In this episode of General Knowledge, I take inspiration from @GeographyByGeoff's video on redesigning US state borders to hypothetically redraw Europe’s map. Starting with Portugal, I propose adding Galicia, due to shared linguistic and cultural ties, while also reclaiming Olivença from Spain. Spain would see independence for Catalonia, the Basque Country, and possibly the Balearic Islands, offset by reclaiming Gibraltar. France might lose Corsica to a newly divided Italy and Brittany as an independent Celtic nation but gain Wallonia from Belgium. The UK would dissolve, creating new countries like Cornwall, Wales, Scotland, and an Ireland united with Northern Ireland, while Orkney might join Norway. Scandinavia would remain mostly intact, except for potential independence for the Sami people. While Finland could recover its Winter War losses. Belgium would disappear, with Flanders joining the Netherlands, Wallonia going to France, and Brussels as a city-state. Germany could split into three regions, with East Germany potentially absorbing some Polish territory, while Austria merges with South Germany. A united Baltic Duchy could emerge from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, with Lithuania annexing Kaliningrad. Belarus might join Russia, Moldova could unite with Romania, and Hungary would gain some border regions from Romania and Slovakia. The Balkans would see Republika Srpska join Serbia, Kosovo and Albania uniting, and Greece potentially annexing European Turkey. These ideas are purely hypothetical, not meant to be taken seriously, and aim to spark discussion on Europe’s borders.
Fixing Europes Borders (And Making Everyone Upset)General Knowledge2024-12-06 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
In this episode of General Knowledge, I take inspiration from @GeographyByGeoff's video on redesigning US state borders to hypothetically redraw Europe’s map. Starting with Portugal, I propose adding Galicia, due to shared linguistic and cultural ties, while also reclaiming Olivença from Spain. Spain would see independence for Catalonia, the Basque Country, and possibly the Balearic Islands, offset by reclaiming Gibraltar. France might lose Corsica to a newly divided Italy and Brittany as an independent Celtic nation but gain Wallonia from Belgium. The UK would dissolve, creating new countries like Cornwall, Wales, Scotland, and an Ireland united with Northern Ireland, while Orkney might join Norway. Scandinavia would remain mostly intact, except for potential independence for the Sami people. While Finland could recover its Winter War losses. Belgium would disappear, with Flanders joining the Netherlands, Wallonia going to France, and Brussels as a city-state. Germany could split into three regions, with East Germany potentially absorbing some Polish territory, while Austria merges with South Germany. A united Baltic Duchy could emerge from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, with Lithuania annexing Kaliningrad. Belarus might join Russia, Moldova could unite with Romania, and Hungary would gain some border regions from Romania and Slovakia. The Balkans would see Republika Srpska join Serbia, Kosovo and Albania uniting, and Greece potentially annexing European Turkey. These ideas are purely hypothetical, not meant to be taken seriously, and aim to spark discussion on Europe’s borders.
Fifteen hundred years ago, Yemen was home to a Jewish kingdom ruled by monarchs who made Judaism the state religion. From the rise of Dhu Nuwas and the Himyarite dynasty to centuries of persecution, exile, and eventual mass emigration in Operation Magic Carpet, the story of Yemen’s Jews is both remarkable and tragic. Today, only a handful remain, perhaps just one! This video explores how a once-thriving community vanished from Yemen but left a lasting cultural legacy.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Yemen used to be Jewish?? 00:26 Why isn't it today? 01:00 When did Jews arrive to Yemen? 01.53 How they became rulers and the majority 02:56 How they fought to preserve it 03:42 Collapse of the Jewish Dynasty 04:07 Temporary Christian rule 04:35 Arrival of Muslims & Life under Islam 05.35 Start of persecution 06:43 Survival & growth 07:37 Ekster 09:10 Return to Palestine 09:43 Creation of Israel & Repression 10:16 Expulsion from Yemen 11:05 The minority who stayed behind 12:08 Internal Conflict & The Houthis 12:29 The last Jew in Yemen 13:16 How Yemeni Judaism survives, outside Yemen
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Did North Africas Romance Language Disappear?General Knowledge2025-09-26 | 💤 Check out Manta Sleep here tinyurl.com/4bvute8n, and make sure to use my code GK for 10% off your order.
Did you know North Africa once spoke a Romance language? Long before Arabic and Berber became dominant, the region of modern Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya had its own Latin-based tongue: African Romance (also called African Latin or Afroromance). Born from the Roman conquest after Carthage’s fall in 146 BC, African Romance developed from Vulgar Latin, mixing with local Berber and Punic words. It thrived for centuries under Roman, Vandal, and Byzantine rule, and even survived into the Islamic era—possibly lasting until the 15th century in rural areas of Tunisia!
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 North African Latin 00:52 Dead Romance Languages 02.17 Where was it spoken? 02:46 Arrival of the Romans 03:34 Roman Empire provinces 04:26 Mantasleep 05:58 How the Romans brought the language 07:27 Dual use along with Punic & Berber 08:17 What did it sound like? 08:59 Differences to "Regular" Latin 09:59 Survival under Barbarian rule 10:49 Byzantine reconquest 11:33 Umayyad Arab Invasion 12:38 Latin & Arabic co-existence 13:40 Last remnants through Christian populations 14:14 Norman conquest 14:49 Arab reconquest & language extinction 15:19 Potential similarity to Sardinian 15:56 The last speakers 16:38 Romania Submersa
Why does Taiwan control islands right off the coast of mainland China? The Kinmen (Quemoy) and Matsu islands are just a few kilometers away from the Chinese city of Xiamen, yet they’re not part of the People’s Republic of China. Instead, they remain under Taiwan (the Republic of China). In this video, we’ll dive into the strange history and strategic importance of these islands. From their settlement during the Tang Dynasty, to Koxinga’s campaigns against the Dutch, to the decisive Battle of Guningtou in 1949, and the Cold War Taiwan Strait Crises that nearly triggered U.S. nuclear strikes. We’ll also explore what life is like there today: their unique flag, economy built on Kinmen Kaoliang Liquor, military heritage tourism, and why they remain at the heart of the Taiwan-China standoff.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What are these islands? 01:53 Where is Kinmen? 03:09 The island's population and flag 03:46 Taiwanese military defenses 04:30 The local economy 05:07 Raycon 07:04 How it became part of China 07:31 Etymology (name origin) 07:57 Ming & Qing Conquests 09:24 Annexation by the Japanese Empire 10:35 Chinese Civil War & retreat into Taiwan 11:05 1949 Battle of Guningtou 11:30 The Japanese General that helped 12:28 Nationalist victory? 13:44 Why Taiwan managed to keep them 14:13 Taiwan Strait Crisis & Chinese attacks 14:36 USA influence & defence of Taiwan 15:32 US debate about Kinmen's defense 15:59 The similar Matsu archipelago 16:14 Today
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Do 35 DIFFERENT European Cities Use The SAME Name?General Knowledge2025-09-10 | Take the first step toward adventure. Visit vessi.com/GK to keep dry and light on your feet with the waterproof Vessi Sneakers. Covered with a 1-year warranty and 30-day worry-free returns. Explore confidently and enjoy 15% off your first pair at checkout!
Why are there so many towns in Europe called Newcastle? From Neuchâtel in Switzerland to Castel Nuovo in Naples, Niokastro in Greece, Castelo Novo in Portugal, and of course Newcastle upon Tyne in England, at least 17 European countries have their own version of this name. In this video, we explore the fascinating history and etymology of these “new castles,” tracing how medieval fortifications gave rise to place names across the continent. From Norman keeps to Ottoman bastions and Renaissance star forts, discover how one simple title spread all over Europe.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Wy so many Newcastles? 01:19 Overview of all of them 01:33 Neuchâtel, Switzerland 03:18 Caisleán Nua, Ireland 04:06 Neokastro, Greece 06:50 Castellnewydd, Wales 07:34 Kaštel Novi, Croatia 08:23 Herceg Novi, Montenegro 08:59 Nové Zámky, Slovakia 09:55 Neuenburg am Rhein, Germany 10:47 Neuburg am Inn, Bavaria/Austria 11:16 Castelo Novo, Portugal 12:17 Castillonuevo, Spain 12:52 Neufchâtel-en-Bray, France 13:35 Neufchâtel Cheese 14:22 Nowe, Poland 15:10 Castel Nuovo, Italy 16:21 Endless "New Castles" 16:35 Newcastle Upon Tyne, England 17:42 Summary & Patreon Credits 18:20 Other shared place names in Europe 18:43 Cool castles montage
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy did Croatia move?General Knowledge2025-09-06 | ...Croatia Used To Be Somewhere Else, Why Did It Move?General Knowledge2025-09-03 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
Did you know Croatia didn’t always sit on the Adriatic coast? The people we know today as Croats actually started out way further north in the Carpathian Mountains, in a place historians called White Croatia. In this video we dive into the fascinating migration of the Croats, from their mysterious origins in Eastern Europe to their arrival in Dalmatia, where Croatia exists today. In this video we’ll explore who the White Croats were, why some of them moved south, and what happened to those who stayed behind in the Carpathians. Along the way we’ll look at Byzantine sources, Slavic migrations, medieval politics, and how Croatia blended Slavic and Latin influences to become one of Europe’s most unique nations. If you’re into history, geography, Slavic tribes, or Balkan history, this is a story you don’t want to miss :).
