pompey the Great - Statesman and General of the Roman Republic World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-21 | Did you know that Pompey the Great defeated the Cilician Pirates in under a year? This video is all about the fascinating Roman general and statesman Pompey the Great. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus – better known as Pompey the Great – lived between 106 and 48 BCE and was one of the greatest generals and statesmen of the late Roman Republic. His accomplishments are sometimes overshadowed by his younger contemporary Julius Caesar but, in his time, Pompey was far more popular – at least initially – and much more powerful. His assassination in Egypt at the end of his civil war with Caesar was a bad end to an illustrious life and has sometimes encouraged the view that Pompey was a “famous loser” but this interpretation fails to take into account his many impressive achievements and brilliant military strategies. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:42 Who is Pompey the Great?1:41 Early Life and Career3:34 Consulship & Cilician Pirates5:21 The First Triumvirate7:56 Civil War & Pompey's Death9:38 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Pompeyworldhistory.org/pompeyThe Battle of Pharsalusworldhistory.org/article/697/the-battle-of-pharsalusJulius Caesarworldhistory.org/Julius_CaesarAncient Romeworldhistory.org/Rome— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&tClothing and Fashion in Ancient Romeyoutube.com/watch?v=i5myVyiGicg— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/pompey-the-great-images-and-attributions-17809The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #pompeythegreat
Clothing and Fashion in Ancient Rome World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-18 | In this video, we explore the fascinating world of clothing in ancient Rome. From the basic tunica to the formal toga, we'll take a look at what people wore and how they used clothing to indicate social status and occupation. We'll also delve into the materials used, including wool, linen, cotton, and silk, and how they were produced both in the home and commercially throughout Italy and much of the Roman Empire.Clothing in ancient Rome was primarily made of wool, which was produced both in the home and commercially throughout Italy and much of the Roman Empire. Sometimes clothes were made from rare materials such as linen from Egypt, cotton from India, and silk from China. Men generally wore white or off-white colored clothing, while women wore white clothing until they were married and then wore clothing in a variety of colors. The basic garment for both genders and all classes was the tunica (tunic), which was a short-sleeved, close-fitting garment made from wool or linen. On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga, draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla, over a stola, a simple, long-sleeved, voluminous garment that modestly hung to cover the feet. Clothing was also used to indicate social status and occupation, with senators and magistrates wearing distinctive garments. Wealthy women wore a wide variety of jewelry including earrings, necklaces, tiaras, and bracelets, while men usually only wore rings.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:50 Clothing in Ancient Rome2:05 Roman Men's Clothing4:31 Roman Women’s Clothing5:20 Hairstyles and Accessories6:43 Manufacture & Laundering8:54 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — The Roman Togaworldhistory.org/article/48/the-roman-togaThe Fullers of Ancient Romeworldhistory.org/article/46/the-fullers-of-ancient-romeTyrian Purpleworldhistory.org/Tyrian_PurpleAncient Greek Clothingworldhistory.org/article/20/ancient-greek-clothing— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Flavian Dynasty of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=jRMPtpzZ8TIThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexHistory of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=lu2QpYetLjc&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/clothing-and-fashion-in-ancient-rome-images-and-attributions-17799The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #fullers #ancientromeclothing
History of Dogs in Ancient Roman Society and Mythology World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-14 | Dogs were highly valued in ancient Rome, as they were in other cultures, and the Roman dog served many of the same purposes as it did in, say, Egypt and Persia - as hunters, guardians, and companions - but with a significant difference in focus.The Romans relied heavily on their dogs to assist and protect them in their daily lives and so, although it may seem a contradiction to a modern audience, it is not surprising that dogs were also offered in sacrifice to the gods. As with other cultures, the Romans sacrificed the best of what they had, not what they could easily do without, and dog sacrifices are the best example of this.In the same way, the fighting dog – whether in the Colosseum or a local ring – was far from poorly used but, rather, highly honored and well-cared for. The owner's reputation and, often, livelihood depended on the dog's performance in a fight and they received better care and greater attention than many of the slaves in Rome or even some family members.