Why does the Court of Justice of the EU Exist? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-09-25 | Why does the Court of Justice of the EU Exist?
Tobacco advertising: the reasons for a ban Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-24 | In the EU, the rules governing tobacco advertising have become stricter over time. Balancing public health protection with the the rules of the single market, the Court of Justice has been called upon to clarify the EU's actions in this area.
AI challenges and opportunities for the judiciary Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-22 | Judge Zilgalvis discusses how artificial intelligence is reshaping legal practice, the impact of the EU AI Act, and its relevance to justice in the European Union
Judgment Commission v Hungary explained - Values of the European Union Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-21 | Charter of fundamental rights - Action for a declaration of failure to fulfil obligations - C-769/22
Key terms for understanding the Court’s procedures Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-20 | First part – Learn how citizens, companies, institutions, and Member States can bring a case before the EU courts, seeking a declaration that EU law has been infringedSecond part – Balázs Lehóczki describes the procedures that enable the Court to establish infringements of EU law and what the consequences are
The Vice-President of the General Court: a multifaceted role Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-15 | From coordinating 52 cabinets to ensuring judicial consistency, from standing in for the President to monitoring case-law, let’s discover all the duties of the Vice-President of the General Court, with Mr Savvas Papasavvas.
How can we protect our personal data? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-13 | First part – “The processing of personal data” is a phrase we hear frequently. But what data are we actually talking about? What exactly does “processing” mean?Second part – Joris Plingers, the Court’s Data Protection Officer, explains the best practices for keeping our information secure on a daily basis
How does our personal data really travel? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-10 | In a matter of seconds, our email addresses, browsing history and online purchases travel thousands of kilometres, sometimes outside the EU.
What is e-Curia and how does it work? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-04-07 | E-Curia is an application that helps parties to easily lodge procedural documents and receive notifications. The Registrar of the General Court Vittorio Di Bucci explains how it works.
Ever wondered what your real worker rights are? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-30 | Legal secretary Anthi Beka guides us as we explore EU workers’ rights—paid leave, safe workplaces, parental leave and time recording mandates—through landmark Court of Justice rulings
Does the internet ever forget? Understanding the right to be forgotten Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-27 | Our outdated or sensitive data can harm us over time. Discover how the Court of Justice of the EU has recognised the right to be forgotten to protect our privacy, while safeguarding the right to information.
Judgment Pumpyanskiy v Council of the European Union explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-26 | Freezing of funds - Restrictive measures
The Charter of Fundamental Rights: a pillar of European justice Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-25 | With Advocate General Dean Spielmann, let's discover what the Charter of Fundamental Rights means for European citizens and how it differs from the European Convention on Human Rights
The Court’s landmark judgments on environmental protection Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-23 | First part- How does the EU Court of Justice’s case law on soil, water, air, waste, industry and renewables protect health and the environment?Second part- Press officer Hartmut Ost helps analyze key environmental cases and their impact
Judgment Katholische Schwangerschaftsberatung explained - C-258/24 Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-18 | Equal treatment – Difference of treatment on grounds of religion
What are the real benefits of EU citizenship? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-18 | Judge Eugene Regan breaks down the concrete rights granted by EU citizenship and explains how EU courts safeguard these benefits for all 450 million Europeans
Defrenne: The landmark case for equal pay for men and women Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-16 | First part – We retrace the legal battle of Belgian flight attendant Gabrielle Defrenne, which led the Court of Justice to lay the foundations for equal pay for men and women in the EUSecond part – With our expert Ioana Gheorghe Badescu, we explore the evolution of case-law on equal pay, from the principle of non-discrimination to recent decisions
What workplace protections are available for caregivers? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-13 | Discover how the Court of Justice of the EU prohibits all discrimination in terms of accommodations, promotions and job duties for employees who support a loved one with a disability.