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Croatia moved?! 01:47 Who were the White Croats? 02:10 Etymology of Croatia 02:33 Where did they come from? 02:46 Why were they "White"? 03:55 A Croat identity 04:51 What was White Croatia like? 06:54 Why did they move? 09:04 The migration to Dalmatia 10:07 A hybrid identity 11:14 The end of the Dalmatian language 11:37 The settlement of Modern Croatia 11:53 Conversion to Christianity & Sovereignty 12:44 Becoming a Kingdom & losing independence 13:36 What happened to the old 'White Croats'? 14:25 Summary & Patreon Credits 14:48 Other countries that 'moved'
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Dont These European Countries Have Their Own Language?General Knowledge2025-08-27 | Learn Spanish and other languages for 7-days FREE at Lingopie! learn.lingopie.com/gk
In this video I explore a strange question: why don’t some European countries have their own language? When we think of a country, we usually imagine its flag, name, location, and language. But oddly, not every nation in Europe has a unique language of its own. Instead, many share or adapt the tongues of their larger neighbors. From Belgium’s split between Dutch and French, to Switzerland’s four official languages, to Austria, Liechtenstein, and Luxembourg’s use of German, and even microstates like Monaco, San Marino, Andorra, and the Vatican, I’ll explain how history, politics, and culture shaped their linguistic identities. I also look at Kosovo and Ireland, where questions of language connect deeply with national identity, colonization, and cultural survival.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Countries without their own language 00:53 European countries without their own language 02:04 Belgium's French & Flemish (Dutch) 03:57 Luxembourg's Fake Language? 05:02 Switzerland's 4 Languages: None of their own 07:12 Austria's German 08:51 Learn These Languages! 10:21 Liechtenstein's German 11:34 Kosovo's Albanian and Serbian 12:35 Andorra: The only Catalan speaking country 13:41 Monaco's Ghost Language 14:34 San Marino's Italian 15:16 Vatican's Latin 15:54 Ireland's English 17:16 Summary & Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing Russias Borders in 60 secondsGeneral Knowledge2025-08-23 | ...Fixing Russias Borders (& Making It Smaller)General Knowledge2025-08-20 | Step confidently into daily life with the waterproof, ultra-light Vessi Sneakers. Covered with a 1-year warranty and 30-day worry-free returns. Get 15% off your first pair at https:vessi.com/GK at checkout!
In this video I imagine a completely hypothetical scenario: what if Russia suddenly decided to be the “nice guy” of geopolitics and actually fixed all of its borders? From returning disputed territories like Crimea and South-East Ukraine, to redrawing its borders with Finland, the Baltic States, Georgia, and even Japan over the Kuril Islands - I walk through what Russia would look like if it gave up land, settled its disputes, and even allowed some of its Republics to become independent countries. We start with the exclave of Kaliningrad, explore Russia’s historic borders with Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, look at the wars in Ukraine and Georgia (Abkhazia & South Ossetia), and cover the long-running Kuril Islands / Northern Territories dispute with Japan. Then I’ll move inside Russia itself, breaking down how its many republics and autonomous regions could become new independent nations - places like Chechnya, Dagestan, Tuva, Tatarstan, and Sakha/Yakutia.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Disclaimer 00:04 What if Russia was nice? 00:53 Kaliningrad 01:56 Finland 02:37 Baltic Nations' Borders 03:25 The Bear in the Room 05:44 Eastern Ukraine & Crimea 06:57 Abhkazia and South Ossetia (Georgia) 08:27 South Kuril Archipelago (Japan) 09:40 Russia's Internal Borders 10:21 Autonomous Republics 11:35 Minority Ethnic Republics 12:01 Krais, Oblasts & Federal Cities 12:15 Jewish Autonomous Oblast 12:29 Autonomous Okrugs
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Didnt Bulgaria Join Yugoslavia?General Knowledge2025-08-18 | ...Why Didnt Bulgaria Join Yugoslavia?General Knowledge2025-08-14 | Start building AI apps for free with #lovable and use code GKNOW20YT for a 20% discount on the first purchase of the Pro plan at https://lovable.dev/ (valid for 30 days until September 13, 2025)
In this video we discover the untold history of the Bled Agreement of 1947. A would-be step toward a Balkan Federation that nearly merged Yugoslavia and Bulgaria and almost paved the way to further Balkan inclusion via the annexation of Albania, Greece and Romania. Led by Josip Broz Tito and Georgi Dimitrov, this short‑lived post‑WWII vision promised open borders, a customs union, cultural integration, and a radical reimagining of Southeast Europe. It ended up never happening due to the Tito-Stalin split of 1948, after which the Soviets forced Bulgaria to step away from the agreement and pressured other Balkan socialist nations to diplomatically isolate Yugoslavia. But what if it had succeeded?
#GeneralKnowledge #history #geography #balkan #yugoslaviaWhy These Two European Countries Have Nearly Identical NamesGeneral Knowledge2025-08-06 | 🔒Remove your personal information from the web at https://JoinDeleteMe.com/KNOWLEDGE and use code KNOWLEDGE for 20% off 🙌 DeleteMe international Plans: international.joindeleteme.com
In this video we talk about the weird name confusion between Slovakia and Slovenia.
#GeneralKnowledgeThese countries have oddly similar shapes #geography #borders #mapsGeneral Knowledge2025-08-04 | ...Countries That Surprisingly Look Like Each OtherGeneral Knowledge2025-07-30 | 👉 Tackle your busy life without missing a step. Transform your daily routine with BlueGrass' wellness sprays. Get your 15% discount at http://thebpwshop.com/GK
In this video, we explore some of the world’s most unexpected geographic lookalikes. From countries and rivers to lakes and U.S. states, you’ll be surprised how many places share eerily similar shapes. Cyprus and the U.S., Austria and Armenia, Cuba and Chile, Japan and New Zealand, Vietnam and the Nile — it turns out the world is full of familiar outlines in unfamiliar places.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Similar Shapes Everywhere 00:30 Cyprus & The United States 00:43 Plus Georgia, too 01:01 Hispaniola & Kyrgyzstan 01:27 Austria & Armenia 01:51 Nile River & Vietnam 02:13 Lake Michigan & Sweden 02:28 Kosovo & Montenegro 02:52 Luxembourg, Barbados & Liechtenstein 03:07 Wisconsin & Tanzania 03:24 West Virginia & Afghanistan 03:44 Burkina Faso & Central African Republic 04:00 Bluegrass 05:43 Cuba & Chile 06:04 Paraná & Romania 06:17 Ireland & South Korea 06:33 Venezuela & Lithuania 06:51 Lithuania & North Africa 07:01 Argentina & Lebanon 07:17 Algeria & Iraq 07:37 Laos & Italy 07:51 Peru & Liberia 08:05 Albania & Tunisia 08:15 Japan & New Zealand 08:43 Japan & Vietnam 09:00 Ukraine & Kazakhstan 09:16 Iran & Yugoslavia 09:30 Portugal & Nepal 09:48 Great Britain & Shanxi 10:09 Summary
#GeneralKnowledgeItaly’s Hidden Border Dispute: The Story of South TyrolGeneral Knowledge2025-07-23 | Bring your own video ideas to life with StoryBlocks! Sign up now at: storyblocks.com/generalknowledge
🇮🇹🇦🇹 Why South Tyrol Is Still Part of Italy – A Hidden Border Dispute in the Alps:
South Tyrol is a German-speaking region in Northern Italy with deep historical ties to Austria. So why is it still Italian? In this video we explore the complex territorial dispute between Austria and Italy, tracing the region’s history from the Holy Roman Empire to World War 1, Italianization, and the South Tyrolean independence movement today. We discover how the Treaty of London (1915) led Italy to annex South Tyrol after WWI, and how Mussolini's regime tried to erase the region’s German identity. We also dive into the Tyrolean Rebellion, the 1939 South Tyrol Option Agreement, and the post-WW2 autonomy struggles that shaped this unique region. Today, South Tyrol is one of Italy’s richest provinces, yet a strong self-determination movement persists. Could it become an independent country or even reunite with Austria?