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:52 Dogs in Ancient Rome1:39 Dogs in Roman Myth2:49 Roles of Dogs in Ancient Rome6:37 Popular Breeds & Collars8:46 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Dogs & Their Collars in Ancient Romeworldhistory.org/article/1603/dogs--their-collars-in-ancient-romeDogs in the Ancient Worldworldhistory.org/article/184/dogs-in-the-ancient-worldA Brief History of the Dog Collarworldhistory.org/article/1605/a-brief-history-of-the-dog-collarDogs & Their Collars in Ancient Greeceworldhistory.org/article/1604/dogs--their-collars-in-ancient-greece— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Flavian Dynasty of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=jRMPtpzZ8TIThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexMarcus Aurelius: The Philosopher & Emperor of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=KKkIdHbEWkk— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/history-of-dogs-in-ancient-roman-society-and-myth-images-and-attributions-17790The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romedog #dogsinancientrome
Unique and Lesser-Known Gods and Goddess of Roman Mythology World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-11 | In this video, we embark on a journey to discover the intriguing realm of lesser-known Roman gods and goddesses. Delve into the depths of ancient Roman mythology and unravel the stories of deities who have remained hidden in the shadows of more well-known figures like Jupiter, Venus, and Mars. — SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:52 Roman Gods and Religion1:47 Bellona The War Goddess2:27 Cardea & Terminus3:27 Two-Faced Janus4:14 Quirinus the God of the State4:51 Mithras and Mithraisim5:53 Liber and Libera7:00 Concordia & Sulis Minerva8:29 Laverna & Pales9:22 Trivia & Voluptas10:55 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Janusworldhistory.org/JanusMithraismworldhistory.org/Mithraic_MysteriesArch of Janusworldhistory.org/article/593/arch-of-janusRoman Mythologyworldhistory.org/Roman_Mythology— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Flavian Dynasty of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=jRMPtpzZ8TIThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexMarcus Aurelius: The Philosopher & Emperor of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=KKkIdHbEWkk— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/lesser-known-roman-deities-images-and-attributions-17745The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #godsofrome
The Flavian Dynasty of the Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-07 | The Flavian Emperors were a dynasty of Roman emperors who ruled from 69 to 96 CE. They consisted of three emperors: Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian. - Vespasian (ruled 69-79 CE) was a skilled military commander who rose to power during the Year of the Four Emperors, a period of civil war following the death of Nero. He successfully established stability in Rome and is known for his efforts in rebuilding the city after the destructive Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD. Vespasian also initiated the construction of the Colosseum, which would become a symbol of Roman grandeur.- Titus (ruled 79-81 CE) was the eldest son of Vespasian and served as his father's military commander during the Jewish War. He is best remembered for his efforts in quelling the Great Jewish Revolt, culminating in the siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Despite his short reign as emperor, Titus is praised for his benevolent rule, generosity, and for his efforts in disaster relief, particularly during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, which buried the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.- Domitian (ruled 81-96 CE) was the younger son of Vespasian and brother of Titus. He initially faced opposition and conspiracy plots during his reign, but eventually consolidated his power. Domitian was known for his authoritarian rule and was perceived as more tyrannical compared to his predecessors. He implemented strict control over the Roman aristocracy, expanded the imperial bureaucracy, and conducted military campaigns in the Danube region. However, his reign was also marked by construction projects, such as the restoration of the Temple of Jupiter and the completion of the Arch of Titus.Overall, the Flavian Emperors played a crucial role in stabilizing Rome after a period of political unrest and military challenges, leaving a lasting impact on Roman politics, architecture, and governance.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:58 From the Julio-Claudians to the Flavian Dynasty2:10 The Emperor Vespasian3:45 The Emperor Titus4:43 The Emperor Domitian6:30 Legacy of the Flavian Dynasty7:40 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Domitianworldhistory.org/domitianColosseumworldhistory.org/ColosseumVespasianworldhistory.org/VespasianTitusworldhistory.org/Titus_(Roman_Emperor)— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Ancient Romans at War - Warfare and Strategyyoutube.com/watch?v=4-vvyheWmHc&tThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAn Introduction to Ancient Roman Literatureyoutube.com/watch?v=SMSv5iR5wmo&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=4&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-flavian-dynasty-of-the-roman-empire-images-and-attributions-17719The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #flaviandynasty