How is the caseload of the General Court evolving? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-11 | Digital regulation, environmental issues, and the rise of competition law cases: a close look at some current legal challenges, with President van der Woude
Disability discrimination in the workplace Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-09 | First part – The Court of Justice of the European Union shapes everyday equality for workers with disabilities. We trace the evolution of the EU’s definition of “disability” and explore what “reasonable adjustments” really meanSecond part – With our specialist Charis Pasiourtidou, we break down the Court’s game changing cases on disability discrimination in the workplace, explain the concrete obligations that fall on employers, and discuss the most recent extension of protection to caregivers
The landmark ruling on air passenger rights Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-04 | Advocate General Medina explains how the Court strengthens consumer protection measures through the Sturgeon judgment on the right to compensation for delayed or cancelled flights
Who can bring a case directly before the General Court of the EU? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-03-02 | Discover how any citizen or business can bring a case directly before the General Court and how landmark cases have strengthened transparency in the EU, with Alexandre Thillier, Legal Secretary at the General Court
Food labels: a matter of transparency and health Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-27 | When terms like “natural”, “local” or “no additives” on food packaging turn into legal disputes, the Court of Justice of the European Union steps in to ensure transparency, fairness and consumer confidence.
Judgment C-92/23 Commission v. Hungary explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-26 | Failure to fulfil obligations – Electronic communicationsCan a Member State refuse to renew a commercial radio station’s right to broadcast on a radio frequency on the basis of minor infringements?That is the question examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-92/23 Commission v Hungary.Klubrádió, a Hungarian commercial radio station, had been broadcasting on a frequency in the Budapest area under a contract concluded with the Hungarian Media Council. After the refusal to renew that contract on the basis of repeated failures to provide certain broadcasting information, the station submitted a bid in a call for tenders for the same frequency, which was declared invalid due to errors in its programming schedule and its financial situation.In those circumstances, the European Commission brought an action before the Court for failure to fulfil obligations under EU law.In his short explainer, President Lenaerts walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal issues raised.
How do citizens interact with the EU Court? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-26 | The preliminary ruling procedure allows the Court to answer questions from national judges concerning EU law and to guarantee a uniform interpretation of that law, so that citizens can benefit from the consistent application of EU rules. Judge Octavia Spineanu-Matei explains how any national judge who is uncertain about EU law may refer the question to the Court of Justice.
Multilingualism: the key to equal access to justice Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-23 | Discover how the Court’s 24‑language system guarantees your right to be heard and to understand rulings, with insights from Maciej Markiewic, Director in the Directorate-General of Multilingualism
One million signatures to make your voice heard Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-16 | The Court of Justice ensures transparency and respect for the European Citizens’ Initiative - a unique instrument of supranational democracy that enables Europeans to ask the Commission to propose legislation.
What is the role of the Registry of the General Court? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-12 | Case management, support for judicial activity, and preservation of the memory of European justice: the Registrar of the General Court, Vittorio Di Bucci, explains the role of the service he heads.
Judgment WhatsApp Ireland v European Data Protection Board explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-10 | Protection of personal data - Action for annulment Can a company challenge before the EU courts a binding decision of the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) adopted under the GDPR dispute resolution mechanism?That is the question examined by the ECJ in today’s judgment in Case C-97/23 P.After several supervisory authorities received complaints concerning WhatsApp’s compliance with the GDPR (in particular as regards transparency) the Irish Data Protection Commission launched an investigation. As no consensus emerged on its draft decision, the matter was referred to the EDPB.The Board adopted a final and binding decision identifying infringements and requiring changes to the proposed corrective measures, including the level of the fines. On that basis, the Irish authority imposed fines totalling €225 million on WhatsApp.WhatsApp challenged the Board’s decision before the EUGeneralCourt, which dismissed the action as inadmissible. WhatsApp appealed to the hashtag#ECJ.In his short explainer, Vice-President von Danwitz walks you through the key elements of the case.
Take a seat at the Court of Justice Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-09 | First part - Discover how you can attend hearings at the Court in Luxembourg or watch it on the go. Second part: Get a behind-the-scenes look with Leticia Carrasco Marco.