#GeneralKnowledge #austria #italy #southtyrol #borderdisputeWest Australia Declared Independence In 1933 - Why Isnt It A Country?General Knowledge2025-07-16 | Get your own copy of The Book TODAY at: mdsh.io/generalknowledge Use Promocode: KNOWLEDGE10
In this video I explore what could’ve happened if Western Australia actually became its own independent country. Back in 1933, during the Great Depression, over 66% of West Australians voted to secede from the Australian federation and form a separate nation—possibly rejoining the British Empire like Canada. I dive into why they wanted out, how far they got, and why it ultimately failed.
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy isnt there a BRIDGE across the Gibraltar Strait?! #geography #spain #morocco #españaGeneral Knowledge2025-07-12 | ...Why Isnt There A Bridge Between Italy & Sicily?General Knowledge2025-07-09 | 🔒Remove your personal information from the web at https://JoinDeleteMe.com/KNOWLEDGE and use code KNOWLEDGE for 20% off 🙌 DeleteMe international Plans: https://international.joindeleteme.com.
Some places are just begging for a bridge. In this video, we explore 5 narrow crossings around the world that don’t have bridges — and uncover the surprising (and sometimes explosive) reasons why. From the Gibraltar Strait – Europe to Africa, from Italy to Sicily, Svelvik to Verket in Norway, Ireland to Scotland, plus North to South New Zealand.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Why Are There No Bridges Here? 02:16 Spain & Morocco (Strait of Gibraltar) 04:21 DeleteMe 06:18 Italy & Sicily (Straight of Messina) 07:52 Drammen (Norway) 09:23 Ireland & Scotland (North Channel) 11:27 North & South New Zealand (Cook Strait) 12:29 Summary
#GeneralKnowledgeContinents That No Longer ExistGeneral Knowledge2025-07-02 | Check out Manta Sleep here tinyurl.com/4bvute8n, and make sure to use my code GK for 10% off your order.
In this video I dive into the interesting history of Earth’s lost continents. Actual landmasses that used to exist above sea level and are now totally underwater. The real cases, not Atlantis (although also Atlantis). From Doggerland (once connecting Britain to Europe), to Zealandia (a hidden 8th continent under New Zealand), and Sundaland, Beringia, and Mauritia—these places were massive, teeming with life, and in some cases, even home to humans.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 How Many Continents Are There? 00:32 The World's Lost Continents 01:12 Doggerland 04:33 Mantasleep 06:08 Zealandia 08:31 Sundaland 10:07 Beringia 11:41 Mauritia 12:56 What Does This Mean?
In this video I explore the lost Romance language that once filled the strange gap between modern Latin-based countries like Italy and Romania. Ever wondered why Romania speaks a Romance language while being surrounded by Slavic nations? Turns out, languages like Dalmatian used to bridge the gap, as did Mozarabic in the Iberian Peninsula; until history wiped them out. We’ll dive into how the Roman Empire, Vulgar Latin, Slavic migrations, and Muslim Spain shaped Europe’s linguistic map, and why these forgotten tongues disappeared.
Timestamps: 00:00 Europe's Romance Languages 00:28 Why Romania speaks a Latin Language 01:29 Where do Romance Languages come from? 03:45 Learn some of these languages! 05:53 What happened to Dalmatian? 07:55 Mozarabic - Iberia's Lost Language 11:46 Why did Romania remain Latin? 12:50 Conclusion
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Do So Many Places in Europe Have the Same Name?General Knowledge2025-06-18 | Try Huel with 15% OFF for New Customers today using my code gk at huel.com/gk with minimum $75 purchase. Fuel your best performance with Huel today!
In this video I explore how multiple places across Europe share the same name despite having different histories, locations, and origins. From Galicia in Spain and Poland, to Luxembourg the country and the Belgian province, we look at how these names came to exist — whether through shared political history, linguistic coincidence, or ancient naming conventions. The video covers examples like Gallipoli in Türkiye and Italy, Iberia in the Caucasus and on the Iberian Peninsula, and Albania in both the Balkans and the South Caucasus. It also examines names with a common linguistic root, such as Wales, Wallonia, Wallachia, and Valais. These cases show how geography, empire, and language have shaped Europe’s map over time. If you’re interested in European geography, toponymy, or historical regions, this video breaks down the reasons behind these recurring names.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Common European Place Names 00:32 The Four "Valencias" 00:56 The Two Iberias 01:36 The Two Albanias 02:08 Galicia in Spain, but also Poland 03:24 Two Luxembourgs 04:17 Austrian & Italian Tyrols 04:34 Lapland in the Nordics 04:47 Huel 05:51 Turkish & Italian Gallipoli 06:40 Wallonia, Wallachia, Valais, Wales 08:01 Cymru & Cumbria 08:50 Sovereign & Spanish Andorra 09:58 Other Examples 10:20 Causes For Common Names 10:49 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing The United States Borders So They Actually Make SenseGeneral Knowledge2025-06-12 | Go to my sponsor venice.ai/generalknowledge and use code generalknowledge to enjoy private, uncensored AI. Using my code will get you 20% off a pro plan.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 State Borders Today 00:48 Weird Borders 01:13 Florida's Panhandle to Alabama & Mississippi 02:09 Georgia's Northwest to Tennessee 02:35 Louisiana's Eastern Mississippi Bank To Mississippi 02:43 Kentucky's 'Purchase Region' To Missouri 02:57 Venice AI 04:26 Illinois' 'Little Egypt' To Missouri & Kentucky 04:54 Northwest Indiana To Illinois 05.08 Michigan's Upper Peninsula To Wisconsin 05:34 Ohio's Southeast To West Virginia 05:52 West Maryland & East Kentucky To West Virginia 06:01 Partition Of Maryland & Delaware 06:34 New Jersey's Partition 06:55 New York City's Split 07:17 Connecticut's Panhandle 07:25 Western Massachusetts To Vermont 07:36 Maine's Loss Of Territory To Canada 08:01 Middle America's 'Square' States 08:13 Partition of Colorado 08:39 Eastern Nevada To Utah 08:54 A Las Vegas "City State" 09:09 The Rest Of Nevada To California 09:17 Arizona's Border Adjustments 09:23 A Native American Belt 09:37 Southern New Mexico To Texas 09:45 Texas' Panhandle To Oklahoma 10:07 North & South Dakota 10:19 Great Plains State 10:45 A Smaller Minnesota 10:53 Idaho's Panhandle To Washington 11:03 East Oregon To Idaho 11:12 North California To Oregon 11:31 Alaska & Hawaii 11:39 What About Washington DC? 12:05 New Map Overview 12:31 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhat If India & Pakistan Reunited TODAY? (British Raj In 2025)General Knowledge2025-06-06 | 🔒Remove your personal information from the web at https://JoinDeleteMe.com/KNOWLEDGE and use code KNOWLEDGE for 20% off 🙌 DeleteMe international Plans: international.joindeleteme.com
In this video I explore a what if scenario: what if the British Raj reunited today in 2025? I’m talking India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar forming one giant mega-country. We dive into everything from the new flag, population (nearly 2 billion!), massive military power, and insane linguistic and religious diversity, to whether this new “Republic of the Raj” could actually function - or if it would just implode under the weight of its history. I break down the economic potential, political chaos, border conflicts like Kashmir, and even how China and the UN might react. It’s all hypothetical, but it’s a fascinating thought experiment on unity, identity, and what binds countries together long after empires fall.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What If "British" India Reunited? 01:47 Which Flag Would They Use? 02:15 What Would It Be Called? 02:28 Territory 02:43 Population 03:14 Language & Religion 03:30 Economy 04:15 DeleteMe Sponsorship 05:52 Military Power 06:42 Politics & Government 07:32 Reaction Of Neighbors (China, Afghanistan, Iran) 08:10 Diplomatic Weight Worldwide 08:38 Kashmir, Rohingya & Water Conflicts 09:33 Internal Issues Within Each Nation 10:13 Could This Actually Happen?
