What is an INDUCTION MOTOR (THREE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR) - RMF Rotating Magnetic Field JAES Company 2026-09-22 | What is an INDUCTION MOTOR (THREE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR) - RMF Rotating Magnetic Field
How scrap steel is used. Electric furnace - Pre-shredders JAES Company 2022-11-21 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/534-jzdTb3c• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
The difference between SENSORS and TRANSDUCERS and how they work JAES Company 2022-10-21 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/ZaaKcflcAqI• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyWe are surrounded by electronic devices of any kind, but have you ever wondered how they know exactly what they have to do and when they have to do it in order to work properly?From smartphones to refrigerators, from computers to entire power stations, in every field of electronics, what makes circuits work properly are Sensors, devices that acquire information from the outside world and transmit it to circuits in the form of electrical signals.In this video we will see how sensors and transducers work, devices used to translate physical quantities into easier information to read on displays, a fundamental requirement in any technological field.Sensors and transducers are able to acquire information from the outside, and they are commonly classified according to the type of physical quantity they measure, for example:- a microphone is a sound sensor- a thermocouple is a temperature sensor- a photodiode is an optical sensor- a pressure meter is a pressure sensorand etc.Physical quantities are all the properties of a phenomenon or a body that can be measured, and so can be expressed quantitatively by a number.Sensors and Transducers, after detecting the values of a physical quantity, transform its variations into electrical signals.So what is the difference between Sensors and Transducers?Sensors are divided into Active or Passive.Active Sensors are able to transform a physical quantity directly into an electrical signal without needing an external power supply.Passive sensors, on the other hand, do not produce an electrical signal that can be used immediately; instead, they must be accompanied by powered electronics that will produce the correct electrical signal. The union of these two components is the Transducer.These signals are then transmitted to a controller, which reads and interprets them.Standard electrical signals are a range of electric tension (typically 0 to 5 volts, or 0 to 10 volts), or electric current (usually 4 to 20 milliamps).Now, let’s see the various parameters that Sensors and Transducers can have.First of all is the one called 'transfer function':Sensors and Transducers have an input signal and an output signal. The output signal varies as the input signal changes and is related to it by a mathematical function called the 'transfer function'. The ' transfer function' can be linear, quadratic, cubic, exponential or logarithmic. The most commonly used transducers either have a linear transfer or are operated in the range where the transfer is more linear. Linearity is, in fact, another important parameter that measures the nonlinearity error of the transfer function.Another primary parameter is the Dynamic Range (also known as the functioning range). Which is the range of input values that the transducer or sensor can operate without damage.The maximum value of the dynamic range identifies the range of the transducer. Whereas the minimum value designates the Resolution.A good sensor or transducer has a low resolution (i.e. it can detect signals of small value) and a high range, so as to have a very large dynamic range.Another crucial property is Sensitivity:The sensitivity of the transducer, is the relation between the variation of the output magnitude, and that of the input which determined it.The instrument will be very sensitive when, for the same variation in the input variable, the variation in the output is very high. Frequency, on the other hand, is the time taken by the transducer to transform the variation of the input magnitude into the output signal. It is important to note that the smaller the size of a sensor, the faster its response tends to be.
VW3A7756 BRAKING RESISTOR Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334066&code=VW3A7756JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
VW3A7105 DYNAMIC BRAKE UNIT Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334430&code=VW3A7105JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
LC1F630F7 POWER CONTACTOR Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334422&code=LC1F630F7JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
33560 MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334428&code=33560JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
VW3A7101 BRAKING UNIT Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334429&code=VW3A7101JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
ATV930C31N4C AC DRIVE Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334434&code=ATV930C31N4CJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
ATV930D75N4 AC DRIVE Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334432&code=ATV930D75N4JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
ATV930C25N4C AC DRIVE Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334433&code=ATV930C25N4CJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
ATV930C11N4C AC DRIVE Schneider Electric in stock JAES Company 2022-09-30 | CONTACT US: sales@jaescompany.comProduct available: jaescompany.com/product.php?lang=en&productid=334431&code=ATV930C11N4CJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
What is steel? When was it discovered? What types of steel do exist? Which are its applications? JAES Company 2022-09-20 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/Be1X8CqFf5Q• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
What are FILTERS? How do they work? HEPA filter JAES Company 2022-08-12 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/osZIkX9o6Ww• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyFiltration is a physical process that separates solid material from a fluid that can be liquid or gaseous. This phenomenon occurs thanks to a filter medium hat has a complex structure through which only the fluid can pass.It is a very simple operation, but of fundamental importance in many areas.In nature, drinkable water is obtained by its extraction from very deep aquifers, because it has been purified by filtering naturally through hundreds of meters of soil.With over 10 years of experience in industrial supplies, Jaes’s offers every type of filter from the leading manufacturers.In the industrial field, the advantages of using filtration systems are numerous:In fact, filtration systems, if used at the beginning of any installation, can exploit natural fluids (such as water or air) by taking them directly from their most direct sources and filtering them from impurities (such as sand or particulate matter).Filters can also recycle production water by cleaning it and putting it back into circulation to avoid any waste. For example in the metallurgical industry, lubricants, coolants and liquids used in machine tools are filtered from processing waste to be reused several times.This also makes firms to save on maintenance costs, because each component after being filtered undergoes less wear of the parts, thus extending the life of the systems by safeguarding the components, avoiding or postponing the downtime for cleaning, and also improving the efficiency.There are several types of filters suitable for every situation, let's see how filtering occurs in a common air filter:For air filtering, HEPA filters (High Efficiency Particulate Air filters) are often used. This is a peculiar high efficiency filtration system that can block 99.995% of solid particles called “particulate” (which can for example be harmful for health if coming from an aeration plant, or adversely affect the quality of the final product in a natural gas treatment plant).The filter is composed of an aluminium or plastic structure that holds together multiple layers of microfiber filter sheets, these microfibers are randomly distributed in all directions creating a narrow winding path through which the air flow passes, causing 3 types of filtering.The first type of filtering is called Impaction; the larger particles are unable to avoid the microfibers and remain attached to them;The second filtering phase is called Interception and blocks the medium-sized particles; they follow the winding directions of the air flow entering the microfiber weave, until (due to their weight greater than the air), they are no longer able to perform its twisted path, bumping into some fibres to which they will remain attached.The third and last type is by Diffusion, which sets to capture particles smaller even than 0.3 μm in a HEPA filter.The particulate matter of this size is so small that it is affected by collisions with gas molecules, which is why it does not move in the directions of the flow, but follows a Brownian motion, that is, a random movement that inevitably leads it to collide with a microfiber.The complete efficiency of the filter is given by these three types of filtering, which is greater when the particles are either very large or very small.For this reason, when a filter is tested, medium-sized particles are used.If you think this video was useful to you, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our channel.We recommend that you visit our website jaescompany.com to find out about our upcoming projects.
Types of Compressors and how they work - Positive Displacement - Dynamic - Piston - Centrifugal JAES Company 2022-08-03 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/NyXcqQlhk-U• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyA compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gaseous fluid by reducing its volume, so that it can be transported through pipes.Considering that pumps are built to pressurize and transport liquid fluids (which by definition have such a low compressibility as to be considered incompressible), the compressor is instead designed to transport gaseous fluids, compressing them to increase their pressure and reduce their volume by several times.Compressors are used for many applications involving increasing the pressure or decreasing the volume of a gas.They are used for example in the transportation of natural gas in pipelines, in refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, to start pneumatic tools, to blow plastic bottles and containers, and even to increase the performance of internal combustion engines.For this reason, there is not a single type of compressor that works for all applications but there are several models which adapt to the context.We can immediately divide them into two broad categories, Positive displacementcompressors and Dynamic compressors:- Compression in Positive displacementcompressors is given by well-defined mechanical movements;- whereas compression in dynamic compressors is obtained by the pace given to the rotating parts.Among the Positive displacementcompressors there are:The piston compressor, which exploits the activity performed by an electric or thermal motor to increase the gas pressure.To be compressed, the gas is sucked into the cylinder by the piston through the intake valve, while the compressed gas is expelled from the exhaust valve. Usually the compressed gas is stored in a tank to diminish the pressure and flow fluctuations due to the reciprocating motion of the piston. Furthermore, having a tank means that the compressor doesn’t need to be running all the time.Moving on, we come to analyse what is called a rotary vane compressor. Here we have a very different type of product from the previously mentioned piston compressor. A circular rotor is equipped with vanes, which are pushed by springs to keep them constantly in contact with the walls of the circular cavity, against which they slide.However, the rotor is not centred on the cavity, thus creating variable volume chambers, (at its maximum on the suction side and at its minimum on the delivery side) thus obtaining gas compression.On the other hand, a lobe compressor has rotors with a characteristic shape of two or three lobes, which rotate synchronously and in the opposite directions, creating progressive chambers from the suction mouth to the delivery one.Being simple and with no rubbing parts, they are robust and long-lasting machines.They are often used in supercharged Otto cycle engines.Similarly to the previously mentioned model, in the rotary screw compressor two reverse pitch screws are connected to each other, so as to develop, through the core of the compressor, a cavity progressively moving from the intake to the exhaust area, decreasing the volume and thus compressing the gas.Among the dynamic compressors, on the other hand, there is the Centrifugal compressor.A centrifugal compressor is a turbomachine in which a bladed disc (called an impeller) is set to rotate at a very fast pace, thus generating and supplying energy to the gas which subsequently increases its pressure due to the centrifugal force.They are largely use to supercharge motors in the automotive industry. Finally, among the category of the dynamic compressors, we find the axial compressor. In an axial compressor a bladed rotor is followed by a bladed stator fixed to the frame. The coupling of a rotor and a stator is called a stage.The single stage of an axial compressor produces a very low pressure, but thanks to its axial configuration it becomes ideal for a multi-stage combination. This takes place when the outgoing flow from the stator is set to enter consequently into the next stage.The gas then flows parallel to the axis of rotation, and as it proceeds through the compressor it reduces in volume while the pressure increases.Compared to the centrifugal compressor, it manages higher flow rates but with a lower compression ratio.Their configuration makes them ideal for jet engines.
How is a LNG regasifier transported? How does it work? 4K video JAES Company 2022-06-29 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/dN6tgvqkN2Y• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyIn one of our previous videos we talked about natural gas. We went through all the detailed steps necessary for its extraction, the types of plant where it is used and we also had an overview of its peculiar features.As aforementioned, once the gas has been extracted it is refined and transported through gas or methane pipelines, into electrical systems and households.Anyway, how does the transport of the gas extracted from the field to its final user take place? In the best out of all circumstances, which implies being a Country lucky enough to be directly connected to supplier countries, such as most European countries (including Russia), it is usually transported by land with the help of methane pipelines. Indeed, the Countries that do not have these possibilities must purchase the product from other Nations that transport natural gas by sea.The transport of natural gas by sea is very delicate. Mind that we are talking about a product composed of 98% methane, which is highly flammable, and transporting it in large tanks installed on a ship can be particularly risky.This is why natural gas must be brought from its gaseous state to a liquid state. Liquefied natural gas, also called LNG, is not as flammable as in the gaseous state. Moreover, the volume of the gas is reduced by 600 times, increasing the average single-journey transport capacity of LNG carriers. LNG carriers are special ships built specifically for the transport of methane and flammable gases. Now let's focus on the natural gas distribution and treatment chain.After the extraction of the product, with the help of methane pipelines, the gas is transported to special plants which will proceed to liquefy it. The plants can usually be located near the coasts, in port areas, or in floating structures anchored to the seabed, which are called ‘off-shore’ plants.The process of bringing the gas to a liquid state starts with a treatment to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, then a pre-cooling phase is carried out followed by the extraction of any heavy component. At this point, the gas temperature drastically drops to -163 ° C, below the boiling temperature of methane, the main component of natural gas.Liquefied natural gas is injected through cryogenic tubes (located on loading docks) into tanks placed on LNG carriers. These particular ships can carry from 150 to 200 thousand cubic meters of methane, and they can be of two different types :- The first example is that of a ship with integrated tanks developed by Gaztransport & Technigaz. For this type there are 2 versions: the Technigaz model is supplied with tanks consisting of an elastic primary barrier, formed by a membrane with ribs made of steel plates. The arrangement of the plates forms two sets of ribs orthogonal to each other having the function of reducing thermal stresses. The secondary barrier is made with a composite material called "triplex" consisting of an aluminum sheet in a wafer of glass fiber fabric. The tank is fixed to the inner hull with a polyurethane foam reinforced with glass fibers. The typology developed by Gaztransport instead provides two barriers consisting of flat welded planking, made of a particular metal alloy of steel and nickel, called invar. Between the two barriers there are insulating panels and air chambers, into which liquid nitrogen is injected to maintain the cryogenic temperature of the natural gas. In this case the tank is held to the inner hull with balsa wood thermal insulation boxes filled with perlite.- The other example of a LNG ship with self-supporting tanks was developed by the Moss Rosenberg company. This firm faced the problem of resistance to the stresses induced by the weight of natural gas in the tank. To solve the issue, Moss Rosenberg designed LNG tankers with 4 or 6 spherical tanks. The spheres are insulated with a layer of insulating material, a gap filled with nitrogen is passed between them to increase the insulating capacity and keep the temperature of the tank low. Each sphere is supported by a cylindrical jacket which rests on the ship's hull; the latter is protected from any gas leaks with a secondary barrier placed at the base of the spheres.The LNG carrier transports its LNG cargo to the regasification plant; after having been anchored and having connected to the unloading arms of the port facilities...