Conquistadors and Aztecs - A History of the Fall of Tenochtitlan | Interview w/ Stefan Rinke World History Encyclopedia 2023-07-04 | A highly readable narrative of the causes, course, and consequences of the Spanish Conquest, incorporating the perspectives of many Native groups, Black slaves, and the conquistadors, timed with the 500th anniversary of the fall of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.Five hundred years ago, a flotilla landed on the coast of Yucatán under the command of the Spanish conquistador Hérnan Cortés. While the official goal of the expedition was to explore and to expand the Christian faith, everyone involved knew that it was primarily about gold and the hunt for slaves.That a few hundred Spaniards destroyed the Aztec empire—a highly developed culture—is an old chestnut, because the conquistadors, who had every means to make a profit, did not succeed alone. They encountered groups such as the Tlaxcaltecs, who suffered from the Aztec rule and were ready to enter into alliances with the foreigners to overthrow their old enemy. In addition, the conquerors benefited from the diseases brought from Europe, which killed hundreds of thousands of locals. Drawing on both Spanish and indigenous sources, this account of the conquest of Mexico from 1519 to 1521 not only offers a dramatic narrative of these events—including the fall of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan and the flight of the conquerors—but also represents the individual protagonists on both sides, their backgrounds, their diplomacy, and their struggles. It vividly portrays the tens of thousands of local warriors who faced off against each other during the fighting as they attempted to free themselves from tribute payments to the Aztecs.Written by a leading historian of Latin America, Conquistadors and Aztecs offers a timely portrayal of the fall of Tenochtitlan and the founding of an empire that would last for centuries.— BUY THE BOOK HERE —Conquistadors and AztecsA History of the Fall of Tenochtitlanby Stefan Rinkeglobal.oup.com/academic/product/conquistadors-and-aztecs-9780197552469?utm_campaign=1351506271069009912&utm_source=third%20party&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=web+banner+link&utm_term=WHE— LEARN MORE ABOUT ROBIN AND HIS OTHER WORKS —www.robinwaterfield.com— CHAPTERS —0:00 Intro0:50 What is your book about?3:27 Why did you choose this topic for your book?7:55 What did you learn from working with Indigenous and Spanish records?16:23 What is something you learned while working on your book?22:11 What is something you would like people to know about the topic of your book?25:27 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Aztec Civilizationworldhistory.org/Aztec_CivilizationThe Conquest of New Spainworldhistory.org/The_Conquest_of_New_SpainAztec Warfareworldhistory.org/Aztec_WarfareAztec Artworldhistory.org/Aztec_Art— WATCH NEXT —History of the Aztec Civilization, a Mesoamerican Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=RH_8Q5rs8c0The Maya Civilization, Culture, Calendar and History: an Introduction to a Mesoamerican Civilizationyoutube.com/watch?v=_fL3NgWAhR8&tThe Fall of the Inca Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=ALAS9NLcFIk&t— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— ATTRIBUTIONS —The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#aztecs #history #historybooks #latinamericahistory
Marcus Aurelius: The Philosopher & Emperor of the Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-30 | Marcus Aurelius (r. 161 to 180 CE) was a Roman emperor best known as the last of the Five Good Emperors of Rome (following Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius) and as the author of the philosophical work Meditations. Although it has been claimed he instigated a persecution of Christians, modern scholarship argues against this.He has long been respected as embodying the Platonic concept of the Philosopher King as articulated in Plato's Republic: a ruler who does not seek power for his own sake but to help his people. He was introduced to philosophy at a young age and his Meditations, composed while on campaign in his fifties, make clear that he held a deeply philosophical, specifically Stoic, view throughout his life.