The Latin Case System song HI PAWS 2019-09-08 | This covers the main six cases and their primary functions. This is by no means an exhaustive list of the different uses of every case, but it's a solid foundation. support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com[LYRICS]The nominative is for the subject of the verb The subject is the noun that does the verb Or if the verb is passive then the subject Has the verb done to it Rex vocat, the king calls or rex vocatur the king is called In both sentences rex is nominative because the subject is the king The genitive is for possession of another noun And we translate it with the word “of” Or with an “s” and an apostrophe oculi reginae are the eyes of the queen here oculi is nominative and reginae is genitive Because they are the queen’s eyes The dative is for the indirect object And we translate it using the words “to or for” You can often expect a dative with a verb like to give or to say donum amico do I give a gift to my friend Or hoc tibi dico I am saying this to you Amico and tibi are each dative as an indirect object The accusative is for the direct object of the verb Or the thing that receives the action of the verb It’s also used as the object of prepositions that take the accusative Like canem video I see the dog where canem is accusative because it’s the direct object of video And in casam festino I hurry into the house where casam is accusative because it's the object of the preposition in The ablative is not like other cases Because of how many uses it has The ablative is used for the object of prepositions that take the ablative: But if there is no preposition just remember that you can translate it using FWIB From with in/on or by Ab urbe ambulo I walk from the city oculis te video I see you with my eyes ex umbris out of the shadows De monte down from the mountain The vocative is used for talking directly to someone or something The thing that you call them will be in the vocative case Te amo amice I love you my friend Where amice is vocative because I’m calling you my friend And I am telling you that my feeling for you is love#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
uses of quam HI PAWS 2024-10-20 | what's up with "quam"??Download a high quality version of the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/uses-of-quamSupport me on Patreon!patreon.com/c/HIPAWSLYRICS:Quam can mean “how” with an adverb or adjectiveQuam can mean “than” with a comparativeQuam can mean “as _____ as possible” with a superlativeQuam can mean “as” in a correlativeQuam’s part of words expressing time that’s relativeQuam can be a form of the relative pronoun or interrogative adjectiveQuam can mean “how”Quam can mean “than”Quam can mean “as _____ as possible”Quam can mean “as”Quam can mean “after” or “before”Quam can mean “whom” or “which”Look at the contextto see if there’s a “tam” or an “ante” or a “prius” or a “postLook at the contextto see if there’s a comparative or a superlativeand if quam is introducing its own clauseQuam laetus es– How happy you are!Sciō mē esse laetiōrem quam tū esse– I know that I am happier than youQuam laetissimē cantāmus– We sing as happily as possibleTam laetē tū cantās quam ego– You sing as happily as I doQuam pelliculam spectās?– Which video are you watching?Pelliculam quam spectās laetē fēcī– I have happily made the video that you are watchingPostquam felēs conspexī, laetē cantāvī– After I caught sight of the cats, I happily sang
ablative absolute HI PAWS 2023-12-03 | what's up with the ablative absolute in Latin?Reading Caesar? Or encountering this construction elsewhere? This video covers how to recognize, understand, and translate the ablative absolute. For a very helpful explanatory video without music or dancing, check out latintutorial's ablative absolute video:youtube.com/watch?v=dsZQf_jjEVISupport me on Patreon! I make these songs and videos on my own, and I appreciate any and all support. patreon.com/HIPAWSDownload/stream a high quality version of this song (and any of my other songs)hipaws.bandcamp.comLYRICSA noun and a participle in the ablative case, giving conditions in which the sentence takes place. Ablative absolute.The words are removed from the grammar of the sentence. Take them away and the sentence still makes sense.Ablative absolute.But they give a little bit of context for the action of the sentence.Ablative absolute.The perfect passive participle is common to see. In fact, it’s used most commonly.Ablative absolute.A literal translation of these words is “with the [noun] having been [verb]ed.”Ablative absolute.sōle ā caelō ereptō (with the sun having been removed from the sky)tristis eram (I was sad)fēlibus prope dormientibus (with the cats sleeping nearby)Magister laetus erat (the teacher was glad)litterīs acceptīs (with the letter having been received)gaudēmus (we rejoice)hāc pelliculā perfectā (with this video having been completed)vocem audītis (you hear my voice)The ablative absolute can also be translated with “when,” “since,” or “because.” In other words, the ablative absolute can have a temporal, causal, or concessive meaning. Just infer the relationship between it and the action of the main verb.