How Chiller works - Refrigerant Fluid and Refrigeration Cycles JAES Company 2022-06-20 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/FD9TeXOpIc4• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyA chiller, also known as refrigeration unit, is a thermal machine which, by exploiting the compression and expansion of a refrigerating gaseous fluid, can remove the heat from a heat-carrying fluid, which is often water or air.A chiller is a large equipment enclosing several thermal machines one after the other, used to create (with a stream of refrigerant fluid) cycles called "refrigeration cycles". The enclosed machines are the following: the Compressor, the Condenser, the expansion valve, and the Evaporator.This refrigerant fluid is used to cool the heat-transfer fluid (usually water) which is used in industrial applications to reach and to maintain low temperatures in several processes; or even to regulate the internal temperature of large buildings.Step by step, let's now see how it works in this example of a building air conditioning system.Inside the chiller, the refrigerant fluid (which can be composed of ammonia or freon, and other halogenoalkanes also called chlorofluorocarbons), has certain physical characteristics that makes it to perform the refrigeration cycle.The compressor turns the refrigerant fluid into a gaseous state which increases not only its pressure, but also its temperature. To make this happen, the refrigerant gas passes through the condenser, a coil that makes the refrigerant to condense into a liquid state and lower its temperature.To dissipate the heat of the refrigerant fluid, the condenser needs air or water. Usually, air-cooled condensers are equipped with cooling fins on the coil, and fans that force the passage of the air (which are all part of the chiller). For this reason, the whole chiller must be installed on the outside to expel the heat into the atmosphere.Liquid-cooled condensers, on the other hand, are essentially heat exchangers that use a water circuit to extract heat from the refrigerant fluid. The water used to take out the heat then needs a remote component to cool at its rate, which is usually a forced circulation cooling tower with fans that suck in the air.The liquid refrigerant fluid now flows to the expansion valve, which decreases its pressure.This simple action involves significant changes in the coolant: as a matter of fact, by reducing the pressure it lowers the temperature and therefore its BOILING POINT.In this way the refrigerant can evaporate at lower temperatures.This is possible thanks to a thermodynamics phenomenon called JOULE-THOMSON EFFECT.These new characteristics enables the coolant to absorb the heat in the refrigerator achieving the required temperature by passing through the EVAPORATOR.The evaporator also functions as a heat exchanger using the refrigerant fluid to lower the temperature of a water circuit called the heat transfer fluid.Although maintaining its temperature, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat and consequently evaporates. It then returns to the compressor to close the refrigeration cycle and repeat it continuously. The heat transfer fluid circuit now uses a hydraulic pump to pump fresh water inside the building to the indoor units.In the indoor units, the water circulates through a series of coils, where the hot air of the building that passes through them is lowered in temperature and is then reintroduced into the room. The heat transfer fluid instead returns back to the chiller which dissipates the accumulated heat.If it is necessary to heat a building some chillers can operate in heating mode, this is called heat pump technology.As for industrial processes, the heat transfer fluid in this case is used to cool products or machinery by means of a remote heat exchanger.The heat transfer fluid therefore never comes into contact with the product or the cooling fluid of the machinery. However, as you can see, the two items always remain separate thanks to the heat exchanger, thus avoiding any contamination.The heat transfer fluid is then used also for cooling laser machines, to control the temperature of moving parts, machine tools, computers, and for chemical and food processes.If you find this video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our channel.We recommend that you visit our website jaescompany.com to find out about our upcoming projects.
JAES supports companies in the North African territory JAES Company 2022-06-01 | JAES has embarked on a great journey in the beautiful Algerian territory, to support leading companies in the production of steel and firms pertaining to the energy sector, (for instance working with natural gas) with the aim of assisting them in choosing the most suitable spare parts for their production plants. JAES is proud to be part of these new developmental projects in the North African industrial sector. For this reason, we feel a duty to thank the Algerian government for the fantastic support. Moreover, we want to highlight the amazing work of the Italian embassy, which regularly carries out a great job of intermediation for the Italian entrepreneurs and companies accompanying us in this journey of 800 km for which we were also provided a truly excellent escort service.
How Reduction Drive and Gearmotors work - Gearboxes - Gear trains JAES Company 2022-05-18 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/UX_OyQjie-w• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyA gear train is a succession of gear wheels meshed together in such a way that the rotation of one causes the rotation of the others. The transmission of kinetic energy from an engine of any type to a user element is based on this simple mechanism, which is therefore utilised in several machineries. In this video, we are firstly going to point out the principles of gear trains. Consequently, we will explore how they apply to Reduction Drives and how these ones are related to gearmotors.Being committed for over 10 years in the industrial supplies sector, Jaes currently offers every type of Reduction Drive and Gearmotor made by whichever major manufacturer. You can easily find these items in its catalogue. Gear trains are a succession of gear wheels meshed together, in which the rotation of one wheel causes the rotation of the others.Let's take as an example the simplest possible model, which are Gear trains with two gears, one of 0.3 meters radius with 30 tines and one of 0.6 meters radius with 60 tines. The number of tines in a gear is proportional to the diameter of its pitch circle; the primitive circumferences of a pair of gear wheels are therefore tangent to each other and form a line of contact during meshing. The gear transmitting the motion is called drive gear, while the gear receiving the motion is called driven gear.Now let's assume that the smaller gear is plugged to an electric motor (therefore being a driving force). As you can see it rotates clockwise, and the larger gear connected to it will take on a counter-clockwise rotation.It can also be noted that the speed of rotation of the driven gear is different. It is slower, not so much due to the size of the gears, rather because of the ratio between their diameters and, as a consequence, among the quantity of tines. This particular ratio is called ‘gear ratio’.Calculating it is very simple: you should just take the diameter of the driven gear and divide it by that of the drive gear. You can also perform the same calculation with the radiuses or the number of tines of the gears. In this case, the gear ratio is "2" that is 2 to 1 (2: 1), which means that the drive gear has to complete a lap twice to allow the driven gear to perform a complete revolution. For this reason, we could say that we are dealing with an example of a Reduction Drive.Indeed, the rotation speed of the two shafts is inversely proportional to the number of tines of the two gears. In point of fact, if we want to derive the gear ratio from the pace, we must invert the mathematical ratio. That is, we must consider the speed of the drive gear and divide it by that of the driven gear.Therefore, if the gear ratio is greater than 1, it can be defined as ‘Reductant’ and, consequently, the whole gear would be called ‘Reduction Drive’.Moreover, in case the driven gear rotates at the same speed as the drive gear (therefore proceeding at a ratio equal to 1), the gear ratio is defined as ‘Impartial’. To conclude, if the gear ratio is smaller than 1, the whole mechanism is defined as a ‘Multiplying Drive’ with a ‘Multiplying’ ratio.In mechanics, the use of Reduction Drives is much more frequent than the use of Multiplying Drives, since motors are built to maintain a high rotation pace. Now let's try to calculate the speed of the driven gear, knowing that the drive gear has a speed of 50 revolutions per second given by the electric motor; through simple maths we can then perform this equation:Speed of the drive gear x number of the Drive gear tines = speed of the driven gear x number of the driven gear tinesAs a result, we have that the pace of the driven gear has been reduced to 25 revolutions per second. However, the true interesting feature of the Reduction Drives is the mechanical advantage they produce. Indeed, although the pace decreases, the torque increases proportionally. In fact, consider an engine performing 50 revolutions per second has a torque of 5 newton meters (5 Nm). With this reductant ratio halved, it would perform 25 revolutions per second and 10 newton meters (10 Nm) of torque at the driven gear.Basically, halving the ratio, you can do heavier jobs at a slower speed.
How is natural gas extracted? Derrick tower - methane JAES Company 2022-04-21 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/xXfc4coeLGI• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyOur Earth disposes of several fossil fuels such as oil, the most common resource used for transportation, or coal, which is mostly used in the industrial sector. However, there is another type of fuel which we use on a daily basis to produce energy in power plants or even to heat up our own houses: we are talking about Natural Gas! Fossilised natural gas can be found in deposits and it is produced from the anaerobic decomposition of organic material. It is mostly composed of methane, the smallest out of all hydrocarbon molecules. However, it can contain also ethane, propane and butane, as well as small quantities of pentane. There are many gas fields and they are present almost all over the globe. The largest supplier is the Country of Russia, with a staggering yearly production of 624,61 Gm3 of natural gas. According to a 2010 estimate, its reserves will last at least for another 74 years. In second place, we find Iran and Qatar, with a yearly production that ranges between 120 and 150 Gm3. Anyway, how is natural gas extracted? Most of the times natural gas is located in presence of a coal filed. This happens because over the years the decomposition of organic material caused the formation of layers of peat in river and torrential areas. Coal, and natural gas were generated through the fossilization of the peat layers. Before starting with the extraction, it is necessary to carry out inspections on the territory in order to: determine the size of the field, the amount of gas present and the feasibility of the process of extraction. Geologists and geophysicists carry out tests on the reservoir site to digitally recreate the subsoil in 3D using a technique called Seismic Reflection: a sort of scan of the soil. This technique consists of firing seismic waves which, reflecting on the underlying clayey layers, are able to graphically reproduce the subsoil, highlighting potential natural gas deposits. After this initial procedure, we continue by drilling an exploration well, to make sure that the gas in present in this area. Subsequently, other types of wells are drilled, called delimitation wells. These have the function to delimit, both vertically and horizontally, the effective extent of the gas field, in order to have a precise assessment of the amount of gas. This is to ensure a fair economic return to the company that invests in a particular field. Once the quantity of gas that the field contains have been verified, we move on to the next step, which consists in drawing up a Development Plan. The development plan will decide: how many extraction wells have to be drilled on the site, in which position, with which trajectory, the type of well (vertical, horizontal or deviated), as well as the position and number of structures necessary for the management and transport of the extracted gas. The type of the structure built to extract the gas can vary depending on the location of the field: hen the reservoir is close enough to the earth's surface, the construction of the site and the gas extraction are easier. However, sometimes the deposit may be located under the seabed. In this case, the preparation of the site is more complex. It is necessary to build a platform in the middle of the sea, an ‘Off-shore’ platform, from which all drilling and extraction operations can be managed. Whether on land or at sea, the drilling procedure is very similar; let’s now examine the structures and steps necessary for the extraction of natural gas. To drill the soil, we use a special tool which resembles a rotary chisel. This chisel is composed of 3 conical heads made out of a very hard material, able to crush and shatter the soil. The chisel is attached to some 12-15 meters long rods, which are inserted as the excavation progresses. This machine is held together by a hook with steel wires connected to a system of pulleys that enables the drilling device to raise and lower. To give energy to all the instrumentation, we use an engine connected to a winch. The engine will also make the Rotary Table to start rotating and therefore, to drill . The rods brought down through the drilling are hollow and inside them flows a special mud that, in addition to lubricating the chisel, brings up the debris left by the crushing process.... Visit your website for complete text.