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Poland's 2025 Electoral Map 00:30 Europe's Phantom Borders 01:15 What Is A Phantom Border? 02:34 Poland (Old Imperial Borders) 03:57 Romania (Transylvania) 05:43 Germany (East vs West) 07:02 Italy (North vs South) 08:11 Belgium (Flanders vs Wallonia) 09:26 Patreon Credits 10:22 Enjoy The Wood Wall Maps
In this video I explore the fascinating world of phantom borders—invisible lines from Europe’s past that still shape how people vote, live, and think today. Starting with a recent electoral map of Poland, I show how old imperial borders from over a century ago still influence modern politics. We dive into similar cases in Romania, Germany, Italy, and Belgium, where historical divisions—like the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Berlin Wall—continue to show up in voting patterns, economic development, and cultural attitudes. From East vs. West Germany to North vs. South Italy, these ghost borders reveal how history never really goes away.
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy China Should Actually Be 7 Different CountriesGeneral Knowledge2025-05-23 | Check out Manta Sleep here tinyurl.com/4bvute8n, and make sure to use my code GK for 10% off your order.
In this video I explore the controversial question: what would happen if China broke apart into several independent countries? Using ethnic maps, history, and geopolitics, I analyze regions like Xinjiang (East Turkestan), Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Manchuria, and South China to imagine a hypothetical breakup of China. I look at how Chinese imperial expansion under the Qing dynasty shaped modern borders, and how distinct cultures, religions, and identities across these regions could support independence movements. We dive into topics like ethnic minorities, cultural suppression, natural resources, and the "One Country, Two Systems" model.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Is China Too Big? 00:20 China's Ethnic Map 00:50 Qing Imperial Expansion 01:30 Cultural Divisions 02:29 Our Method 02:43 The 7 Potential Countries 03:06 Xinjiang / Uyghuristan 04:42 Manta Sleep 06:14 A Free Tibet 08:01 A Greater Mongolia 09:33 A Hong Kong & Macau City State 10:48 Taiwan's Confirmation 11:12 Manchuria 11:59 Independent South China 13:07 Summary 13:22 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy The Åland Islands Are Finnish & Not SwedishGeneral Knowledge2025-05-16 | Happy FlexiSpot Brand Day & Memorial Day Sale, up to 65% OFF — on May 19th and May 26th at 9:00 AM, the first 20 customers to place an order will have a chance to get it 100% free. If you are on a budget, the FlexiSpot premium E7 will be a great option. Use my code ''YTE7P50'' to get EXTRA $50 off on the E7 Plus/E7 Pro/E7L standing desk or "YTE730" to get EXTRA $30 off on the E7 standing desk!
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What Are The Åland Islands? 00:34 Why Are They Finnish? 00:59 Åland's Etymology 01:35 The First Inhabitants 01:47 Arrival Of The Swedish 02:21 Sweden's Empire 02:50 Incorporation with Finland, within Sweden 03:03 Strategic Importance During The Middle Ages 04:10 Flexispot 06:11 Further incorporation Into Swedish Finland 06:39 The Great Northern War Against Russia 07:48 The Finnish War (Napoleonic Period) 08:40 Sweden Loses Finland & Åland To Russia 08:57 British & French Invasion 09:36 How It Became Neutral & Demilitarised 10:18 WW1 & Finnish Independence 10:37 Paris Peace Conference & Swedish Efforts For Re-Annexation 11:06 League of Nations Resolution On Its Autonomy Status 11:31 Role During WW2 12:02 Modern Times 12:48 Patreon Credits
In this video, I explore the fascinating history and unique political status of the Åland Islands - a group of over 6,500 islands in the Baltic Sea that are culturally Swedish but officially part of Finland. I dive into why these islands, whose people speak Swedish, fly a flag inspired by Sweden’s, and have deep historical ties to the Swedish Kingdom, ended up under Finnish control. From ancient settlers to Viking colonisation, medieval trade routes, dramatic battles like the Battle of Grengam, and wars between Sweden and Russia (plus a crazy invasion by English & French armies), we trace Åland’s journey through the centuries. I explain how the islands were eventually granted autonomy by Finland after the League of Nations intervened in the aftermath of WW1, following Finland's independence from Russia. You'll also learn why the islands are demilitarised, how they stayed neutral during World War II, and why most of their population today prefers autonomy under Finland rather than reunification with Sweden. A perfect example for anyone interested in European history, geopolitics, borders, and disputed territories.
#GeneralKnowledgeThe European Country That Never ExistedGeneral Knowledge2025-05-09 | Get up to 30% off until May 19th - use code KNOWLEDGE at checkout to get an extra 10% off: partner.ekster.com/generalknowledge
In this video I explore the story of the Aromanians - an ethnic group in the southern Balkans with their own Latin-derived language and a long history, who once tried to create an independent country called Samarina, or Terra Vlachorum. Learning who the Aromanians are, where they come from, and how their culture, language, and identity developed across Albania, Greece, North Macedonia, and beyond. From their ancient Roman roots and the destruction of their cultural capital Moscopole, to their struggles with assimilation and identity in a region filled with competing national movements, this video covers it all. Diving into their political history, namely how they gained recognition in the Ottoman Empire, attempted to form a state after WW1 during the Paris Peace Conference, and tried again under Axis protection in WW2, only to see both attempts fail.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 The European Country That Never Was 00:43 Who Are The Aromanians? 01:31 Their Many Names 01.53 Their Language 02:22 The Greek/Ottoman Exonym of 'Vlach' 02:45 Where Did They Live? 03:33 How Did They Get There? 04:20 Their National Awakening 05:35 Ekster 07:00 Integration of Elites Into Other Cultures 07:40 Romania's Influence 08:19 Austro-Hungarian Support 08:41 Lack Of Local Enthusiasm 09:07 Post-WW1 Attempt At Statehood 10:57 Developments During WW2 11:33 Aromanians In Modern Times 12:41 Summary & Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeHow The US Wanted The Middle East To Look Like After WW1General Knowledge2025-05-02 | 👟 Meet your new favorite daily sneaker—Vessi is waterproof, ultra-comfy, and fits every part of your routine. Visit vessi.com/gk and enjoy 15% off your first pair at checkout!
In this video I explore what the Middle East could have looked like if U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's post-WWI vision had become reality. We look at his Fourteen Points, especially point XII, and how his ideas clashed with the British and French plans already in motion, like the secret Sykes-Picot Agreement. I break down how Wilson hoped to create new countries based on ethnic and national lines, rather than colonial interests, and how this vision played out at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. I explain the proposed creation of an international zone over the Dardanelles and Constantinople, and dive into the potential independence of places like Smyrna, Pontus, Greater Armenia (Wilsonian Armenia), and a Free Kurdistan. We also look at what happened instead: how Turkey kept the straits and crushed many of these plans through the War of Independence, how the British and French carved up Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Palestine, and Egypt under mandates, and how Wilson’s ideas were mostly sidelined by European imperialism and American isolationism. The video covers other interesting “what-ifs” like a League of Nations-administered strait, a Kurdish homeland across four countries, and why the Armenian and Pontic Greek states never came to be. This is a deep dive into alternative history, the real plans for these borders, and the reasons they never came to life.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What If The Middle-East Looked Different? 00:31 What The British & French Wanted vs What Wilson Wanted 01:33 Which Countries Were Proposed? 02:52 Vessi 04:42 The Unfollowed Treaty of Sèvres 05:07 What Actually Happened? 06:11 Constantinople / Dardanelles Strait 07:17 An Independent or Greek Smyrna 08:02 Greek and Turkish Population Exchanges 08:32 Republic of Pontus 09:41 Greater Armenia 10:32 A Free Kurdistan 11:37 A Modern Mesopotamia 12:29 Syria & Lebanon 12:41 Palestine, Egypt & Cyprus 12:49 United Arabia 13:30 Summary 13:37 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeHow New Yorks Neighborhoods Got Their NamesGeneral Knowledge2025-04-25 | Going to therapy is a sign of strength, not weakness. BetterHelp makes therapy simple, with 10% off your first month to help you get started: betterhelp.com/generalknowledge (In paid partnership with BetterHelp)