how to tell a nouns declension in Latin HI PAWS 2023-11-29 | How can you tell what declension a Latin noun is?patreon.com/HIPAWShipaws.bandcamp.comCORRECTION1:11 puellās should be identified as plural, not singular. Festinā lente! LYRICSWhen you look at the dictionary and you look up a noun, they give you two forms: the nominative and the genitive, as well as the gender. That second form - the genitive - that tells you what declension the noun is. –ae is 1st (but that’s -ae as in the letters -ae, not the letter -i)– ī is 2nd (but that’s the letter -ī, not the letter -e)So, – ae is 1st– ī is 2nd– is is 3rd– ūs is 4th– eī is 5th declension– ae is 1st– ī is 2nd– is is 3rd– ūs is 4th– eī is 5th declensionIf you know a noun’s declension, you’ll know what endings it will be using, and then you can know a given form’s case and meaning, and then you can understand what you’re hearing or reading. But if you don’t know a noun’s declension, you’ll probably find things pretty confusing because you won’t really know what you’re doing, and you’ll always be grasping for meaning.#latinlanguage #grammar #educationalvideo #rome
sequence of tenses in Latin HI PAWS 2023-11-27 | Why is that subjunctive verb present tense? Why isn't that imperfect subjunctive verb translated like an imperfect indicative verb? patreon.com/HIPAWShipaws.bandcamp.comLYRICSThe sequence of tenses dictates the tense of the subjunctive verb in the subordinate clause, relative to the time of the indicative verb in the main clause.Primary sequence deals with the present and the future time.Secondary sequence deals with the past.In the primary sequence, if you have a present tense subjunctive it doesn't mean it's happening now. It means that it's happening at the same time or after the action of the indicative verb in the main clause. In other words, it represents an action that hasn't yet been completed in the time of the sentence. A perfect tense subjunctive means that the action has been completed. Similar for the imperfect and pluperfect in secondary sequence: the imperfect subjunctive represents an action that hasn't yet been completed and the pluperfect represents an action that has. Interesting fact about the perfect tense: you'll see that it's in both sequences. That's because in Latin there's the true perfect, like with "have" or "has," like "I have fallen" or "he has eaten," which has some bearing on the present time. Or there's the aorist, which just happened in the past, the simple past, "I fell," "he ate." That's secondary sequence.#latinlanguage #grammar #educationalvideo #rome
Latin 1st conjugation verb paradigm: all indicative and subjunctive forms HI PAWS 2023-11-19 | Learn these and you'll know how to conjugate all 1st conjugation verbs. patreon.com/HIPAWShipaws.bandcamp.comI review the forms in the following order:All 1st person sg active forms in the present system, then the corresponding passive forms in the present system. Then likewise in the perfect system. Pay attention to when the stem changes (i.e. a different principal part is used for the main part of the verb). It's color-coded in the video! This order can help reinforce the personal endings, as well as the stem changes. #latinlanguage #grammar #educationalvideo #rome
all indicative forms of sum HI PAWS 2023-11-13 | patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/all-indicative-forms-of-sumLyricsPres. Impf. Fut. Pf. Plupf. Fut Pf.sum eram erō fuī fueram fuerōes erās eris fuistī fuerās fuerasest erat erit fuit fuerat fueritsumus erāmus erimus fuimus fuerāmus fuerimusestis erātis eritis fuistis fuerātis fueritissunt erant erunt fuērunt fuerant fuerint#chanting #latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
ferō fers fert ferimus fertis ferunt (Latin irregular verb) HI PAWS 2023-11-06 | Support me on patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload the track: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/fero-ferre-present-tenseI'm learning how to use a green screen!Lyrics:ferofersfertferimusfertisferuntfero, ferre, tuli, latumtake out the "I"#educationalvideo #latinlanguage #grammar #rome
present of sum (just the cats) HI PAWS 2023-05-12 | Want to hear the present forms of "sum, esse" while gazing lovingly at two cats, with no human faces or text to distract you? You've come to the right place. patreon.com/HIPAWShipaws.bandcamp.com/track/present-of-sumA simple songLyrics:sumesestsumusestissuntthe verb "to be"I amyou arehe/she/it iswe areyou (all) arethey are#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #cats
Latin: present forms of sum, esse HI PAWS 2023-05-12 | Support me on patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload the track: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/present-of-sumA simple songLyrics:sumesestsumusestissuntthe verb "to be"I amyou arehe/she/it iswe areyou (all) arethey are#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Latin 3rd declension neuter noun endings HI PAWS 2023-01-23 | In case you don't want to just follow the neuter rules...Download the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/3rd-declension-neuter-noun-endingsSupport me: patreon.com/HIPAWSLYRICS:SINGULARNom. ----Gen. -isDat. -īAcc. ----Abl. -ePLURALNom. -aGen. -umDat. -ibusAcc. -aAbl. -ibusThird declension neuter nouns follow the neuter rules.Some third declension nouns end in -us in the nominative singular, which means they look 2nd declension, but they aren't. They also end in -us in the accusative singular because they follow the neuter rules. A noun like vulnus, vulneris is "vulnere" in the ablative singular, which makes it look like an infinitive. But it's not a verb. It's a 3rd declension neuter noun!#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Catullus 51 – an ancient Roman poem about lovesickness (and having too much free time) HI PAWS 2022-03-13 | Support HI PAWS: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/catullus-51Check out another great musical version of this poem:youtube.com/watch?v=mwBEfkIgJiwThis poem, which describes the physical effects of love, was written by the Roman poet, Catullus. The first three stanzas are adapted from a poem by the Greek poet Sappho. In the fourth stanza, Catullus addresses himself and blames his problems on having too much free time. Ille mi par esse deo videtur,ille, si fas est, superare divosqui sedens adversus identidem tespectat et auditdulce ridentem, misero quod omniseripit sensus mihi: nam simul te,Lesbia, adspexi, nihil est super mi[vocis in ore]lingua sed torpet, tenuis sub artusflamma demanat, sonitu suoptetintinant aures, gemina tegunturlumina nocte.otium, Catulle, tibi molestum est:otio exsultas nimiumque gestis.otium et reges prius et beatasperdidit urbes.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #poetry
Good luck on the National Latin Exam (for Mr. Saltzs 3rd period Latin 2 class) HI PAWS 2022-03-12 | A very specific message for a very specific audience.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar
UNUS NAUTA (Latin pronominal adjectives) HI PAWS 2021-12-05 | This video reviews the mnemonic acronym UNUS NAUTA and the 9 irregular adjectives it stands for: ūnus, -a -umnullus, -a, -umullus, -a, -umsōlus, -a, -umneuter, -a, -umalter, -a, -umuter, -a, -umtōtus, -a, -umalius, -a, -udSupport HI PAWS: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/unus-nauta-pronominal-adjectivesFor more helpful explanation and description of these words, their usage, and their meaning, check out latintutorial: youtube.com/watch?v=jMFcKMmSM7E&t=33s#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Latin numbers HI PAWS 2020-12-13 | Count with me.Support HI PAWS: patreon.com/HIPAWSDownload this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/latin-numbers1= unus, -a, -um 2 = duo, duae, duo 3 = trēs, tria 4 = quattuor 5 = quīnque 6 = sex 7 = septem 8 = octō 9 = novem 10 = decem 20 = vīgintī 30 = trīgintā 40 = quadrāgintā 50 = quīnquāgintā 100 = centum 1000 = milleNOTE: 1, 2, and 3 all decline. The other numbers don't decline.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Aeneid 2.526-558 – The Death of Priam, with synth HI PAWS 2020-11-21 | English translation in subtitles.Composed, performed, recorded, and edited by me. Help me make more videos by supporting HI PAWS: patreon.com/HIPAWSDownload this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/aeneid-2526-558-the-death-of-priamLYRICS (by Publius Vergilius Maro):Ecce autem elapsus Pyrrhi de caede Polites,unus natorum Priami, per tela, per hostisporticibus longis fugit et vacua atria lustratsaucius. illum ardens infesto vulnere Pyrrhusinsequitur, iam iamque manu tenet et premit hasta. 530ut tandem ante oculos evasit et ora parentum,concidit ac multo vitam cum sanguine fudit.hic Priamus, quamquam in media iam morte tenetur,non tamen abstinuit nec voci iraeque pepercit:'at tibi pro scelere,' exclamat, 'pro talibus ausis 535di, si qua est caelo pietas quae talia curet,persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddantdebita, qui nati coram me cernere letumfecisti et patrios foedasti funere vultus.at non ille, satum quo te mentiris, Achilles 540talis in hoste fuit Priamo; sed iura fidemquesupplicis erubuit corpusque exsangue sepulcroreddidit Hectoreum meque in mea regna remisit.'sic fatus senior telumque imbelle sine ictuconiecit, rauco quod protinus aere repulsum, 545et summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit.cui Pyrrhus: 'referes ergo haec et nuntius ibisPelidae genitori. illi mea tristia factadegeneremque Neoptolemum narrare memento.nunc morere.' hoc dicens altaria ad ipsa trementem 550traxit et in multo lapsantem sanguine nati,implicuitque comam laeva, dextraque coruscumextulit ac lateri capulo tenus abdidit ensem.haec finis Priami fatorum, hic exitus illumsorte tulit Troiam incensam et prolapsa videntem 555Pergama, tot quondam populis terrisque superbumregnatorem Asiae. iacet ingens litore truncus,avulsumque umeris caput et sine nomine corpus.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #poetry #vergil
Aeneid 1.1-11 in meter, with synth HI PAWS 2020-11-16 | The opening lines of Vergil's Aeneid. Get the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/edit_track?id=130447460Support HI PAWS on Patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWSI had to memorize the first 11 lines of the Aeneid for AP Latin when I was in 11 grade. We had until 3 PM on a Friday to go to our teacher and recite the lines. I went to the Classics office right at the last moment. The other Latin and Greek teachers gathered around to hear me recite the lines. I couldn't remember past the 2nd line, and my teacher helpfully gave me prompts to jog my memory. I still couldn't do it. One by one the other teachers retreated into their offices. My teacher was kind and sympathetic. I left and cried in the bathroom. I don't know if teachers still make their students memorize the opening lines of the Aeneid, but in case they do, here's a video that may help. Check out latinology's (much catchier) song: youtube.com/watch?v=tF3U-9Du_GkAnd latintutorial's excellent analysis of lines 1-7: youtube.com/watch?v=2sL2MAEGmysLYRICS:ARMA virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab orisItaliam, fato profugus, Laviniaque venitlitora, multum ille et terris iactatus et altovi superum saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram;multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem,inferretque deos Latio, genus unde Latinum,Albanique patres, atque altae moenia Romae.Musa, mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso,quidve dolens, regina deum tot volvere casusinsignem pietate virum, tot adire laboresimpulerit. Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #vergil
Latin 3rd declension endings (masculine/feminine) HI PAWS 2020-09-27 | The cats are back.Support me on Patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWSGet the song on bandcamp: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/third-declension-masculine-feminineLYRICS:[blank]-is-ī-em-e-ēs-um-ibus-ēs-ibusThe [blank] stands in for whatever the nominative of the noun is, whatever is given.[blank]-is-ī-em-e-ēs-um-ibus-ēs-ibusThe [blank] stands in for whatever the nominative may be. Here are some examples for you to see of how different the nominatives of the 3rd declension can be:rex, regis, m. – kingurbs, urbis, f. – citymiles, militis, m. – soldierarbor, arboris, f. – treeveritas, veritatis, f. – truthPay attention also to how the stem changes for 3rd declension nouns. Look at the genitive. That gives you the stem.The 3rd declension is by far the most common declension in Latin. In other words, the majority of nouns are 3rd declension.It's helpful that the masculine and feminine have the same endings. That's nice.and -ibus is a nice sort of change up from -īs.It's also somewhat helpful, I suppose, in terms of knowing the endings, that -ēs is both the nominative and accusative plural ending. It can be a little trickier in context, then, to know what case you're dealing with,e.g. militēs [NOM] fortēs sunt = the soldiers are brave militēs [ACC] timeō = I fear the soldiers...but you know what they say:---------is-ī-em-e-ēs-um-ibus-ēs-ibus#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Latin 2nd declension neuter endings HI PAWS 2020-09-18 | review the 2nd declension neuter forms.support me on patreon! patreon.com/HIPAWSget this song on bandcamp: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/2nd-declension-neutersome inspiration: youtube.com/watch?v=rKTUAESacQMLYRICS-um -ī -ō -um -ō -a -ōrum -īs -a -īs NEUTER RULES: the neuter nominative and accusative endings are the same, and the plural nominative and accusative end in the letter -a COMPARISON: if you look at the 2nd declension masculine endings, these are the same, except the nominative is -um and the nominative and accusative plural end in the letter -a#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