Actuators for hydraulic valves - Lever - Handwheel - Electric - Solenoid - Pneumatic - Hydraulic JAES Company 2022-03-29 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/ufzUuEjOY7o• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyIn this video we will explain the operation of the most famous types of Actuators for Hydraulic Valves and in the videos of this playlist you will see in detail each of their variants.The most common actuators are: the Manual, Electric, Pneumatic and Hydraulic ones. Let's see them in detail.Manual actuators use human energy as a source of energy, as they are controlled by an operator, who manually intervenes on the shutter through a lever or handwheel actuator.The Lever actuator is the simplest model; connected directly to the stem, it is usually used for fast-Rotary motion valves, where with a quarter-turn (90 °) it opens or closes the disc; it is therefore mainly used in ball, plug, and butterfly valves.The Handwheel actuator, on the other hand, can be connected to a threaded stem, or to a Gear train, these allow several turns of the handwheel to open and close the disc; for this reason it is usually used for linear motion valves, in situations where the flow rate must be adjusted, and where more clamping force is required; it is therefore mainly used in globe and gate valves.Moving on to Electric actuators, we enter that category which uses electricity as an energy source.The Electric actuator usually uses a reversible Electric motor, so that, by reversing the power supply, it can reverse its rotation and thus determine the direction of rotation of the shutter. It is almost always connected to a speed reducer which increases the torque.Limit switches are arranged to automatically stop the motor when the valve is fully open or closed.The control signal is always of the electrical type but with low energy. It is usually given by a PLC, which receives status signals from the actuator. Modern actuators can also include integrated PLCs.Sometimes a second handwheel type actuator is added to this system, so that the valve can be operated even in the event of a power failure.Among the actuators that use electricity as a source of energy, we also have the electromechanical solenoid actuator.The solenoid valve has a coil which, if energised by electric current, forms an electromagnetic field that attracts a plunger to itself, and consequently the disc connected to it. It exists the single solenoid valve, that is, with a solenoid and a spring, which can be:- normally open if it is opened by the pressure of the spring and closed by energizing the solenoid;- or normally closed if it is closed by the pressure of the spring and opened by energizing the solenoid.- Otherwise it exists in the double solenoid version, that is, equipped with two solenoids, each with its own power supply, in which the piston moves from one energized solenoid to the other.The next step is the pneumatic actuators, which are usually controlled by solenoid actuators.Pneumatic actuators as a source of energy use compressed air.In fact, through the air pressure, an actuator such as a piston or a diaphragm acts on the disc.- in the single-acting version there is direct action, that is when the air pressure closes the valve and the spring opens it;- and reverse action, when the air pressure opens the valve and the spring closes it.- Or there is the double-acting version in which there are two air inlets to open or close the valve.The pneumatic actuators allow, (by increasing the size of the piston or diaphragm) to increase the air inlet force; and are generally cheaper than other types of actuators even if they require a compressed air system.Similar to pneumatic actuators are the hydraulic actuators. They work on the same principle, but use a pressurized hydraulic fluid, usually oil, as an energy source.The hydraulic actuator usually uses a hydraulic cylinder which can be single acting (with a return spring) but also double acting, (with two fluid inlets on the sides of the cylinder) where a piston moves according to any difference in force between the two sides. Solenoid actuators are usually used for fluid control.Since liquids are nearly impossible to compress, a hydraulic actuator can perform great force.
How does a foundry work - Zanardi Fonderie - part 3 JAES Company 2022-03-07 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/lKN9F5oUt8A• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThis last episode of the series focuses on the operations carried out on freshly cast iron castings, such as deburring. Deburring is the mechanical operation, which can be carriedout both manually and mechanically, through which the “burrs” present on the workpiece are removed. Before carrying out the deburring operations, all the cast iron castings exiting the foundry line undergo an initial quality check which includes a visualinspection and a hardness check. Once checked, the workpieces are divided into lots, collected within specific bins for internal handling and suitably identified with a code useful to perform all the subsequent phases. Painting is another operation that is carried out at the Zanardi Fonderie production plant. The painting of a cast iron object may be required both for an aesthetic factor and to protect its surface from possible damage related to the external environment, such as rust. There are several ways to paint, Zanardi Fonderie use the immersion in water-based paint technique.Zanardi Fonderie is equipped with an automatic painting line. The operators place the individual objects to be painted on poles hooked to a mobile chain. These first go througha tunnel where they are washed to remove impurities. Then they go through the painting booth where, by means of 2 lowerators, the workpieces are completely immersed in the tank; they are then manually finished where necessary. Then they go through 2 ventilated furnaces for the reticulation of the paint and then be unloaded by the operators. Even after deburring and painting, the raw cast is not usually ready to be used by the customer. Workpiece mechanical and finishing processes are carried out with different machinery according to the type of operation required. Very often this phase is not carried out within a foundry but subcontracted to external mechanical workshops; instead, Zanardi Fonderie has developed its own mechanical workshop within the company, with 5-axes lathes for complex mechanical processing such as turning, toothing and drilling. Let us now continue our journey inside the Zanardi Fonderie production plant. A further and important process present within Zanardi Fonderie is the austempering heat treatment. The austempering heat treatment is usually carried out by companies specialised in heat treatments and not by foundries which subcontract this process. Instead, Zanardi Fonderie has been carrying out this process internally since the beginning of the new millennium, both for its own castings but also for the castings of other foundries. Being a foundry with in-house heat treatment makes it unique as a company in this sector.This treatment makes it possible to give the spheroidal graphite iron mechanical properties comparable or superior to those of quenched and tempered steel, maintaining the typical lightness of ductile iron and its natural capacity to adapt to the manufacture of complex moulds. The material obtained after the heat treatment is called Austempered Ductile Iron, also known as ADI. To obtain a casting in ADI, it is necessary to treat the spheroidal graphite iron casting suitably enriched by alloying elements such as copper, nickeland molybdenum.Let us now see how the Austempering cycle takes place:The operators load the treatment baskets with the cast iron castings which initially undergo a pre-heating in a specific furnace placed in front of the austempering furnace. The basket reaches the uniform temperature of about 600°C, it is then picked up by an automatic conveyor and transferred first into the vestibule and then into the intermediate washing chamber, where all the oxygen and salt vapours are eliminated; then the basket with the workpieces moves to the austenisation chamber, where the heating phase takes place, reaching an optimal temperature for thediffusion of carbon in the austenite, typically between 800°C and 900°C, everything takes place in a controlled ENDOGAS atmosphere, composed of hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and a compound of carbon dioxide, methane and water. At the end of this phase, the material passes from a generally pearlitic matrix to a completely austenitic one rich in carbon. Once austenisation is complete, the basket moves back to the intermediate washing chamber, without coming into contact with the external environment, then returns...
How does a Thermocouple work? - Seebeck effect - Various types of thermocouples JAES Company 2022-02-07 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/AugWbxY5oZY• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe thermocouple is a very simple and cheap instrument, which can measuredifferent degrees of temperature; thanksto its simplicity it is used in many industrial sectors. The basic principle that uses the thermocouple for its operation was discovered by the physicist Thomas Johann Seebeckin 1822. Hediscovered that in a closed circuit composed oftwo conductors of different nature and subjected to a temperature gradient,apotential differenceis established , that is proportional to the temperature differences.In this video we will discover how a Thermocouple works, its characteristics and all its variants.Jaes, leader in the spare parts industry for over 10 years, offers in its catalog every type of thermocouple from the leadingmanufacturers.This is a Thermocouple. It is a probe made up of 2 different metal wires, welded at one end, this part, called HOT JUNCTION, will be positioned in the space tobe measured. On the other end, we find the COLD FUNCTION, from here the2 metal connections, generally made by copper, will then be connectedto a measuring instrument to detect the temperature perceived by the probe.But how does a Thermocouple work?Imagine holding a copperbar with your hand fromone end, while the opposite side is exposed to a source of heat, a flame for example. The heat will begin to spread along the entire length of the bar until it reaches our hand. This is because the heat excites the molecules and atoms present in the copper bar, which in turn will makefree electrons to move easily reaching the cooler part and heating it. This happens because there is a TEMPERATURE GRADIENT, that isa difference in temperature from one point to another, in our case from the hottest to the coldest point of the copper bar. If we look closely at the images we will notice that the colder part now has more negative charged electrons, while the hot part deprived of its electrons will be positively charged, thanks to this difference we can measure the electric potential present in the copper bar, obtaining one specific voltage. Now let's grab our Thermocouple and remember that to measure the temperature we need a potential difference. If the Thermocouple wasmade up of 2 equal metal wires, the heat will arrangein the same wayalong the wiresand there would be the same number of electrons. By measuring the voltage, the result will be 0, sincethere is no potential difference in a circuit consisting of 2 equal metal wires.In fact, Thermocouples are composed of 2 wires of different metals, for example copper and iron, which conduct heat and free electrons in a different way, thus creating a potential difference. This difference isonly generated when the thermocouple circuit is closed, 2 copper wires, called compensated cables, are connactedto the respective cold junctions on one side and to a multimeter on the otherone, it is possible to convert the potential difference into temperature.For an accurate measurement, the cold junction must be in an environment with a known temperature, to compare it to that of the hot junction; ideally in the laboratory the cold junction was immersedinside a liquid solution of water and ice, therefore at a constant temperature of 0 ° C, but since this solution isn’tvery practical, scientistshave found a way around thanks to technology.Inside the multimeter, asensor is installed to detect the cold junction temperature; The cold junction is extended, thanks to the extendedcables, inside the multimeter nextto the temperature sensor. The purposeof the sensor is to detect the cold junction temperature andtocompensate the automatic cold junction temperature. To put it in other words,it processes a conversion to ensure that the cold junction is always at 0 ° C(or 32 degrees Fahrenheit), as in the laboratory.The equalization takes place thanks to a specific algorithm designed for this situation; the processor of the instrument measures the electrical voltage of the joints and itadds it upto the temperature of the cold junction, in this way we obtain a number expressed in millivolts (mV) which is laterconverted by the device itself into degrees Celsius, thus...
How does a foundry work - Zanardi Fonderie - part 2 JAES Company 2022-01-21 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/DRCQJBAwxQc• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyOur journey through Zanardi Fonderie’s production plant continues and in this video we will observe the ancient melting and casting process of the cast iron jets, a process which is still evolving today.In our previous video, we started with the design offices all the way to the coupling of the two green sand half moulds, ready to host the liquid cast iron. Today we will discover the process of melting and casting of the cast iron. Zanardi Fonderie plant has 3 electric induction melting furnaces operating at mains frequency with a capacity of about 28 tons and an installed power of 3,300 KW each. The ovens are loaded by vibrating loading platforms located in the rear part, while the liquid basic pig iron is poured from the front part of the oven which had been previously tipped.The filling materials used to realise the liquid-based cast iron bath(I don’t think it’s the correct definition) are mostly:- Pig iron- Steel scraps- Scraps of previous castingsAll these materials are stored in different compartments found in the raw material park and are transported to the loading wagons by an electromagnet equipped with a load cell semi-automatically maneuvered by the operator. In order to achieve a suitable chemical composition of the base cast iron, in addition to the three materials mentioned above, graphite, silicon carbide, silicon iron, copper, manganese iron, molybdenum iron can be loaded manually by foundry operators (Cure Oven Operators) ; this activity is necessary to get closer to the final cast iron composition.During the preparation phase of the base cast iron which precedes the pouring phase from the treatment ladle (or transport phase and within which the spheroidization reaction will take place), it is best practice to take samples from the bath to carry out the thermal analysis and obtain the samples for the chemical analysis, in order to monitor the conditions and the composition of the bath, if necessary, make corrections to reach the required target. The temperature in the oven is also monitored by an immersion thermocouple probe. The temperature must be constantly monitored, since after pouring the molten metal into the treatment ladle it will decrease during the transport phase (which includes spheroidization reaction, further ladle slag and pouring) from the ovens to the casting line. As anticipated, to transport the liquid cast iron, from the melting furnaces to the casting line, a ladle is used. It has a capacity of 3,000 kg, inside which the spheroidization reaction takes place by adding suitable ferroalloys (Fe-Si- Mg iron-silicon-magnesium, Ni-Mg nickel-magnesium). The ladle, maneuvered by a crane, before hosting the liquid base cast iron, passes through a loading station where spheroidizing alloys and corrective materials for the composition are introduced (for example correction ferroalloys such as Fe-Si Ferro- Silicon, pure metals such as Cu Copper and Ni Nickel); this is necessary to reach the optimal conditions to obtain the spheroidization reaction and the chemical composition of the final cast iron. During the pouring, the (very violent) spheroidization reaction begins inside the treatment ladle, which enables the formation and growth of graphite particles in a spheroidal shape rather than lamellar shape when solidifying.Before pouring the liquid cast iron from the treatment ladle to the casting one, it is necessary to carry out a second ladle slag removal since the spheroidization reaction produces a certain quantity of waste.To produce graphite cast iron, it is necessary to implement various strategies intended to inhibit the formation of cementite in each area of the casting to be produced. A very effective but complex intervention consists in intervening on the chemical composition using elements called "graphitizing" such as silicon. Another type of intervention on the nucleation mechanisms, more effective even if delicate, consists of introducing heterogeneous preferential nucleation sites of graphite into the liquid cast iron. This is the process known by the name of inoculation which enables to eliminate the formation of cementite in thin areas of the cast iron and to control and make the type and distribution of the graphite particles homogeneous within the casting and therefore its mechanical characteristics.During the ...VISIT YOUR WEB SITE!