In this video I explore the surprising origins behind the names of New York City’s five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island. We dive into the historical, linguistic, and cultural roots of each name, from Native American languages and Dutch colonists to English royalty and even a Swedish settler. You'll find out why Manhattan means “the place where we gather bows,” how Brooklyn comes from a Dutch town in a marshland, and how Queens was named after a Portuguese royal who helped popularize tea in England. We also look into how The Bronx got its “The” from a Swedish settler’s farm, and how Staten Island was named after the Dutch parliament. Along the way, I explain the difference between the words "borough" and "neighborhood," and what place names can teach us about history. If you're interested in New York City, place name origins, U.S. history, Native American culture, or even fun language facts, this is the video for you.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 New York City's Boroughs 00:11 But What is a Borough?? 00:37 Etymology of Borough vs Neighbour 01:14 Which Are New York City's Five Boroughs? 01:40 Let's get to 900K! 01:49 Manhattan: A Native American Name? 04:46 Try Therapy with Betterhelp 06:01 Brooklyn: A Small Town in the Netherlands? 07:20 Counties vs Boroughs, & Their Meanings 08:04 Queens: A Portuguese Queen? 08:33 The Bronx: Some Swedish Guy? 10:14 Staten Island: The Dutch Parliament Name? 11:28 Etymology is so cool 12:22 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Lithuania Owns a Part of Belarus (Dieveniškės Explained)General Knowledge2025-04-18 | Use COUPON CODE GK51 for 51% OFF Any Yearly Membership to World Anvil: worldanvil.com/?c=GK51
In this video I explore why Lithuania controls a strange enclave that extends deep into Belarus, known as Dieveniškės. This unusual border has a rich backstory tied to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and later, the Second Polish Republic and the Soviet Union. After being assigned to the Byelorussian SSR in 1939, the area was transferred to the Lithuanian SSR in 1940 - partly due to local Lithuanian officials lobbying for the change based on the area's ethnic makeup and historical ties although a local legend claims Stalin’s smoking pipe accidentally shaped the border during a meeting, and no one dared to move it off the map, drawing around it. Today, Dieveniškės remains Lithuanian and might be a good introduction into a potential claim for Lithuania's territorial expansion into the rest of the Vilnius region - now ruled by Belarus - but historically their territory.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Lithuania's (Not So) Strange Border 01:15 The Origins of Dieveniškės 02:02 The Grand Duchy of Lithuania 02:36 Old Jewish Population 03:13 The Partitions of Poland-Lithuania 03:37 Interwar Lithuania & Poland 04:01 German & Soviet Occupations During WW2 04:39 WorldAnvil 06:17 Soviet Population Displacements & Belorussian Annexation 06:28 How Dieveniškės Became Lithuanian Again 08:03 Transfer of the Territory 09:09 How Is It Today? 10:05 A Town Where Time Stands Still? 10:18 And... It's Inhabited By Polish People? 10:43 Previous Polish Occupation of Vilnius 11:47 Should Lithuania Regain ALL of Vilnius? 13:00 Summary & Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeThe Origin & Meaning Of European Country NamesGeneral Knowledge2025-04-11 | Take the quiz to find your perfect trainer and get 14 days of free training here: go.trainwell.net/GeneralKnowledge
In this video I explore the origin and meaning of every European country's name, from Portugal to Ukraine. You’ll learn about the Celtic roots of Ireland, why Germany has so many names, how France got its name from a Germanic tribe, and why Finland is called Suomi. I also dive into cool facts like how Malta means “honey”, Austria means “Eastern realm”, and Bosnia might just mean “running water”. We cover endonyms vs exonyms, ancient tribes, mythological figures, Latin, Greek, Celtic, and Slavic roots, and even some surprising Star Wars connections. Perfect if you love linguistics, European history, etymology, or just want to know what country names really mean.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 A remake, 3 years later 00:28 Portugal 00:59 Ireland 01:33 Wales 02:14 Scotland 02:34 England 02:45 Britain 02:59 Spain 03:22 France 04:25 Trainwell 06:29 Andorra 07:12 Monaco 07:38 Belgium 08:04 Netherlands 08:36 Germany 09:30 Switzerland 10:19 Luxembourg 10:38 Liechtenstein 11:05 Italy 11:45 San Marino 12:02 Vatican City 12:41 Malta 12:54 Denmark 13:20 Norway 13:53 Sweden 14:22 Finland 14:45 Iceland 14:50 Austria 15:14 Slovenia & Slovakia 16:04 Czechia 16:23 Hungary 16:55 Poland 17:15 Bosnia & Herzegovina 17:57 Croatia 18:22 Serbia 18:38 Montenegro 18:59 Kosovo 19:07 Albania 19:30 North Macedonia 19:45 Greece 20:09 Bulgaria 20:34 Romania 20:50 Moldova 21:06 Ukraine 21:27 Belarus 22:00 Russia 22:25 Georgia 22:46 Armenia 23:10 Azerbaijan 23:33 Türkiye 24:27 Summary 24:41 Trainwell Endroll 25:10 Moomin Cup
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Bornholm Is Danish & Not German, Swedish or PolishGeneral Knowledge2025-04-04 | Going to therapy is a sign of strength, not weakness. BetterHelp makes therapy simple, with 10% off your first month to help you get started: betterhelp.com/generalknowledge (In paid partnership with BetterHelp)
In this video, I explore the fascinating history of Bornholm, a small island in the Baltic Sea that, despite being closer to Sweden, Germany, and Poland, remains part of Denmark. I break down why Bornholm has been so important throughout history, from its Viking-era independence to its time under Danish, Swedish, and even German Hanseatic rule. I also cover the island’s role in the wars between Denmark and Sweden, the local rebellion against Swedish rule, and its occupation during World War II. Even during the Cold War, Bornholm found itself in a unique position behind the Iron Curtain. By understanding Bornholm’s past, we uncover the reasons why this island is still Danish today.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What is Bornholm? 02:06 Patreon Mention 02:22 Etymology & Connection With Burgundy 02:55 Vikings, Slavs & Early Danish Conquest 03:58 BetterHelp Offer 05:01 Temporary Rule by Lübeck & The Hanseatic League 06:11 Bornholm's Role in Danish Succession Battles 07:35 Danish-Swedish Wars 08:11 Swedish Takeover of the Island 09:00 Borholm's Revolt Against the Swedish 09:35 Return to Danish Control 10:06 German Occupation During WW2 10:20 Soviet Liberation & Role in the Cold War 11:40 Strategic Baltic Location in Modern Times 11:52 Summary
#GeneralKnowledgeEvery Proposed American State That Didnt ExistGeneral Knowledge2025-03-28 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
In this video, I explore 37 states that almost existed in the United States but never made it. From Jefferson, which nearly split from California and Oregon, to the massive Deseret, proposed by Mormon settlers, these regions once fought for statehood but failed. Some, like Lincoln (Eastern Washington & Idaho Panhandle) and Superior (Michigan’s Upper Peninsula), wanted independence due to political neglect. Others, like Sequoyah (Native American state in Oklahoma) and Navajo (Four Corners region), aimed to preserve a specific cultural identity. I also cover states that would have changed U.S. history from the very beginning - like Franklin (East Tennessee), which nearly became a state in the 1780s, or Texlahoma (Texas-Oklahoma border region), an attempt to merge parts of two states. Some proposals, like Forgottonia (Illinois), were more of a protest, while Chicago, Long Island, and South Florida all had serious pushes to separate due to economic differences.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Could There Be 87 US States?! 00:39 'Lost States' Book 01:39 Old Map Of Rejected States 03:23 A (Small) Detailed Look At Each 03:36 Lincoln 04:08 Greater Idaho 04:18 Jefferson 04:54 South California 05:20 Nataqua 05:46 Mormon State of Deseret 06:22 A Third (Lost) Dakota 07:02 Navajo 07:40 Montezuma 08:16 Chippewa 08:33 Absaroka 09:00 Greater Minnesota 09:31 Superior 09:51 Chicago 10:20 Forgottonia 10:37 West Kansas 10:57 Texlahoma 11:21 Sequoyah 11:50 Jacinto 12:02 South Texas 12:25 Yazoo 13:04 West & South Florida 13:41 Transoconee 13:59 Transylvania 14:26 Vandalia/Westsylvania 15:03 Washington in... Ohio? 15:35 Franklin 15:57 Nickjack 16:19 Potomac/Washington DC 16:50 South Jersey 16:54 Wyoming in... Pennsylvania? 17:21 Chesapeake 17:29 Long Island 17:35 New Connecticut in... Ohio? 17:56 Acadia 18:16 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy So Few People Live Outside Of Mongolias CapitalGeneral Knowledge2025-03-21 | Going to therapy is a sign of strength, not weakness. BetterHelp makes therapy simple, with 10% off your first month to help you get started: betterhelp.com/generalknowledge (In paid partnership with BetterHelp)
In this video I explore why Mongolia, despite being the world's largest landlocked nation at 1.5 million square kilometers, has a population of only 3.5 million people, resulting in the lowest population density globally at about 2 people per square kilometer. Understanding key factors such as the country's harsh terrain, dominated by mountains and the Gobi Desert, and its extreme climate with long, cold winters and short summers, making agriculture and permanent settlements very difficult. I also discuss Mongolia's rich nomadic culture, with approximately 30 to 40% of its population still leading traditional nomadic lifestyles, moving their yurts multiple times a year in search of better pastures for their livestock. Additionally, I examine historical influences, including periods of Chinese and Russian control, which have impacted population distribution, leading to a significant number of ethnic Mongols residing outside Mongolia's current borders - namely in China's Inner Mongolia region (which actually has more Mongols than Mongolia proper).