The right to healthcare throughout Europe Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-06 | Did you know that you can receive medical treatment in any country in the European Union and still be reimbursed by your own health insurance? This right allows every citizen to access healthcare wherever they are, without losing their connection to their national social security system.
Advocates General: advising on the Court’s toughest cases Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-05 | Advocate General Laila Medina explains how the Treaty-mandated office delivers non-binding opinions that dissect the arguments and implications of complex cases, steering the Court during its initial deliberations.
How can I claim my rights under EU law ? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-02-04 | First part - The concrete steps you can take to bring your case to the Court of Justice.Second part - How ordinary citizens have shaped and made history in the EU law with Matija Longar.
Court or Courts? A close look at the composition of CJEU Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | First part - The Court of Justice of the EU is made up of two distinct courts : the Court of Justice and the General Court.Second part - The role of the General Court in the EU citizens’ life: some landmark cases, with Giulia Predonzani.
The task of Judges at the Court: interpreting EU Law and protecting citizens Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | Judge Octavia Spineanu Matei explains how judges are selected and their role in guaranteeing the uniform application of EU law for all EU citizens
Inside the EU’s General Court Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | President Marc van der Woude explains why EU Member States decided to establish this second court within the EU’s judicial system and how it functions as the “court for direct actions”.
The Registrar of the Court of Justice: a key function Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | Join Mr Calot Escobar to discover the mission and responsibilities of this role, which is essential to the proper functioning of European justice.
The role of the Court in environmental protection Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | More than two billion tonnes of waste are generated in the EU. How can the Court of Justice intervene if a Member State does not comply with European regulations?
Court of Justice of the EU and European Court of Human Rights: what are the differences? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | First part – Discover the jurisdiction and areas of activity of the Court in Luxembourg and the Court in Strasbourg.Second part – How can we reconcile the right to be forgotten with the right to information? With Arnaud Bohler.
Curia Web TV : connecting citizens with European justice Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | Join us for the launch of Curia Web Tv, the new video channel of the Court of Justice of the European Union. In this inaugural episode, President Koen Lenaerts discusses the importance of transparency, the Court’s mission, and how you can assert your rights
What are our rights to borderless education? Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | Access to scholarships, tuition fees, recognition of diplomas: in what ways are the rights to study and work in the EU guaranteed?
Online shopping: right of withdrawal and unfair terms Court of Justice of the European Union 2026-01-12 | With e-commerce booming, European consumer protection rules have evolved. How does the Court of Justice helping to improve transparency in our online shopping?
Judgment C-417/23 Slagelse Almennyttige Boligselskab, Afdeling Schackenborgvænge explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-18 | Equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic originHow should national courts assess whether housing legislation amounts to discrimination on the grounds of ethnic origin under EU law?That is the question examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-417/23 Slagelse Almennyttige Boligselskab, Afdeling Schackenborgvænge.The case concerns Danish legislation on public housing that provides for the reduction of housing units in certain “transformation” areas, classified in part by reference to the proportion of residents described as “immigrants and their descendants from non-Western countries.” Residents affected by lease terminations argue that this criterion constitutes prohibited discrimination on grounds of ethnic origin.In his short debriefing President Koen Lenaerts walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal framework set out by the Court for assessing direct and indirect discrimination under EU law.
Judgment C-136/24 P Hamoudi v Frontex explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-18 | Fundamental Rights – Right to asylumHow can effective judicial protection be ensured for migrants who allege fundamental rights violations during operations involving Frontex?That is the question examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-136/24 P Hamoudi v Frontex.The case concerns a Syrian national who claims to have been subjected to a summary return from Greece to Turkey in the Aegean Sea in April 2020, in a context where Frontex was conducting surveillance operations. After the General Court dismissed his action for damages for lack of conclusive proof, Mr Hamoudi appealed to the Court of Justice.In his short debriefing Judge Bernardus Smulders walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal issues at stake.