History of Bearings JAES Company 2022-01-20 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/2I14onnE6g8• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyBearings are mechanical tools that have the ability to reduce or eliminate friction between two or more elements in rotary or linear motion between them.In this video we will see the history of bearings, and in the videos of this playlist you will see each kind of bearing.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sector for more than 10 years, has become the reference partner for some of the most important engineering companies by providing them with every kind of bearing.The first intuitions on bearings were elaborated by Leonardo da Vinci, before they became the subject of studies, insights, evolutions and patents up to the currently known form.But, the first patent was filed in 1794 by Philip Vaughan, a Welsh blacksmith very observant of technological innovations, who made a significant contribution to the design of the first prototypes of ball bearings.A second patent was filed in 1869 by Jules Suriray, a Parisian bicycle mechanic. The invention was immediately applied in the cycling sector, for important races such as the Paris-Rouen, the first road cycling race, held on August 3, 1869.Ball bearings spread more and more since they could be used in different fields but, being difficult to produce, they could not be manufactured in large quantities. It was the German Friedrich Fischer who revolutionised the market thanks to the creation of a machine for grinding balls, starting the process of industrialisation of rolling bearings.Finally, Henry Timken and Sven Gustaf Wingqvist revolutionised the market, founding real industrial giants capable of producing bearings in large quantities and carrying out R&D operations that led to the current composition and versatility of this mechanical component frequently used nowadays.Do you know how the bearing works and how it is lubricated? Find out in the next video.If you think this video was useful, let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it and don’t forget to subscribe to our channel. We suggest visiting our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
Double-row Angular Contact Ball Bearings JAES Company 2022-01-18 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/ltvencTtA2g• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyBearings are mechanisms used to reduce the friction between two objects in rotary or linear motion with each other.In this video we will see the operation of double row angular contact ball bearings, and in the videos of this playlist you will see all kinds of bearings.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sectorfor more than 10 years, has become thereference partner for some of the mostimportant engineering companies byproviding them with every kind of bearing.Ball bearings are among the most widely used and well-known.As we have seen in our previous video, single-row angular contact ball bearings support combined loads, that is, they support loads in the radial directions well, but they support axial loads in one direction only, therefore they are very often used in pairs and mounted in front of each other.However, this solution can be cumbersome, which is why the double row angular contact ball bearings were conceived.This kind basically consists of a coupling of two single row Oblique ball, but their inner and outer rings are fused together.This guarantees greater solidity, and they can support radial and axial loads on their own that act in both directions.Thanks to these features this kind of bearings are often used in combination with others of different kind to give better axial support, this is why they are used in pumps, electric motors, compressors and in all industrial applications in which the shaft is subjected to combined loads.Do you know why Single direction thrust bearings were invented? Find out in the next video.If you think this video was useful, let us know by leaving a like and a comment.You can also share it and don’t forget to subscribe to our channel.We suggest visiting our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
Single-row Angular Contact Ball Bearings JAES Company 2021-12-23 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/C05ad-hMNI0• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyBearings are mechanisms used to reduce the friction between two objects in rotary or linear motion with each other.In this video we will see the operation of single-row angular contact ball bearings, and in the videos of this playlist you will see all kinds of bearings.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sectorfor more than 10 years, has become thereference partner for some of the mostimportant engineering companies byproviding them with every kind of bearing.Ball bearings are among the most widely used and well-known.As we have seen in our previous videos, radial single and double row ball bearings and the self-adjusting ball bearings support radial loads especially well.However, there are many cases in which there also is a significant axial load; therefore the single row angular contact ball bearings were conceived.This kind has the tracks of the rings tilted towards the axial direction; thus, the contact angle between the ball and the tracks is inclined; it is thanks to this shape that they can withstand combined loads, simultaneously in the radial and axial direction.The more the contact angle increases, the more they can support axial loads well.Single row angular contact ball bearings support axial loads in one direction only, which is why they are very often used in pairs and mounted in front of each other so that together they can support greater radial load and axial loads in both directions.Thanks to these features, this kind of bearings are used in industrial pumps, electric motors, in the motor industry and in all industrial applications where the shaft is subjected to combined loads.Do you know why double-row angular contact ball were invented? Find out in the next video.If you think this video was useful, let us know by leaving a like and a comment.You can also share it and don’t forget to subscribe to our channel.We suggest visiting our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
Self-Aligning Ball Bearing JAES Company 2021-12-16 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/SA_u5gCXi9I• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe bearing is a mechanism, used to reduce the friction between two rotating or linear moving objects.In this video, we will show you how the Self-Aligning Ball Bearing works,and inside this playlists, you can find any variety of bearing.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sector for more than 10 years, has become the reference partner for some of the most important engineering companies by providing them with every kind of bearing.Ball BEARING are amongst the most used and most popular.As we saw in our previous video, the double-row Radial Ball BEARING support very high radial loads, with a compact solution, but they require a high precision in alignment.However, in many cases an angular misalignment of the shaft, relative to the housing, is planned; for this reason, the Self-Aligning Ball Bearings have been developed. In this type, the inner ring has two side-by-side tracks, while the exterior ring has a single hemispherical track, a system that allows the axes of the two rings to be tilted during the operation.This type of bearing is ideal for low or medium-high radial loads and reduced axial loads, but thanks to the excellent compensation for the misalignments, they are used in agricultural machinery, motors and adaptors, in the oil sector and in all industrial applications where a misalignment or a shaft deflection is designed.Do you know why the Single-row Angular Contact Ball Bearing was created? Find out in the next video. If this video was useful to you, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment, you can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our channel.We recommend you to visit our website jaescompany.com to find out about our upcoming projects.
Double-row Radial Ball Bearing JAES Company 2021-12-14 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/_PVPMldmXYg• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyBearings are a mechanism used to reduce the friction between two objects in rotary or linear motion with each other.In this video we will see the operation of the double row radial ball bearing, and in the videos of this playlist you can see the other kinds of bearing.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sectorfor more than 10 years, has become thereference partner for some of the mostimportant engineering companies byproviding them with every kind of bearing.Ball bearings are among the most widely used and well known.As we have seen in our previous video, the single row radial ones can withstand radial loads well and light axial loads in both directions.But to withstand very high radial loads, double row radial ball bearings have been developed.Their design includes two rows of spheres arranged in two side-by-side grooves; even though they are wider than a single row ball bearing, they are still a more compact and reliable solution compared to using two single row bearings side by side, but they require greater precision in alignment.This kind of bearings, thanks to the considerable radial load capacity, are employed in agricultural machinery, metalworking, gearboxes, and all heavy industrial applications in which classical single row radial bearings would not be enough.Do you know why the self-aligning ball bearing was invented? Find out in the next video.If you think this video was useful, let us knowby leaving a like and a comment. You can alsoshare it and don’t forget to subscribe to ourchannel. We suggest visiting our websitejaescompany.com to find out more about ournext projects.
Single-row Radial Ball Bearing - Shallow groove and Deep groove - Maximum capacity JAES Company 2021-12-10 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/eFUyUI5vuS4• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe bearing is a mechanism used to minimize the friction between two rotating or linear moving objects.In this video, we will show you how the single-row Radial Ball bearing works, and inside this playlists, you can find any variety of bearing.Jaes, leader in the industrial supplies sector for more than 10 years, has become the reference partner for some of the most important engineering companies by providing them with every kind of bearing.Ball bearings are amongst the most used and most popular.The radial ones commonly have a single-raw ball.Although they are designed for carrying radial loads, thanks to the roller’s ball shape and to the deep grooves, they also support very light axial loads in both directions.To support a bigger radial load it is possible to use the so-called “maximum capacity bearings” which are equipped with a bigger amount of rolling elements; In order to put more balls inside the bearing, the grooves have to be shallow, and sometimes they need a filling slot: these features can reduce the axial load of the bearing.This kind of bearing also has the quality of sustaining very high-speed rotation, that’s why we can find them inside electric motors, gearboxes, and many other industrial applications that need an excellent shaft rotation.Do you know why the double-row Radial ball bearing was created? Discover it in the next videoIf you think this video was useful, let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it and don’t forget to subscribe to our channel. We suggest visiting our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
All kinds of pumps JAES Company 2021-11-26 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/QS5VYTBxo-U• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyHave you ever wondered how many types of pumps exist and what are their features?Pumps are operating machines formoving liquids or gases, thanks to some mechanical partsthat are powered by rotary or alternative rectilinear motion. Nowadays they are widely used in different industry fields, but they already exist since the IIIcentury B.C., thanks to Archimedes, who invented thefamous Archimedes' screw, which was able to move big quantities of fluid and it’s still used for the water’s purification.Jaes, leader in the industrial spare parts supply for more than 10 years offers in itscatalogue any kind of pumpfrom the leading manufacturers.Pumps can be classified in many ways, but usually, they are divided in:•Fluid dynamic or hydraulic:When a hydraulic pump operates, it creates a vacuum at the pump inlet, which forces liquid from the reservoir into the inlet line to the pump and by mechanical action delivers this liquid to the pump outlet and forces it into the hydraulic system •Infusion:the liquid is pumped through for a variation inthechambervolume.The first type needs to beconsistentlyfueled with energy to be operated, in order to increasethe fluid’s speed inside the pump to higher levels compared to theoutlet.Fluid-dynamicpumps can be classified in: •Centrifugal pumps:they arethe most common typeamong fluid-dynamic pumps. This kind of pump uses the centrifugal forceof the rotor to movethe liquid, by transforming the mechanical energy coming from its motor into kinetic energy and later into pressure energy.They are employedfor both industry and domestic useand they can be classified in two typesbasingon their construction: with acantilever impeller and with the double support impellerCentrifugal pumps,depending on the drive shaft’s arrangement that moves the impeller, are distinguished in horizontal axis pumps and vertical axis pumps. Also, they are classified basingon the direction of the flow: radialif the outlet is orthogonal to the suction or axialif the outlet and the suction are on the same axis. Centrifugal pumps are also classified bythe number of rotors they have. Theycan besingle-stageor multistagepumps.According to the fuel they are using, they are distinguished in electricpumps, if they require electric energy to work, or motor pumps, if they’re fueled by petrol.•Turbopumps:designedto increasethe pressure ofa liquid or a gas, in order to improvethe power or the performancesof a motor through a sort of rotodynamic pump combined with a triggering turbine. Almost all of them are builtfollowing an axial or centrifugal design.Volumetric pumps, instead, add energy periodically. They exploit the change of the volume in a chamberto cause a suction or a push on the fluid.They can be classified in: •Rotary pumps:they are volumetric pumps made of a chamberthat contains gears, lobes, vanes, or similar elements, guided by a rotating shaft, which characterize the most common type: lobe pumps, vanepumps, gear pumps, screw pumps.•Alternative pumps:in this kind of pump the change of volume is obtained with an alternating sliding piston inside a cylinder that forces the fluid to slide in one directiononlyand that prevent thebackflow during the return of the pistonThey can be divided in single-acting pumps,if the piston slides in one direction, or double-acting pumps, if the piston slidesin both directions.Alternative volumetric pumps can also be divided into:•Suctionpumps: where the piston produces a vacuum that makes the liquid to lift along a tube. The fluid is then expelled from the pump atambient pressureconditions.•Forcepumps: the fluid enters thecylinder at ambient pressure and it’s lifted for the effect of the pressure•Suction and force pumps which integrate both functions We have analyzed all kinds of pumps on the market, their characteristics, and where they need to be used.Did you already know them? Let us know in the comments.If youthink this video was useful to you, let us know it by leaving a like and a comment, you can also share it, and don’t forget to subscribe to our channelWe suggest that you visit our website jaescompany.comto find out moreabout our next projects.