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 How Mongolia Is Empty 02:12 BetterHelp Partnership 03:36 The main causes behind desertification 04:06 The Terrain - Mountains & Deserts 05:26 Climate - Cold, Icy and Harsh 06:56 The Nomadic Lifestyle 08:11 Chinese Conquest & Soviet Influence 11:35 Patreon Credits 12:14 Mongolian Throat Singing
#GeneralKnowledgePortugals SUPER COLONY Plan (& Why It Failed)General Knowledge2025-03-14 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
In this video, I explore Portugal’s ambitious plan in the 1880s to create a massive African super colony by connecting Angola and Mozambique. Known as the "Pink Map," this proposal aimed to link the Atlantic and Indian Oceans under Portuguese control. However, the British, pursuing their own Cape-to-Cairo railway vision, rejected Portugal’s claim, leading to a diplomatic crisis. The other European Powers, present at the Berlin Conference of 1884 also refused Portuguese claims as they failed to meet the criteria of de facto occupation and administration of the territory. After continuing to pursue the idea, the British ultimatum of 1890 humiliated Portugal and contributed to the eventual fall of its monarchy. By learning about this and exploring an hypothetical or alternative history scenario where they would have succeeded, we are able to understand the historical context of the time, learn about the key explorers of the region, European colonial rivalries, and the long-term consequences of Portugal’s failed plan. What if Portugal had succeeded? Would it have changed African history or even preserved the Portuguese monarchy?
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Portugal's 'Super Colony' Plan 00:20 Portugal as the First European Colonizer 00:59 African Colonies of Angola and Mozambique 02:04 British Refusal of Portugal's plan 03:05 The Ultimatum & Collapse of Portugal's Monarchy 03:49 The Initial Idea of Connecting the Colonies 04:16 Why it was "Crazy" 05:06 Why they wanted to do it 05:28 Scientific Expeditions into the territory 06:05 Initial successful negotiations with the British 06:30 The Berlin Conference & criteria for colonization 07:57 Portugal's insistence on annexation 08:51 Why the British became upset 09:16 Britain's Ultimatum & Portuguese Humilliation 10:04 What if they had succeeded? 11:56 Patreon Credits 12:14 Moomin Cup
#GeneralKnowledgeEVERY European Country At Its GREATEST ExtentGeneral Knowledge2025-03-07 | 📲 Go to saily.com/Knowledge & use the code Knowledge to get an exclusive 15% off your first purchase.
In this video I take a look at the greatest extent of every European country reached its greatest. Finding out about their greatest territorial extent and how they eventually lost land over time, reaching their current borders. From Bulgaria's massive Balkan Empire to Austria's dominance under the Habsburgs; from France’s Napoleonic expansion to Poland-Lithuania’s one-million-square-kilometer reach. Some, like Albania and Hungary, lost large portions of their land through wars and treaties - such as the Treaty of Trianon, in Hungary's case. While others, like Andorra and Iceland, have always remained the same size. Not to mention the large examples of the old Swedish Empire, or Norway's medieval Kingdom that reached into northern Scotland.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 European Countries Used To be Bigger 00:21 Bulgaria 01:14 Albania 01:52 Kosovo 02:10 Andorra 02:25 Austria 03:25 Saily 04:45 Belarus 05:20 Belgium 06:03 Bosnia & Herzegovina 06:40 Croatia 07:11 Cyprus 07:49 Czechia 08:14 Denmark 08:52 Estonia & Latvia 09:25 Lithuania 09:43 Poland 10:14 Finland 10:38 France 11:11 Germany 11:50 Greece 12:12 North Macedonia 12:46 Hungary 13:17 Iceland 13:27 Ireland 13:46 Italy 14:23 Luxembourg 14:50 Malta 14:57 Moldova 15:16 Monaco 15:34 Montenegro 15:46 Netherlands 16:07 Norway 16:39 Portugal 16:58 Romania 17:20 Russia 17:31 San Marino 17:39 Serbia 18:19 Slovakia 18:40 Slovenia 19:08 Spain 20:07 Sweden 20:44 Switzerland 21:17 Ukraine 21:49 United Kingdom (& England) 22:29 Summary 22:40 Patreon Credits 23:12 Moomin Cup
#GeneralKnowledgeEuropean Countries That (Sadly) No Longer ExistGeneral Knowledge2025-02-28 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
In this video, I explore European countries that no longer exist and how they disappeared from history. From the Duchy of Carinthia, which was absorbed by the Habsburgs in 1335, to the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, a short-lived Austrian province split between Poland and Ukraine after WWII, many states once shaped the continent but later vanished. I also cover the Principality of Transylvania, which lost its autonomy under the Habsburgs, and the Kingdom of Majorca, annexed by Aragon in 1344. Other cases include Westphalia, a Napoleonic client state that collapsed in 1813, and the Duchy of Aquitaine, which was fully integrated into France in 1453. The Kingdom of the Suebi in Iberia fell to the Visigoths in 585 AD, while the Despotate of Epirus, a Byzantine successor state, was gradually taken over by larger powers. In the north, the Teutonic Order State was defeated and secularized in 1525, and the Gaelic kingdom of Dalriada merged into early Scotland by the 9th century. These vanished nations left cultural legacies, but shifting borders, wars, and political changes led to their disappearance.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Europe's Old Countries 00:30 Duchy of Carinthia 02:33 Kingdom of Galicia & Lodomeria 04:32 Principality of Transylvannia 06:30 Kingdom of Majorca 08:07 Kingdom of Westphalia 09:48 Duchy of Aquitaine 11:16 Suebian Kingdom 12:36 Dalriada 13:24 Despotate of Epirus 13:51 Teutonic Order State 15:26 Dalriada 16:29 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhy Nobody Lives In Japans Northern Island (Hokkaido)General Knowledge2025-02-21 | In this video I look into why Japan's northernmost island, Hokkaido, is home to only 5 million people despite its vast size - comparable to neighboring South Korea or Austria. Exploring the details of Japan’s unique population distribution as a whole, where a small percentage of the population resides in the expansive rural areas while major cities like Tokyo house millions. We'll understand Japan and Hokkaido's geographical challenges, and specifically the island's harsh climate, historical context (namely the forced integration of the native Ainu), and economic factors that contribute to its low population density and number compared to the rest of Japan.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Quick Answer 00:17 Japan's Population Density 00:55 Japan's Second Largest & Emptiest Island 01:39 General Knowledge Plushie Campaign 02:05 The Most & Least Populated Areas of Japan 02:56 The Impact of Geography/Topography 03:32 Economic Impact 03:50 Industrialization & Urbanization 04:50 Hokkaido's Size and Population 05:11 Hokkaido's Population Density 06:05 The Island's Terrain 06:20 Local Infrastructure 06:48 Cold Climate 07:44 Impact on Agriculture 08:20 Earthquakes, Volcanos, Natural Disasters 08:52 An Aging Population 09:09 Ainu Native People 09:41 Meiji Colonization of Hokkaido 10:20 Disappearance of Ainu Language & Religion 10:41 The Ainu People Today 11:39 But, Hokkaido Is Still Very Populous 12:17 Summary & Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeUnclaimed Territories You Could Start Your OWN COUNTRY InGeneral Knowledge2025-02-14 | Learn languages the fun way with Lingopie! 7-day free trial + 55% OFF yearly plan: learn.lingopie.com/generalknowledge
In this video I explore several unclaimed territories around the world where it could theoretically be possible to start your own country. These areas, known as "Terra Nullius" or "nobody's land," include places like Bir Tawil, a strip of land between Egypt and Sudan; Marie Byrd Land in Antarctica; and pockets of land along the Danube River between Croatia and Serbia. As well as an ice field in Southern Patagonia. Throughout the video I discuss the unique circumstances that have left these regions unclaimed, such as border disputes and international treaties, and consider the challenges one might face in establishing a new nation in these areas.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Start Your Own Country! 00:20 What Is 'Terra Nullius'? 00:44 Examples of Unclaimed Territories 01:10 Disputed Territories Nobody Cares About 01:31 Claimed Regions That Are Empty 02:17 Gornja Siga - Serbia & Croatia 04:17 Learn the languages of these territories! 05:46 Marie Byrd's Land - Antarctica 07:02 Bir Tawil and the Hala'ib Triangle - Egypt & Sudan 08:30 Southern Patagonia Ice Field - Chile & Argentina 09:42 Empty "Disputed" Territories Nobody Cares About 10:05 Machias Island - US & Canada 10:35 Rockall Island - UK, Ireland & Iceland 10:55 Nekojima Sandbar - Russia & Japan 11:27 Undisputed but still empty territories 11:38 Clipperton Island - France 12:04 Serranilla Bank - US, Colombia, Jamaica 12:27 Aouzou Strip - Chad 13:22 Patreon Credits 13:47 General Knowledge Plushies?!