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:59 Early Life of Marcus Aurelius2:43 Adoption by Antoninus Pius4:19 Marcus Aurelius as Emperor of Rome6:54 Philosopher First, Emperor Second – His Meditations9:12 Death and Legacy of Marcus Aurelius10:23 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Marcus Aureliusworldhistory.org/Marcus_AureliusMarcus Aurelius: Plato’s Philosopher Kingworldhistory.org/article/174/marcus-aurelius-platos-philosopher-kingMarcus Aurelius: Philosopher Emperor or Philosopher-King?member.worldhistory.org/article/817/marcus-aurelius-philosopher-emperor-or-philosopherThe Column of Marcus Aureliusworldhistory.org/article/647/the-column-of-marcus-aurelius— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Ancient Romans at War - Warfare and Strategyyoutube.com/watch?v=4-vvyheWmHc&tThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAn Introduction to Ancient Roman Literatureyoutube.com/watch?v=SMSv5iR5wmo&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=4&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/marcus-aurelius-images-and-attributions-17552The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #marcusaureliusquotes #marcusaurelius
Influential Imperial Women of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-27 | There were many famous women in Rome’s history from the early Kingdom of Rome through the Roman Republic but among the best known are those of the Roman Empire and, among these, the women of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty - the first dynasty of the empire. The Roman Empire was founded by Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE who also established this dynasty defined by the reign of Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero between 27 BCE and 68 CE. Many women played influential roles during this era but we will address three of the best-known here: Livia Drusilla, Valeria Messalina, and Agrippina the Younger. The Julio-Claudian dynasty is the collective name given to the first five emperors of the ancient Roman Empire. The name of the dynasty derives from the names of the two families from which its members came: the Julii Caesares and Claudii Nerones. Beginning with Rome's first Emperor and ending with the most infamous, the period they reigned covers 27 BCE to 68 CE.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:53 The Julio-Claudian Dynasty1:40 Livia Drusilla5:13 Valeria Messalina7:46 Agrippina the Younger11:34 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — The Role of Women in the Roman Worldworldhistory.org/article/659/the-role-of-women-in-the-roman-worldAgrippina the Youngerworldhistory.org/Agrippina_the_YoungerValeria Messalinaworldhistory.org/Valeria_MessalinaLivia Drusillaworldhistory.org/Livia_DrusillaNeroworldhistory.org/Nero— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Ancient History of Roman Britainyoutube.com/watch?v=Swnqvd2VWD4&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=3&tThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAn Introduction to Ancient Roman Literatureyoutube.com/watch?v=SMSv5iR5wmo&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=4&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/influential-imperial-women-of-the-julio-claudian-dynasty-images-and-attributions-17446The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #womenhistory
The Ancient Romans at War - Warfare and Strategy World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-23 | Roman Warfare was remarkably successful over many centuries and across many territories. This was due to several important factors. Italy was a peninsula not easily attacked, there was a huge pool of fighting men to draw upon, a disciplined and innovative army, a centralised command and line of supply, expert engineers, and effective diplomacy through a network of allies.Further, Rome’s allies not only supplied, equipped and paid for additional men but they also supplied vital materials such as grain and ships. In addition, the Romans had an inclusive approach to conquered peoples which allowed for the strengthening and broadening of the Roman power and logistical bases. On top of all this, Rome was more or less in a continuous state of war or readiness for it and believed absolutely in the necessity of defending and imposing on others what she firmly believed was her cultural superiority.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:51 Introduction to Ancient Roman Warfare1:56 Kingdom of Rome & Republic4:05 The Imperial Military5:23 Structure & Command6:34 Naval Warfare7:25 Strategies & Logistics8:38 Victories & Spoils9:50 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Warfare worldhistory.org/Roman_WarfareRoman Naval Warfare worldhistory.org/Roman_Naval_WarfareRoman Siege Warfare worldhistory.org/Roman_Siege_WarfareRoman Artillery worldhistory.org/article/649/roman-artilleryRoman Cavalry worldhistory.org/Roman_Cavalry— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Ancient History of Roman Britainyoutube.com/watch?v=Swnqvd2VWD4&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=3&tThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAn Introduction to Ancient Roman Literatureyoutube.com/watch?v=SMSv5iR5wmo&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=4&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/roman-warfare-images-and-attributions-17391The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #ancientwars