How does a foundry work - Zanardi Fonderie - part 1 JAES Company 2021-11-12 | We entered with our cameras in the factories of Zanardi Fonderie, a leading company for the production of cast iron castings. In collaboration with Zanardi Fonderie we will explain how a foundry works, specifically we will explain its processes and how this company has been able to innovate such an ancient process.If you are interested in the world of industry, subscribe to our channel and stay up to date on our projects.Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/4Kfxw8aBpPk• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany
How does a DCS work - Distributed Control System - PLC JAES Company 2021-11-05 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/NtR7Y_7bPAI• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyOver the years, industry as a wholehas undergone countless changes, especially when it comes to the technologies that are used. Automation is one of them, in fact, it has improved production and security processes. In this video we will talk about DCS. What are they and how are they used? The DCS is a system that coordinates and managesan entire plant with many different processes. Stated in this way, someone could ask what is the difference between the DCS and the PLC, which is already used in many sectors. The PLC, unlike the DCS, isgreat to manage single processes, usually employedfor repetitive controls; they are used for single batchprocessingor high-speed processes. They are very simpleand cheap to build, besides, with their design they can be configured and customized according to users’ needs easily. The operations speed managed bythe PLC is almost always very fast, an operator monitors the process through a SCADA screen.A DCS instead is used for continuous and complex controls, they have a control display that is very similar to the SCADA’s, and this is the heart of the system. Moreover, a DCS possesses a default number of functions that can be customized. The procession times are slower than the PLC’s ones and the operator interacts with the control system through a display. The proper scenery for a DCS is certainly a big plant or factory, with many processes and applications. For smallplants, the PLC usage is more preferable.Now let’s focus on the DCS and its components 1.Let’s imagine a level-basedsystem, as a hierarchical pyramid. Aclassical plant starts with a control center, commonly called an operator station; Fora DCS the operator stations are the heart of the system. Here is where the operator can observe all the operations that the plant performs, he can view warningsand alerts, he can monitor the production, and more.2.In the next level we findservers, storage computers, and design stations. The two parts usually communicate through an ethernet line. The servers store the processorsdata and they are responsible for the communication between the computers of the control center and the plant processors. Storagecomputers are used to store historical plant data, such as projects and technical specifications. The design stations are used to create the projects on which the processes are performed, such as the hardware configurations and graphics that the operator will see on the display; this is the station that will uploadthe projects to the various processors of the system.3. Next,we find the level of supervision and command; here an operator, through a man-machine interface, has the control and supervision of the area. Generally, this level is composed of a SCADA which transmits to the operator a series of process information coming from the area. 4. At the next level are the controllers and PLCs, which supervise and operate the individual processes. The controllers are also responsible for sending the data to the servers, which in turn will provide the images to the displays in the control center for monitoring.5. The next level is that of implementation, also called field. The communication between the processors and the components is very variable, it depends on the type of object that is performingthe operation. The components on this level are devices such as transmitters, switches, valves, motors and they communicate withthe highest level through electrical signals, emitted by the various devices in use. Let's try now to make a practical example:-Let’s see an example ofa gas flow control valvein the 5th level, which is the field. -In the 4th level, the oneof the controllers, there’s a flowmeter, which acquires the data and send them to the operator.-In the 3rdlevel, the operator decides to regulate the flow rate, therefore he issues the command trough the interface-The 2nd level stores the data for similar future operations, later variousalgorithms can be created in order to identify this kind of operation.-In the 1st level the operator of the control center monitors the process and its execution.DCScan definitely takeautomation technologyto the next level with less margin oferror and with more efficiency.
How Mechanical Seals Work - stuffing box - packing JAES Company 2021-10-27 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/Ieb3cEIbGr8• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe mechanical seal is a device that is capable of isolating two environments, where between the two is found a component (like a shaft) with a circular or axial motion.Jaes, for over a decade has been providing its customers with the best solution for their supply chain and in its catalogue catalog every kind of mechanical seal from the leading manufacturersMechanical seals are used in almost every hydraulic machinery, to understand their operation we will take as an example a classic centrifugal pump, in which a shaft connects the motor to the impeller. The mechanical seal is placed on the backplate in order to contain the fluids that are inside the pump, which otherwise would draw from the space between the backplate and the shaft, helped also from the internal pressure. In this case, the backplate acts as a stationary housing, while the shaft is the rotating part; the mechanical seal will have to be able to hold the pressure during the pumping and to resist the friction caused by the shaft rotation.One of the old methods to guarantee the sealing that is still widely used, is to employ some stuffing boxes, a system that can keep tight around the shaft, a material similar to the packing (a twisted wires rope).However, this method has some relevant flaws, in fact in order to work properly, it has to be pressed against the shaft. This method implies several problems: a huge wear of the packing, its periodical maintenance, the necessity to use great quantities of water to cool it down because, while making friction, its temperature, the consumption of the parts in contact with it and even the wasted energy from the motor to win the friction force, they all increase That’s why mechanical seals are replacing old methods day by day, since they are designed more and more, which are projected to remedy these disadvantages.The most common mechanical seal has three sealing points.The stationary part is fixed to the backplate of the pump with a sealing gasket between them. The rotating part is, instead, fixed to the shaft with a seal between them as well, in this way the rotating part rotates is integral with the shaft. One of the two parts(in this case the rotating part) possesses one moving element that is firmly fixed and pushed from a spring; this one presses against the permanent part creating the last sealing point.This moving element follows the shaft movements caused by the bearing “game”, the misalignments caused by the production tolerances, and from the thermal expansions during the functioning.The seal between the rotating and the stationary part is the element that the mechanical seals have in common. As you can guess the two parts are in contact with each other, and the rotating one frictions on the other during the rotation. For this reason the faces of the two parts that are in contact are made of flat surfaces worked with extreme precision and smoothness. Besides, the pressure inside the pump, combined with the centrifugal effect obtained from the rotating part rotation, cause a fluid film to be created between the faces in contact, made from the same fluid pumped from the system, that while lubricates them also prevents direct contact. This lubricant foil can also be introduced from an external source. In this way, the mechanical seals can isolate the internal pump room from the external environment, despite the presence of the rotating shaft. If you are interested in discovering the many types of mechanical seals, watch the videos in our playlist.If you’ve found this video useful, let us know that by leaving a like and a comment, you can also share it, and don’t forget to subscribe to our channel.We suggest that you visit our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
How a PLUG VALVE Works - Hydraulic valves - 2-way plug valve JAES Company 2021-10-05 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/Ba1iKHtSS2s• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyValves are shut-off or regulating equipment placed along the path of a fluid stream.They can either enable or interrupt the fluid to flow, regulate the range or pressure rate and their body has inlet and outlet ports. Inside them there is a moving element for flow regulation or interruption. In this video, we will show you how the Plug valve works. Watch also the other videos on our playlist to find out all the other types of valves we use every.Jaes, for over 10 years has been providing its customers with industrial spare parts and in their catalogue you can find every type of valve from the leading manufacturers.Ancient civilizations became prosperous thanks to their ability to manage water resources.During the Roman age, the realization of aqueducts and the development of metallurgy led to an increase in the use of valves and taps in water networks. As a result, water waste dropped dramatically. Romans used cylinder plug valves, rarely conical, whose body and plug were made through casting.The plug valve is a rotary motion valve, operating the same way as the ball valve, although the plug can be cylindrical or conical.Let’s now see how a conical plug valve is made:- Externally, on the valve’s body, it has 2 housings at both ends to be screwed to the pipes. -Inside the valve's body we can find the shutter, which can be compared to some conical corks that can block the passage of the flow- On the top of the shutter (typically attached to the end with larger diameter) we can see the stem to which the actuator is connected to.The operation of the plug valve is very simple, but let’s analyze it in detail.The most common plug valve model is the 2-port valve with two positions: it stays open to make a fluid to flow and closed to stop the flow. To go from open to close position the shutter rotates by 90 °. For this reason, this type of plug valve is also called quarter-turn valve.However, there are several models of plug valves, in fact, its shape makes it possible to have more than two ports.As we can see, this 3-way model is provided with a shutter that can stay in 4 different positions. Let’s say that the entrance of the fluid is just on one of the ports, we can:- split the fluid to get out from the other 2 ways-we can close the entrance by interrupting the fluid completely -or we could interrupt one exit or the other one A multiport plug valve has the great advantage to make the flow splitting into as many ports as the valve has.Let’s now look at how a real 2-way plug valve for heavy duties is composed. We can see that it is equipped with a control interface and the actuator is made of an electric motor and a handle. It also owns a gear train connected to the stem. Inside we can notice how the cylindrical plug rotates by 90° to interrupt the flow, but in order to be rotated so little, it needs many engine rpm or handle spins which will then be reduced by the gear train.In this way, we can apply more strength to the shutter and have more accurate control of the flow range at the same time. Do you know how many types of valves we use every day? Don’t miss the videos of our playlist, you will find out all kinds of valves that surround us.If you’ve found this video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel. Find out more about next projects by visiting our website: jaescompany.com.
THREE-PHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR or INDUCTION MOTOR - disassembly and working principle JAES Company 2021-09-24 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/i1gOM3csS58• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe three-phased asynchronous motor or induction motor is an electric motor driven by an alternating current where the angular velocity of the rotor is lower than the rotation speed of the magnetic field created from the stator’s winding.The three-phased asynchronous motors are considered the most reliable electrical machines, since they can work for many years, with very little need for maintenance. Jaes, for over a decade, has been providing its customer with the best solution for their supply chain and in their catalogue you can find any type of asynchronous motor from the leading manufacturers. Let’s now disassemble a real motor to see how it’s composed: its external surface is finned, and there is a cooling fan directly connected to the crankshaft. The fan (thanks to the shape of its cover) makes the air flow into the fins, in order to dissipate more easily the heat that the motor develops during its functioning. In the upper part, there’s the terminal box, where the clamps are located and to which the power cables will be connected. The latter can be connected in a three-phase electric-powered star or delta system according to the necessities.By removing the end shields, the crankshaft and the rotor can be extracted from the external casing.In the stator (which generates the rotating magnetic field) are placed the brass coils, which are separated from each other by the ducts of ferromagnetic material; several plastic elements electrically isolate the reels in order to avoid short circuits. Inside the rotor (in which the rotating magnetic field is induced) we can clearly distinguish the almost horizontal lines, which are created from the squirrel cage, and the vertical ones that are made by foil layers. Finally, we find the bearings, which by holding on the crankshaft and on the end shields, make the rotor to stay perfectly at the center of the stator winding and to rotate with minimal friction.Stator and rotor are separated from each other just by tenths of a millimeter so that the forces of attraction can be as effective as possible. The electricity is induced on the rotor thanks to electromagnetic induction, and not from a direct electrical connection. That’s why this motor is also called “ induction motor”.Besides, the rotor is never going to reach the speed of the magnetic field, but instead, it’s going to rotate with a specific speed which must be inferior to the synchronous velocity; This explains why it’s also called the asynchronous motor. If you are interested to see these motors’ internal functioning mechanisms in detail and to discover how you can use them in the industry field, you can watch the video in our playlist “What is an induction motor and how it works”If you think this video was useful, let us know your opinion by leaving us a like and a comment. You can also share the video and subscribe to our channel.We suggest that you take a look at our website jaescompany.com in order to find out more about our next projects.