the Latin vocative case HI PAWS 2020-09-15 | O magister, but what about the vocative case? why not include that in all declension charts? Well, here's why (hint: the vocative is usually the same as the nominative)Support me on Patreon – it helps! patreon.com/HIPAWSThis song, along with all my other songs, is on bandcamp: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/what-about-the-vocative-2Largely, the vocative looked different for Roman men's names (since they tended to end in -us or -ius in the nominative) and not different for other words. So you can think of the vocative as akin to nicknames used when talking to the person, e.g.Marce (from Marcus)Quinte (from Quintus)Vergilī (from Vergilius)and so on, like Sammy (Sam)Freddy (Fred)LYRICSThe vocative's the same as the nominative case in all declensions except the 2nd declension. -us becomes -e -ius becomes -ī otherwise the vocative is the same as the nominative O, saxum (Oh, rock!) O, puella (Oh, girl!) O, exercitus (Oh, army!) O, cornū (Oh, horn!) O, vir (Oh, man!) O, amīce (O, friend!) O, fīlī (O, son!) The vocative looks the same as the nominative (except for 2nd declension nouns ending in -us or -ius)#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
Latin second declension masculine endings HI PAWS 2020-09-14 | Hey, let's review the second declension masculine endings. Wondering about the vocative? I'll make a video about that soon.Support me: patreon.com/HIPAWSget a high quality version of this song: patreon.com/HIPAWSLYRICS-us-ī-ō-um-ō-ī-ōrum-īs-ōs-īs#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome
the Latin first declension HI PAWS 2020-09-13 | Hey, here are the Latin first declension endings.Thank you to Latin teacher John for the idea to isolate the first declension. Thank you to Jaimy for the suggestion of doing it in choral style. Support this project: patreon.com/HIPAWSHi-quality audio version: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/first-declensionLYRICS:-a-ae-ae-am-ā-ae-ārum-īs-ās-īs#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
the subordinating conjunctions that make aliquis change its form HI PAWS 2020-08-28 | This is a common mnemonic to remember that a form of aliquis (any) will drop the prefix ali- when following sī (if), nīsī (if not, unless), num (whether), or nē (lest), as in the famous example, "videant consules ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat" [the consuls should see to it that the republic not receive any harm], where "quid" is actually "aliquid." support me on patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/all-the-alis-run-awayLYRICSsī, nīsī, num, and nēall the ali's run away#educationalvideo #latinlanguage #grammar #rome
these prepositions take the ablative case HI PAWS 2020-08-24 | There are many more Latin prepositions that are followed by the accusative case than ones that are followed by the ablative. Learn the ones that are followed by the ablative, and you'll know that any other preposition takes the accusative. Here's a handy rhyme to learn those prepositions. support me on patreon: patreon.com/HIPAWS get a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/latin-prepositions-that-take-the-ablativeLYRICS:ā or ab,cum and dē,sine, prō, ex or ē,sometimes in and sometimes subare followed by the ablatub.All other prepositions take the accusative.or it could be "sometimes suband sometimes inare followed by the ablatin"#educationalvideo #latinlanguage #grammar #rome
the forms of the Latin relative pronoun (in a song) HI PAWS 2020-08-06 | Help me make more videos: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload a high-quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/the-forms-of-the-relative-pronoun#educationalvideo #latinlanguage #grammar #rome
Latin relative pronoun: how it works HI PAWS 2020-08-02 | Here's a song that describes how the relative pronoun functions in Latin, with some examples. support this project: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload a high-quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/how-the-latin-relative-pronoun-workssome inspiration: youtube.com/watch?v=Vkfpi2H8tOEThe examples from the video:[vir [quem vidēs] cantum canit] – [the man [whom you see] sings this song]"quem" refers back to "vir" – both are masculine singular"quem" is accusative because it's the direct object of "vidēs," and "vir" is nominative because it's the subject of the main clause.[saxa ingentia sunt] [quae monstrum iacit] – [the rocks [the monster throws] are huge]"quae" refers back to "saxa" – both are neuter plural"quae" is accusative because it's the direct object of "iacit," and "saxa" is nominative because it's the subject of the main clause.[virō [cuius canis parvus est] donum dabō] – [I'll give a gift to the man] [whose dog is small]"cuius" refers back to "virō" – both are masculine singular"cuius" is genitive because it's possessive and limits "canis," and "virō" is dative because it's the indirect object of "dabo."[vōs [quī mē canentem vidētis] omnēs amō] – [you [who watch me sing], I love you all]"quī" refers back to "vōs" – both are masculine plural"quī" is nominative because it's the subject of "vidētis," and "vōs" is accusative because it's the direct object of "amō."Notes: "number" = singular/plural"gender" = masculine / feminine / neuter"antecedent" = the word the relative pronoun is standing in for [from ante+cedo]"clause" = a unit of words with a subject / verbLyrics: The relative pronoun gets its gender and number from its antecedent, and its case from its own clause.Vir quem vides cantum canit"the man whom you see sings this song"The relative pronoun gets its gender and number from its antecedent, and its case from its own clause.saxa ingentia sunt quae monstrum iacit"the rocks the monster throws are huge"Here’s something I might have written when I was 6 years old: "I have two cats. The cats have different personalities.” If I was older, maybe I would’ve used a relative pronoun to combine those two sentences, as follows: "I have two cats, who have different personalities." Now, there’s one complex sentence, with a subordinate clause introduced by the form of the relative pronoun “who.” The relative pronoun will take whatever case it should have according to its function in its own clause. For instance, “who” in the cats example is nominative because it’s the subject of its clause, and its referring back to “cats” which would be accusative because it’s the direct object of “have.” In Latin, the way you’ll know that the relative pronoun is referring back to that specific word is by noticing that it has the same gender and number as the word its referring to. In this instance, that would be masculine and plural. viro cuius canis parvus est donum dabo"I'll give a gift to the man whose dog is small"vos qui me canentem videtis omnes amo"you, who watch me sing – I love you all"#educationalvideo #latinlanguage #grammar #rome