The Ancient History of Roman Britain World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-20 | Britain was a significant addition to the ever-expanding Roman Empire. For decades Rome had been conquering the Mediterranean Sea - defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars, overwhelming Macedon and Greece, and finally marching into Syria and Egypt. At long last, they gazed northward across the Alps towards Gaul and ultimately setting their sights across the channel (they believed it to be an ocean) into Britannia. After Claudius' invasion in 43 CE, part of the island became a Roman province in name, however, conquest was a long process. Constantly rebellious and twice reorganized, it was finally abandoned by the Romans in 410 CE.At the time of the Roman arrival, Britain (originally known as Albion) was mostly comprised of small Iron Age communities, primarily agrarian, tribal, with enclosed settlements. Southern Britain shared their culture with northern Gaul (modern day France and Belgium); many southern Britons were Belgae in origin and shared a common language with them. In fact, after 120 BCE trading between Transalpine Gaul intensified with the Britons receiving such domestic imports as wine; there was also some evidence of Gallo-Belgae coinage.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:53 Britain and Rome - The Beginning1:44 The Invasion of 432:53 Boudicca’s Revolt of 60/613:53 Battle of Mons Graupius in 835:18 Romanization and Hadrian’s Wall6:31 Septimius Severus and The Crisis of the Third Century9:01 The Fourth Century and Withdrawal10:40 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Britainworldhistory.org/Roman_BritainRoman Empireworldhistory.org/Roman_EmpireRoman Republicworldhistory.org/Roman_RepublicHadrian's Wallworldhistory.org/Hadrians_WallTop 10 Sights along Hadrian's Wallworldhistory.org/article/2074/top-10-sights-along-hadrians-wall— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPTen Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtube.com/watch?v=icGWztf5W0Q&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=13&tAncient Roman Society and Social Order youtube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=11&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/roman-britain-images-and-attributions-17298The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #englishhistory
Ten Myths About Juneteenth World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-16 | Juneteenth is an annual event celebrating the end of chattel slavery in the United States in commemorating the issuance of General Order No. 3 (which included the line "all slaves are free") in Galveston, Texas on 19 June 1865. In 2021, Juneteenth was declared a federal holiday and is also celebrated outside of the United States.There are many other myths surrounding Juneteenth, as with any historical event, but these do not in any way diminish the significance of 19 June 1865 or the celebration that commemorates that day. Juneteenth celebrations began in Texas in January 1866 under the name "Freedom Day" and then "Jubilee Day" referencing the Year of Jubilee from the Bible when, every seven years, slaves would be freed, but these were informal gatherings, not recognized by the state. 19 June 1865 was ruled as the date ending slavery in the state by the Texas Supreme Court in October 1868. This ruling was necessary because those who had purchased slaves or rented them from others and had not paid in full refused to pay any more as they no longer had use of those slaves.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:54 The History of Juneteenth3:58 Myth 1: General Order No. 3 Ended Slavery in the United States on 19 June 18655:38 Myth 2: It took over two years for the slaves in Texas to learn they were free 6:42 Myth 3: A messenger carrying news of the Emancipation Proclamation was killed en route to Texas7:49 Myth 4: Texas was the last slave-holding state in the United States8:13 Myth 5: President Lincoln issued General Order No. 38:53 Myth 6: General Order No. 3 was publicly read from Ashton Villa10:05 Myth 7: There were celebrations throughout Texas on 19 June 186511:02 Myth 8: Juneteenth is the oldest celebration of emancipation in the United States11:34 Myth 9: Everyone was always welcome at Juneteenth celebrations12:28 Myth 10: Juneteenth was first celebrated on June 19, 186613:58 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Ten Juneteenth Mythsworldhistory.org/article/2240/ten-juneteenth-mythsHistory of Juneteenthworldhistory.org/article/2239/history-of-juneteenthSlavery in Colonial Americaworldhistory.org/article/1739/slavery-in-colonial-americaAfrican Slave Life in Colonial British Americaworldhistory.org/article/1732/african-slave-life-in-colonial-british-americaVirginia Slave Laws and Development of Colonial American Slaveryworldhistory.org/article/1740/virginia-slave-laws-and-development-of-colonial-am— WATCH NEXT —The First Black Archaeologist: A Life of John Wesley Gilbert with John Leeyoutube.com/watch?v=-ZSZHzpaXog&tAncient Democracy: What is Democracy and Where Did it Start?youtube.com/watch?v=dd8Kb1jee0Q&tThe History of Philosophy: Origins of Ancient Philosophy Around the Globeyoutube.com/watch?v=IsdgFJBXb2wThe Fearsome Amazons of Greek Mythologyyoutube.com/watch?v=BYcCzgftNxY&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/ten-myths-about-juneteenth-images-and-attributions-17221The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#juneteenth #blackhistory #juneteenthcelebration