How does a solenoid valve work? solenoid actuator - hydraulic valves JAES Company 2021-09-15 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/3166qUF8Prc• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyValves are shut-offor regulating equipmentplaced alongthe path of a fluid stream. They can either letor interrupt a fluid toflow, regulate the flow rate orthe currentpressure; they are equipped also with actuators,a mechanism which control the movableelementfor regulating or interrupting the flow.The solenoid valve is a type of valve equipped with an electromechanical actuator, usually a solenoid. In this video we will show you how the solenoid actuatorworks, its advantages, and we will analyze the inside ofa real solenoid valve.Watch alsoallthe other videos on our playlist tofind out all the other types of valves we use every day.JAES, for over a decade has been providing its customer with the best solutions for their supply chain and in their catalogue you can find any kind of valve from the leading manufacturers.Valveswithsolenoid actuatorscan have the most varied shapes, but theyaregenerally composedof the classic valve body in the lower part, and a block which contains the solenoid in the upper part. Together they form a solenoid valve. Solenoid valves are used when it is necessary to control a valve remotely,thereforewithout a human operator, but by means of automated systems such as PLC.When the current flowsinside the solenoid coil, itformsan electromagnetic field: in this way, the valve can be operated.If the valve is of the "normally closed" type, the electromagnetic field attracts the plunger and consequently the disk to itself, lettingthe flow to passthrough. On the other hand,if the valve is "normally open", the current flows in the opposite direction, reversing the direction of the electromagnetic field, which now repels the plunger and the disk, and interruptsthe passage ofthe flow which is normally free to flow.When the current is interrupted, a spring makesthe piston to return to its original position. Let's now examinea real solenoid valve with a “normally closed” solenoid actuator.As we can see in the lower part islocated the valve body, uponwhich the arrow indicating the flow direction in order to carry out a correct assemblyis placed.The flow that enters from the entry hole, flows towards the upper part of the body, passes through a filter thatblocksimpurities, finally itgoes down inside the sealing seat and continues towards the outlet hole. In the upper part liesthe casing,whichcloses the solenoidhermetically; it is equipped with electrical connectors and a printed circuit board for the electriccurrentmanagement.If the solenoidis separatedfrom the valve body, we can see the plunger;it is equipped with two gaskets to make itslide overthe armature; the stem and disk are connected to it.The pressure of the fluid in the inlet chamber and aspring keep the disk pressed on its seat (closing the passage of the fluid); when the solenoid coil is energized, the whole "plunger, rod and disk" group moves upwards, overcoming the force of the spring and the pressure of the fluid. The flow can slidefrom the upper part of the valve body, towards the lower part and continue towards the outlet hole.If the coil supply is interrupted, the valve closes, and interruptsthe passage of fluid. Compared to manually actuated valves, solenoid valves have the advantage of being extremely precise, instantaneously operated, and they workautomatically. In fact, they are used in all possible applications, in order to make operations more efficient in all aspects. Do you know how many types of valves we use daily? Watch the videos of our playlist, you will discover all the types of valves that surround us. If you findthis video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel. Find out more about our next projects by visiting our website: jaescompany.com.
How does a HEAT EXCHANGER work? Plate - Shell and tube - Radiator JAES Company 2021-09-01 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/uwB3bLQY-B4• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyEven if it doesn't seem like it, several of the objects we have in the house are at the theoretical level of heat exchangers; they allow the exchange of thermal energy between two fluids (which can be liquid or gaseous) without these coming into contact with each other. In this video we will see how a heat exchanger works. Jaes, leader in industrial spare parts for over 10 years, has become the trusted partner for all those companies that need heat exchange systems, and offers in its catalog every type of heat exchanger from the major manufacturers. We have news of the first heat exchangers already in the Roman period. In the Roman baths, the combustion fumes of a brazier were used to heat the hot water baths, which heated stone slabs; subsequently water was passed over the slabs, allowing heat exchange.But the first real heat exchangers were made in the Middle Ages; for the distillation of alcoholic beverages, coils were used and still are used for the condensation of the distillate. They are shell and tube heat exchangers. To better understand the operation of the heat exchanger, let's take a common plate exchanger and observe it inside: the plate heat exchanger consists of a sequence of plates machined in order to increase the contact surface with the fluids. Each plate has four holes (two feed holes and two drain holes); between each pair there is a gasket which guarantees the hydraulic seal towards the outside and around the passage holes, in this way a passage chamber for the fluid is formed. These gaskets, according to their design, slide between two plates; or the hot fluid; or the cold fluid; in this way, by alternating a hot chamber with a cold chamber for the entire heat exchanger, the heat exchange between the two liquids is optimized. It is also important that the fluids flow in opposite directions, in fact, as we can see, the gasket that allows the passage of the cold fluid, passes the flow from the lower supply hole to the upper drain hole and completely plugs the holes of the hot fluid. While the gasket that allows the passage of the hot fluid, passes the flow from the upper feed hole to the lower drain hole and completely plugs the cold fluid holes.This "counter-current exchange" helps the circulation of fluids, improving the efficiency of the heat exchanger, because the cold fluid will decrease its density and will tend to rise, while the hot fluid will increase its density and will tend to go down. Plate heat exchangers are very used on district heating systems. A large power plant produces high-temperature steam, which is subsequently sent to the homes with delivery and return pipes. Here, the heat exchangers act as an interface between the steam from the distribution network and the water from the home heating system. The entire city of New York is heated in this way, but also many other large cities. Therefore, for their heat exchange capabilities, heat exchangers have the most varied forms and uses. Let's see various examples. As we have seen in our video on the operation of a thermoelectric power plant, the whole principle of operation is based on heat exchange. The water tube boiler, for example, is a type of tubular exchanger as are the condensers and the Deaerator thermal. Even the cooling towers are large heat exchangers, which transfer the excess temperature of the liquid directly into the gas of the earth's atmosphere. It is very interesting to note that man-made machines use various types of energy to do a job; the more efficient the machine, the more the energy used is transformed into work. The energy that has not been transformed is not lost in thin air, but is transformed into heat inside the machine, which is finally expelled into the environment. As we have seen in our video on machines this feature is very evident, in fact only about 30% of the exploded fuel is transformed into movement; all the rest is energy in the form of heat. To be efficiently dissipated into the atmosphere, the radiator, a finned pack heat exchanger, is used.Have you ever wondered how the refrigerator works? Refrigerators and freezers use the “refrigeration cycle” by means of 2 heat exchangers (an evaporator inside, and a condenser outside). Watch our video on how ultra freezers work!
How an Integrated Circuit is made JAES Company 2021-08-09 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/DpqZdCnpwOI• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyIf we open our computers, our smartphones or any other electronic device, we’ll certainly notice that there are always one or more electronic cards. In these cards, we can find small black parallelepipeds, called integrated circuits.In this video we will see how integrated circuits are made and why they are the basis of all electrical devices.Jaes, for over a decade has been providing its customer with the best solutions for their supply chain and in their catalogue you can find any kind of circuit boards, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and DCS (Distributed Control System) for industrial control systems.The integrated circuit is an essential part of computing systems. The external layer is made of package, a plastic material which isolates the internal components while leaves some pins uncovered on the outside.These pins connect the integrated circuit to the printed circuit board trough the so called wire bonding technique: some wires, made of gold, aluminum or brass and whose diameter only extent to microns, connect the pins to the DIE, a small semiconducting plate, usually made of silicon upon which the integrated circuit board is realized. The latter can be made up of millions of basic electronic components such as transistors, diodes, capacitors and resistors.The DIE is realized thanks to a process called miniaturization: it makes it to be more reliable, to have better performances and finally, smaller dimensions.The term integrated refers precisely to the presence of a high concentration of basic electronic components in a small area, whose job is to process the incoming signal.The scale integration of an integrated circuit gives an indication of its complexity, roughly measuring how many transistors are contained inside a circuit.The process of making the DIE is very complex: it is made of Silicon which is the second most abundant element of the earth's crust after oxygen. It is easily found in the sand, but, since it must always be melted to other materials in order to become a semiconductor, several processes are required to obtain these chemical properties. Firstly, thanks to sophisticated technologies, it goes through a purification process that creates thin sheets of pure silicon called wafers.The next step, called Lithography, the silicon disk is coated with a photosensitive material to expose the various wafers to ultraviolet rays. The exposure is obtained by using a mask on which the design of the microcircuit is printed; a lens concentrates the drawing in order to make it smaller; this process is repeated many times, creating several layers.After this step, the areas that have been exposed become soluble and are removed from the wafers. In this way the whole intricate circuit can appear.After that, atoms of different elements are added into the exposed parts. This operation is called Doping.In this way, thanks to the presence of impurities in its crystal lattice, silicon becomes a semiconductor.Subsequently, the material obtained is washed, a protective layer is placed above and finally, a copper coat that fills all the spaces left is applied, making the DIE smooth.The investments necessary to buy the machines which build these circuits are very expensive but, thanks to the great number of units manufactured and the creation of economies of scale, the cost of one unit is drastically decreased over time, making this technology available for almost every computing system.Microprocessor technology is currently the most popular technique for the construction of the CPU and GPU and is used for almost every modern computer.If you want to know how the CPU works, watch our previous video.If you’ve found this video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment, you can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our channel.Visit our website jaescompany.com to find out more about our next projects.
How the CPU works - Mosfet transistors JAES Company 2021-07-23 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/RjHoSgWY3EA• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanySilicon is the second most common element on Earth, followed by oxygen; it can be easily found on the sand, but as we’ve learned in our previous videos it is also used for its conducting properties. In fact, it is the main element of photovoltaic cells, diodes, thyristors and transistors; the latter in particular (in the mosfet version) is the primary component for the realization of the central processing unit, which we all know as the CPU.In this video we will explain how a CPU is made, how it works and why it is the basis of every digital electronic device.Let's start with the infinitely small.By using sophisticated technologies, silicon is purified and molded into thin layers called wafers, after which atoms of different elements are added. This operation is called doping.In this way, thanks to the impurities found in the crystal lattice, silicon becomes a semiconductor.Silicon belongs to the 14th group of the periodic table and every atom has four valence electrons, forming a very regular crystal lattice. If dopant atoms from elements of the 13th group with three valence electrons are added, such as boron or gallium, a we obtain a P-type semiconductor and we create a hole in the structure. On the other hand, if elements of the 15th group like phosphorus or arsenic are added, which have five valence electrons, an N-type semiconductor is created and there will be a free electron in the crystal lattice.A Mosfet transistor is composed of:- a doped silicon wafer as shown, with one P-type and two N-type semiconductor parts;- a layer of silicon oxide which acts as an insulator;- and a conductive layer of polycrystalline siliconEvery transistor has three terminals:- the central one is connected to the polycrystalline silicon and is called "gate"- while the other two are connected to the two parts of N-type wafers, and are called source and drainThe contact area between a P-type semiconductor with an N-type semiconductor is called the “depletion region”.Within this zone, free electrons from the N layer will fill the holes in the P layer, creating an area where there are no free electrons or holes.When a situation of equilibrium is reached, the depletion zone of the N side becomes positively charged and the zone of the P side becomes negatively charged. Thanks to this reaction, an electric field created, which serves as a barrier to prevent further electrons exchange, and acts like an insulator.In fact, if we add an electric charge to the two external terminals, electricity cannot flow.However, if we add an electric charge to the gate, we form an electric field, which attracts the free electrons of the P-type layer.In this way, a new N-type area is formed nearby the gate which serves as a communication between source and drain so that the electric current can flow.Mosfet transistor can therefore control the current flow and then switch on and off.This simple operation is the basis of all technology, where every switch on or off is interpreted as 0 or 1. To put it in other words, it is the binary code of our computer systems.In fact, each cpu has billions of transistors organized in different ways, so as to form the most varied logic gates.Logic gates placed in succession can solve the most difficult computational problems.Moreover, every second the transistors turn on and off at tremendous speed, measured in gigahertz (GHz), that is, billions of times per second. This speed is called the clock, and the higher it is, the more powerful is the cpu, at the expense of temperatures.Now, processed data can transit through the motherboard to the various components of the PC such as: graphics card, solid state memory, USB controller, power management circuits, wireless card, etc...Thanks to the advancement of technology, all these devices are now based on a single silicon chip thanks to the System-on-a-Chip (SoC), a system installed on an integrated circuit in which a single chip combines, in addition to the central processor, also high chipsets and controllers such as the one for RAM and GPU memory.In this way, less energy is used, less physical space is needed and devices have better performances and reliability.