One jest a year... [William Gardner Hale, 1887] HI PAWS 2020-04-12 | This is a recitation of an excerpt from The Art of Reading Latin: How to Teach It by William Gardner Hale (1887). A full version of the book: https://www.bu.edu/mahoa/hale_art.html Want just the audio? hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/one-jest-a-year-william-gardner-hale-1887The relevant excerpt: I allow myself in my class-room – keeping well inside of what is said to be customary among college professors – one jest a year. When I first meet the new Freshman class (for I could not bear to leave such precious material wholly to the most perfect assistant), I question them: "Suppose, now, you are set, as you were at the examination for admission the other day, to tell me the meaning of a sentence in a book you never saw – say an oration of Cicero – how do you proceed to get at the writer’s meaning?" There is at once a chorus of voices (for they are crammed for that question, having learned printed directions, as we have seen, in the first books they studied), "First find the – SUBJECT," three-quarters of them say; "PREDICATE," the other quarter. "Now here," I say to them, "is an unhappy difference of opinion about first principles in a matter of everyday practice, and of very serious importance. Which is right?" They do not know. "Which do you suppose the Romans who heard the oration delivered in the Forum first hunted up, the subject or the predicate?" That little jest, simple as it is, always meets with great success; for it not only raises a laugh (of no value in itself), but it shows at once, even to a Freshman, the entire absurdity of trying to read Latin by a hunting-up first of either his subject or his predicate; and so enlists his sympathy in favor of trying some other way, if any can be shown him. But, at the same time, it proves to me that the method taught at the most critical of all periods, the beginning, is still wrong. Only in late years, and very rarely, does some student answer my question with: "First read the first Latin word without translating it, then the second, then the third, and so on to the end, taking in all the possible constructions of every word, while barring out at once the impossible, and, above all, erring, if anywhere, in the direction of keeping the mind in suspense unnecessarily long, waiting, at least, until a sure solution has been given by the sentence itself."Support me on patreon! patreon.com/HIPAWS
Latin – ipse ipsa ipsum HI PAWS 2020-04-04 | This song reviews the forms of the Latin word ipse, ipsa, ipsum.download/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/ipse-ipsa-ipsum-latinhelp me create more songs and videos like this! patreon.com/hipawsIf you know ille, illa, illud already, then ipse, ipsa, ipsum is easy to remember. It has the same endings (except for "ipsum" instead of "illud").Dictionaries will tell you that it means "self" or "very." How is it used and how should you translate it? Well, it's intensifying or emphatic, which means that it emphasizes or intensifies the noun that it agrees with. "ego ipse" means "I myself." "verba ipsa" means "the words themselves." The sentence "imperator ipse ad castra hostium ivit" means "the general himself went to the enemy's camp," and "ipse" is emphasizing that it's the general who went, because perhaps we wouldn't expect a general to go himself. We might expect him to send someone else to go in his stead. When translating, just translate the noun and then the form of ipse with the appropriate English pronoun (them / her / him / it) and the correct number of "self" (self / selves). It's easier than it sounds. What about the meaning "very"? We don't use this very often in colloquial English, but it's another way of emphasizing a word. For instance, if we were talking about some rare book and you were talking about how cool it would be to see it, rather than saying "I have that book itself with me!" I might say, "I have that very book with me!" And you'd go, "wow! That's amazing!" You'll often see forms of "ipse, ipsa, ipsum" (as with "hic, haec, hoc" and "ille, illa, illud" and "is, ea, id") by itself (i.e. acting as a substantive), in which case you just supply the missing word, according to the gender. For instance, "ipsa" can mean "she herself," "ipse" can be "he himself." LYRICSnominative: ipse, ipsa, ipsumgenitive: ipsiusdative: ipsīaccusative: ipsum, ipsam, ipsumablative: ipsō, ipsā, ipsōnominative: ipsī, ipsae, ipsagenitive: ipsōrum, ipsārum, ipsōrumdative: ipsīsaccusative: ipsōs, ipsās, ipsaablative: ipsīsego ipse hoc carmen ipsum tibi ipsī canōI myself am singing this very song to you yourselfipse, ipsa, ipsum has the same endings as "ille, illa, illud." It is called the emphatic or intensifying adjective (or pronoun).#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin present subjunctive forms (+ an ode to the subjunctive) HI PAWS 2020-02-02 | This introduces a mnemonic to remember the vowels for the different conjugations for the present active subjunctive, reviews the forms, and then celebrates/honors the subjunctive mood and all it makes possible.Please consider supporting these videos! patreon.com/HIPAWS#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin Demonstrative – ille, illa, illud HI PAWS 2019-12-18 | This song reviews the forms of "ille, illa, illud." support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/ille-illa-illud-songA couple notes:1) In the examples, I say that "illī" as the masculine, nominative, singular would mean "those men." If illī is dative singular, it would mean to/for that one (where the "one" could be feminine, masculine, or neuter.")2) If you're reading something and the author is talking about two cities, and there's one city that's close and another that's far, and then the character in the story decides to go to the far one, the author might write "ad illam īre constituit" ("s/he decided to go to that one"), where "illam" is feminine because there's an implied "urbem" which is feminine. Just like we can say "that one" in English and we know what we mean by "one," Latin can use a form of "ille, illa, illud." 3) Another useful function of "ille, illa, illud" is that it can change the subject of the sentence. Ordinarily, if there's no subject explicitly named, the subject stays the same as the previous clause/sentence. So something like: vir ad mare festinat. amīcum videt. ("the man is hurrying toward the ocean. He sees a friend." "the man" is the subject of both sentences.) . At this point, "ille" could be used to refer to the friend and make the friend the subject of the next sentence – ille canem quaerēbat ("he [i.e. the friend] was looking for his dog).