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing North Americas Borders (& Making Everyone Upset)General Knowledge2025-02-07 | 🌏 Get NordVPN 2Y plan + 4 months free here: nordvpn.com/knowledge It’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee!
In this video I explore the idea that North America has too few countries and propose a series of hypothetical border changes and creation of new independent nations. Starting with Canada, I suggest the independence of Quebec, which would include Newfoundland and Labrador due to geographical considerations. I then propose the formation of an independent New England, comprising U.S. states like Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, along with Canadian provinces New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island (plus that little piece of Quebec I forgot about). To balance territorial changes, I envision Alaska becoming part of Canada. Moving to the West Coast, I discuss the creation of the Republic of Cascadia, uniting parts of Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. I also consider an independent California, extending into Mexican Baja California, and the establishment of a sovereign Native American state in Oklahoma. In the Caribbean, I propose a union of all islands into a Caribbean Union, fostering cooperation and shared governance. For Mexico, I suggest the reestablishment of the Republic of Yucatan and the Republic of Rio Grande, potentially uniting with an independent Texas. Finally, I advocate for the revival of the United Provinces of Central America, excluding Panama, to promote regional unity.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Fixing North America's Borders 00:40 Disclaimer 00:47 Hawaii 00:53 Greenland 01:09 Canada 01:18 Independent Quebec 01:46 Newfoundland & Labrador 02:14 New England 03:03 Canadian Annexation of Alaska 04:49 Cascadia 05:48 The United States 06:15 Republic of California 06:55 Loss of American Pacific Territories 07:20 Texas, Great Lakes, Deseret 07:52 Native American Oklahoma 08:19 A Caribbean Union 09:19 Mexico 09:40 Yucatan Republic 10:10 Chiapas 10:26 Rio Grande Republic 10:47 Joint Texan Rio Grande Republic 11:11 Greater Guatemala + Belize? 11:23 Reunited Provinces of Central America 11:56 Panama 12:17 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeWhat If There Were MORE Nordic Countries?General Knowledge2025-01-31 | Go to https://mondly.app/generalknowledge to get 96% off lifetime access to 41 languages and start learning today.
In this video I explore the concept: "What if the Nordic world had more than just five countries? Going into the possibility of new Nordic nations - Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Karelia, Svalbard, and even a Sámi state joining the current countries of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Iceland as sovereign nations. Greenland is already on the path to independence, but a desire from the United States to buy and annex it might put it into question. The Faroe Islands have their own strong identity, but could they stand on their own being so small? And what about Karelia, a region once part of Finland, now in Russia - could it break away and return to its Nordic roots? Then there’s Svalbard, where anyone can move and work freely - could it become the world’s most unique independent country? And finally, what if the Indigenous Sámi people had their own nation across their native territories?
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 What if there were MORE Nordic Countries? 00:59 Greenland 02:52 Mondly 04:26 Greenland Continuation 06:23 Faroe Islands 09:28 Karelia 12:59 Svalbard 15:51 Sami 17:18 Summary
#GeneralKnowledgeCountries That Exist WITHOUT TerritoryGeneral Knowledge2025-01-24 | Try Cliovis today & build your own timeline for free: cliovis.com/pricing PLUS get a 50% discount using the code GK50 to get the full paid version.
And check out Cliovis' Youtube channel here: @cliovis9344
In this video, I explore the interesting concept of "Countries Without Borders," highlighting entities that operate with sovereignty and governance despite lacking control over defined territories. From the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, a centuries-old organization issuing passports and maintaining diplomatic relations, to the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, an Indigenous governance system influencing democratic ideals and asserting sovereignty. I also discuss the Red Cross, a neutral humanitarian network with a special status under international law, and the Tibetan Government in Exile, which preserves Tibetan identity and advocates for its people. Watch to learn how these examples redefine sovereignty and nationhood and how they could, arguably, be called "Countries Without Territory"
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Countries Without Borders 01:06 Cliovis 02:25 Sovereign Military Order of Malta 05:15 Haudenosaunee / Iroquois Confederacy 07:37 Red Cross International 09:36 Tibetan Government In Exile 11:54 Patreon Credits 12:12 ClioVis Endroll
#GeneralKnowledgeThe Old Names Of AFRICAN Countries (& Why They Changed)General Knowledge2025-01-17 | Download Raid ➡️ t2m.io/GeneralKnowledge to get 2 Legendaries + 2 Epic heroes 💥 available via my link and for new players only ✅ 1 - Epic Ultimate Galek from the start ✅ 2 - Epic Fayne from the level 15th ✅ 3 - Legendary ALICE THE WANDERER by logging into RAID on 7 days by March 26th ✅ 4 - Legendary SUN WUKONG via promo code MONKEYKING ⚡️ available by February 7th
In this video, I explore the history behind the old names of African countries and how they changed over time. I discuss Abyssinia, a name rooted in the Arabic term "Al-Habash," and its transition to Ethiopia, reflecting an ancient Greek origin tied to its biblical legacy. I also cover Ghana, formerly the Gold Coast under colonial rule, renamed to honor the ancient Ghana Empire, and Zimbabwe, known as Rhodesia during British colonization, later adopting its native name referencing the Great Zimbabwe ruins. Describing how Burkina Faso transitioned from Upper Volta, a colonial name tied to the Volta River, to a name meaning "Land of Incorruptible People." Understanding how The Congo's name evolved from Zaire, derived from a Kikongo word meaning "river," while Benin replaced Dahomey, drawing inspiration from the historic Benin Kingdom. Learning how Eswatini and Lesotho returned to native names from colonial ones, Swaziland and Basutoland, respectively. And finally getting into how Namibia shed its colonial - and overly descriptive - South West Africa name, adopting one inspired by the Namib desert. PLus how Tanzania combined Tanganyika and Zanzibar, with roots in Swahili and Persian words.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Africa and its Country Names 00:27 Abyssinia to Ethiopia 02:04 Raid 04:09 Gold Coast to Ghana 05:56 Rhodesia to Zimbabwe 07:55 Upper Volta to Burkina Faso 09:02 Kongo to Zaire to Congo 10:03 Dahomey to Benin 12:03 Swaziland to Eswatini 12:28 Basutoland to Lesotho 12:50 South West Africa to Namibia 13:23 Tanganyika & Zanzibar to Tanzania 14:06 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing South Americas Borders (And Making Brazil Upset)General Knowledge2025-01-10 | ❤️ Become a member on Patreon & get your name in the credits + exclusive content! patreon.com/generalknowledge
In this video I try to fixing South America's borders by redisigning them. Doing this, I try to address historical disputes, indigenous claims, and sometimes just aesthetical issues or hypothetical scenarios. I restore Bolivia's sea access by reclaiming part of Chile's coast and grant land to the Mapuche people for their own state or autonomous region. I adjust Chile and Argentina's borders to reflect these changes and also somewhat improve territorial continuity along the coast. I propose an independent Amazonian Republic from Brazil's northern states to protect the rainforest, while southern Brazil would gain independence through its separatist movement too. I unite the historical Guianas into one nation, reducing Venezuela's size, and tweak Argentina’s borders by awarding a panhandle to Paraguay while leaving Uruguay unchanged. I explore native independence movements, like Qullasuyu in Peru's south, and maintain Ecuador, Colombia, and the Falkland Islands' statuses. Moving away from my burning desire as a Portuguese man to simply restore the borders of the Treaty of Tordesillas.