How a CHECK VALVE works - hydraulic valve - clapet - ball - butterfly JAES Company 2021-06-28 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/ngKdqR4C3rc• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyValves are shut-off or regulating equipment placed along the path of a fluid stream.In this video we will show you how a check valve works. Watch alsothe other videos on our playlist tofind out all the other types of valves we use every day.JAES, for over a decade has been providing its customer with the best solutions for their supply chain and in their catalogue you can find any kind of valve from the leading manufacturers.The check valve, also callednon-return valve is a one-way valve, where fluids flow in one direction only. For instance, in the hydraulic field they are installed on the circulation pump pipesand on the autoclave, since they nullifythe water hammereffect; a phenomena which we’ve explained on our last video.This valve is composedofan element bound by a guide which is pushed againstthe base of the valveby a spring.When the fluid flows andthere is enoughpressure, the valve will open lettingthe fluid to passthrough; on the other hand, if there isn’tenough pressure or if the fluid is flowing from the opposite side, the valve staysclosed; this iswhy it is also known asnon-return valve, because it doesn’t letthe fluid to flow back. There are several types of check valves, let’s see themin detail:1-Swing check valves, consisting of a flat disk; they are mostlyused in inner tubes, in which they inflatethe tire without letting the aircomingout from inside.2-Ball check valve, which consists of a small metal ball, also calleddrive sphere, which is located inside a cylindrical well, and a spring thatcounteracts the movement of the sphere.The well is blockedat the top by a ring nut of smaller diameter than the sphere, wherethe latter can leanwithout getting out.3-Butterfly check valve with counterweight, which has a flat disk sectioned in the center and a spring that closesthe valve. Its movement resembles the butterfly's wings.The main advantage of the check valve is the absence of backflow and water hammer, which could damage the pipes.However,this valve also has some disadvantages, such as Leakage, whena large amount of grime is placed between thebase of the valve and its disk, so that the valve can’t close properly. Another disadvantage is the locking, whena bad sliding of the guide doesn’t let the plateto close completely, and most of the times the cause is due to theoxidation of the components. Check valves are part of Safety Valves category, because theyincrease the safety level of a thermo-hydraulic system. For example,non-return butterfly valves are safety valves used in water pumping systems.There are many applications for this type of valve; it is used in industrial processes for fluids management, such as in power plants, nuclear plants for waste lines, make-up water, while in the aerospace field they are used in propulsion systems for fuel pipes. They are often used when different types of gases have to be mixed. The return valves are placedon both ends of the pipes in orderto prevent the mixing of gas inthe original source.For example, if a fuel and an oxidizer have to be mixed, check valves will normally be placedon both the fuel and the oxidizerendsto ensure that the original gas cylinders remain pure and therefore non-flammable.The efficiency of a non-return valve is also affected by the wear of its components, such as the closing spring which tends to wear out easily, which is why the valve must be inspected constantly to prevent the fluid from flowing tothe opposite direction.In this video we have seen how a check valve works but do you know how many types of valves we use daily? Watch the videos of our playlist, you will discover all the types of valves that surround us. If you found this video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment. You can also share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel. Find outmore aboutour next projects by visiting our website: jaescompany.com.
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What is a SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR and how does it work? - Rotating magnetic field - Synchronism speed JAES Company 2021-06-10 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/5fN_oYEiE_s• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompany00:00 - Intro00:21 - Jaes00:35 - Synchronous Motor01:11 - Synchronism speed01:48 - Problems02:22 - Squirrel Cage02:58 - Alternator03:33 - Inverter04:08 - Conclusions The synchronous motor is an electric motor whose rotation speed is synchronized with the electric frequency of the alternating current and it is used in different fields where high precision is necessary.In this video we will explain how this type of engine works. JAES, for over a decade has been providing its customer with the best solutions for their supply chain and in their catalogue you can find any kind of synchronous motors from the leading manufacturers.Let's see how a synchronous motor is made.The coils of the stator, that is the stationary part, are powered by a three-phase electric power of alternating current. In this way they produce a rotating magnetic field that rotates at a fixed speed related to the power frequency.On the other hand, the coils of the rotor (the rotating part) are powered by direct current, hence producing magnetic fields of alternating polarity, like magnets, that’s why the rotor can also be made with permanent magnets.The opposite poles of stator and rotor attract each other in such a way that the magnetic field of the stator rotates and attracts the rotor, forcing it to rotate at the same speed; this is a peculiarity of synchronous motors , they operate at synchronous speed: a constant speed given by the electrical frequency of the alternating current and by the number of pairs of rotor poles.Motors with more coils in the rotor and stator have lower speeds but develop more mechanical torque.These features make the engines unable to the to accelerate or decelerate.Moreover, it is unable to withstand significant motor loads, in fact if the engine is in motion and it is accelerated or braked by external forces, the two magnetic fields fall out of synchronization, causing the rotor to stop.If, instead, the rotor is stationary, the rotating magnetic field won’t start the rotor because the attractive and repulsive electric fields alternate too quickly. In order to overcome these problems and improve the motor, a squirrel cage was introduced above the rotor coils.During the starting phase, the rotor coils are not energised, therefore the rotating magnetic field induces electricity into the squirrel cage bars as in an induction motor. Once the synchronous speed is reached, the rotor coils are energized and start working again as a synchronous motor.If you are interested in learning about how the induction motor works, watch our previous video.Another characteristic of the synchronous motor is that it has the same constructive characteristics of an alternator, for this reason it is used by electric and hybrid cars (usually in the configuration with permanent magnets) so that it can function both as a motor to give power to the driving wheels, and as an alternator in the regenerative braking phase, to recover the kinetic energy and transform it back into electrical energy to be stored in the battery.Watch our electric car and hybrid car videos to see how the synchronous motor is used.In the last few years, thanks to the improvement of electronics, starting an electric cars is massively simpler; in fact, components such as inverters, can modify both the frequency and the power supply voltage.As a result, starting from zero frequency and increasing it gradually, it is possible to accelerate the engine from a standstill, thanks to electronic speed control systems.Follow our lessons on electronics to learn about, inverters, transistors, and all types of electric motors that we use every day.If you found this video useful, let us know by leaving a like and a comment, also you can share it, and don't forget to subscribe to our channel.We suggest you to visit our website jaescompany.com to know our next projects.
How does a hybrid car work? Mild hybrid - Full hybrid - Plugin hybrid JAES Company 2021-06-03 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/kM3xn0Xx13Q• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyThe automotive industry is constantly evolving, from electric vehicles to the most futuristic hydrogen cars; a sector which is trying to lead mobility into a fossil free world without oil for instance.Guiding an entire society into a sustainable mobility is very difficult, but hybrids are coming to help us doing so. These vehicles combine the best technology from endothermic engines and electric motorization.In this video we will explain how hybrid cars are classified and how they work.Jaes, which for over a decade has been in the industrial supplies business has become a reference partner of the major companies in the automotive industry.A hybrid car is a vehicle which has two propulsion systems:- an endothermic engine, which can be powered by diesel or petrol- and a high energy-efficient electric engine.There are many kinds of hybrid cars but, before understanding how they work, let’s see the main types: - Firstly we find Mild hybrid, known also as PHEV, it seems a normal combustion engine car, but owns a small electric engine that supports the thermic one in several tasks, such as standing starts for example, or with low gears.- Next we find Full hybrid, which combines the engine power together with the electric one, with this type of car it is possible to travel fully electric, but considering its not so capacious battery just few kilometres can be covered without using the combustion engine.- Next we have Full hybrid cars, which combines the thermic engine power with the electric one; with this type of car it is possible to travel in fully electric mode, but considering the small capacity of the battery just a few kilometres can be covered without using the combustion engine. - Finally we find Plug-In hybrid, the most common and promising technology; it has the same characteristics of the Full hybrid version, but the size and capability of battery is much bigger, allowing the car to travel fully electric for even 50/70 kilometres. Moreover the batteries can be charged externally with a special power cable.Beyond these macro categories, we may add another classification, which analyses the hybrid platforms, or better said, how the different propulsion systems interact within each other.- Firstly there are Parallel Hybrids, in which both conventional and electric motors give traction to the driving wheels at the same time or by taking turns, they are connected within each other by a special transmission (gearbox) that makes them interact (efficiently) in the best way possible.- There are also Serial Hybrids; this special platform works differently from the previous examples: The electric motor provides motion to the wheels, while the small petrol engine gives energy to the electric one, through a generator.Now that we have seen the different Hybrid cars typologies, let’s see how these particular vehicles work, taking into consideration the latest generation of Plug-In Hybrids.As we’ve seen before, hybrid cars are made of two propulsion systems, an endothermic engine and an electric one, that, working together or individually, make the car to move; this particular setup makes the vehicle mechanics to result more complex compared to the traditional type.In the front of a hybrid car is placed the traditional combustion engine, which can be powered by petrol or diesel, in this case an inline 4-cylinders one.Right by its side is found the electrical engine, specifically a permanent magnet synchronous motor; this type of engine ensures a very stable and accurate rotation speed. By using an inverter, for the engine start, and an ESC, or electronic stability control, the motor can adjust its speed. The ESC can also provide the engine rotation inversion and the dynamic braking. The dynamic braking, also known as regenerative braking, makes the car to store energy when the brake is in use thanks to the help coming from the electric engine, a clever solution that enables the batteries to extend its own autonomy. If you want to know more about this topic, watch our previous video.Next to the electric motor is the generator, it has the same characteristics of electric engine used give power to the car, but in this case it is used to store energy instead.
How do RELAYS work? - Electromagnetic - Solid State - single pole double throw JAES Company 2021-05-20 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/0KDDq0nsYs4• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyA relay is an electromechanical switch: it is necessary when, with small power available, you need to control a secondary circuit that can have higher voltage, amperage, or even different types of current, such as alternating or direct current.The drive circuit can be closed by a simple manual switch, but also by various kinds of analog or electronic equipment.The controlled circuit, on the other hand, can power any kind of electrical device, from electric motors to light bulbs.In this video we will show you how relays work, in order to understand how these small devices are essential for many electronic equipment.Let's now see how the most common relay is made: the normally open “single pole, single throw” electromagnetic relay.As we can see, the drive circuit is connected to the electromagnet which is composed of a solenoid coil of electrical conductor wire, usually in copper, wrapped around a core of ferromagnetic material.When the electric current passes through the electromagnet, it forms a magnetic field that attracts the armature to which the movable contactor is connected. The latter will change position closing the controlled circuit.When the electric current of the drive circuit is interrupted, the contact returns to its open position thanks to a small spring.Very important for the protection of the components and the correct operation of the relay is the presence of a flyback diode. The moment which the switch opens and the circuit is interrupted, the relay inductance will try to hold the current. Adding a diode to the circuit will create an easy path for this current to circulate until it is depleted.If you are interested in knowing how the diode works, watch our previous video.Relays can have different types of contacts, let's see them one by one.- The “single pole, single throw” (SPST) version is the one we have just seen, the relay behaves like a simple on-off switch.This type of relay can be made in the “normally open” (NO) or “normally closed” (NC) configuration.In the "normally open" configuration the contacts are disconnected, and they connect only when the electromagnet is energized; while in the "normally closed" configuration the contacts are always connected, and when the electromagnet is energized they disconnect.- There is also another version, called "double pole, single throw" (DPST), it is a type of relay that is equivalent to two "single pole, single contact" controlled by a single electromagnet, which can also be made in the “Normally open” (NO) or “normally closed” (NC) variants.The "single pole, double throw" (SPDT) type works as a simple multiway switch. It has a movable contactor in common with two fixed contacts, which can be connected to either one or the other. There is also the version "single pole, centre off” (SPCO), very similar but with the moving contact that can occupy a central position since it doesn’t connect to any fixed contact.- Finally, the "double pole, double throw" (DPDT) type is equivalent to two "single pole, double throw" controlled by a single electromagnet.So far we’ve seen classic electromagnetic relays, made from moving components that physically change position in order to open / close the contacts or break the circuit when required. A solid state relay (SSR), by contrast, has no mechanical or moving parts so it has the same functions as electromagnetic relays without any internal physical movement.The solid state relay is very common and consists of an opto-isolator, an electronic device that transfers a signal between two circuits while maintaining a galvanic isolation between them. It is usually made by optically coupling a LED with a photosensitive element. In this way, when the LED is turned on, the photosensitive element detects its brightness, deciding whether to close or to open the circuit.Their cost is high but since they do not wear out, they are used where high reliability over time is required.