#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin passive periphrastic (gerundive + to be) song HI PAWS 2019-11-14 | This song covers the passive periphrastic construction.support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/latin-passive-periphrasticThe passive periphrastic is one of ways that the gerundive is used in Latin. As with many words in Latin, translation of the gerundive depends on context. When it's paired with a form of the verb "to be" (sum, esse, fuī, futurum), the gerundive takes on the force of obligation or necessity (for which the word "must" or "have to" is a useful translation in English). The famous example is the sentence uttered by Cato, "Carthago delenda est." (Carthage must be destroyed) A couple of things I left out of the song/video:1) I only used 3rd person forms of "sum," and I only used it in the present tense. But it's common for the passive periphrastic to involve other persons or tenses, e.g. "amandus sum" (I should be loved), or "urbs servanda erit" (the city will have to be saved).2) with the dative of agent, the construction can be translated actively, i.e. "librī nobis legendī sunt" (we must read the books / we have to read the books).I'll cover other uses of the gerundive (and the gerundive vs. the gerund) in (a) future video(s)LYRICSPASSIVE PERIPHRASTICgerundive plus the verb to beexpressing obligation or necessity[x2]Ahhh, PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIClibrī legendī sunt"the books must be read"verba dicenda sunt"the words must be said"veritas petenda est"truth must be sought"haec emenda sunt“these things must be bought"Ahhh, PASSIVE PERIPHRASTICPASSIVE PERIPHRASTICgerundive plus the verb “to be”expressing obligation or necessitya dative of agentcan sometimes appearshowing by whom the action’s donehere are some examples, do not fearAhhh, PASSIVE PERIPHRASTICarma tibi iacienda sunt"by you the weapons must be thrown"semina mihi serenda sunt"by me the seeds must be sown"librī nobīs legendī sunt"by us the books must be read"verba poetīs dicenda sunt"by poets the words must be said"Ahhh, PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin participles song HI PAWS 2019-10-29 | This song covers all the Latin participles – the forms in all conjugations and what they mean. support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comLYRICSamans, amantis(HA HA)amātus, -a, -umamātūrus, -a, -umamandus, -a, -umamans, amantis(HA HA)amātus, -a, -umamātūrus, -a, -umamandus, -a, -umParticiples are verbal adjectivesThey modify a noun in case, number, and genderThey come from verbs but act like adjectivesSo they have declensionsThe present active participle in 3rd declensionThere is no present passive or perfect active oneThe perfect passive and future active and future passive are all 1st/2nd declensiontenens, tenentis(HA HA)tentus, -a, -umtentūrus, -a, -umtenendus, -a, -ummittens, mittentis(HA HA)missus, -a, -ummissūrus, -a, -ummittendus, -a, -umaudiens, audientis(HA HA)audītus, -a, -umaudītūrus, -a, -umaudiendus, -a, -umvir amans vītam morī nōn vultthe man, loving life, is not willing to diesaxum ā puerō vīsum in mare mox iaciēturthe rock having seen by the boy will soon be thrown into the seafēmina ad urbem ītūra sē paratthe woman about to go to the city is preparing herself#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin Demonstrative–hic, haec, hoc: A SONG HI PAWS 2019-10-25 | This is a song for the forms of "hic, haec, hoc"support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of the song: hipaws.bandcamp.com/track/hic-haec-hoc#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin adjectives song HI PAWS 2019-10-14 | This video reviews how adjectives function in Latin. I ignore the vocative, because it's pretty rare and because it's easier to just remember that in all instances (except for in the singular for 2nd decl. nouns ending in -us and -ius) it's identical to the nominative. support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWS download/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comLYRICS:Adjectives modify nouns. They agree with the nouns in case, number and gender,using 1st declension for feminine,2nd declension for masculine and neuter.There are also 3rd declension adjectives that use the 3rd declension endings for all three of the genders.Any adjective can modify a noun of any declension.puella sapiens = "the wise girl" in the feminine nominative singular litus bōnum = "the good shore" in the neuter nominative or accusative singularvir malus = "the bad man" in the masculine nominative singularKnowing the declension of a noun or adjective is important [for instance, litus, litōris is 3rd declension – you can tell from the genitive form. Otherwise, you’d think it was 2nd declension masculine]Adjectives modify nouns. They agree with the noun in case, number, and genderpuellārum sapientium = "of the wise girls" in the feminine genitive plurallitora bōna = "the good shores" in the neuter nominative or accusative pluralvirīs malīs = "to/for or from/with/in/by the bad men" in the masculine dative or ablative pluralSometimes the noun and adjective will have the same ending but only if they are the same declension3rd declension adjectives can be tricky for a few reasons:Firstly, they are i-stem, which means they have an “i” in the ablative singular, the genitive plural, and the neuter nominative and accusative pluralSecondly, because they sometimes have one form in the nominative for all three genders, they sometimes have two, and they sometimes have three. The dictionary entry will show you which kind it is.saxa ingentia = "the huge rocks" in the neuter nominative or accusative pluralhomines bonī = "the good people" in the masculine nominative pluralcīvī fortī = "to/for the brave citizen" in the masculine dative singular [if it was cīve fortī, then it would be ablative]Adjectives modify nouns. They agree with the nouns in case, number and gender.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin deponent verb song HI PAWS 2019-10-09 | This song describes what makes Latin deponent verbs tricky. They aren't what they seem!support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comLyricsDeponent verbs look passive but their meanings are active (they look passive, but their meanings are active, yeah) loquitur = "s/he/it speaks"conor = "I try"locutī sumus = "we have spoken"Deponent verbs look passive but their meanings are active (they only have three principal parts because they don't have a perfect system active, yeah)usus sum = "I used"vereor = "I fear"moriēbar = "I was dying"The participles of deponent verbs: deponent verbs have the same participial forms as other verbs – a present participle, a perfect participle, and a future participle. But the perfect passive participle is translated actively. So, secūtus is "having followed," and arbitrātus is "have judged."Deponent verbs look passive but their meanings are activeingreditur = "s/he/it enters" (yeah)queror = "I complain" (yeah)conābimur = "we will try" (yeah)#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