An Introduction to Ancient Roman Literature World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-13 | From its infancy, Roman literature borrowed heavily from the Greeks. However, they were able to shake the shackles and create a vibrant literature of their own; poetry, prose, and history. The Roman authors influenced countless others in the decades and centuries that followed – Dante, Shakespeare, Milton, and many more. One cannot enter either a library or bookstore without seeing Roman poetry and prose on the bookshelves; Cicero, Tacitus, Suetonius, as well as Virgil and Horace. Western literature owes a debt of gratitude to the Romans for what they have given the world.The Roman Empire and its predecessor the Roman Republic produced an abundance of celebrated literature; poetry, comedies, dramas, histories, and philosophical tracts; the Romans avoided tragedies. Much of it survives to this day. However, Roman Literature cannot stand alone. They owe a debt to their neighbor, the Greeks (more specifically Athens). Most educated Romans were well aware of their own literary inferiority, and because of this Roman writers could easily copy Greek classical themes, even going so far as to translate many of the notable Greek works into Latin. However, to many Romans, this exercise would have been needless, for a number of highly educated citizens could speak and read both Greek and Latin. Many young, upper-class Romans even continued their education in Athens. Although the link to Greek Hellenism would remain for years to come, the Romans would soon develop a rich literature of their own.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:51 Ancient Roman Literature2:12 The Early Age4:00 The Golden Age5:38 The Silver Age7:46 The Late Age9:30 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Literature worldhistory.org/Roman_LiteratureHoraceworldhistory.org/HoraceSeneca, worldhistory.org/SenecaCatullusworldhistory.org/CatullusSuetoniusworldhistory.org/SuetoniusSallustworldhistory.org/SallustPlautusworldhistory.org/PlautusOvidworldhistory.org/OvidPliny the Youngermember.worldhistory.org/Pliny_the_Younger— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPTen Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtube.com/watch?v=icGWztf5W0Q&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=13&tAncient Roman Society and Social Order youtube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=11&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/roman-literature-images-and-attributions-17155The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #ancientliterature
The Famous Baths of the Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-09 | Roman Baths were designed for bathing and relaxing and were a common feature of cities throughout the Roman empire. Baths included a wide diversity of rooms with different temperatures, as well as swimming pools and places to read, relax, and socialise. Roman baths, with their large covered spaces, were important drivers in architectural innovation, notably in the use of domes.Baths and the need to create large airy rooms with lofty ceilings brought the development of the architectural dome. The earliest surviving dome in Roman architecture is from the frigidarium of the Stabian Baths at Pompeii, which dates to the 2nd century BCE. The development of concrete in the form of stiff mortared rubble allowed unsupported walls to be built ever wider apart, as did hollow brick barrel vaults supported by buttress arches and the use of iron tie bars. These features would become widely used in other public buildings and especially in large constructions such as basilicae. Even in modern times Roman baths have continued to influence designers, for example, both the Chicago Railroad Station and the Pennsylvania Station in New York have perfectly copied the architecture of the great frigidarium of the Baths of Caracalla.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:56 The Roman Baths4:42 Elements of Roman Bathing Complexes6:10 Engineering and Architecture8:45 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman baths worldhistory.org/Roman_BathsThe Roman Baths in Bath- A Deep Dive into Britain’s Ancient Historyworldhistory.org/article/1427/the-roman-baths-in-bath--a-deep-dive-into-britainsRoman Architectureworldhistory.org/Roman_ArchitectureRoman Mosaicsworldhistory.org/article/498/roman-mosaicsRoman Daily Lifeworldhistory.org/article/637/roman-daily-life— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPTen Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know!youtube.com/watch?v=icGWztf5W0Q&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=13&tAncient Roman Society and Social Order youtube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=11&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-famous-baths-of-the-roman-empire-images-and-attributions-17107The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #romanbaths