00:00 Preview 00:10 A return to the Treaty of Tordesillas? 00:43 South America Has Less Disputes Than Europe or Asia 01:14 Bolivia 01:51 Chile 02:06 An Independent Mapuche Country 03:12 A Free Patagonia? 03:57 Argentina 04:23 Paraguay 04:32 The Falkland Islands Dispute 05:14 Uruguay 05:40 Independent Southern Brazil 06:56 Free Amazonian Republic 08:16 An Independent Northeast Brazil? 08:41 United Guyanan States 09:56 Venezuela 10:03 Colombia 11:09 Peru 12:55 Ecuador 13:45 Overview 14:43 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeThe Old Names Of ASIAN Countries (& Why They Changed)General Knowledge2025-01-03 | Follow me on Instagram to keep up with more interesting things: instagram.com/genknowledge
In this video, I explore the historical evolution of country names in Asia, focusing on Iran (formerly Persia and Parthia), Lebanon (once Phoenicia), Vietnam (previously Champa), Thailand (formerly Siam), Sri Lanka (known as Ceylon), Myanmar (formerly Burma), Taiwan (once called Formosa), Yemen (including the Aden Protectorate), Iraq (historically Mesopotamia), and Jordan (formerly Transjordan). I discuss the meanings behind these old names, the reasons for their changes, and how they transformed into the modern names we use today.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Historical Country Names Can Be Complicated 00:15 Intro 00:40 Parthia to Persia to Iran 02:47 Phoenicia to Lebanon 04:36 Champa / Dai Viet to Vietnam 06:27 Siam to Thailand 07:46 Ceylon to Sri Lanka 08:52 Burma to Myanmar 09:45 Formosa to Taiwan 10:44 Aden to Yemen 11:37 Mesopotamia to Iraq 12:51 Transjordan to Jordan 13:45 Overview 14:07 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeThe Old Names Of European Countries (& Why They Changed)General Knowledge2024-12-27 | Learn languages the fun way with Lingopie! 7-day free trial + 55% OFF yearly plan: learn.lingopie.com/general_knowledge
In this video, I explore the history of European countries and/or regions that have undergone name changes, focusing on seven examples: Bohemia - now Czechia, Dacia - Romania, Livonia - Latvia / Estonia, Caledonia - Scotland, Ruthenia - Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Castille - Spain, and Illyria - Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, Bosnia, Croatia. I explore the origins of these historical names, often rooted in ancient tribes or geographical features, and discuss the cultural, political, and historical factors that led to their transformation into the modern names we recognize today. For instance, Bohemia's transition to Czechia reflects a unification of regions and a desire for a name representing all Czech lands. Similarly, Dacia's evolution into Romania signifies the region's Roman heritage.
Timestamps: 00:00 Europe's Old Names 00:45 Countries or Regions? 01:24 Bohemia to Czechia 03:43 Learning Languages 05:44 Dacia to Romania 07:33 Livonia to Latvia 09:08 Caledonia to Scotland 09:52 Ruthenia to Ukraine? 11:13 Castille to Spain 12:22 Illyria to Croatia? 14:00 Summary 14:26 Patreon Credits
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing Africas Borders As A European (Im Sorry)General Knowledge2024-12-20 | 👉 To try everything Brilliant has to offer for free for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/GeneralKnowledge or scan the QR code onscreen—or you can click on the link in the description. You’ll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
In this video, I take on the ambitious challenge of redrawing Africa’s borders, aiming to address historical and ethnic complexities. Starting with Morocco, I propose changes like annexing the Spanish Plazas de Soberanía, creating a Sahrawi Republic, and splitting Western Sahara between the Polisario Front and Morocco. I envision a Free Tuareg Nation spanning Libya, Algeria, Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Nigeria, while also recognizing Kabyle independence in Algeria. Libya gets divided into East and West, with the Tuareg region becoming part of the new nation. Sudan sees the creation of an independent Darfur, and I resolve its border disputes with Egypt. I suggest new nations like Oromia, Amhara, and Tigray in Ethiopia, while unifying Somalia with Eastern Ethiopia’s Somali regions and officially recognizing Somaliland. I highlight the East African Federation, made up of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, as a potential superpower. In Zambia, I propose an independent Barotseland, while Namibia’s Caprivi Strip gets annexed to this new nation. Lesotho and Eswatini are absorbed into South Africa, and Angola’s Cabinda becomes a city-state. In Nigeria, I grant independence to Biafra, while Ambazonia breaks away from Cameroon. The Sahel Confederation combines parts of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso into a united entity. I also consider splitting North and South Kivu in the DRC, creating a Tibesti state in Chad, and addressing movements like Casamance in Senegal and Western Togoland in Ghana.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Preview 00:10 A European Drawing Africa's Borders 01:09 Patreon 01:24 Criteria for changes 01:49 Morocco & Sahrawi 02:36 A Free Tuareg State 03:23 Algeria & Kabylie 04:13 Brilliant 06:12 Mali & Azawad 06:53 Mauritania 07:14 Tunisia 07:19 Libya & Tripoli 08:13 Egypt, Hala'ib Triangle & Bir Tawil 08:44 Sudan, South Sudan & Darfur 09:07 Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia 09:25 Djibouti & Afar 09:44 Tigray Independence 10:03 Annexation of East Ethiopia by Somalia 10:15 Independent Somaliland 10:24 Smaller or Collapsed Ethiopia? (Oromi & Amara) 10:48 East African Federation (Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda,Tanzania and Uganda) 11:23 East African Coast Islands (Comoros, Mauritius, Reunion, Mayotte, Madagascar, Seychelles) 11:43 Namibia, Malawi, Zambia, Botswana and Zimbabwe 12:04 Independent Barotseland 12:39 South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho 13:06 Mozambique 13:36 Angola, Independent Cabinda 14:03 Democratic Republic of the Congo 14:15 Independent Kivu Provinces 14:24 Congo 14:27 Gabon 14:36 Equatorial Guinea & São Tomé e Principe 14:40 Central African Republic 14:50 Chad & an Independent Tibesti 15:05 Sahel Confederation (Niger, Burkina Faso, Mali) 15:39 Cameroon, Independent Ambazonia 15:50 Nigeria, Biafra, & a potential North/South Division 16:29 Benin, Togo, Ghana, West Togoland 16:51 Côte D’Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Guiné-Bissau, The Gambia, Senegal, Cabo Verde 17:00 Potential Return of SeneGambia 17:13 Casamance Separatism in Senegal 17:23 Summary 18:05 Patreon Credits 18:23 Outro
#GeneralKnowledgeFixing Asias Borders (& Making Even More People Upset)General Knowledge2024-12-13 | Try Cliovis today & build your own timeline for free: cliovis.com/pricing PLUS get a 50% discount using the code GK50 to get the full paid version.
In this episode of General Knowledge, I reimagine Asia’s borders, following the same concept as my Europe video (youtube.com/watch?v=CX83aqZiugA). This scenario is purely fictional, made only for fun and reflection on how current borders could hypothetically evolve. Starting with Cyprus, I suggest reunification of the island, moving on to Turkey, where I introduce a united Kurdistan spanning parts of Turkey, Syria, Iraq, and Iran. The Caucasus sees Armenia annexing Nakhichevan and Georgia reclaiming Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Iran loses its Kurdish and Azerbaijani-majority regions, with Azerbaijan gaining significant territory. In the Middle East, I propose a reimagined Syria, a two-state solution for Israel and Palestine, a partition of Yemen, and a union between Jordan and Iraq's Sunni areas. Central Asia is transformed into a Turkic federation, while Afghanistan and Pakistan are reorganized into ethnic states like Pashtunistan and Balochistan. India sees the independence of regions like Kashmir and a united Bengal. For China, I mention the recognition of an independent Taiwan, plus a return to independence for Tibet, with a free Uyghuristan as well, and an expanded Mongolia. Korea unifies, Japan loses its Ainu regions, and Southeast Asia largely remains stable, with minor changes like a sovereign Rohingya state and a Papuan nation.
TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 'Fixing' Asia's Borders 00:33 Disclaimer 00:50 Patrons' Suggestions 01:05 Cyprus / Northern Cyprus 01:29 Turkey 01:46 Kurdistan 02:08 Armenia 02:40 Azerbaijan 02:45 Georgia 02:53 Iran 03:02 Azerbaijan Expansion Into Iran 03:22 ClioVis - Build a Timeline! 04:29 European Drawing Middle East Borders 04:40 Syria 05:10 Lebanon 05:20 Palestine & Israel 05:46 Jordan + Western (Sunii) Iraq 06:04 Eastern (Shia) Iraq 06:17 Kuwait 06:29 Saudi Arabia 06:44 Hedjaz 07:11 Qatar, UAE, Oman 07:45 Partition Of Yemen 08:20 Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgysztan 09:11 Afghanistan & Pakistan 10:12 India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka 11:17 China, Taiwan, Tibet, Uyghuristan, Mongolia 12:12 North & South Korea, Japan 12:47 Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia 13:05 Thailand, Myanmar, Rohingya 13:34 Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei 13:54 Philippines 14:09 An Indonesian Federation 14:30 Summary 15:03 Patreon Credits 15:29 Today's cup