HI PAWS trailer HI PAWS 2019-09-05 | Like what you're seeing? Support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWS#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin reflexive pronoun (suī, sibi, sē, sē) song HI PAWS 2019-09-04 | This video covers the forms of the reflexive pronoun and some examples of how it is used and translated.support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comoriginal music and video created by me.LYRICS:------ suī sibi sē sē ------ suī sibi sē sē The reflexive pronoun refers to the subject in its clause. [x2] [singular examples] vir sē amat. "The man loves himself" fēmina donum sibi dat. "The woman gives a gift to herself" mīles gloriōsus sē esse fortissimum dīcit. " The boastful soldier says that he is the strongest." [plural examples] virī sē amant. "The men love themselves" fēminae dona sibi dant. "The women give gifts to themselves" mīlitēs gloriōsī sē esse fortissimōs dīcunt. " The boastful soldiers say that they are the strongest." aaaaaaah, ah ---- suī sibi sē sē The reflexive pronoun doesn't have a nominative form because it refers to the subject, which would be nominative and the reflexive pronoun can't refer back to itself If the subject is "I" or "you" (first person or second person), you would use the personal pronoun to refer back to that subject, like "me amō" (I love myself) or "donum tibi dās" (you give a gift to yourself) Finally, don't confuse the reflexive pronoun with the intensifying adjective "ipse, ipsa, ipsum" but more about that another time ------ suī sibi sē sē ------ suī sibi sē sē The reflexive pronoun refers to the subject in its clause. [x2]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin infinitives song HI PAWS 2019-06-25 | This video covers the forms and meaning of the present, perfect, and future active and passive infinitives.support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comoriginal music and video created by me.LYRICS:amāre, amārī amāvisse, amātus-a-um esse amātūrus-a-um esse, amātum īrī [x2] all the other conjugations follow this pattern, except for the 3rd, which in the present passive infinitive loses the "er" so "regere" becomes "regī" amāre, amārī amāvisse, amātus-a-um esse amātūrus-a-um esse, amātum īrī [x2] The present passive infinitive is the 2nd principle part to make it passive, change out the "e" for an "ī" The perfect active and uses the 3rd principle part, and the perfect passive and future active use the 4th, as does the future passive, which you never really need to know to love, to be loved to have loved, to have been loved to be about to love, to be about to be loved [x2]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin imperatives song HI PAWS 2019-06-21 | This song covers for the forms for present active imperatives (singular and plural) for all four conjugations.support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSdownload/stream a high quality version of this song: hipaws.bandcamp.comoriginal music and video by meLYRICS:To form the imperative, take the "-re" off of the infinitive. To make it plural, add "-te." Only the 3rd conjugation changes its vowel. amā, amāte habē, habēte mitte, mittite audī, audīte [x3] dīc, dūc, fac, fer there should be an "e" but it isn't there [irregular] [x4] amā, amāte: "love!" habē, habēte: "have!" mitte, mittite: "send!" audī, audīte: "listen!" [x2]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin perfect, pluperfect, future perfect passive verb endings song HI PAWS 2019-06-18 | This video covers the passive indicative endings for the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comoriginal music and video created by me.LYRICS:[perfect tense passive] 4th principal part + sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt [pluperfect tense passive] 4th principal part + eram, erās, erat, erāmus, erātis, erant [future perfect tense passive] 4th principal part + erō, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt Don't forget that the 4th principal part becomes plural when the verb becomes plural (like amātī sumus). 4th principal part + sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt [the perfect passive uses the present of "sum"] 4th principal part + eram, erās, erat, erāmus, erātis, erant [the pluperfect passive uses the imperfect of "sum"] 4th principal part + erō, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt [the future perfect passive uses the future of "sum"] Don't forget that the 4th principal part becomes plural when the verb becomes plural (like amātī sumus).#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin quis/quid and qui/quae/quod song (interrogative adjective/pronoun and relative pronoun) HI PAWS 2019-06-04 | This song reviews the forms for the interrogative adjective, relative pronoun, and interrogative pronoun. And the differences between what they mean and how they're used. Plus some extemporaneous musing about it all....CORRECTIONS1:04 "To whom did you give the book?" is actually an example of an interrogative pronoun ("whom"). A correct example of the interrogative adjective here would be "to which student did you give the book?" where "which" is the interrogative adjective, modifying "student." support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comoriginal music and video by me.LYRICS:[Interrogative adjective and relative pronoun] NOM. quī quae quod GEN. cuius DAT. cui ACC. quem quam quod ABL. quō quā quō NOM. quī quae quae GEN. quōrum quārum quōrum DAT. quibus ACC. quōs quās quae ABL. quibus The interrogative adjective and relative pronoun are the same, at least morphologically (that is in terms of their forms). They mean different things and are used in different ways. The interrogative is an interrogative, so it asks a question; and it's an adjective, so it modifies a noun. Like, "what book are you reading?" or "what car did you ride in?" or "what person was that?" Or "to whom did you give that book?" and "what way did you feel?" and "in what place did you most want to be?" Whereas the relative pronoun is a pronoun so it doesn't modify a noun. And it's not interrogative, so it doesn't introduce a question. Like, "I know that person who you were talking to." "I spent a year in the place in which they were." And "I was studying the thing which they also were studying at that time." And "I know the thing that you have on your mind." Now the interrogative pronoun: NOM. quis quis quid GEN. cuius DAT. cui ACC. quem quem quid ABL. quō quō quō And the plural is the same as the interrogative adjective and relative pronoun. These are three different words that start with "q." Three different words that all have the same plural. Three words that mean kind of similar things, "who" and "what" and "which." But they're different. Similar but different. Like so many things in Latin, they're similar but different. Like how "regat" and "regit" and "reget" all mean different things. The first is present subjunctive, the second is present indicative, and the third is future indicative.