The Year of the Four Emperors Explained World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-06 | During the Year of the Four Emperors (69 CE), the fight between Vitellius and Vespasian would ultimately bring about the demise of four legions, the XV Primigenia, I Germanica, IIII Macedonica, and XVI Gallia. All four of these legions had previously served the Roman Empire with distinction under such leaders as Pompey and Octavian but made what turned out to be the wrong choice in 69 CE. While there remains a question concerning the loyalty of XV Primigenia, three of the legions made the mistake of supporting Vitellius.Despite a somewhat inglorious ending, the legionaries exemplified what a good soldier should be and had previously served the empire well. However, during the Year of the Four Emperors, they made the ill-fated choice to support Vitellius against the other candidates for the Roman throne. Had Vitellius won, history would be praising them for their valor and fortitude. Unfortunately, they made a fatal mistake. All four, although Primigenia was reformed, met their demise and are relegated to the forgotten and dishonored legions of the Roman Empire.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:51 The Year of the Four Emperors2:07 Emperor 1 – Galba4:11 Emperor 2 – Otho5:04 Emperor 3 – Vitellius6:05 Emperor 4 – Vespasian7:28 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — The Year of the Four Emperors & the Demise of Four Roman Legionsworldhistory.org/article/1724/the-year-of-the-four-emperors--the-demise-of-fourGalba worldhistory.org/GalbaOtho worldhistory.org/OthoVitellius worldhistory.org/VitelliusVespasian worldhistory.org/Vespasian— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP The Ancient Roman Emperor Hadrian youtube.com/watch?v=hSnEqt9xkto&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=4&tHow the Ancient Roman Government Worked youtube.com/watch?v=hDHW9aj_8tg&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=3&tFemale Gladiators of the Ancient Roman Empire youtube.com/watch?v=qCYKUe5IDL4&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexTen Fun Facts About Ancient Rome that you Need to Know! youtube.com/watch?v=icGWztf5W0Q&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-year-of-the-four-emperors-explained-images-and-attributions-17010The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #romanemperor
How the Ancient Roman Government Worked World History Encyclopedia 2023-06-02 | Western Civilization is forever indebted to the people of ancient Greece and Rome. Among the numerous contributions these societies made are in the fields of art, literature and philosophy; however, perhaps their greatest gift to future generations was the modern perception of government. The contemporary idea of democracy, while borne out of the political struggles in the city of Athens, came to fruition in the Roman Republic, surviving, despite the constant interference of the emperor, through the Roman Empire. Although the present definition of democracy has changed considerably, one must still recognize its early evolution in that eternal city, Rome.The Roman government of the old Republic had created a unique system of the division of power which was a safeguard against oppression by any single individual. Power, for the most part, lay with a voting public. While not perfect by any definition of the word, it allowed some of the people to have a say in how their government operated. There were elected officials and a representative body. Of course, as long as there were games, festivals, and grain, the average Roman citizen was happy. Under the emperor, the government changed and the emperor became the ultimate decision maker, he had the last word. Considering the context of ancient times and contemporary forms of government, and taking into account its albeit limited representative elements, Rome must, nevertheless, remain an outstanding example of a successful ancient government.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:52 Foundation Myth & Early Government2:18 Government of the Roman Republic5:46 Government of the Roman Empire8:22 Legacy of Roman Government9:36 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Roman Governmentworldhistory.org/Roman_GovernmentRoman Lawworldhistory.org/Roman_LawConsulworldhistory.org/ConsulAedileworldhistory.org/AedilePraetorian Guardworldhistory.org/Praetorian_Guard— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAncient Roman Society and Social Orderyoutube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=5&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/how-the-ancient-roman-government-worked-images-and-attributions-16904The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#history #ancientrome #romanhistory #romangovernment