How does a Ball Valve work? Hydraulic valves - Water Hammer - Venturi JAES Company 2021-05-05 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/4xVe-eGzF7Y• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyValves are shut-off or regulating equipment placed alongthe path offluid streams.In this video we will showyouhow a ballvalve works. Moreover, if you watchthe other videos on our playlist you will find out all the other types of valvesexisting.JAES, for over a decade has been providing its customer with the best solutions for their supply chain and in theircatalogue you can find anykind of valve from the leadingmanufacturers.The ballvalve is one of the most common valves, mostly used in domestic faucets, or in pipesfor water distribution, and takes its name from the shape of the shutterand by how it moves. It is indeed shaped like a ball:to obstruct the flowing, the floating ballmakesa 90° rotation on the normal axis to that of the piping run.Let’s now see together how a ballvalve is made of:1.Firstly we find the valve body, and we can clearly identifytwohousings at both ends which will becoupledto the pipes.2.On the inside we can find the floating ball,a drilled spherewhich enables the fluid to flow through. It is made ofbrassforvalves that have to workwithlow pressures,whilein carbon steel forhigh pressures. Some models,instead,may be madeofsynthetic material such as PVC for working with non-corrosiveor colderfluids.3.The seal, directly connectedtothe shutter, allows the correct tighteningof the valve, so that there aren’t any leaks of fluid. It consists of two rings in plastic material likeTeflon.4.Above the shutter we find the stem, which connects the floating ball tothe lever used to operate the valve.5.The leverhandleis usually made of cast or molded aluminum forsmaller valves, while in durable anti-corrosive steel forbiggervalves. The operation of the ball valve is very simple, let's now see it in detail.Thevalve is installedin the middle of 2 pipes, keep in mind thatthisis not a controlvalve but rather a shut-offvalve, that is, it interrupts the fluid that flows inside it. To open or close the valve, the leverhandleat the topmust be operated, and just a ¼ turn is enough to operate it, since the floating ball has to rotate by only 90 °.One possible disadvantage of the globe valveincludes the water hammer: it is a shockwavecreatedbythe inertia of a liquid column in motion that crashes against a wall. When we closea globe valve, the liquid flow stops so quickly that the shockwavecan cause damages to the nearby pipes.Let’s now move onto the different globe valves available on the market. We can find 2 main types:1.Full-bore valve, in which the holeof the shutterhas the same dimeter of the pipe.2.Reduced-bore valve, in which the holeof the shutteris smaller compared to the pipe’sdiameter. This type of valvereduces the speed of the fluid flowing internally. We also find a third type of ball valvecalled Venturivalve, used to increase fluid pressure.It is named afterthe physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi,who discovered the relationshipbetween pressure and speedin the physics of fluids.The valve with the Venturi tubelooks like a normal ball valve, the onlydifferenceisfound inthe central diameter:the smallerdiameter causesthe liquid to increase its speed and once it reaches the larger section, the fluid will increase its pressurewhilelosing speed.Thistype of valve is used in filling stationsor in steamplants, where high pressure is required.The Venturi effect is called“hydrodynamic paradox”because it is believedthatpressure will increase in more constricted areasof the pipelinewhile thanks to the flow rate law, we observe the exact opposite is taking place.Ball valves have several advantages:•they allow the full flow port, minimizing load dispersions and pressure drops.•they are cheaper compared to many other types of valves •they close quickly with a simple operation•they do not require any type of maintenance and lubricationThey also have some disadvantages:•The water hammer, already mentioned above, is present in all types of fast closing valves•Whenused to regulate the flow of the fluid it can create turbulence; this would lead to a reduction in flow rate, more noise and vibrations that coulddamage thevalve itself and the pipes connected to it.Do you know how many types of valves we use every day? Don’t missthe videos of our playlist, you will find outall kindsof valvesthat surround us.If you found this video useful, please let us know by leaving a like and a comment
How does a Butterfly Valve work - Hydraulic Valves JAES Company 2021-04-23 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/aVvRezuHhmk• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyValves are tools that direct, control or regulate the flow of a fluid.They can allow or interrupt the flow, regulate the flow or pressure rate and their body has inlet and outlet ports, inside of which there is a moving element for flow regulation or interruption.In this video we’ll explain how butterfly valve works and watching videos in our playlist you’ll find out all types of valves around you.For over ten years Jaes Company has been providing industrial spare parts and offers every type of valve from leading producers.Butterfly valve gets its name from the shape of the plug and how it moves.The plug is disc-shaped and the stem passing through it reminds of a butterfly. To obstruct the flowing, the disk make a 90° rotation on the normal axis to that of the piping run, like butterfly’s wings.The flow comes to a full stop when the disk sealing presses against the seat on the inside diameter of the valve body. Most valves are soft-seated in elastomeric material against which the disk seals.If the butterfly valve is designed for extreme conditions, it consists of two metal sealing rings, one on the plug and one on the seal seat.The stem has no hermetic seals (that can be the stuffing box with some packing gland or O-ring seals), in order to avoid leakages contaminating the operating liquid or to impede that the liquid corrodes the interior mechanical parts of the valve.The butterfly valve body construction varies in the ways they are joined:- the double flanged valve: two bored flanges ensure a free connection of the flanged pipes by bolts.- the Wafer-style valve: four centring through-holes allow to use the same bolts for both pipes;- the Lug-style valve: multiple threaded centring bores secure the valve with several bolts and no nuts;- the Butt-welding Ends: both ends of the valve body are welding-ready to be joined to the pipes.The butterfly valve is a rotary motion valve, which means that 1/4 turn of the disk is enough to fully open or fully close the flow. This is also why it’s called fast-acting valve.If the valve is big, it is actuated by a handwheel connected to the stem through a gear train increasing the torque and making the tightening easier at the expense of speed.Instead of a lever or a handwheel many valves use actuators, that can be electromechanical (with an electric motor) or pneumatic actuators (with pneumatic piston).Butterfly valve is well-suited for handling large flows of liquids or gases at relatively low pressures or at high temperatures, and for handling of slurries or liquids with large amounts of suspended solids. They are often used in water and even oil pipelines. They are also a common part in internal combustion engines, in both carburettor and throttle body, for regulation of air and mixture flow rate. Thus the position of butterfly valve determines the power of the engine.To know more of how cars work, watch our videos in the playlist about car’s world.Compared to ball valve, plug valve, gate valve and globe valve, butterfly valve has three main advantages: lower costs of maintenance, savings in weight and space. As a matter of fact, it is usually suited for big projects, that can highlight its qualities.Here you can see an actual butterfly valve, easy to recognise by the plug shape; after watching the video could you guess the exact valve type?Do you know how many types of valves we use every single day? Watch the videos in our playlist and will find out all types of valves around you.
How does a cars cooling system work? (CAR PART 7) - Radiator - Antifreeze JAES Company 2021-04-14 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/KRAyPvjj__E• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyHave you ever wondered how the engine cooling system of your car works? It may not look like important, but it’s an essential part of the car ensuring the perfect functioning of the engine.The car engine cooling system is a mix of devices working to cool the engine temperature holding it at the best operating level.History tells that the German engineer Karl Benz, considered the inventor of the car, was the first one equipping cars with the first cooling system. Wilhelm Maybach, instead, designed the first honeycomb radiator put on the Mercedes 35 HP, which has been the first successful vehicle with an integrated cooling system.From the very first models with a liquid cooling system distilled water has been used, that transports and dissipates heat inside the cooling circuit. However freezing was still a problem, because water turns into ice when temperature goes below 0°C, freezing the radiator as well; hence antifreeze solutions have been invented made with ETHYLENE GLYCOL, used for the first time during the WWI.In this video we’ll see how the car cooling system works, its components and how they operate together.For over ten years Jaes Company has been providing industrial spare parts and is a trusted partner of many companies in the car sector.The cooling system of a spark-ignition engine consists of various components, let’s now see them in detail:- The main part is the water pump, ensuring the liquid to flow through all components. It consists of an IMPELLER and gets activated by the transmission belt through a PULLEY;- Let’s now talk about the RADIATOR, which works as a heat exchanger; it consists of an inlet port, a pressurised cap helping to raise the boiling point of the coolant and an outlet port;- The THERMOSTAT is a valve that regulates the coolant flow and helps to maintain a proper operating temperature for the engine. The thermostatic valve is made by a frame and a spring that activates the charge cylinder;- The cooling FAN helps in cooling the engine when the the cooling system is off and the liquid is not flowing, or when more ventilation is required;- The water TEMPERATURE SENSOR is connected with the control unit managing the pump, keeps also the driver updated of increasing temperature of water thanks to a specific warning light on the driver console;- The THERMOSTAT SWITCH activates the cooling fan.We’ve seen all the parts of the cooling system, now let’s see it in action. As we’ve already said, the cooling system’s main task is to hold the engine at the proper temperature.The coolant is in an easily accessible container in order to refill it when necessary. The fuel tank cap has to be pressurised because by holding the pressurisation in the whole system the boiling point of the liquid will considerably increase.The water pump spreads the liquid through the whole system by a radial impeller. This piece is activated by the timing belt connected to the pump with a pulley and the liquid starts to flow in the engine and cooling it.It’s now time for the thermostat: it is a valve that regulates the flow of the coolant. The valve is always immersed in the liquid in order to detect the temperature. When the liquid starts to absorb the heat from running engine and its temperature is between 158° and 194° F (70°-90° C), the thermostatic valve opens allowing the liquid to reach the radiator inlet port.The radiator is indeed a heat exchanger; through a small-pipes grid where the liquid flows and a series of metal fins it dissipates the heat outside, if necessary helping with the cooling fan.The fan is activated when there is no natural ventilation and consequently sufficient heat exchange, for example when the vehicle is stationary with engine on, on a hill or in very hot days.Once the liquid has cooled, it’s put back in the system cooling the engine.The liquid cooling system is advantageous because it maintains a better control over the engine temperature and thanks to the presence of the liquid ducts, which soundproof the cylinder, this system results less noisy.On the other hand, it also has disadvantages: it requires more maintenance so it is certainly more expensive than an air cooling system; in addition, having multiple components like hoses, pumps...
How does a Tesla Valve work - The Hydraulic Valves - Experiment - Nikola Tesla JAES Company 2021-04-09 | Se ti interessa guardare il nostro video in lingua italiana clicca questo link:youtu.be/4bgWFNtDA2A0:00:00 | Intro0:00:17 | Patent history of Nikola Tesla0:00:34 | JAES0:00:47 | Check Valves (Non Return)0:00:59 | Swing Check Valve0:01:32 | Tesla Valve0:02:23 | Scientific experiment0:04:27 | Conclusions of the scientific experiment0:05:03 | Applications of the Tesla Valve0:05:30 | Conclusions• Find out more about our project:jaescompany.com/elearning.php?lang=en• Here are some products installed by our technicians:jaescompany.com/catalogo_marche.php?lang=enJAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.Linkedin: it.linkedin.com/company/jaes-srlFacebook: facebook.com/jaescompanyTesla valve is a fixed geometry passive check valve. It lets a fluid flow only in one direction, without moving parts.This valve gets its name from Nikola Tesla, who invented it in 1920 and in the patent it is described as a series of eleven flow-control segments.We’ll show you how it works using this model, very similar to the original one.Tesla valve is a check valve also called “non-return valve”. It belongs to the category of valves that let the flow move only in one direction.As shown in our previous videos about hydraulic valves, most check valves, such as swing check valve, usually have a moving plug that gets activated directly by flow pressure. When fluid flows in the correct direction, the plug is open allowing the flow; whereas the plug gets back to the closing position, if the flow starts going the opposite way, impeding the reversal of the flow.Tesla valve, instead, is a special valve, because it’s the only fixed geometry valve, which means with no moving parts.As you can see here, when the fluid flows in the right direction, it passes mostly through the main channel with almost no deviation.If the fluid tries to flow in the other direction we can see for instance the liquid splitting into two different ways; right after one of the flows deviates hitting the other one almost from the front. The two flows rejoin but have lost their energy and flow more slowly. This happens several times, getting the flow slower after every deviation.Let’s do now a scientific experiment to test the correct operation of the Tesla valve!In this controlled environment the temperature is stable at 20° C, that correspond to 68° F, at a pressure of 1013.25 hectopascal (hPa) and as a fluid we use some distilled water with colourant to better understand and see how the flow moves. With the stopwatch we’ll see how much time 250 millilitres (ml) take to flow through the valve by gravity alone, in a direction first and then in the other.Let’s start with the direction that should be the fastest: as you can see, water flows mostly through the primary stream, zigzagging but smoothly. We did the experiment 3 times and averaged the time 250 ml of water took to pass through a Tesla valve and the result is 27 seconds.Let’s now turn the valve upside down in order to make the water flow in the opposite direction. As you can see, when water splits most of the water flows through the secondary stream. After that, the flow rejoins flowing slightly up through the primary stream. Water keep flowing repeating this process at every stream.We notice that it has already taken more than 27 seconds of the previous test and after 3 attempts the average time is 42 seconds.With this experiment we’ve proved that this specific Tesla valve has a flow rate of more than 0.556 litres per minute (l/min) from one direction and a flow rate of less than 0.357 l/min from the other, hence reducing the flow rate by 35.8% changing side in the same test conditions.It’s obvious that the Tesla valve doesn’t stop the flow completely like a normal check valve, but it can slow down the flow considerably. It’s a good option in conditions where you need to hinder a strong flow for a long period; as a matter of fact, with no moving parts less faults occur.This valve can be used also in microfluidics, since it would be impossible to create miniscule plugs, hence gaining advantage in scalability, duration and ease of manufacture.Do you know how many types of valves we use every single day? Watch the videos in our playlist and will find out all types of valves around you.