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin present, imperfect, future passive verb endings song HI PAWS 2019-06-03 | This video reviews the present, imperfect, and future passive indicative verb endings.support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comOriginal music and video by me.LYRICS:(passive) [present] -r -ris -tur -mur -mini -ntur [imperfect] -bar -bāris -bātur -bāmur -bāmini -bantur [future, for the 1st/2nd conjugations] -bor -beris -bitur -bimur -bimini -buntur OR [future, for the 3rd and 4th conjugations] -ar -ēris -ētur -ēmur -ēmini -entur The passive voice is being sung about by me This song is being heard by you This video is being seen The passive voice is being sung about by me It will be learned by you after this video will have been seen [present] -r -ris -tur -mur -mini -ntur [imperfect] -bar -bāris -bātur -bāmur -bāmini -bantur [future, for the 1st/2nd conjugations] -bor -beris -bitur -bimur -bimini -buntur OR [future, for the 3rd and 4th conjugations] -ar -ēris -ētur -ēmur -ēmini -entur#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin 3rd declension i-stem noun endings song HI PAWS 2019-05-30 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis video covers the endings for 3rd declension i-stem nouns of all genders and how their endings differ from the normal 3rd declension endings.Original music and video by me.LYRICS:------ is ī em e ēs ium ibus ēs ibus An "i" shows up in the genitive plural and if we didn't know about it, it could potentially confuse us ------ is ī em e ēs ium ibus ēs ibus The endings are otherwise the same as other masculine and feminine nouns in the 3rd declension ------ is ī ------ ī ia ium ibus ia ibus Now the "i" shows up where we think it shouldn't be in the ablative singular and the nominative, genitive, and accusative plurals ------ is ī ------ ī ia ium ibus ia ibus That "i" shows up where we think it shouldn't be for neuter i-stem nouns but we shouldn't let that confuse us#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin perfect, pluperfect, future perfect active verb endings song HI PAWS 2019-04-16 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis video covers the active endings for the perfect system. Original music and video by me.LYRICS:[perfect] -ī -istī -it -imus -istis -ērunt [pluperfect] -eram -erās -erat -erāmus -erātis -erant [future perfect] -erō -eris -erit -erimus -eritis -erint [x2] the perfect tense "has happened" or "happened" the pluperfect tense "had happened" and the future perfect tense "will have happened" before the future perfect, pluperfect, future perfect [x3] [perfect] -ī -istī -it -imus -istis -ērunt [pluperfect] -eram -erās -erat -erāmus -erātis -erant [future perfect] -erō -eris -erit -erimus -eritis -erint [x2] the perfect tense "has happened" or "happened" the pluperfect tense "had happened" and the future perfect tense "will have happened" before the future [x2]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin present, imperfect, future active verb endings song HI PAWS 2019-04-15 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis is a video covering the present, imperfect, and future active verb endings (including the future endings for the 3rd and 4th conjugations).Music and video by me.LYRICS:I you it/he/she we you all they verbs have person and number I you it/he/she we you all they verbs have person and number and also tense like the present tense -ō -s -t -mus -tis -nt or the imperfect tense -bam -bās -bat -bāmus -bātis -bant or the future tense -bō -bis -bit -bimus -bitis -bunt OR -am -ēs -et -ēmus -ētis -ent depending on the conjugation
Latin 3rd Person Pronoun Song (is, ea, id) HI PAWS 2018-02-08 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis is a video devoted to the 3rd person pronoun (is, ea, id) in Latin. Original music and video by me.LYRICS:[singular] nominative: is ea id genitive: eius dative: eī accusative: eum eam id ablative: eō eā eō [plural] nominative: eī eae ea genitive: eōrum eārum eōrum dative: eīs accusative: eōs eās ea ablative: eīs 3rd person pronoun, is ea id – like other pronouns it stands in for another noun and it takes the gender of the noun it stands in for [singular] nominative: is ea id genitive: eius dative: eī accusative: eum eam id ablative: eō eā eō [plural] nominative: eī eae ea genitive: eōrum eārum eōrum dative: eīs accusative: eōs eās ea ablative: eīs The third person pronoun – is, ea, id – takes the gender and the number of the noun it stands in for, and it takes the case that it would take according to the function in its own clause you can translate it as "he" or "she" or "it" or "him" or "her" or "they" or "those things" or "that man" or "this woman" – really whatever English words you would use to refer to the thing that the form of "is, ea, id" is being used to refer to in Latin So, for instance, if instead of using the genitive singular "puellae," you've got "eius," you can just translate it as "hers" or "of her" (as the case may be) [singular] nominative: is ea id genitive: eius dative: eī accusative: eum eam id ablative: eō eā eō [plural] nominative: eī eae ea genitive: eōrum eārum eōrum dative: eīs accusative: eōs eās ea ablative: eīs#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin Personal Pronoun Song (ego, tū, nōs, vōs) HI PAWS 2017-10-28 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis is a video reviewing the forms of the 1st and 2nd person singular and plural personal pronouns in Latinoriginal music and video by me.LYRICS:ego meī mihi mē mē tu tuī tibi tē tē nōs nostrī nobīs nōs nobīs vōs vestrī vōbīs vōs vōbīs 'cause multiple "I's" a "we" and multiple "me's" an "us" and multiple "you's" a "you all" personal pronouns and all that stuff [x2] ego is "I tu is "you meī is "of me" tuī is "of you" mihi is "to / for me" tibi is "to / for you" mē is "me" and tē is "you" but mē can be "from, with, in, or by me" and tē can be "from, with, in, or by you" The translations of the plural personal pronoun forms are basically the same as the singular, each according to its case (except that they are plural) It's worth noting that in the genitive plural there are alternate forms – "nostrum" and "vestrum." These are partitive genitive, used in a phrase like "one of us" or "one of you all," whereas "nostrī" and "vestrī" are objective genitive, used in a phrase like "the love of you," where you are the object of the love.#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
Latin 4th and 5th Declension Song HI PAWS 2017-10-24 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comin honor of the 4th and 5th declensions in Latinoriginal music and video by me.LYRICS:us ūs uī um ū ūs uum ibus ūs ibus ēs eī eī em ē ēs ērum ēbus ēs ēbus [x3]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music #chanting
Latin 1st/2nd/3rd Declension Song HI PAWS 2017-10-19 | support this channel: patreon.com/HIPAWSsong available for download/streaming in high quality format: hipaws.bandcamp.comThis song is devoted to the first three noun declensions in Latin.original music and video by me.LYRICS:a ae ae am ā ae ārum īs ās īs us ī ō um ō ī ōrum īs ōs īs [blank] is ī em e ēs um ibus ēs ibus The neuter endings in any declension are the same as the masculine or the feminine, except that the neuter nominative and accusative are always the same, and in the plural they end in the letter -a [x2]#latinlanguage #educationalvideo #grammar #rome #music