The Ancient Roman Emperor Hadrian World History Encyclopedia 2023-05-30 | Hadrian (l. 78-138 CE) was emperor of Rome (r. 117-138 CE) and is recognized as the third of the Five Good Emperors (Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius) who ruled justly. His reign marked the height of the Roman Empire, usually given as c. 117 CE, and provided a firm foundation for his successor.Of all his significant monuments and buildings, Hadrian's Wall in northern Britain is the most famous. Construction of the wall, known in antiquity as Vallum Hadriani, was begun around 122 CE and corresponded to Hadrian's visit to the province. It marked the northern boundary of the Roman Empire in Britain, but the length and breadth of the project (stretching, as it did, from coast to coast) suggests that the more important purpose of the wall was a show of Rome's power. Hadrian’s handling of the Bar-Kochba Revolt is the one dark stain on his otherwise admirable reign, but he made his choices based on traditional Roman policy in handling revolts: a harsh response followed by restoration. He may have taken his response as far as he did from personal outrage that anyone would have had a problem with his temple or any of his other decisions.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:56 Early Life of Hadrian3:28 Hadrian as the Emperor of Rome5:17 Hadrian's Wall6:26 Hadrian and Antinuous8:53 Jerusalem and Revolt10:34 Death and Legacy of Hadrian11:46 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Hadrianworldhistory.org/hadrianHadrian’s Travelsworldhistory.org/article/1892/hadrians-travelsHadrian’s Wallworldhistory.org/Hadrians_WallAntinousworldhistory.org/antinousVisitor’s Guide to the Monuments of Hadrian’s Villaworldhistory.org/article/1750/visitors-guide-to-the-monuments-of-hadrians-villa— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPFemale Gladiators of the Ancient Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=qCYKUe5IDL4&tThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAncient Roman Society and Social Orderyoutube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=5&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/the-ancient-roman-emperor-hadrian-images-and-ressources-16874The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#hadrian #ancientrome #romanhistory #hadrianswall
Female Gladiators of the Ancient Roman Empire World History Encyclopedia 2023-05-26 | Female gladiators in ancient Rome – referred to by modern-day scholars as gladiatrix – may have been uncommon but they did exist. Evidence suggests that a number of women participated in the public games of Rome even though this practice was often criticized by Roman writers and attempts were made to regulate it through legislation.Female gladiators are often referred to in ancient texts as ludia (female performers in a ludi, a festival or entertainment) or as mulieres (women) but not often as feminae (ladies) suggesting to some scholars that only lower-class women were drawn to the arena. There is a significant amount of evidence, however, that high-born women were as well. The term gladiatrix was never used in ancient times; it is a modern word first applied to female gladiators in the 1800's.— SUPPORT US VIA OUR PATREON—patreon.com/join/whencyclopedia— BUY OUR MERCH —https://www.worldhistory.store/— CHAPTERS —0:00 Introduction 0:50 Gladiators in Ancient Rome2:05 Types of Female Gladiators and Physical Evidence for Them3:24 Literary Evidence for Female Gladiators4:34 Roman Women’s Rights and Female Gladiators6:44 Why Women Chose to Be Gladiators7:53 Outro— WANT TO KNOW MORE? — Ten Ancient Rome Facts You Need To Know worldhistory.org/article/1507/ten-ancient-rome-facts-you-need-to-knowFemale Gladiators in Ancient Rome worldhistory.org/article/35/female-gladiators-in-ancient-romeThe Crisis of the Third Century worldhistory.org/Crisis_of_the_Third_CenturyEnemies of Rome in the 3rd Century worldhistory.org/article/1145/enemies-of-rome-in-the-3rd-century-ceRoman Empireworldhistory.org/Roman_Empire— WATCH NEXT —Ancient Rome Playlistyoutube.com/playlist?list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIPThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empireyoutube.com/watch?v=FtB0wxDKmbc&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=7&tPax Romana or the Roman Peace Explainedyoutube.com/watch?v=IyruglATn8o&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&indexAncient Roman Society and Social Orderyoutube.com/watch?v=rCC--cinutQ&list=PLRIPanKDxKpt23JtCUEa7Cw787eohdqIP&index=5&t— ATTRIBUTIONS —You can find all attribution and credits for images, animations, graphics and music here - worldhistory.typehut.com/female-gladiators-of-the-ancient-roman-empire-images-and-attributions-16826The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:ancientlyre.comopen.spotify.com/artist/7Dx2vFEg8DmOJ5YCRm4A5v?si=emacIH9CRieFNGXRUyJ9youtube.com/channel/UCJ1X6F7lGMEadnNETSzTv8AWorld History Encyclopediawww.worldhistory.org#gladiator #ancientrome #romanhistory