Judgment C-679/23 P WS and Others v Frontex explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-18 | Policies on border checks, asylum and immigrationWhat obligations does Frontex have to ensure respect for fundamental rights during joint return operations?That is the question examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-679/23 P WS and Others v Frontex.The case concerns a Syrian family transferred from Greece to Turkey in the context of a joint return operation coordinated by Frontex. After their complaints were rejected by the agency, the family brought an action for damages, alleging breaches of their fundamental rights and of the principle of non-refoulement. Following the dismissal of their action by the General Court, they appealed to the Court of Justice.In her short debriefing Judge Octavia Spineanu-Matei walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal issues at stake.
Judgment C-448/23 European Commission v Poland explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-18 | Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations - Judgments of the Polish Constitutional Court What are the legal consequences when a Member State’s constitutional court calls into question the essential characteristics of the EU legal order?That is the central issue examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-448/23 Commission v Poland.The case concerns two judgments delivered in 2021 by the Polish Constitutional Court, which declared certain provisions of the EU Treaties — as interpreted by the Court of Justice — to be unconstitutional. Those rulings called into question, in particular, the binding nature of EU law and the authority of the Court, as well as judicial review mechanisms designed to safeguard judicial independence and effective judicial protection.In this context, the European Commission brought infringement proceedings against Poland.In his short debriefing Judge Irmantas Jarukaitis presents the key elements of the case and the fundamental legal issues at stake.
Talking European law and Human Rights - Presidents Koen Lenaerts & Mattias Guyomar in conversation Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-03 | Every year, the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rightsmeet to exchange views on topics of common interest.This year, the meeting took place in Luxembourg, at the Court of Justice, which welcomed adelegation from the European Court of Human Rights to discuss current issues. This visit was also a unique opportunity to speak with Mattias Guyomar, President of the European Court of Human Rights, and Koen Lenaerts, President of the Court of Justice of the European Union, to better understand the mission of each of these two courts. In this discussion, Prresident Lenaerts and President Guyomar talk about:- How their courts protect fundamental rights; - The relationship between the European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; and - The democratic challenges facing our societies today.
Judgment Stichting Right to Consumer justice, Stichting App Stores Claims explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-02 | Abuse of a dominant position through sales on an online platform.Which court is competent to hear an action concerning alleged harm suffered by Apple device users who bought apps on the Dutch App Store?That is the question examined by the Court of Justice in today’s judgment in Case C-34/24 Stichting Right to Consumer Justice and Stichting App Stores Claims.The case concerns two Dutch foundations representing the collective interests of users who purchased apps on the App Store NL. They argue that Apple abuses its dominant position by charging excessive commissions. Apple, however, contests the jurisdiction of the Amsterdam court.In his short explainer Judge Smulders walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal issues raised.
Judgment Russmedia Digital and Inform Media Press explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-12-02 | Protection of personal data – Electronic commerce Is the owner of an online marketplace responsible for the personal data published in the ads posted on its platform?That is the question examined today by the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice in Case C-492/23 Russmedia Digital and Inform Media Press.The case stems from the publication, by an unidentified advertiser, of a false and defamatory ad containing photos and personal data taken without consent from a woman’s social media account. Although Russmedia, the site’s owner, removed the ad within an hour, it had already been copied and republished on other advertising websites.In his short debriefing President Lenaerts walks you through the key elements of the case and the legal issues it raises.
Judgment Wojewoda Mazowiecki explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-11-25 | Citizenship of the Union – Marriage between two citizens of the Union of the same sex
Judgment Denmark v European Parliament and Council of the EU explained Court of Justice of the European Union 2025-11-11 | Is the European Union competent to adopt a directive on adequate minimum wages?That’s the key question at the heart of Case C-19/23 Denmark v Parliament and Council. Denmark challenged the validity of the 2022 Directive on adequate minimum wages, arguing that the EU legislator had gone beyond its powers.In his short video, the President of the Court explains how the Court ruled, clarifying where the EU’s competence ends and the Member States’ begins.
